CN205933599U - Molten glass heating device and glass manufacturing installation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a molten glass heating device and glass manufacturing installation. The utility model provides a molten glass heating device of molten glass's uneven homogenizing is heated, is suppressed molten glass with the mode that does not produce the temperature difference. A molten glass heating device 210 which has the compound tubular construction body 220 and ohmic heating portion 230, the compound tubular construction body 220 have be responsible for 1, upper portion branch pipe 2 and lower part branch pipe 3, ohmic heating portion 230 has electrode 4, electrode 5 and electrode 6 to form the 21 and the 2nd electric current supply route 22 in the 1st electric current supply route, the compound tubular construction body 220 mode constitution in order to satisfy " 0.4 < (the resistance of the electric current of ( alpha ) between the branch portion J of the flow through resistance of being responsible for the electric current of ( gamma ) between 1 upper end 1a and the branch portion upper end ja and the upper portion branch pipe 2 of flowing through and between the square end 2a of the portion total / person in charge's 1 that flows through of the resistance of the electric current of ( beta ) of inclining upper end 1a and the lower extreme 1b) < 0.8 ".

Description

Melten glass heater and glass manufacturing apparatus

Technical field

This utility model is related to melten glass heater and glass manufacturing apparatus.

Background technology

In glass manufacturing apparatus, the hollow pipe that the platinum alloy such as platinum or platinum-gold alloy, platinum-rhodium alloy is used is as fair The melten glass being permitted high temperature is by its internal conduit.In glass manufacturing apparatus, in order to ensure the mobility of melten glass, right Allow the heating conduit that melten glass passes through.For the heating of conduit, sometimes also utilize the thermals source such as heater right from outside Heating conduit, but in the case that conduit is for the hollow pipe of platinum or platinum alloy, widely carry out setting on this hollow pipe Energising electrode and to this hollow pipe electrified regulation.

In the heating of conduit, it is possible to there is the underheat in arm in the case of setting supervisor and arm.

As the underheated countermeasure for arm, Patent Document 1 discloses and lead to can act as melten glass The method of the platinum structural body of a composite tube electrified regulation of pipe.As shown in fig. 7, the composite pipe structure being heated by this heating means Body 100 comprises 2 supervisors 101,102 and connects the arm 103 between supervisor 101,102.

In this embodiment, the path that arm 103 is energized is divided into the 1st electrical path (electric current feed path) the 120 and the 2nd Electrical path 121.1st electrical path 120 connects the 1st supervisor 101 and arm 103.2nd electrical path, 121 connecting branch 103 He 2nd supervisor 102.And, separately implement the power control in the 1st electrical path 120 and the 2nd electrical path 121.

Prior art literature

Patent documentation

Patent documentation 1：International Publication No. 2006/123479

Utility model content

Utility model problem to be solved

But, in the heating means of patent documentation 1, for the connecting portion (branch of the inside being responsible for and supervisor and arm Portion) temperature difference at place do not account for.Therefore, when melten glass passes through to be responsible for the inside with arm, melten glass produces temperature Degree is poor, causes the inequality of melten glass to homogenize sometimes.

In view of the above problems, the purpose of this utility model be to provide a kind of can be to molten in the way of not producing temperature difference Melt the inequality homogenized melten glass heater that glass carries out heating and suppressing melten glass.

Means for solving the problem

In order to solve the above problems, according to a kind of mode of the present utility model, provide a kind of melten glass heater, its Allow the composite pipe structure body that passes through of melten glass for having and to the electrified regulation portion of this composite pipe structure body electrified regulation Melten glass heater, wherein,

Described composite pipe structure body has the supervisor essentially perpendicularly extending with respect to horizontal direction, upper in described supervisor Portion side is propped up from the top arm of described supervisor branch and in the bottom side of described supervisor from the bottom of described supervisor branch Pipe；

Described electrified regulation portion has the 1st electrode of the upper end being arranged on described supervisor, is arranged on the lower end of described supervisor The 2nd electrode and be arranged on described top arm side end the 3rd electrode, described 1st electrode and described 2nd electricity Form the 1st electric current feed path of supply electric current between pole, form supply electricity between described 1st electrode and described 3rd electrode 2nd electric current feed path of stream；

In described composite pipe structure body, with meet 0.4 ＜ (flow through the described upper end of described supervisor and branch upper end it Between the resistance of electric current and flow through the resistance of electric current between the branch of described top arm and described side end total/ Flow through the resistance of the electric current between the described upper end of described supervisor and described lower end) mode of ＜ 0.8, described supervisor configures Described top arm.

Utility model effect

According to a kind of mode of the present utility model, in melten glass heater, can be not produce the side of temperature difference Formula heats to melten glass, and suppresses the inequality of melten glass to homogenize.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the glass manufacturing apparatus being equipped with melten glass heater representing this utility model the 1st embodiment Sectional view.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the manufacture method of the glass article of manufacture device representing Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the skeleton diagram of the melten glass heater of the 1st embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is top arm in the composite pipe structure body illustrate the 1st embodiment of the present utility model with respect to supervisor Position perspective view.

Fig. 5 is the skeleton diagram of the system with melten glass heater of the 2nd embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is to represent the temperature changing top arm with respect to the melten glass in the composite pipe structure body behind the position of supervisor The table of degree.

Fig. 7 is the concept map of the electric heating device of past case.

