CN205941598U - Three -dimensional wind direction air velocity transducer of ultrasonic wave - Google Patents
Three -dimensional wind direction air velocity transducer of ultrasonic wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN205941598U CN205941598U CN201620859723.1U CN201620859723U CN205941598U CN 205941598 U CN205941598 U CN 205941598U CN 201620859723 U CN201620859723 U CN 201620859723U CN 205941598 U CN205941598 U CN 205941598U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a three -dimensional wind direction air velocity transducer of ultrasonic wave, it includes: a sensor body, first, second, the 3rd probe connection pole, first to, second to, third to ultrasonic transducer, first to ultrasonic transducer through a probe connection pole just to setting up in a direction of measurement, the second is to ultrasonic transducer through the 2nd probe connection pole just to setting up in the 2nd direction of measurement, the third is to ultrasonic transducer through the 3rd probe connection pole just to locating the 3rd direction of measurement, three direction of measurement constitutes three dimensions. The utility model discloses a three -dimensional wind direction air velocity transducer of ultrasonic wave, it is through the setting of probe connection pole for it can prevent the influence that the accuracy was measured to the wind speed to the vortex, has higher interference immunity, helps improving measuring result's authenticity and accuracy.
Description
Technical field
This utility model is related to a kind of non-contact type ultrasonic measurement three-dimensional space wind direction and wind velocity device, especially can
Enough simultaneously with the ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor of high accuracy, wide range measure three dimensions wind direction and wind speed instantaneous value,
Being capable of accurate measurement three-dimensional velocity, wind direction harmony temperature market demand.
Background technology
Wind direction and wind velocity measurement is meteorological, agricultural and industrial circle needs one of important parameter of measurement, at present, measures wind direction
The mode of wind speed is mainly Mechanical measurement, such as vane and wind vane, and Mechanical measurement method exists not enough as follows：Need opens
Wind symptom speed is big, mechanical wear is big, instantaneous wind speed has the drawbacks such as inertial error, leads to it to the less wind speed less than threshold wind velocity
Cannot measure, measurement data is also difficult to embody the change of wind speed.
Drawbacks described above is that those skilled in the art's expectation overcomes.
Utility model content
(1) technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems referred to above of prior art, this utility model provides a kind of ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensing
Device, it can prevent from being vortexed the impact to measuring wind speed accuracy, have higher anti-interference, and have higher resolution
Lower error rate.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that this utility model adopts include：
A kind of ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor, it includes：
One sensor main body；
First probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end is free end, extends to sensor main body
The first side；
First pair of ultrasound probe, including the first ultrasound probe and the second ultrasound probe, the two is located at the first probe
The free end of connecting rod, and the first measurement direction in the measurement plane of the first side of sensor main body is just to setting；
Second probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end is free end, extends to sensor main body
The first side；
Second pair of ultrasound probe, including the 3rd ultrasound probe and the 4th ultrasound probe, the two is located at the second probe
The free end of connecting rod, and the second measurement direction in the described measurement plane of the first side of sensor main body is just to setting,
Second measurement direction and the first measurement direction have predetermined angle α；
3rd probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end has two branch end, two branch end
Extend respectively to the first side of sensor main body and second side contrary with the first side；
And
3rd pair of ultrasound probe, including the 5th ultrasound probe and the 6th ultrasound probe, the two is located at the 3rd probe
First branch end of connecting rod and the second branch end, and in the 3rd measurement direction being in predetermined angle β with described measurement plane just
To setting.
By the setting of connecting rod of popping one's head in so that ultrasound probe is in a unlimited space, its air permeability is more preferable,
Especially it is that it reduces the interference to wind, is preferably retained the natural characteristic of wind, can prevent from being vortexed to measuring wind speed standard
Really the impact of property, has higher anti-interference, is favorably improved verity and the accuracy of measurement result.
The ultrasound wave of the second ultrasound probe transmitting during enforcement, can be received first with the first ultrasound probe, recycle
Second ultrasound probe receives the ultrasound wave of the first ultrasound probe transmitting, and calculates the first measurement direction using ultrasonic time difference method
Parameter；3rd ultrasound probe receives the ultrasound wave of the 4th ultrasound probe transmitting, and the 4th ultrasound probe receives the and three surpasses
The ultrasound wave of sonic probe transmitting, and the parameter of the second measurement direction is calculated using ultrasonic time difference method；5th ultrasound probe connects
Receive the ultrasound wave of the 6th ultrasound probe transmitting, the 6th ultrasound probe receives the ultrasound wave of the 5th ultrasound probe transmitting, and
Calculate the parameter of the 3rd measurement direction using ultrasonic time difference method；In conjunction with the first measurement direction, the second measurement direction and the 3rd measurement
The parameter in direction obtains instantaneous 3 D stereo wind direction and wind velocity.
