CN205856587U - A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun - Google Patents
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun Download PDFInfo
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- CN205856587U CN205856587U CN201620336410.8U CN201620336410U CN205856587U CN 205856587 U CN205856587 U CN 205856587U CN 201620336410 U CN201620336410 U CN 201620336410U CN 205856587 U CN205856587 U CN 205856587U
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Abstract
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun.Belong to metal dust and the flame spray device of metal ceramic powder and technical field.This utility model have employed hollow tungsten cathode outer surface ring-type starting the arc direct current plasma heating and two new techniques of axial powder feed mechanism through argon arc heart portion, the negative pressuren zone of electric arc and the position of powder feeding mechanism is make use of to coordinate, powder spray gun of the present utility model is made to not only increase the stability worked long hours, ensure that the uniformity of metal powder granulates heating-up temperature, the uniformity of jet velocity and the stability of sprayed coating quality simultaneously.Another due to the change of lance body structure, make the technical applications of this rifle substantially expand, it is contemplated that the most high-tech development will can be played useful contribution.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to metal dust and the flame spray device of metal ceramic powder and technical field, it is provided that one
Plant the direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun of new structure, can high-quality guarantee metal dust and metal ceramic powder flame-spraying
The quality of layer and the stability of technique.Expand the technical applications of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun.
Background technology
The literature search of nearly 40 years understand structure that the key problem of flame gun of metal dust is exactly flame gun and
Technical parameter control problem, the development history of whole metal powder painting technology is actually the development history of flame gun.In early days
Flame gun grown up by oxygen-acetylene gas welding gun, the thermal-flame of this spray gun is by the oxy-acetylene of certain pressure
The high temperature gas flame formed after mixed gas burning, forms high temperature, a high pressure, at a high speed (temperature in the nozzle front of spray gun
Up to more than 3500 DEG C, speed is up to 30～40 meter per seconds) Spatial distributions air mass.
Initially people utilize the deadweight of metal powder granulates, and metal powder is sent directly into the high temperature and high speed flame of horizontal-jet
In, find really can be melted rapidly by a lot of metallic particles, and with the substrate of higher speed (kinetic energy) jet deposition to steel
Surface thus complete the technology requirement of sprayed coating.Recently as scientific and technological progress, new flame gun also grows a lot, successively
Occur in that based on different fuel system such as flame guns such as oxygen-natural gas, oxygen-alkanes gas, oxygen-ethanol, oxygen-hydrogen, this
The thermal source of a little torch flame is all heated by gas fuel burning liberated heat, wherein with H2-O2Flame temperature is the highest.
Set about the direct current argon arc plasma torch spray gun of researching DC electric arc heated since nineteen sixty both at home and abroad, developed
Go out the multiple product of different model series.Main flow can the plasma spraying equipment of industrial applications
The series of products of first-elected oerlikonmetco (section of Oerlikon U.S.) company, the outer powder feeding spray gun product type of the many moneys of domestic each producer
All imitated on the basis of its F4MB-XL, 9MB, 3MB, SinplexPro, TriplexPro etc..And can industrial applications
The models such as the spray gun SG-100 being mainly PRAXAIR company being known as internal powder conveying, its automatic powder feeding system mostly actually is plasma arc
Radially powder feeding after focus point.
For technological requirement, the powder spray gun as metal powder painting equipment have to meet techniques below requirement: 1.
The powder particle being melted must all be heated fusing, and heating temperature is uniform.2. the granule being melted is in high-speed flame
Must be able to obtain the most identical injection (moving) speed.3. the atmosphere in flame must assure that metal dust will not occur not
The chemical reaction (such as oxidation, carbonization, nitridation) needed.The most do not allow more than 5% (quality) mark supercool (△ t=30 DEG C～
35 DEG C) granule entrance spraying area, to ensure the sintering uniformity (consistent in density, flawless) of coating alloy, and ensure knot of tissue
The uniformity of structure.