Reference

1st, 1R supervisor (main)

1a upper end

1b lower end

2nd, 2R top arm

2a side end

3rd, 3R bottom arm

3a side end

4 (4a, 4b) the 1st electrode

5 (5a, 5b) the 2nd electrode

6 (6a, 6b) the 3rd electrode

7 (7a, 7b) the 4th electrode

10 melting appartus

20 melten glass vehicles

21 the 1st electric current feed paths

22 the 2nd electric current feed paths

23 the 3rd electric current feed paths

24A the 1st power supply

24B the 2nd power supply

24C the 3rd power supply

30 forming devices

40 attachment means

50 annealing devices

200 melten glass heating systems

210 melten glass heaters (the 1st melten glass heater)

220 composite pipe structure bodies

230 electrified regulation portions

240 the 2nd melten glass heaters

250 composite pipe structure bodies

260 electrified regulation portions

G2 melten glass

Ja branch upper end

Jb branch lower end

J branch (connecting portion)

SD passes through to be responsible for the shortest path of the electric current flowing to branch upper end and from branch upper end from the upper end of supervisor Flow to the side end of top arm by the generatrix direction of the top arm along cylindrical shape for the inner peripheral portion topmost of top arm The path of electric current total

LD passes through to be responsible for the shortest path of the electric current flowing to branch lower end and from branch lower end from the upper end of supervisor Flow to the side end of top arm by the generatrix direction of the top arm along cylindrical shape for the inner peripheral portion foot of top arm The path of electric current total

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, with regard to for implementing mode of the present utility model, being described with reference to the accompanying drawings.In each accompanying drawing, to identical Or corresponding composition imparting identical or corresponding symbol, and omit the description.In this specification, expression numerical range "～" It is meant that the scope comprising the numerical value before and after it.

[glass manufacturing apparatus]

Fig. 1 is glass plate (the glass thing being equipped with melten glass heater representing this utility model the 1st embodiment Product) manufacture device sectional view.As shown in figure 1, the manufacture device of glass plate has melting appartus 10, melten glass transports dress Put 20, forming device 30, attachment means 40 and annealing device 50.

Melting appartus 10 are by making melten glass G2 by frit G1 fusing.Melting appartus 10 have and for example melt Stove 11 and burner 12.

In melting furnace 11, form the melting chamber 11a of fusing frit G1.Melten glass G2 is housed in melting chamber 11a.

Burner 12 forms flame in the upper space of melting chamber 11a.By this flame radiation heat by frit G1 Lentamente it is fused into melten glass G2.

Melten glass G2 is transported to forming device 30 from melting appartus 10 by melten glass vehicle 20, by melten glass G2 supplies to forming device 30.In melten glass vehicle 20, it is provided with melten glass heater 210 described later.

The melten glass G2 supplying from melten glass vehicle 20 is configured to the glass tape of band plate-like by forming device 30 G3.Forming device 30 has such as forming furnace 31 and shaping heater 32.

In forming furnace 31, form the working chamber 31a that melten glass G2 is shaped.From the beginning of the entrance of forming furnace 31, more court To the outlet of forming furnace 31, the temperature of working chamber 31a is lower.Forming furnace 31 has float bath 311 and is arranged on float bath 311 The ceiling 312 of side.

Float bath 311 houses motlten metal M.As motlten metal M, it is possible to use such as molten tin.Except molten tin with Outward, it is possible to use molten tin alloy etc..In order to suppress the oxidation of motlten metal M, the upper space of working chamber 31a is full of reduction Property gas.Reducibility gas are for example made up of the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen.

The melten glass G2 that float bath 311 will continuously feed on motlten metal M, using the liquid level of motlten metal M, becomes Shape is the glass tape G3 of band plate-like.Glass tape G3 is while downstream flow on one side lentamente admittedly in side from the upstream side of float bath 311 Change, be lifted up from motlten metal M in the downstream area of float bath 31.

Shape heater 32 suspended from ceiling 312.Shape heater 32 to be spaced on the flow direction of glass tape G3 Ground setting is multiple, adjusts the Temperature Distribution on the flow direction of glass tape G3.In addition, shaping the width in glass tape G3 for the heater 32 It is positioned apart from multiple on degree direction, adjust the Temperature Distribution on the width of glass tape G3.

Attachment means 40 joint forming device 30 and annealing device 50.Small between attachment means 40 and annealing device 50 Adiabator can be filled up in gap.Attachment means 40 have connection stove 41, intermediate heater 42 and runner 43.

Connect stove 41 to be arranged between forming furnace 31 and leer described later 51, and form what suppression was transported between them The heat of glass tape G3 discharges the junction chamber 41a of (desuperheating).It is prevented from glass tape G3's between forming furnace 31 and leer 51 Chilling.

Intermediate heater 42 is arranged in junction chamber 41a.Intermediate heater 42 is spaced on the carriage direction of glass tape G3 Ground setting is multiple, adjusts the Temperature Distribution on the carriage direction of glass tape G3.Intermediate heater 42 can also be glass tape G3's Setting is separated on width, adjusts the Temperature Distribution on the width of glass tape G3.

Runner 43 is arranged in junction chamber 41a.Runner 43 passes through the rotation driving such as electromotor, by glass tape G3 from Motlten metal M is lifted up, and is transported to leer 51 from forming furnace 31.Runner 43 is spaced on the carriage direction of glass tape G3 Ground setting is multiple.

Annealing device 50 carries out Slow cooling to the glass tape G3 being shaped by forming device 30.Annealing device 50 has slow cooling Stove 51, slow cooling heater 52 ease up chilling roller 53.

In leer 51, form the slow cooling room 51a that glass tape G3 is carried out with Slow cooling.Open from the entrance of leer 51 Begin, more towards the outlet of leer 51, the temperature of slow cooling room 51a is lower.

Slow cooling heater 52 is arranged in the 51a of slow cooling room.Slow cooling heater 52 is spaced on the carriage direction of glass tape G3 Ground setting is multiple, adjusts the Temperature Distribution on the carriage direction of glass tape G3.Slow cooling heater 52 can also be glass tape G3's Setting is separated on width, adjusts the Temperature Distribution on the width of glass tape G3.

Slow cooling roller 3 is arranged in the 51a of slow cooling room.Slow cooling roller 53 passes through the rotation driving such as electromotor, and by glass tape G3 from The entrance of leer 51 transports to the outlet of leer 51.Slow cooling roller 53 is positioned apart from many on the carriage direction of glass tape G3 Individual.