Specifically, three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity can be calculated as follows：
If the distance between two ultrasound probes of the first measurement direction (such as X or Y or Z) be d, both when with the wind between
Transmission time is t12, both during contrary wind between transmission time be t21, wind speed is Vw, and ultrasonic propagation velocity is VS, can obtain：
Abbreviation can obtain wind speed Vw：
Abbreviation can obtain velocity of sound VS：
Spread speed C (m/s) and the relational expression of temperature T (DEG C) are ultrasound wave in atmosphere:
Formula (5) will be brought into according to the acoustic velocity value that inflexible wheel base and time of measuring calculate, just can calculate temperature value of speaking.
After the completion of single shaft wind vector calculates, recycle this wind speed by calculating resultant vector wind speed and direction, plane
Interior angle calculation is divided into four quadrants, and that is, 0～90 °, 91～180 °, 181～270 °, 271～359 °, single shaft wind speed is defined as：
Thing axle VEW, north and south axle VSN, vector wind direction is D；
Plane vector wind speed can be calculated by formula (6)：
Can be by formula (7)-formula (10) Calculation Plane vector wind direction：
If in 0～90 ° of quadrant：
If in 91～180 ° of quadrants：
If in 181～270 ° of quadrants：
If in 271～359 ° of quadrants：
Add the vector wind speed of Z axis, the as table of the wind speed and direction of space three-dimensional with vector wind speed and direction in plane
Show.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the distance between the first ultrasound probe and the second ultrasound probe,
Between the distance between three ultrasound probes and the 4th ultrasound probe, the 5th ultrasound probe and the 6th ultrasound probe away from
Equal from three, calculate so as to simplifying, improve certainty of measurement.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the first probe connecting rod is two, is connected to sensor main body.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the second probe connecting rod is two, is connected to sensor main body.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the junction of first, second, third probe connecting rod and sensor main body
It is provided with waterproof apron.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the first probe connecting rod is integrally C-shaped.
Preferably, first probe connecting rod have the first extension being sequentially connected, the first bending segment, the second extension,
Second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th extension, the first extension is connected to sensor main body, ultrasonic
Ripple probe is connected to the 4th extension.
Wherein, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, the bending angle sum of the 3rd bending segment are 180 °, preferably, three
The bending angle of bending segment is identical, is 60 °.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the second probe connecting rod is integrally C-shaped.
Preferably, second probe connecting rod have the first extension being sequentially connected, the first bending segment, the second extension,
Second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th extension, the first extension is connected to sensor main body, ultrasonic
Ripple probe is connected to the 4th extension.
Wherein, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, the bending angle sum of the 3rd bending segment are 180 °, preferably, three
The bending angle of bending segment is identical, is 60 °.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the 3rd probe connecting rod is in integrally Y type, and wherein, the first branch end is overall
C-shaped, the second branch end is integrally C-shaped.
Preferably, the 3rd probe connecting rod has upper and lower axle support bar, upper and lower axle pole connects section, upper and lower axle support bar one
End is connected with sensor main body, and the other end is connected section and connects with upper and lower axle pole, and the first branch end has first being sequentially connected
Extension, the first bending segment, the second extension, the second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th extension, the
One extension is connected to the first end (preferably, the junction of the two is provided with waterproof apron) that upper and lower axle pole connects section, surpasses
Sonic probe is connected to the 4th extension, and (the second branch end can be symmetricly set in upper and lower axle pole with the first branch end and be connected section
The second end).
Wherein, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, the bending angle sum of the 3rd bending segment are 180 °, preferably, three
The bending angle of bending segment is identical, is 60 °.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the angle of predetermined angle α is 90 °, calculates so as to simplifying, and improves and processes speed
Degree, improves monitoring frequency.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the angle of predetermined angle β is 90 °, calculates so as to simplifying, and improves and processes speed
Degree, improves monitoring frequency.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, sensor main body is provided with：
Core processing unit；
Impulse ejection module, between core processing unit and ultrasound probe, its pwm pulse timesharing switching simulation is opened
Close module to be connected with core processing unit, its " H " bridge pulse transformer module is located at pwm pulse timesharing switching analoging switch
Between module and ultrasound probe；
Echo reception module, between ultrasound probe and core processing unit, its echo reception timesharing switching simulation
Switch module is connected with ultrasound probe, and its Echo Processing module is located at echo reception timesharing switching analoging switch module and core
Between processing unit, wherein, in Echo Processing module, there is full inspection ripple and derivative module.
