CN205898297U - Interfere imaging spectrometer and interferometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an interfere imaging spectrometer and interferometer interferes imaging spectrometer to include leading formation of image objective, interferometer, formation of image coupling mirror and photoelectric detector, the interferometer includes two the same isosceles trapezoid prisms, and glue together two isosceles trapezoid's lower bottom surface, and the face that glues together mutually is beam splitting face, two isosceles trapezoid's last bottom surface is the plane of reflection, among 4 girdle facet of two isosceles trapezoid prisms, wherein adjacent two girdle facet are two incident ends of interferometer, and two girdle facet are two exit ends of interferometer in addition. This kind interferes imaging spectrometer sensitivity high, and compact structure easily realizes the high spatial resolution light path, and easy realization width covers the formation of image, and the incident and the emitting face of dual -port can be realized the full aperture calibration of full visual field and need not the increase assisting the light path to can adopt double detector to receive the extension that realizes the spectral coverage or adopt the formation of image of inferior pixel technology super -resolution, the interferometer prism has the advantage of easy realization processing and assembly.

Description

Inteference imaging spectrometer and interferometer

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of interference spectrum imaging technique, namely Fourier trasform spectroscopy imaging technique, specifically relates to And a kind of inteference imaging spectrometer and interferometer.

Background technology

Interference spectrum imaging technique can be divided into pupil face to interfere and image plane interference two types from principle, the allusion quotation that pupil face is interfered Type technology is space modulation interfered spectrum imager technology, is characterized in that a width interference pattern can obtain the spectrum of measured target, its Spectral information is not affected by the attitude of carrying platform, and this light path principle is to be collimated to the energy spread from object scene unit In pupil plane, so that its sensitivity is restricted.

The know-why of image plane interference can be divided into equal inclination interference imaging based on parallel light path again and based on intermediate image plane and The equal thickness interference imaging of Path of Convergent Rays, to have the highly sensitive typical case of high flux excellent due to it for both interference spectrum imaging techniques Gesture becomes the hot technology studied in the world at present.

Heavy caliber static interference spectral imaging technology is also called based on the equal inclination interference technology of parallel light path, this technology exists Realize there is larger volume and weight during high spatial resolution imaging, its light path is difficult to the requirement of wide covering.

The typical technology of the equal thickness interference light spectrum image-forming based on intermediate image plane has and employs reflecting surface and have the fixing angle of wedge Block prism Michelson's interferometer, its optical routing pre-objective becomes with multiplying power coupling imaging microscope group, and interferometer is positioned over centre At image planes, this light path has the characteristics that compact conformation, it is easy to accomplish high spatial resolution light path.

The typical technology of the equal thickness interference light spectrum image-forming based on Path of Convergent Rays adopts modified horse used in Path of Convergent Rays Conspicuous-Zehnder interferometer, its imaging optical path is only made up of image-forming objective lens and interferometer, and interferometer is by two groups of beam splitters and two group two Secondary reflection compensator forms, it is easy to accomplish wide covering is imaged.Mach-Zehnder interferometer has distinct double light path light splitting type Formula, has the characteristics that dual-port input and output, can conveniently be configured like the detection demand of light path, such as can directly realize in the optical path Full filed full aperture is calibrated and need not be increased auxiliary optical path, and can realize the extension of spectral coverage or using sub- using double detector reception Pixel technology realizes super-resolution imaging, but because this interferometer structural shape itself is complicated, processing is big with integration techno logy difficulty, Application is made to receive restriction.

Utility model content

The utility model proposes a kind of inteference imaging spectrometer of the new structural shape based on intermediate image plane and interferometer, The core of this inteference imaging spectrometer is a kind of simply double isosceles trapezoid prism interferometer of structure, is identical by two pieces Isosceles trapezoid prism gluing forms in opposite directions, this interferometer structure pattern is simple, has incidence and the exit facet of dual-port.

This inteference imaging spectrometer has the technological merit of above-mentioned interference imaging concurrently, and its sensitivity is high, compact conformation it is easy to Realize high spatial resolution light path, it is easy to accomplish wide covering imaging, the incidence of dual-port and exit facet can achieve full filed complete opening Footpath is calibrated and need not be increased auxiliary optical path, and can realize the extension of spectral coverage or real using sub-pixed mapping technology using double detector reception Existing super-resolution imaging, interferometer prism has the advantages that to be easily achieved processing and assembles.

The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

Inteference imaging spectrometer, it is characterized in that including preposition image-forming objective lens, interferometer, imaging coupling mirror and light Electric explorer；

Described interferometer includes two pieces of identical isosceles trapezoid prisms, and the bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is glued, mutually glued Face be beam-splitting surface；The upper bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is reflecting surface；In 4 central planes of two pieces of isosceles trapezoid prisms, wherein phase Two adjacent central planes are the incidence end of interferometer, and another two central plane is the exit end of interferometer；

Described preposition image-forming objective lens collect the position of focal plane being derived from the energy of object scene and imaging in preposition image-forming objective lens； Described interferometer is located at described position of focal plane and incidence end is towards preposition image-forming objective lens, and the picture of object scene produces after interferometer Green tape has the target image of interference fringe；Described imaging coupling mirror is located on the emitting light path of interferometer and will be with interference bar The target image of line images on described photodetector.