Glass tape G3 after Slow cooling in annealing device 50 is cut into the size of regulation by cutting machine, thus To the glass plate as product.

It should be noted that the manufacture device of glass plate can be diversified.For example, the manufacture device of glass plate can To have the clarifier that in melten glass vehicle 20, the bubble being included in melten glass G2 is carried out with deaeration.

[manufacture method of glass article]

Then, the manufacture method of the glass plate of the manufacture device of glass plate using above-mentioned composition, with reference to Fig. 2, is described.Fig. 2 Flow chart for representing the manufacture method of the glass article of the 1st embodiment.As shown in Fig. 2 the manufacture method of glass plate has Melt operation S10, melten glass transports operation S20, forming process S30 and Slow cooling operation S50.

In melting operation S10, make melten glass G2 by melting frit G1.

Transport in operation S20 in melten glass, melten glass G2 is transported to forming device 30 from fusing device 10.

In forming process S30, the melten glass G2 making by melting operation S10 is configured to the glass tape of band plate-like G3.For example, in forming process S30, continuously feed melten glass G2 on motlten metal M, using the liquid level of motlten metal M Melten glass G2 is configured to the glass tape G3 of band plate-like.Glass tape G3 is while from the upstream side of float bath 311 downstream effluent Dynamic, lentamente solidify.

In Slow cooling operation S50, Slow cooling is carried out to the glass tape G3 shaping by forming process S30.

Glass tape G3 after Slow cooling is cut into the size of regulation using cutting machine, thus obtaining the glass as product Glass plate.

It should be noted that the manufacture method of glass plate can be diversified.For example, the manufacture method of glass plate can Transport the clarification operation that in operation S20, the bubble being included in melten glass G2 is carried out with deaeration to have in melten glass.

[melten glass heater]

＜ the 1st embodiment ＞

Then, with reference to Fig. 3, melten glass heater 210 of the present utility model is described.Fig. 3 is that this utility model is described The melten glass heater 210 of the 1st embodiment schematic diagram.

Melten glass heater 210 has composite pipe structure body 220 and electrified regulation portion 230.Composite pipe structure body 220 Comprise to form the conduit of the stream allowing melten glass G2 to pass through.Electrified regulation portion 230 leads to composite pipe structure body 220 Electrical heating.

Composite pipe structure body 220 shown in Fig. 3 have supervisor's (also referred to as main) 1 as conduit, top arm 2 and under Portion's arm 3.

Supervisor 1 essentially perpendicularly extends with respect to horizontal direction, and top arm 2 is in the top side of supervisor 1 from 1 point of supervisor The internal connection of Zhi Bingyu supervisor 1.Herein, substantially vertical with respect to horizontal direction refer to respect to vertical ± 10 degree within. Bottom arm 3 supervisor 1 bottom side from be responsible for 1 branch and with supervisor 1 inside connect.

In the composition of Fig. 3, bottom arm 3 be by melten glass G2 import supervisor 1 ingress pipe, top arm 2 be by The contrary composition as the discharge pipe or aftermentioned Fig. 5 of supervisor 1 discharge of melten glass G2.

Supervisor 1, top arm 2 and bottom arm 3 are the hollow pipe of platinum system or platinum alloy.Concrete as platinum alloy Example, can enumerate：Platinum-gold alloy, platinum-rhodium alloy.In addition, in the case of the platinum system of referring to or platinum alloy system, also including making gold Belong to oxide and be distributed to enhancing platinum system obtained from platinum or platinum alloy.In this case, aoxidize as by scattered metal Thing, can enumerate：With Al₂O₃Or ZrO₂Or Y₂O₃For the III-th family in the periodic table of elements of representative, Group IV or the 13rd race Metal-oxide.

In order to induce current on such wall containing the hollow pipe of platinum, electrode 4,5,6,7 described later is arranged on supervisor 1 Upper end 1a, supervisor 1 the side end 3a of lower end 1b, the side end 2a of top arm 2 and bottom arm 3 on.

In the outside (upside) of the electrode 4 of the upper end 1a being arranged at supervisor 1, can also arrange and prevent from melten glass G2's The The lid component of radiating.

In the electrified regulation portion 230 that the composite pipe structure body 220 to above-mentioned composition carries out electrified regulation, electrode 4 engages Supervisor 1 upper end 1a, electrode 5 be bonded on supervisor 1 lower end 1b, electrode 6 be bonded on top arm 2 side end 2a and And electrode 7 is bonded on the periphery of side end 3a of bottom arm 3.

Electrode 4,5,6,7 by ring electrode 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a of platinum system or platinum alloy, and with ring electrode 4a, 5a, Extraction electrode 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b that one end of the outer rim of 6a, 7a engages is constituted.Extraction electrode 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b and electricity described later Source 24A, 24B, 24C connect, and when energized, electric current passes through ring electrode 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a from extraction electrode 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b and flows To conduit 1,2,3.

The portion of the metal material beyond platinum or platinum alloy, in the outer rim of ring electrode 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a, can also be set Position.As such metal material, can enumerate：Rhodium, iridium, molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, palladium, copper and their alloy etc..

With regard to extraction electrode 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, preferably using platinum as main composition material.But, it is not limited to this, Can be the metal material system beyond above-mentioned platinum or platinum alloy.

And, connect the electrode (the 2nd electrode) 5 of the electrode (the 1st electrode) 4 and lower end 1b of upper end 1a of supervisor 1, formed and supply The 1st electric current feed path 21 to electric current.Connect the electrode 4 of upper end 1a of supervisor 1 and the electricity of the side end 2a of top arm 2 Pole 6 (the 3rd electrode), forms the 2nd electric current feed path 22 of supply electric current.Connect the electrode 5 of lower end 1b of supervisor 1 and bottom is propped up The electrode (the 4th electrode) 7 of the side end 3a of pipe 3, forms the 3rd electric current feed path 23 of supply electric current.