Preferably, Echo Processing module also includes echo amplifying and filtration module.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, its sensor main body is additionally provided with subregion isolation Voltage stabilizing module, core processing
Unit is isolated Voltage stabilizing module by subregion and is accessed input voltage.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, its sensor main body is additionally provided with data-converting block, core processing unit
By data-converting block output signal.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, full inspection ripple and derivative module include：
Operational amplifier U1C, its inverting input connects echo signal input part 1 by resistance 4 and accesses returning after amplifying
Ripple signal Echo_Sign, its in-phase input end connects amplifier end bias voltage incoming end 15 by amplifier end biasing resistor 14；
Detector diode 12, the inverting input of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, positive pole concatenation operation amplifier
The outfan of U1C；
Detector diode 13, the outfan of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, its positive pole filter resistance in parallel
16 and filter capacitor 18 access amplifier end bias voltage AVcc_Bias；
Resistance 5, is connected to the negative pole of detector diode 12 and the positive pole of detector diode 13；
Integrated operational amplifier 19, its inverting input connects the positive pole of detector diode 13 by resistance 6, and by adding
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass resistance 2 accesses echo-signal Echo_Sign after amplifying, and its in-phase input end passes through amplifier end biasing resistor 17 and accesses fortune
Put end bias voltage AVcc_Bias, between its outfan and inverting input, be connected with amplifier end feedback resistance 3, integrated computation
Amplifier 19 is also associated with amplifier end supply voltage incoming end 7 and simulation ground incoming end 20；
Integrated operational amplifier 22, its inverting input passes through differential capacitance 11 and the differential end input resistance being sequentially connected
The outfan of 10 connection integrated operational amplifiers 19, its in-phase input end accesses the biasing of amplifier end by amplifier end biasing resistor 21
Voltage AVcc_Bias, differential end compensating electric capacity 8 in parallel and differential end feedback electricity between its outfan and inverting input
Resistance 9 connection.
Wherein, amplifier end feedback resistance 3, adder resistance 2, resistance 4, resistance 5, the resistance value relation between resistance 6 are：
R1=R2=R3=R4=2*R5.
(3) beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor of the present utility model, because it is
Using ultrasonic measurement, for comparing prior art, the minimum 0m/s of threshold wind velocity that it can calculate, i.e. zero start wind
Speed, eliminates the error that the machinery inertial of instantaneous wind speed leads to, can wider range, in high precision, the three-dimensional wind of low error ground measurement
To wind speed；By the setting of connecting rod of popping one's head in so that ultrasound probe is in a unlimited space, its air permeability is more preferable,
Especially it is that it reduces the interference to wind, is preferably retained the natural characteristic of wind, be favorably improved the true of measurement result
Property and accuracy.Its circuit structure is simple, stable, efficiency high, monitoring useful range width.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of one embodiment of this utility model；
Fig. 2 is the Circuits System schematic diagram of one embodiment of this utility model；
Fig. 3 is full inspection ripple and derivative module schematic diagram in one embodiment of this utility model；
Fig. 4 is the operating process schematic diagram of one embodiment of this utility model.
【Description of reference numerals】
E1：First probe connecting rod；
E2：Second probe connecting rod；
E3：Upper and lower axle pole connects section；
E4：Ultrasound probe；
E5：Direction cue mark；
E6：Sensor main body；
E7：Fixed support；
E8：Upper and lower axle support bar；
E9：Waterproof apron；
E10：Waterproof apron；
1：Echo-signal input；
2：Adder resistance；
3：Amplifier end feedback resistance；
4：Resistance；
5：Resistance；
6：Resistance；
7：Amplifier end supply voltage incoming end；
8：Differential end compensating electric capacity；
9：Differential end feedback resistance；
10：Differential end input resistance；
11：Differential capacitance；
12：Detector diode；
13：Detector diode；
14：Amplifier end biasing resistor；
15：Amplifier end bias voltage incoming end；
16：Filter resistance；
17：Amplifier end biasing resistor；
18：Filter capacitor；
19：Integrated operational amplifier；
20：Simulation ground incoming end；
21：Amplifier end biasing resistor；
22：Integrated operational amplifier；
23：Output voltage；
24：Output voltage.
Specific embodiment
In order to preferably explain this utility model, in order to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, right
This utility model is described in detail.
The ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor of one embodiment of this utility model, it includes：
One sensor main body E6；
First probe connecting rod E1, first end is connected to sensor main body E6, and the other end is free end, extends to sensor
First side of main body E6；
First pair of ultrasound probe, including the first ultrasound probe and the second ultrasound probe, the two is located at the first probe
The free end of connecting rod E1, and the first measurement direction in the measurement plane of first side of sensor main body E6 is just to setting；
Second probe connecting rod E2, first end is connected to sensor main body E6, and the other end is free end, extends to sensor
First side of main body E6；
Second pair of ultrasound probe, including the 3rd ultrasound probe and the 4th ultrasound probe, the two is located at the second probe
The free end of connecting rod E2, and the second measurement direction in the described measurement plane of first side of sensor main body E6 is just to setting
Put, the second measurement direction and the first measurement direction have predetermined angle α；
3rd probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body E6, and the other end has two branch end, Liang Ge branch
End extends respectively to first side of sensor main body E6 and second side contrary with the first side；
And
3rd pair of ultrasound probe, including the 5th ultrasound probe and the 6th ultrasound probe, the two is located at the 3rd probe
First branch end of connecting rod and the second branch end, and in the 3rd measurement direction being in predetermined angle β with described measurement plane just
To setting.