Examine or check existing flame gun, it can be seen that do not have any spray gun to meet according to above-mentioned requirements simultaneously
Above-mentioned four requirements, its reason is mainly above-mentioned all spray guns and all there are two fatal defects: 1. do not find and utilization etc. from
The available feature of subarc negative pressuren zone, but in all using the flame after plasma arc focus point or flame outer radial powder feeding side
Formula, all metal dusts can not completely extend across flame kernel high-temperature region, it is difficult to ensures that all granules uniformly heat in flame, and
Obtain roughly the same movement velocity simultaneously；2. the conveying mechanism of powder is it cannot be guaranteed that continuously, powder is sent by quantitative (Grams Per Minute)
Enter the negative pressuren zone to flame kernel, therefore be difficult to ensure that steady quality and the temperature stabilization of drop in vaporific injection cone.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, this utility model, on the basis of 50 years of researches, develops a kind of new structure
Direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun.
Utility model content
This utility model purpose is to solve in using the flame after plasma arc focus point in the middle of prior art or fire
Flame outer radial automatic powder feeding system, all metal dusts can not completely extend across flame kernel high-temperature region, it is difficult to ensures that all granules are at fire
Flame uniformly heats, and obtains the conveying mechanism of roughly the same movement velocity and powder it cannot be guaranteed that continuously simultaneously, quantitative
Powder is sent to the negative pressuren zone of flame kernel by (Grams Per Minute), thus be difficult to ensure that in vaporific injection cone the steady quality of drop and
The problem of temperature stabilization.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, by water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode system, gun body, combined anode, flame spray
The insulated part of rifle, the cored screw powder feeder five part composition of flame gun, have employed outside water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode simultaneously
Surface loop electric arc heated method and through two new techniques of axial powder feed mechanism in the axially i.e. flame in argon arc heart portion, in design
Middle by curve clearance employing Lavalle tubular fluidic channel design the most close for male-female, utilize in axial powder feed mechanism designs
The negative pressuren zone of electric arc and the discharging opening optimum position of powder feeding mechanism coordinate, and use powder spray gun of the present utility model, not only improve
The stability of work and coating quality stability, and expand the technical applications of powder spray gun.
Water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode system is drawn electrical connection plate by upper box nut, fastening nut A, water cooling tube, negative electrode, is fastened spiral shell
Female B, end face cooling chamber, negative electrode water-cooled conduit, hollow tungsten cathode are constituted.
Wherein negative electrode water-cooled conduit is internal water-cooling sandwich and end face cooling chamber has water route to communicate, under negative electrode water-cooled conduit
There are internal thread hole and hollow tungsten cathode screw threads for fastening in portion, and the heart portion of negative electrode water-cooled conduit is provided with through hole and hollow tungsten cathode along axis
Heart portion through hole through, this through hole is the work space of powder feeder；
Upper box nut is used for fixing the downcomer of powder feeder；Fasten nut A to be used for coupling and fastening negative electrode drawing electrical connection plate；
The two pieces water cooling tube of symmetric position is connected with end face cooling chamber and negative electrode water-cooled conduit；Negative electrode draws electrical connection plate in order to introduce 500
～700A heavy DC is electric and makees negative pole；Fasten nut B and be used for compressing water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe and the insulation board on end face cooling chamber top
Between gas leakage gap；End face cooling chamber, is used for reducing the operating temperature of negative electrode gun body operating room and insulation board.
Gun body is by clamping bolt, O-ring seals A, water jacket upper flange, water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe, gun body water jacket urceolus, gun body water jacket
Cylinder, gun body water jacket lower flange, O-ring seals B are constituted. and clamping bolt is gun body to be fixed on insulation board, and by compressing rifle
Body seals O A to ensure that work argon does not leaks outside；O-ring seals B effect is ibid；Clamping bolt, water jacket upper flange, turnover
Water pipe, gun body water jacket urceolus, gun body water jacket inner core, the combined welding of gun body water jacket lower flange, form complete gun body water collar；
Its function mainly reduces gun body inner cathode, anode and each sealing ring, the temperature of insulation board with ensure gun body can continuous long time
Between work.