Electric current is supplied to electrode 5,4 by the 1st electric current feed path 21, the 2nd electric current feed path 22 supplies to electrode 4,6 Electric current, the 3rd electric current feed path 23 supplies electric current to electrode 7,5, carries out electrified regulation to composite pipe structure body 220.

In addition, in electrified regulation portion 230, the 1st electric current feed path 21 arranges (insertion) the 1st power supply 24A, the In 2 electric current feed paths 22, the 2nd power supply 24B is set, the 3rd electric current feed path 23 arranges the 3rd power supply 24C.That is, the 1st electricity Source 24A is electrically connected with electrode 5,4, and the 2nd power supply 24B is electrically connected with electrode 4,6, and the 3rd power supply 24C is electrically connected with electrode 7,5.

Additionally, electrified regulation portion 230 has regulation the 1st electric current feed path 21, the 2nd electric current feed path the 22 and the 3rd electricity The current balancing unit 25 of each interelectrode electric current (electric current density) of stream feed path 23.

As an example, the power supply 24A of three-phase alternating current, power supply 24B and power supply 24C are supplied respectively to single-phase alternating current Ia, single-phase alternating current ib and single-phase alternating current ic.

Herein, current balancing unit 25 adjusts the single-phase alternating current being generated by power supply 24A, power supply 24B and power supply 24C The levels of current of ia, single-phase alternating current ib and single-phase alternating current ic, thus possess the levels of current balance obtaining between power supply Current balance type function.As the regulation of levels of current, the phase place of electric current can be adjusted.

Between R, S that current balancing unit 25 comprises for example to comprise in multiple supply three-phase alternating current phases, the list between R, T, between S, T The transformator of the coil that can adjust turn ratio of cross streams, three terminal bidirectional alternating-current switch, automatic current regulator (ACR) etc. and Constitute.

It should be noted that in figure 3, illustrate to record current balancing unit 25 respectively with power supply 24A, 24B, 24C Example, but current balancing unit 25 can also be merged with power supply 24A, 24B, 24C and be configured to power-supply system.

As an example, the current balancing unit 25 of present embodiment is so that the single-phase alternating current ia of power supply 24A, electricity The phase contrast of the single-phase alternating current ic of the single-phase alternating current ib of source 24B and power supply 24C is that the mode of 2 π/3 or 4 π/3 is adjusted Electric current.When setting phase contrast by this way, 3 power supplys 24A, 24B, 24C's is potential difference and typically constant.

Therefore, it can control the 1st electric current flowing through the upper end 1a and lower end 1b that connect supervisor 1 to supply in the way of being equal to each other The upper end 1a to the electric current ia in path 21, flowing through connection supervisor 1 and the 2nd electric current supply road of the side end 2a of top arm 2 The electric current ib in footpath 22 and the 3rd electric current feed path flowing through the side end 3a connecting the lower end 1b being responsible for 1 and bottom arm 3 23 electric current ic.

In the case of supplying uniform electric current to each electric current feed path in the above described manner, in figure 3, by the 1st electric current The electric current of feed path 21 and the 2nd electric current feed path 22 supply repeats to flow through the branch upper end of supervisor 1 and top arm 2 (connecting portion upper end, overlying corner portions) Ja.Additionally, branch upper end Ja is located at the electricity flowing to top arm 2 from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 On the shortest path of stream.Therefore, branch upper end Ja becomes the position of current convergence.

Therefore, because current convergence in branch upper end Ja it is possible to local heating can occur.

Therefore, when electrified regulation is carried out to top arm 2 it is preferable that not occurring local to add in branch upper end Ja Heat, therefore defines the size of composite pipe structure body 220 in the present embodiment, thus relaxes the concentration of electric current.Specifically, In the melten glass heater 210 of present embodiment, in composite pipe structure body 220, by the height with respect to supervisor 1 (length) Hm suitably sets the position of top arm 2, easily and suitably can carry out power control, so that in branch There is not local heating in upper end Ja.

Herein, with regard to the occurrence cause of specific local heating, visited in terms of the size of composite pipe structure body 220 Beg for.

When to surround melten glass G2 composite pipe structure body 220 carry out electrified regulation when, if P be heat (W), I be electricity Stream (A), R are resistance value (Ω),

Heat is produced according to formula (1)：

P=I²×R…(1)

Herein, if H be caloric value (J), T be the time (second) when,

The caloric value of production (2).

H=P T ... (2)

Now, if V is voltage (V), the electric current flowing through is formula (3).

$I=\frac{1}{R}V...\left(3\right)$

Herein, if S is the sectional area (m of conductor (conduit)²), l be the length (m) of conductor, ρ be material ratio resistance (electricity Resistance rate) (Ω m), resistance by formula (4) represent,

$R=\mathrm{\&rho;}\frac{l}{S}...\left(4\right).$

If the internal diameter of conduit (inside diameter) is D, the thickness of conduit is t, apply mechanically formula (4).

$R=\mathrm{\&rho;}\frac{l}{\{{\left(\frac{D+t}{2}\right)}^2-{\left(\frac{D}{2}\right)}^2\}\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&pi;}}=\mathrm{\&rho;}\frac{l}{(\frac{Dt}{2}+\frac{t^2}{4})\mathrm{\&pi;}}...\left(5\right)$

Herein, the thickness t of supervisor 1 and top arm 2 is about 0.1mm～about 3mm, significantly little with respect to the internal diameter D of conduit (D ＞ ＞ t), therefore, formula (5) can as lower aprons,

$R\&ap;\frac{2\mathrm{\&rho;}}{\mathrm{\&pi;}t}\&CenterDot;\frac{l}{D}...\left(6\right)$

Due to π be pi, ρ be the ratio resistance of material, t be thickness, thus " 2 ρ/π t " of formula (6) lead in whole It is constant in pipe 1,2,3.Therefore, in the composite pipe structure body 220 of present embodiment, by comparing the position that electric current flows through " l/D " ratio, resistance value R that conduit can be compared and the current value flowing through, therefore, it is possible to using the magnitude of current predict local Heating.