The base angle of above-mentioned isosceles trapezoid prism is 45 °.

The a length of a of waist of above-mentioned isosceles trapezoid prism, go to the bottom a length of b, a and b meets

Bottom and there is the angle of wedge that angle is α between going to the bottom on above-mentioned isosceles trapezoid prism, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located at upper bottom Center.

Optical path difference δ of above-mentioned interference instrument=4n α y；

Wherein, n is the refractive index of interferometer prism material；

Y is the image height of imaging at preposition image-forming objective lens for the object scene.

The image height y ' that target image with interference fringe is imaged image planes spectrum dimension on photodetector meets equation below:

Y '=β y；

Wherein, β is the vertical axle magnifying power of imaging coupling mirror.

A kind of interferometer, it is characterized in that

Described interferometer includes two pieces of identical isosceles trapezoid prisms, and the bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is glued, mutually glued Face be beam-splitting surface；The upper bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is reflecting surface；In 4 central planes of two pieces of isosceles trapezoid prisms, wherein phase Two adjacent central planes are the incidence end of interferometer, and another two central plane is the exit end of interferometer；

The base angle of described isosceles trapezoid prism is 45 °；

The a length of a of waist of described isosceles trapezoid prism, go to the bottom a length of b, a and b meets

Bottom and there is the angle of wedge that angle is α between going to the bottom on described isosceles trapezoid prism, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located at upper bottom Center.

Optical path difference δ of above-mentioned interference instrument=4n α y；

Wherein, n is the refractive index of interferometer prism material；

The angle of wedge that α exists for bottom on isosceles trapezoid prism and between going to the bottom, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located at the center at upper bottom；

Y is the image height of the image being incident to interferometer.

One incidence end of above-mentioned interference instrument is set to calibrate port, and an exit end arranges imaging optical path, when another When exit end is also provided with imaging optical path, this two exit ends can match each other, and realize sub-pixed mapping super-resolution and detect.

Of the present utility model have following technical effect that

Interferometer of the present utility model has incidence and the exit facet of dual-port, and interferometer prism has full symmetric knot Configuration formula, it is easy to accomplish aplanatism position, facilitates implementation processing and debugs, and can conveniently configure and expand imaging optical path and measuring appliance Part, has structural shape simply, is easy to process and debug, capacity usage ratio is high, it is easy to accomplish wide cut designs, and can achieve sub- picture First super-resolution detects, it is easy to accomplish full light path calibration, thus can achieve better performance index.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is image-forming principle schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of isosceles trapezoid interferometer；

Fig. 3 is interference imaging principle schematic diagram；

Fig. 4 is isosceles trapezoid prism.

The preposition image-forming objective lens of 1-, 2- interferometer, 3- is imaged coupling mirror, 4- photodetector, 5- first component, 6- second Part, 7- third member.

Specific embodiment

As shown in figure 1, interferometer has tetra- end faces of a, b, c, d, two incident end faces and two outgoing can be arranged respectively to End face, preposition image-forming objective lens 1 are collected the energy from object scene and are imaged in image planes, isosceles trapezoid prism interferometer 2 positions (i.e. the position of focal plane of preposition image-forming objective lens) being positioned over image planes, the imaging light of object scene is incident to interference Incidence end a of instrument, is divided into two-way after the beam-splitting surface of interferometer, respectively again through beam-splitting surface after the reflecting surface of interferometer Merge, the two-beam after merging produces lateral shear, and produce interference an image planes position, by the corresponding exit end of interferometer D outgoing, images in photodetector 4 through imaging coupling mirror 3 below and is received.

Second component 6 on the first component 5 of the incidence end b input path on interferometer and the emitting light path of exit end c, And third member 7 can be arranged in such a way: first component 5, second component 6, third member 7 can be arranged respectively to fixed , to extend the performance indications of instrument, here, 5 can be arranged to calibrate part it is also possible to be arranged to for mark port or imaging port An other road optical imagery light path, second component 6, third member 7 can be set to imaging viewing field extension light path it is also possible to be arranged to Band extension light path, third member 7 may be alternatively provided as detector, this detector and photodetector 4 can matched design to realize Sub-pixed mapping super-resolution detects.

As shown in Fig. 2 preposition image-forming objective lens are collected from object scene incident wavefront w via quilt after the beam-splitting surface of interferometer Focus on separately and respectively (an image planes position, Fig. 2 show point position on axle) at reflecting surface o1 and o2 of interferometer, interfere Instrument speculum has an angle of wedge with respect to beam-splitting surface, again passes by shape after beam-splitting surface after the reflection of separate two-beam reflected mirror Become outgoing corrugated w1 and w2 of two bundle lateral shears, emerging wavefront w2 also can regard the virtual image that picture point o2 produces via beam-splitting surface as Point o2 ' sends, then two picture points of o1o2 ' produce interference modulations.