By the setting of connecting rod of popping one's head in so that ultrasound probe E4 is in a unlimited space, its air permeability is more
Good, especially it is that it reduces the interference to wind, is preferably retained the natural characteristic of wind, vortex can be prevented to measuring wind speed
The impact of accuracy, has higher anti-interference, is favorably improved verity and the accuracy of measurement result.
As shown in figure 1, first pair of ultrasound probe, including west to ultrasound probe and east orientation ultrasound probe, the two
East-west direction in measurement plane is just to setting；Second pair of ultrasound probe, including north orientation ultrasound probe and south orientation ultrasound wave
Probe, the two North and South direction in described measurement plane is just to setting；3rd pair of ultrasound probe, including upper ultrasound probe
With lower ultrasound probe, the two in the vertical direction is up and down just to setting.By by three groups of ultrasound probes located at thing, south
North, above-below direction, that is, positive two-by-two to penetrating, and the reticule of three groups of probe compositions in affiliated three dimensions, orthogonal vertical is (i.e.
The angle of predetermined angle α is 90 °, and the angle of predetermined angle β is 90 °) so that data can be accurately, and meter can be simplified
Calculate, improve processing speed, improve monitoring frequency.
Wherein, probe connecting rod can be one or more, for example, can be that a probe with six free ends connects
Extension bar or multiple probe connecting rod are provided with six free ends altogether, for example, two first probe connecting rods E1 of setting,
First ultrasound probe and the second ultrasound probe are respectively connected to sensor main body E6 by one first probe connecting rod E1, if
Put two second probe connecting rods E2, the 3rd ultrasound probe and the 4th ultrasound probe are respectively by one second probe connecting rod
E2 is connected to sensor main body E6, one the 3rd probe connecting rod, and it has upper and lower axle support bar E8, upper and lower axle pole connects section
E3, the first branch end and the second branch end, its upper and lower axle support bar E8 is connected to sensor main body E6, the first branch end and second
Branch end connects section E3 by upper and lower axle pole and is connected to upper and lower axle support bar E8, and the 5th ultrasound probe and the 6th ultrasound wave are visited
Head is respectively arranged on the first branch end and the second branch end.Whereby, structure can be simplified, be easy to produce, and, it is more beneficial for reducing
Interference to wind, is improved the accuracy of measurement result.
Wherein, first, second probe connecting rod E1, E2 is integrally C-shaped, can make first, second, third and fourth whereby
Ultrasound probe, takes up room little so that compact overall structure located at the top of sensor main body E6, enables in particular to more meanwhile
Further reduce the interference to wind, reduce error.
Wherein, the first branch end of the 3rd probe connecting rod is integrally C-shaped, and the second branch end is integrally C-shaped, permissible whereby
So that the five, the 6th ultrasound probes is respectively arranged on above and below sensor main body E6 so that compact overall structure, take empty
Between little, meanwhile, enable in particular to further reduce the interference to wind, reduce error.
Preferably, first, second probe connecting rod E1, E2 have the first extension being sequentially connected, the first bending segment, the
Two extensions, the second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th extension, the first extension is connected to sensor
Main body E6, first, second, third and fourth ultrasound probe is connected to the 4th extension；First, second branch end has successively
First extension of connection, the first bending segment, the second extension, the second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th
Extension, the first extension is connected to upper and lower axle pole and connects section E3, and ultrasound probe is connected to the 4th extension.Each bending segment
Can be rounding off, so as to further reducing the interference to wind, be improved the accuracy of measurement result.
Wherein, the first bending segment, the second bending segment, the bending angle sum of the 3rd bending segment are 180 °, preferably, three
The bending angle of bending segment is identical, is 60 °, so as to further reducing the interference to wind, is improved the standard of measurement result
Really property.
Preferably, the distance between the distance between first pair of ultrasound probe, second pair of ultrasound probe and the 3rd right
The distance between ultrasound probe three is identical.
Wherein, the shell of sensor main body E6 includes：
Top cover, located at first side of sensor main body E6, which is provided with mounting direction mark (arrow being for example exposed to the north), with
It is easily installed enforcement；
Base, located at sensor main body E6 in contrast to the side of top cover, is used for fixing main circuit board and first, second,
Three probe connecting rods；
Side wall, is connected between top cover and base, and first, second, third probe connecting rod passes through side wall by sensor main
Body E6 internally extends；
Waterproof apron E9 and pad, located at the junction of first, second, third probe connecting rod and sensor main body E6,
And by first, second, third pop one's head in the contact dot encapsulation with base for the connecting rod；And
Fixed support E7, is connected to base side, is used for when mounted fixing, and can also install high intensity aviation in bottom
Plug, in order to external cabling measurement, can adopt high rigidity, corrosion-resistant, sludge proof stainless steel tube, to ensure the exhausted of installation
To fastness, it is to avoid the stability of wobble effects to measurement data and verity.