In the present embodiment, in order to prevent the heating in branch upper end Ja local, set multiple tube as follows The size of the size of each conduit and link position (branch location) in structure 220.It should be noted that after these sizes consider The temperature computation result stating embodiment is specified.

It should be noted that being arranged on the ring-type electricity of side end 2a, 3a of the upper end 1a of supervisor, lower end 1b, arm 2,3 The size of pole 4,5,6,7, compared with the size of the main part of the cylindrical shape of conduit 1,2,3, little to the degree that can ignore that.Cause This, the resistance of electrode 4,5,6,7 compared with the resistance of the main part of the cylindrical shape of conduit 1,2,3, little to the journey that can ignore that Degree.

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the position that the top arm 2 with respect to supervisor 1 is described.In the diagram, α represents supervisor 1 Overall, β represents that top arm 2, γ represent the branch's upper portion (than the part of branch upper end Ja more top) in supervisor 1.

In the present embodiment, in order to suitably arrange the position of top arm 2 with respect to supervisor 1, it is conceived to from supervisor 1 The position (apart from h) of upper end 1a to branch upper end Ja and carry out in the following manner specifying it is suitable.

In the present embodiment, preferably meet " 0.4 ＜ (and flow through supervisor 1 upper end 1a and branch upper end Ja between (γ) The resistance of electric current and the total/stream flowing through the resistance of electric current of (β) between the branch J of top arm 2 and side end 2a The resistance of the electric current of (α) between upper end 1a and lower end 1b through supervisor 1) ＜ 0.8 ".

Herein, by above-mentioned " [flowing through the resistance of the electric current of (γ) between the upper end 1a and branch upper end Ja of supervisor 1] and [flowing through the resistance of the electric current of (β) between the branch J of top arm 2 and side end 2a] total divided by [flowing through supervisor's 1 The resistance of the electric current of (α) between upper end 1a and lower end 1b] gained number " be defined as ratio A.

Herein, the branch J of top arm 2 refers to be responsible for the connecting portion of 1 and top arm 2.For example, in supervisor 1 along lead , in the case of supervisor 1 vertically branch, the branch J as connecting portion is sub-circular for the extension of vertical direction, top arm 2.

Ratio A is more preferably greater than 0.45, further preferably greater than 0.5.In addition, ratio A is more preferably less than 0.75, further Preferably smaller than 0.7.

As concrete example, extend along vertical in supervisor 1, top arm 2 is with respect to supervisor 1 vertically branch along water Square to extending, in the case that the electrode 6 of side end 2a is vertically arranged with respect to top arm 2, ratio A is by following formula table Show.

The height (length) of supervisor 1 is set to Hm, the internal diameter of supervisor 1 is set to length (that is, the cylinder of D1, top arm 2 The length of the bus of the side face of top arm 2 of shape) be set to L, the internal diameter of top arm 2 is set to D2, from supervisor 1 upper end 1a to In the case that the distance of the branch upper end Ja of top arm 2 is set to h, on supervisor 1, the position of setting top arm 2 can set It is set to formula (7).

In this case, it is also preferred that meeting 0.4 ＜ ratio A=((h/D1)+(L/D2))/(Hm/D1) ＜ 0.8.

Herein, top arm 2 can not be horizontally extending and obliquely arrange.In top arm 2 not along level side Obliquely arrange to extension and side end 2a electrode 6 along in the case of vertical setting it is not necessary to formula (7) It is modified.

It should be noted that ratio A is not limited to formula (7).For example, not horizontally extending and incline in top arm 2 In the case that tiltedly the electrode 6 of setting and side end 2a is not arranged along vertical, with regard to the section of top arm 2 (β) Long-pending S and length L, the angle according to branch and the different situations of the relation of the angle of end, need formula (7) to be added or subtracts The correction calculated.

Either top arm 2 level, tilt any one situation, above-mentioned ratio A all represent " [flow through supervisor 1 in The resistance of the electric current of branch's upper portion γ] and [flowing through the resistance of the electric current of top arm 2 (β)] total divided by [flowing through supervisor 1 The electric current of overall α resistance] gained ratio ".

Thus, by being set as 0.4 ＜ ratio A ＜ 0.8, can suppress, in branch upper end Ja, local heating occurs, In composite pipe structure body 220, melten glass G2 is uniformly heated, and suppress inequality to homogenize.

In addition, in this utility model, the position arranging top arm 2 in the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 preferably meets following formula.This Place, in figure 3, branch lower end Jb is the connecting portion lower end (lower comer) of supervisor 1 and top arm 2.

" 0.55 ＜ (and from supervisor 1 upper end 1a pass through be responsible for 1 flow to branch upper end Ja electric current shortest path and from Branch upper end Ja flows to top by the inner peripheral portion topmost of top arm 2 along the generatrix direction of cylindric top arm 2 Total SD/ in the path of electric current of side end 2a of arm 2 passes through supervisor 1 from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 and flows to branch lower end The shortest path of the electric current of Jb and the top passing through the inner peripheral portion foot of top arm 2 along cylindrical shape from branch lower end Jb The generatrix direction of arm 2 flows to total LD in the path of electric current of side end 2a of top arm 2) ＜ 0.77 "

Herein, above-mentioned " [is passed through to be responsible for the shortest path of 1 electric current flowing to branch upper end Ja from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 Footpath and the generatrix direction stream passing through the inner peripheral portion topmost of top arm 2 along cylindric top arm 2 from branch upper end Ja Total SD to the path of the electric current of the side end 2a of top arm 2] divided by [from supervisor 1 upper end 1a pass through be responsible for 1 flow direction The shortest path of electric current of branch lower end Jb and the inner peripheral portion foot edge circle passing through top arm 2 from branch lower end Jb The generatrix direction of the top arm 2 of tubular flows to total LD in the path of electric current of side end 2a of top arm 2] gained Ratio " is it is stipulated that be ratio B.