As shown in figure 3, image planes formed by preposition image-forming objective lens form two void of lateral shear after interferometer Object plane t1, t2, this two virtual object faces produce along shear direction to interfere and form interference pattern, and interference pattern and imaging surface are via imaging coupling Mirror re-imaging is on photodetector, thus realizing the imaging detection with image plane interference figure.

It is assumed that the reflecting surface of interferometer is α with respect to the angle of wedge of beam-splitting surface, and reflecting surface is point o1 and o2 point on axle Rotation, its optical path difference δ is distributed as:

δ=4n α y

There is y '=β y for image planes

Wherein n is the refractive index of interferometer prism material, and y is the picture of imaging at preposition image-forming objective lens for the object scene Height, β is the vertical axle magnifying power of imaging coupling mirror, and y ' is the image height of photodetector imaging surface spectrum dimension, the position of zero optical path difference At o1 point, interference pattern is perpendicular to the linear fringe (namely interference fringe is perpendicular to paper direction) of shear direction.Instrument Push away along interference pattern direction and sweep acquisition object scene and interfere graphic sequence, by the Fourier transformation acquisition object scene to interference pattern Spectrogram, thus realizing interference spectrum imaging detection.

As shown in figure 4, the size relationship of the isosceles trapezoid prism of an optimization version, two sides of isosceles trapezoid Face is in 90 ° at 45 ° with bottom surface, and side end face size a and bed-plate dimension b have a following relation:

$b=2\sqrt{2}a.$

Claims (9)

1. inteference imaging spectrometer it is characterised in that: include preposition image-forming objective lens, interferometer, imaging coupling mirror and photodetection Device；

Described interferometer includes two pieces of identical isosceles trapezoid prisms, and the bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is glued, mutually glued face For beam-splitting surface；The upper bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is reflecting surface；In 4 central planes of two pieces of isosceles trapezoid prisms, wherein adjacent Two central planes are two incidence end of interferometer, and another two central plane is two exit ends of interferometer；

Described preposition image-forming objective lens collect the position of focal plane being derived from the energy of object scene and imaging in preposition image-forming objective lens；Described Interferometer is located at position of focal plane and an incidence end is towards preposition image-forming objective lens, and the picture of object scene produces band after interferometer There is the target image of interference fringe；Described imaging coupling mirror is located on the emitting light path of interferometer and by with interference fringe Target image images on described photodetector.

2. inteference imaging spectrometer according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: the base angle of described isosceles trapezoid prism is 45°.

3. inteference imaging spectrometer according to claim 2 it is characterised in that: a length of a of waist of described isosceles trapezoid prism, Go to the bottom a length of b, a and b meets

4. the inteference imaging spectrometer according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 it is characterised in that: bottom on described isosceles trapezoid prism And there is the angle of wedge that angle is α between going to the bottom, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located at the center at upper bottom.

5. inteference imaging spectrometer according to claim 4 it is characterised in that:

Optical path difference δ of described interferometer=4n α y；

Wherein, n is the refractive index of interferometer prism material；

Y is the image height of imaging at preposition image-forming objective lens for the object scene.

6. inteference imaging spectrometer according to claim 5 it is characterised in that: the target image with interference fringe is in light On electric explorer, the image height y ' of imaging image planes spectrum dimension meets equation below:

Y '=β y；

Wherein, b is the vertical axle magnifying power of imaging coupling mirror.

7. a kind of interferometer it is characterised in that:

Described interferometer includes two pieces of identical isosceles trapezoid prisms, and the bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is glued, mutually glued face For beam-splitting surface；The upper bottom surface of two pieces of isosceles trapezoids is reflecting surface；In 4 central planes of two pieces of isosceles trapezoid prisms, wherein adjacent Two central planes are two incidence end of interferometer, and another two central plane is two exit ends of interferometer；

The base angle of described isosceles trapezoid prism is 45 °；

The a length of a of waist of described isosceles trapezoid prism, go to the bottom a length of b, a and b meets

Bottom and there is the angle of wedge that angle is α between going to the bottom on described isosceles trapezoid prism, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located in upper bottom The heart.

8. interferometer according to claim 7 it is characterised in that:

Optical path difference δ of described interferometer=4n α y；

Wherein, n is the refractive index of interferometer prism material；

The angle of wedge that α exists for bottom on isosceles trapezoid prism and between going to the bottom, the point of rotation of the angle of wedge is located at the center at upper bottom；

Y is the image height of the image being incident to interferometer.

9. interferometer according to claim 8 it is characterised in that: an incidence end of described interferometer be set to calibrate end Mouthful, an exit end arranges imaging optical path.