Preferably, the first branch end of the 3rd probe connecting rod and the second branch end are connected with upper and lower axle pole between section E3
It is also provided with waterproof apron E10 and pad, so as to playing the effect of inside and outside anti-water segregation.
Preferably, fixed form between ultrasound probe and sensor main body E6 to be connecting rod integrated (as metallic rod
Integration, can adopt the high rigidity steel pipe of external diameter 6mm), non-activity parts, can effectively prevent from rocking the system causing by mistake
Difference.
The shell of sensor main body E6 can adopt the resistant material of high intensity to make.
For example, it is possible to be coated with corrosion-inhibiting coating.
Wherein, corrosion-inhibiting coating can be using the coating being grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion：
Epoxy resin 100-110 part, benzene olefin(e) acid resin 20-30 part, triglycidyl isocyanurate 10-18 part, hexichol
Ether resin 10-15 part, dimethylbenzene 15-18 part, polyvinyl butyral resin ester 2-3 part, silicon nitride 5-15 part, Zinc Pyrithione 7-10
Part, dibutyl tin laurate 1-3 part, tetramethylolmethane 1-2 part, polybenzimidazoles 8-12 part, aminopropyl triethoxysilane 1-3
Part, FeCr2O4 nano powder 3-4 part, Pulvis Talci 1-5 part, dimethylethanolamine 3-8 part, dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium 6-10 part,
Ag3PO4 nano powder 1-2 part, titanic oxide nano 2-5 part, MoO3 nano powder 5-8 part, HfO2 nano powder 3-11 part.
Preferably, 105 parts of epoxy resin, 25 parts of benzene olefin(e) acid resin, 14 parts of triglycidyl isocyanurate, diphenyl ether tree
12 parts of fat, 16.8 parts of dimethylbenzene, 2.4 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin ester, 8 parts of silicon nitride, 8 parts of Zinc Pyrithione, tin dilaurate two
2 parts of butyl tin, 1.2 parts of tetramethylolmethane, 10 parts of polybenzimidazoles, 2 parts of aminopropyl triethoxysilane, FeCr2O4 nano powder 3.3
Part, 3 parts of Pulvis Talci, 4 parts of dimethylethanolamine, 8 parts of dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium, 1.2 parts of Ag3PO4 nano powder, nano titania
2.5 parts of powder, 5.8 parts of MoO3 nano powder, 4.1 parts of HfO2 nano powder.
Using above-mentioned corrosion-inhibiting coating, weatherability not only can be improved, and, its impact resistance, difficult for drop-off, especially,
Under Exposure to Sunlight, when comparing uncoated coating, housing temperature rise can be effectively suppressed.
The setting of said structure, so that the profile of sensor main body E6 is succinct, compact conformation, can reduce to greatest extent
Interference to wind, is improved the accuracy of measurement result, the especially mode of connecting rod mounting ultrasonic probe E4, Ke Yi
While ensureing maximum intensity fixing probe positions, bottom line will be reduced to the three-dimensional wind effect measuring.
Wherein, drive the purpose of ultrasound probe E4 to reach timesharing, sensor main body E6 is using by core processor
Send high-frequency impulse, then the mode through multiway analog switch switching, in order to effectively strengthen the transmission power of ultrasound probe, increase
The strong fade resistance propagated, the outprimary of pulse transformer is driven using " H " bridge, and action of low-voltage pulse is become in out-secondary
For high-voltage pulse, in order to improve the accuracy of detection to echo, the circuit part of sensor main body E6 also adds to Echo Processing
Full inspection ripple and peaker.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 2, the circuit structure in sensor main body E6 includes：
Core processing unit；
Impulse ejection module, between core processing unit and ultrasound probe E4, its pwm pulse timesharing switching simulation
Switch module is connected with core processing unit, and its " H " bridge pulse transformer module is opened located at pwm pulse timesharing switching simulation
Close between module and ultrasound probe；
Echo reception module, located between ultrasound probe E4 and core processing unit, its echo reception timesharing switches mould
Intend switch module to be connected with ultrasound probe E4, its Echo Processing module located at echo reception timesharing switching analoging switch module and
Between core processing unit, wherein, in Echo Processing module, there is full inspection ripple and derivative module.