Because supervisor 1 essentially perpendicularly configures with respect to horizontal direction, thus electric current along basic vertical direction from supervisor 1 Upper end 1a pass through to be responsible for and 1 flow to branch upper end Ja.

In addition, when electric current is propped up by being responsible for 1 flow direction supervisor 1 and top along the direction of basic vertical from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 After the side (left or right) of connecting portion (that is, the branch J of top arm 2) of pipe 2, from the side of branch J along The circular arc of branch J flows to branch lower end Jb.

In addition, as shown in figure 4, extending along vertical in supervisor 1, top arm 2 is from the situation of supervisor 1 vertically branch Under, it is laterally that the generatrix direction of the top arm 2 of drum is horizontal direction.

Ratio B is more preferably greater than 0.60.In addition, ratio B is more preferably less than 0.70.

As concrete example, extend along vertical in supervisor 1, top arm 2 is from supervisor 1 vertically branch along level side In the case of being vertically arranged to the electrode 6 of extension, side end 2a with respect to top arm 2, in order that straight cylinder shape The length of the bus of top arm 2 is equal to length L of top arm 2, ratio B can be set as formula (8).

In this case, it is also preferred that meeting 0.55 ＜ ratio B=(h+L)/(h+ (5/4) D2+L) ＜ 0.77.

It should be noted that as shown in figure 4, by the electric current of path SD (h+L) pass through to be responsible for 1 and top arm 2 point Branch upper end Ja, passes through branch lower end Jb by the electric current of path LD (h+ (5/4) D2+L).

Herein, top arm 2 can not also be horizontally extending and obliquely arrange.In top arm 2 not along level Direction extend and obliquely arrange and side end 2a electrode 6 along in the case of vertical setting, when propping up as top The bus of the side end 2a of the circle of the bottom surface of the cylinder of pipe 2 and periphery tilt during intersecting oblique drum it is not necessary to Formula (8) is modified.

It should be noted that ratio B is not limited to formula (8).For example, not horizontally extending and incline in top arm 2 In the case that tiltedly the electrode 6 of setting and side end 2a is not arranged along vertical, with regard to the length of top arm 2 (β) L, the angle according to branch and the different situations of the relation of the angle of end, need formula (8) to be added or subtracted the correction of calculation. Situation for example, tilting and cutting and connect by the straight cylinder shape making the bus of bottom surface and periphery squarely intersect etc..

Thus, ratio B represents and " [passes through to be responsible for the shortest of 1 electric current flowing to branch upper end Ja from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 Path and the generatrix direction passing through the inner peripheral portion topmost of top arm 2 along cylindric top arm 2 from branch upper end Ja Flow to total SD in the path of electric current of side end 2a of top arm 2] divided by [from supervisor 1 upper end 1a pass through be responsible for 1 stream Pass through the inner peripheral portion foot edge of top arm 2 to the shortest path of the electric current of branch lower end Jb with from branch lower end Jb The generatrix direction of cylindric top arm 2 flows to total LD in the path of electric current of side end 2a of top arm 2] gained Ratio ".Ratio B comprises situation (the straight cylinder shape for the situation (situation of straight cylinder shape) of level and inclination for the top arm 2 Shape, the situation of oblique drum) both.

Thus, by being set as 0.55 ＜ ratio B ＜ 0.77, can suppress top within the pipe in top arm 2 and The generation of the temperature difference of lower section, the generation of the temperature difference of melten glass G2 in suppression composite pipe structure body 220.

The ratio A when size in changing composite pipe structure body 220, the set location of top arm 2, the change of B Relation is as follows.

From supervisor 1 upper end 1a to the branch upper end Ja of top arm 2 apart from h elongated when, ratio A, ratio B all become Greatly.

During the height Hm step-down of supervisor 1, ratio B keeps constant, but because the ratio of branch upper section β becomes big, because And ratio A becomes big.

When length L of top arm 2 is elongated, ratio A, ratio B all become big.

Changing in the case of the size of h and height Hm etc. more than 2, according to the ratio of this change, ratio A, ratio Rate B interlocks change.

In the case of meeting aforementioned proportion and setting catheter length, supervisor 1 height Hm be preferably 500mm～ 3000mm, length L of top arm 2 are preferably 50mm～1500mm.Height Hm is more preferably more than 800mm, further preferably For more than 1100mm.In addition, height Hm is more preferably below 2700mm, more preferably below 2400mm.Length L is more preferably For more than 150mm, more preferably more than 250mm.In addition, length L is more preferably below 1300mm, more preferably Below 1100mm.When the height Hm of supervisor 1 is below 3000mm, the resistance of the electric current of supervisor 1 is suppressed, can be to melten glass G2 fully heats.In addition, when length L of top arm 2 is below 1500mm, the resistance of the electric current of top arm 2 is suppressed, energy Enough melten glass G2 is fully heated.

In addition, the internal diameter D1 of supervisor 1 is preferably 50mm～500mm.Internal diameter D1 is more preferably more than 100mm, excellent further Elect more than 150mm as.In addition, internal diameter D1 is more preferably below 450mm, more preferably below 400mm.

In order to top arm 2 is arranged on the top (top from half) of supervisor 1, the internal diameter D2 of top arm 2 needs Shorter than the half of the height Hm of supervisor, the internal diameter D2 of top arm 2 is preferably 50mm～500mm.Internal diameter D2 is more preferably More than 100mm, more preferably more than 150mm.In addition, internal diameter D2 is more preferably below 450mm, is more preferably Below 400mm.

In order to top arm 2 being arranged on the top (top from half) of supervisor 1, supreme from the upper end 1a of supervisor 1 The branch upper end Ja of portion's arm 2 apart from h need than supervisor 1 height Hm half short, apart from h be preferably 50mm～ 500mm.It is more preferably more than 100mm, more preferably more than 150mm apart from h.In addition, apart from h be more preferably 450mm with Under, more preferably below 400mm.

Apart from h too short when, top arm 2 with supervisor 1 upper end 1a close, therefore in the transport of melten glass G2 may It is involved in bubble；Apart from h long when, the temperature of branch upper end Ja easily rises, therefore pass through set appropriately distance h, can The generation of suppression unfavorable condition.

In addition, in glass manufacturing apparatus, the supervisor 1 of composite pipe structure body 220 can be provided for stirring melting The agitator of glass G2.In the case of setting agitator in supervisor 1, it is possible to increase the state of melten glass G2 (temperature, uniformly Property etc.) homogenization.

It should be noted that in above-mentioned composition viewed from above, bottom arm 3 is arranged on and top on supervisor 1 On the side of arm 2 opposition side.On the opposition side that top arm 2 and bottom arm 3 do not need be arranged on 180 degree it is also possible to The mode forming more than 45 degree of predetermined angular is arranged.

In addition, in above-mentioned, illustrate the situation from supervisor 1 flatly branch for the arm 2,3, but do not hang down in arm 2,3 In straight scope, can be from supervisor 1 obliquely branch.In this case, it is also preferred that being constituted in the way of meeting above-mentioned ratio Composite pipe structure body 220.

＜ the 2nd embodiment ＞

In the present embodiment, the inside in the melten glass vehicle 20 being represented by Fig. 1 is arranged side by side 2 above-mentioned The situation of melten glass heater illustrates.

Fig. 5 represents the system 200 with melten glass heater of the 2nd embodiment of the present utility model.

As the composition of Fig. 3, the composite pipe structure body 220 of the melten glass heater 210 recorded in the left side of Fig. 5 In, bottom arm 3 be by melten glass G2 import supervisor 1 entrance side ingress pipe, top arm 2 be by melten glass G2 from The discharge pipe of supervisor 1 discharge.

In the composite pipe structure body 250 of the 2nd melten glass heater 240, top arm 2R is by from top arm 2 The melten glass G2 discharging imports the ingress pipe of the entrance side of supervisor 1R, and bottom arm 3R is by the melten glass by being responsible for 1R The pipe of the outlet side that G2 discharges.The side end 2c of top arm 2R is with the top arm with the 1st melten glass heater 210 The relative mode of 2 side end 2a configures.

In the present embodiment, in electrified regulation portion 230 and the 2nd melten glass of the 1st melten glass heater 210 In the electrified regulation portion 260 of heater 240, it is respectively provided with current balancing unit 25,25R, therefore, it is possible to independent control energising Heating.

The melten glass heater (system) of embodiment of the present utility model is not limited to floating shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Method is it is also possible to be applied to fusion method or the manufacture method of other glass article.

In addition, using the glass manufactured by glass manufacturing apparatus being equipped with melten glass heater of the present utility model Article are not limited to glass plate or variously-shaped.

More than, the embodiment etc. for melten glass heater is illustrated, but this utility model is not limited to Above-mentioned embodiment etc., in the range of this utility model main idea that claims are recorded, can carry out various modifications, change Good.

Embodiment

For above-mentioned melten glass heater, change size, and calculate multiple tube by simulating (FInite Element) The surface temperature of structure.Following example 1～examples 7 are embodiment, example 8～example 10 is comparative example.

＜ example 1～10 ＞

In example 1, the size of each several part in melten glass heater is set as follows.

Supervisor height Hm：1000mm

Supervisor internal diameter D1：200mm

Prop up length of tube L：450mm

Prop up bore D2：200mm

Supervisor upper end and arm upper end are apart from h：220mm

In example 2～10, the dimension modifying by each several part in the melten glass heater of example 1 is as shown in Figure 6.

In the table of fig. 6, T0 represents that the temperature of central part of supervisor 1, T1 represent the top (branch's upper portion γ) of supervisor 1 Temperature, T2 represent supervisor 1 with temperature T2 of branch upper end (corner) Ja of top arm 2 and T3 represent be responsible for 1 with upper The temperature of branch lower end (corner) Jb of portion's arm 2.

It should be noted that the central part calculating the supervisor 1 of temperature T0 refers to be responsible for the lead of about half of 1 height Hm The position in vertical direction.

According to Fig. 6, when ratio A is 0.33 (example 8), 1.41 (example 9), the central part of supervisor 1 and branch's upper portion γ, point The temperature difference ＜ T1-T0 ＞ of branch upper end Ja, ＜ T2-T0 ＞ are respectively more than 20 DEG C.In addition, when ratio A is 0.80 (example 10), The central part of supervisor 1 and branch upper end Ja, the temperature difference ＜ T2-T0 ＞ of branch lower end Jb, ＜ T3-T0 ＞ is respectively more than 20 ℃.

Therefore, ratio A is preferably greater than 0.4 and is less than 0.8.

In addition, according to Fig. 6, when ratio B is 0.44 (example 8), 0.77 (example 9), being responsible for 1 central part and branch's upper portion γ, the temperature difference ＜ T1-T0 ＞ of branch upper end Ja, ＜ T2-T0 ＞ are respectively more than 20 DEG C.In addition, being 0.90 (example in ratio B 10), when, the central part of supervisor 1 is with branch upper end Ja, the temperature difference ＜ T2-T0 ＞ of branch lower end Jb, ＜ T3-T0 ＞ respectively More than 20 DEG C.