Preferably, referring to Fig. 3, full inspection ripple and derivative module include：
Operational amplifier U1C, its inverting input connects echo signal input part 1 by resistance 4 and accesses returning after amplifying
Ripple signal Echo_Sign, its in-phase input end connects amplifier end bias voltage incoming end 15 by amplifier end biasing resistor 14；
Detector diode 12, the inverting input of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, positive pole concatenation operation amplifier
The outfan of U1C；
Detector diode 13, the outfan of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, its positive pole filter resistance in parallel
16 and filter capacitor 18 connection amplifier end bias voltage AVcc_Bias；
Resistance 5, is connected to the negative pole of detector diode 12 and the positive pole of detector diode 13；
Integrated operational amplifier 19, its inverting input connects the positive pole of detector diode 13 by resistance 6, and by adding
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass resistance 2 accesses echo-signal Echo_Sign after amplifying, and its in-phase input end passes through amplifier end biasing resistor 17 and accesses fortune
Put end bias voltage AVcc_Bias, between its outfan and inverting input, be connected with amplifier end feedback resistance 3, integrated computation
Amplifier 19 is also associated with amplifier end supply voltage incoming end 7 and simulation ground incoming end 20；
Integrated operational amplifier 22, its inverting input passes through differential capacitance 11 and the differential end input resistance being sequentially connected
The outfan of 10 connection integrated operational amplifiers 19, its in-phase input end accesses the biasing of amplifier end by amplifier end biasing resistor 21
Voltage AVcc_Bias, differential end compensating electric capacity 8 in parallel and differential end feedback electricity between its outfan and inverting input
Resistance 9 connection.
Wherein, R1=R2=R3=R4=2*R5.
By said structure, absolute value detecting circuit can be constituted by operational amplifier and detector diode, no matter input
Signal is greater than also being less than center-biased voltage, and output result is more than center-biased voltage, specifically：
Work as Vi>0, Vo1<When 0, detector diode 13 turns on, and detector diode 12 ends,
Abbreviation obtains：
Vo=ViFormula (12)；
Work as Vi<0, Vo1>When 0, detector diode 12 turns on, and detector diode 13 ends,
Abbreviation obtains：
Vo=-ViFormula (14),
Wherein, Vi is the echo-signal after amplifying, and Vol is output voltage 23, and Vo is output voltage 24.
Operational amplifier 19 forms adder operation amplifier, and full rectified signal is amplified, and operational amplifier 22 forms differential
Circuit, differential capacitance 11 is passed through energy storage, is filtered that carrier wave is useless, is directly parsed and useful crosses center echo-signal.
Wherein, Echo Processing module also includes echo amplification and filtration module.
Preferably, its sensor main body E6 is additionally provided with subregion isolation Voltage stabilizing module, core processing unit is isolated by subregion
Voltage stabilizing module accesses input voltage.
Wherein, sensor main body E6 is additionally provided with data-converting block, and core processing unit is exported by data-converting block
Signal.
Wherein, in order to improve the accuracy of its measurement result further, also provide calibration function, its zero calibration is in static state
Complete under environment, error between concordance and circuit between adjustment ultrasound wave, the calibration of its Segmented Extreme Value is in various criterion wind speed point position
Carry out the calibration to sensor, such as 10m/s calibrates, when wind-tunnel provides the 10m/s wind speed of standard, by calculating sensor
Measured value and standard value make the difference, and linear fit is calibrated in measured value difference again.
Wherein, can also in sensor main body E6 built-in setup module, so as to carrying out to including data output frequencies etc.
Setting, for example, make user that unit interval in output instantaneous value or meansigma methodss may be selected.
In order to improve certainty of measurement, reduce systematic error, wide-range, the ultrasound probe of low blind area can be selected, also may be used
To improve instantaneous plane wind direction and wind velocity measured value using high primary frequency circuit, in order to improve adaptability, it is allowed can round-the-clock to make
With ultrasound probe can be with built-in heating module, it is to avoid the impact to measurement of frost, sleet, it is better able to adapt to round-the-clock survey
Amount environment.
During enforcement, ultrasound wave time difference method computation and measurement single shaft wind speed and direction can be adopted, sensor utilizes offside probe sound
Wave impulse is received and dispatched, and measurement wind speed affects on echo duration.For example, the first first ultrasound probe, as transmitting probe, the second surpasses
Sonic probe, as receiving transducer, obtains a time when measuring, then the second ultrasound probe is as transmitting probe, and
One ultrasound probe as receiving transducer obtain another time in relative direction (single shaft wind speed calculate without temperature-compensating,
The calculation error penetrating probe can be cancelled out each other).
If the distance between two ultrasound probes of north and south (or thing or upper and lower) be d, both when with the wind between transmission when
Between be t12, both during contrary wind between transmission time be t21, wind speed is Vw, and ultrasonic propagation velocity is VS, can obtain：
Abbreviation can obtain wind speed Vw：
Abbreviation can obtain velocity of sound VS：
Spread speed C (m/s) and the relational expression of temperature T (DEG C) are ultrasound wave in atmosphere:
Formula (5) will be brought into according to the acoustic velocity value that inflexible wheel base and time of measuring calculate, just can calculate temperature value of speaking.