Therefore, ratio B is preferably greater than 0.55 and is less than 0.77.

In addition, when being sized, in above-mentioned ratio A, the scope of ratio B, further preferably meeting above-mentioned two Individual scope.

In the case of two scopes meeting ratio A, ratio B, as shown in example 1～example 7, can reduce in supervisor 1 Centre portion and branch's upper portion γ, branch upper end Ja, the temperature difference ＜ T1-T0 ＞ of branch lower end Jb, ＜ T2-T0 ＞, ＜ T3- T0 ＞, is preferred.

Industrial applicability

Melten glass heater of the present utility model can be whole to the supervisor being included in composite pipe structure body and arm Body electrified regulation to desired temperature just, therefore, it is possible to be applied to the melten glass in glass manufacturing apparatus stream logical Electrical heating.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of melten glass heater, it is to have to allow the composite pipe structure body that passes through of melten glass and to this multiple tube The melten glass heater in the electrified regulation portion of structure electrified regulation, wherein,

Described composite pipe structure body has the supervisor essentially perpendicularly extending with respect to horizontal direction, the upper side in described supervisor Side from described supervisor branch top arm and the bottom side of described supervisor from described supervisor branch bottom arm；

Described electrified regulation portion have the upper end being arranged on described supervisor the 1st electrode, be arranged on described supervisor lower end the 2nd Electrode and be arranged on described top arm side end the 3rd electrode, shape between described 1st electrode and described 2nd electrode Become the 1st electric current feed path having supply electric current, be formed with supply electric current between described 1st electrode and described 3rd electrode 2nd electric current feed path；

In described composite pipe structure body, (flowed through between the described upper end of described supervisor and branch upper end with meeting 0.4 ＜ The resistance of electric current and flow through add up to/flowing through of the resistance of electric current between the branch of described top arm and described side end The resistance of the electric current between the described upper end of described supervisor and described lower end) ＜ 0.8 mode, on described supervisor, configuration is described Top arm.

2. melten glass heater according to claim 1, wherein, in described composite pipe structure body, on described Portion's arm from described supervisor essentially perpendicularly in the case of branch, and by described supervisor from described upper end to described lower end Height be set to Hm, internal diameter is set to D1, the length of described top arm is set to L, internal diameter is set to D2, by the institute from described supervisor State upper end to described top arm described branch upper end distance be set to h in the case of, with meet 0.4 ＜ ((h/D1)+ (L/D2))/(Hm/D1) mode of ＜ 0.8, configures described top arm on described supervisor.

3. melten glass heater according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in described composite pipe structure body, to meet 0.55 ＜ (flowed to by described supervisor from the described upper end of described supervisor the electric current of described branch upper end shortest path and From the bus side by the cylindric described top arm in the inner peripheral portion topmost edge of described top arm for the described branch upper end To the electric current of the described side end flowing to described top arm path total/pass through institute from the described upper end of described supervisor State supervisor flow to branch lower end the shortest path of electric current and from described branch lower end the inner circumferential by described top arm The described generatrix direction of the described top arm along cylindrical shape for portion's foot flows to the described side end of described top arm The path of electric current total) mode of ＜ 0.77, configure described top arm in the described upper end of described supervisor.

4. melten glass heater according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in described composite pipe structure body, described Top arm is in the case of described supervisor essentially perpendicularly branch, and the length of described top arm is being set to L, internal diameter It is set to D2, the distance of the described branch upper end of described upper end to the described top arm from described supervisor is set to the situation of h Under, in the way of meeting 0.55 ＜ (h+L)/(h+ (5/4) D2+L) ＜ 0.77, on the described upper end configuration of described supervisor is described Portion's arm.

5. melten glass heater according to claim 2, wherein, described supervisor from described upper end to described lower end Height Hm be 500mm～3000mm.

6. melten glass heater according to claim 2, wherein, length L of described top arm be 50mm～ 1500mm.

7. melten glass heater according to claim 2, wherein, the internal diameter D1 of described supervisor is 50mm～500mm.

8. melten glass heater according to claim 2, wherein, the internal diameter D2 of described top arm be 50mm～ 500mm, and shorter than the half of the height Hm of described supervisor.

9. melten glass heater according to claim 2, wherein, from upper end to the described top arm of described supervisor Branch upper end apart from h be 50mm～500mm, and shorter than the half of the height Hm of described supervisor.

10. melten glass heater according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, it is described that described electrified regulation portion has regulation The current balancing unit of the electric current of circulation in 1st electric current feed path and described 2nd electric current feed path.

11. melten glass heaters according to claim 10, wherein, are arranged on described 1st electric current feed path There is the 1st power supply, described 2nd electric current feed path is provided with the 2nd power supply, described current balancing unit adjusts described 1st electricity The phase place of the electric current of source and described 2nd power supply.

12. melten glass heaters according to claim 10, wherein, described heater have be arranged on described under 4th electrode of the side end of portion's arm,

Form the 3rd of supply electric current the between described 2nd electrode and described 4th electrode of the described lower end being arranged on described supervisor Electric current feed path；

Described current balancing unit adjusts described 1st electric current feed path, described 2nd electric current feed path and described 3rd electric current The electric current of circulation in feed path.

13. melten glass heaters according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described composite pipe structure body is platinum system or platinum Alloy system.

A kind of 14. glass manufacturing apparatus, it comprises the melten glass heater any one of claim 1～13.

15. glass manufacturing apparatus according to claim 14, wherein, this glass manufacturing apparatus comprises by described melten glass The 1st melten glass heater and the 2nd melten glass heater that heater is constituted；

In described 1st melten glass heater, described bottom arm is the pipe of the entrance side importing described melten glass；

In described 2nd melten glass heater, described bottom arm is the pipe of the outlet side discharging described melten glass, institute The described side end stating top arm is with the described side end with the described top arm of described 1st melten glass heater The relative mode in portion configures.