After the completion of single shaft wind vector calculates, recycle this wind speed by calculating resultant vector wind speed and direction, plane
Interior angle calculation is divided into four quadrants, and that is, 0～90 °, 91～180 °, 181～270 °, 271～359 °, single shaft wind speed is defined as：
Thing axle VEW, north and south axle VSN, vector wind direction is D；
Plane vector wind speed can be calculated by formula (6)：
Can be by formula (7)-formula (10) Calculation Plane vector wind direction：
If in 0～90 ° of quadrant：
If in 91～180 ° of quadrants：
If in 181～270 ° of quadrants：
If in 271～359 ° of quadrants：
Add the vector wind speed of Z axis, the as table of the wind speed and direction of space three-dimensional with vector wind speed and direction in plane
Show.
Referring to Fig. 4, this utility model additionally provide ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor monitoring method, it include as
Lower step：
S1, startup self-detection；
S2, parameter configuration initialization；
Base intervalometer (SYSTICK) when S3, unlatching；
S4, measurement single probe echo time；
S5, filtering calculation of wind speed wind direction temperature data；
S6, judge measure the monocycle whether complete, if it is not, then return execution step S4, if so, then continue executing with step
S7；
S7, filtering calculation of wind speed wind direction temperature data；
S8, judging whether to reach timing output data time, if it is not, then returning execution step S4～S7, if so, then continuing
Execution step S9；
S9, DMA serial ports sends packet automatically.
Wherein, step S4～S7 specifically includes：
The single driving of S10, probe prepares；
S11, single measurement of respectively popping one's head in；
S12, each measurement data are stored in fixing array；
In S13, the array of storage measured value, data integrally moves to right one；
S14, averagely each single shaft array data, composite calulation instantaneous wind direction and wind velocity value.
By said method, ultrasound wave of the present utility model three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor can in real time, record exactly
Tri-dimensional wind speed wind direction.
In sum, ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor of the present utility model, because it is the ultrasound adopting
Amount, for comparing prior art, its contactless metering system avoids distortion and the inertial error that mechanical wear is brought,
Can wider range, in high precision, the three-dimensional vector wind direction of low error ground measurement and wind speed, Theoretical Calculation threshold wind velocity is minimum to be limited to
0m/s, output instantaneous wind speed has higher reliability；By pop one's head in connecting rod setting so that ultrasound probe be in one open
In the space opened, its air permeability more preferably, is especially that it reduces the interference to wind, is preferably retained the natural characteristic of wind,
It is favorably improved verity and the accuracy of measurement result.Further, it passes through in circuit part, Echo Processing to be added entirely
Detection and peaker, are integrally improved the accuracy of detection to echo；By high-frequency impulse is sent by core processor, through excessive
Path analoging switch switches, and has reached the effect that timesharing drives ultrasound probe；Adopted by the outprimary of pulse transformer
" H " bridge drives, and action of low-voltage pulse is changed into high-voltage pulse in out-secondary, effectively enhances the transmission power of ultrasound probe,
Enhance the fade resistance of propagation, and its circuit structure is simple, stable, efficiency high, monitoring frequency width.In simple terms, originally
The ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor of utility model can not discontinuous operation in the presence of a harsh environment, effective space three-dimensional degree is provided
Wind direction and wind velocity measured value, measured and mounting structure by improving, can prevent from being vortexed accurate measurement to normal wind speed, and have
There are higher resolution and lower error rate.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor is it is characterised in that it includes：
One sensor main body；
First probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end is free end, extends to the of sensor main body
Side；
First pair of ultrasound probe, including the first ultrasound probe and the second ultrasound probe, the two connects located at the first probe
The free end of bar, and the first measurement direction in the measurement plane of the first side of sensor main body is just to setting；
Second probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end is free end, extends to the of sensor main body
Side；
Second pair of ultrasound probe, including the 3rd ultrasound probe and the 4th ultrasound probe, the two connects located at the second probe
The free end of bar, and the second measurement direction in the described measurement plane of the first side of sensor main body is just to setting, second
Measurement direction and the first measurement direction have predetermined angle α；
3rd probe connecting rod, first end is connected to sensor main body, and the other end has two branch end, and two branch end are respectively
Extend to the first side of sensor main body and second side contrary with the first side；
And
3rd pair of ultrasound probe, including the 5th ultrasound probe and the 6th ultrasound probe, the two connects located at the 3rd probe
First branch end of bar and the second branch end, and be in the 3rd measurement direction of predetermined angle β with described measurement plane just to setting
Put.
2. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 1 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：First ultrasound probe and
The distance between the distance between two ultrasound probes, the 3rd ultrasound probe and the 4th ultrasound probe, the 5th ultrasound wave are visited
The distance between head and the 6th ultrasound probe three is equal.
3. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 1 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：First probe connecting rod is two
Individual, it is connected to sensor main body, the second probe connecting rod is two, is connected to sensor main body, and the 3rd probe is even
Extension bar is one, has upper and lower axle support bar, upper and lower axle pole connects section, the first branch end and the second branch end, its upper and lower axle
Support bar is connected to sensor main body, and the first branch end and the second branch end connect section by upper and lower axle pole and be connected to upper and lower axle
Support bar.
4. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 1 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：First probe connecting rod is overall
C-shaped, the second probe connecting rod is integrally C-shaped, and the first branch end of the 3rd probe connecting rod is integrally C-shaped, the second branch end
Overall C-shaped.
5. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 4 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：First, second probe connects
Bar has the first extension being sequentially connected, the first bending segment, the second extension, the second bending segment, the 3rd extension, the 3rd curved
Trisection and the 4th extension, the first extension is connected to sensor main body, and ultrasound probe is connected to the 4th extension；Firstth,
Second branch end has the first extension being sequentially connected, the first bending segment, the second extension, the second bending segment, the 3rd extension
Section, the 3rd bending segment and the 4th extension, the first extension is connected to upper and lower axle pole and connects section, and ultrasound probe is connected to the
Four extensions.
6. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 5 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：First bending segment, second curved
Trisection, the bending angle sum of the 3rd bending segment are 180 °, preferably, the bending angle of three bending segments is identical, are 60 °.
7. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 1 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：The angle of predetermined angle α is
90 °, the angle of predetermined angle β is 90 °.
8. ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that sensor main body is provided with：
Core processing unit；
Impulse ejection module, between core processing unit and ultrasound probe, its pwm pulse timesharing switching analoging switch mould
Block is connected with core processing unit, and its " H " bridge pulse transformer module is located at pwm pulse timesharing switching analoging switch module
And ultrasound probe between；
Echo reception module, between ultrasound probe and core processing unit, its echo reception timesharing switching analoging switch
Module is connected with ultrasound probe, and its Echo Processing module is located at echo reception timesharing switching analoging switch module and core processing
Between unit, wherein, in Echo Processing module, there is full inspection ripple and derivative module.
9. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 8 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor is it is characterised in that full inspection ripple and derivative module bag
Include：
Operational amplifier U1C, its inverting input connects echo signal input part (1) by resistance (4), and its in-phase input end leads to
Cross amplifier end biasing resistor (14) and connect amplifier end bias voltage incoming end (15)；
Detector diode (12), the inverting input of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, positive pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C
Outfan；
Detector diode (13), the outfan of its negative pole concatenation operation amplifier U1C, its positive pole filter resistance in parallel
(16) and filter capacitor (18) access amplifier end bias voltage AVcc_Bias；
Resistance (5), is connected to the negative pole of detector diode (12) and the positive pole of detector diode (13)；
Integrated operational amplifier 19, its inverting input connects the positive pole of detector diode (13) by resistance (6), and by adding
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass resistance (2) accesses echo-signal Echo_Sign after amplifying, and its in-phase input end is connect by amplifier end biasing resistor (17)
Enter amplifier end bias voltage AVcc_Bias, between its outfan and inverting input, be connected with amplifier end feedback resistance (3), collection
Operational amplifier (19) is become to be also associated with amplifier end supply voltage incoming end (7) and simulation ground incoming end (20)；
Integrated operational amplifier (22), its inverting input passes through differential capacitance (11) and the differential end input resistance being sequentially connected
(10) connect the outfan of integrated operational amplifier (19), its in-phase input end accesses amplifier by amplifier end biasing resistor (21)
End bias voltage AVcc_Bias, differential end compensating electric capacity (8) in parallel and differential between its outfan and inverting input
End feedback resistance (9) connects.
10. ultrasound wave as claimed in claim 9 three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor it is characterised in that：
Amplifier end feedback resistance (3), adder resistance (2), resistance (4), resistance (5), the resistance value relation between resistance (6)
For：R1=R2=R3=R4=2*R5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620859723.1U CN205941598U (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2016-08-09 | Three -dimensional wind direction air velocity transducer of ultrasonic wave |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106199063A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-07 | 北京雨根科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor |
| CN112305259A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 西安工程大学 | Space wind speed and wind direction monitoring method based on ultrasonic transducer |
-
2016
- 2016-08-09 CN CN201620859723.1U patent/CN205941598U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106199063A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-07 | 北京雨根科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasound wave three-dimensional wind direction and wind velocity sensor |
| CN112305259A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 西安工程大学 | Space wind speed and wind direction monitoring method based on ultrasonic transducer |
| CN112305259B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2023-03-14 | 西安工程大学 | Space wind speed and wind direction monitoring method based on ultrasonic transducer |
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