In combined anode is drawn electrical connection set, anode pedestal, water-cooled water inlet pipe, water-cooled copper anode, flame by anode, drop sprays
Pencil outlet pipe, water-cooled outlet pipe are constituted；Anode draws what electrical connection set was pure copper material, is used for coupling also fixed anode external
Line plate, welds with anode pedestal or hot pressing dress couples；Water-cooled water inlet pipe and outlet pipe pass through to weld or pipe spiral shell with water-cooled copper anode
Stricture of vagina connects composition water-cooled nozzle；The water-cooled copper anode upper design in anode pedestal heart portion has one section of closely-pitched pipe screw shell, is used for
Fixing with the thread connection of gun body lower flange, the hypomere at pipe screw shell leaves the direct tube section of certain altitude, is used for and gun body
O-ring seals form radially slideable sealing.
The insulated part of flame gun by insulation board, be dielectrically separated from circle, 0 shape sealing ring C, 0 shape sealing ring D are constituted；Insulation
Plate is polycarbonate or nylon or politef material, in order to be insulated male-female pole；0 shape sealing ring C is at negative electrode M30 hypomere
With between water inlet pipe, 0 shape sealing ring D is between outlet pipe and insulation board；0 shape sealing ring C and 0 shape sealing ring D is to ensure that
Gap between negative electrode M30 hypomere and water cooling tube and insulation board is air tight.
Cored screw powder feeder is pulled out hairpin, auxiliary controlled atmosphere control by powder feeder outer tube, cored screw spring, powder feed bin, powder
Valve, buncher are constituted；Powder feeder outer tube material is rustless steel or plastic flexible pipe, and cored screw spring is the propeller of powder feeding,
Shape is as a spring being elongated, and inside is hollow, and whole spring is sufficiently flexible, freely can revolve in any forniciform pipe
Turn.The direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun schematic diagram of bright new structure, wherein tungsten cathode structure is changed into hollow by bar-shaped entity
Tubulose.Powder feeding mechanism is by the outer powder feeding of flame instead pass through the axial powder feed mechanism in argon arc heart portion (i.e. tungsten cathode heart portion), and these are at two
Improve maximum, be also innovation of the present utility model.It is described below:
1. part: water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode system, its parts and function are as follows:
In Fig. 1: 1-1-1 is upper box nut；1-1-2 is for fastening nut A (two pieces)；1-1-3 is water cooling tube；1-1-4 is cloudy
Electrical connection plate is drawn in pole；1-1-5 is for fastening nut B；1-1-6 is end face cooling chamber；1-1-7 is negative electrode water-cooled conduit；1-1-8 is empty
Heart tungsten cathode.
Wherein 1-1-7 negative electrode water-cooled conduit is a baroque part, its internal water-cooling sandwich and end face cooling
Room 1-1-6 has water route to communicate.The material of negative electrode water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 3% (quality) (nanoscale) W Cu alloy is made,
There are internal thread hole and hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 screw threads for fastening in its underpart.The heart portion (along axis) of negative electrode water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 is provided with
The through hole of Φ 4mm diameter (long 120mm) is through with heart portion (along axis) Φ 4mm (long 60mm) through hole of hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8,
This through hole is the work space of powder feeder.This structure designs when spray gun works, by head below hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8
The inner surface starting the arc of outer surface and water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 bell, make work Ar (argon) gas through cyclic arc district to obtain
Obtain argon arc plasma torch, and metal dust is to pass from flame heart portion, without interference with the stability of flame.
The effect of the most each parts is as follows:
The upper box nut of 1-1-1, is used for fixing the downcomer 5-1-1 of powder feeder；1-1-2 fastens nut A (two pieces), is used for joining
Connect and fasten negative electrode and draw electrical connection plate 1-1-4；1-1-3 water cooling tube (symmetric position two pieces), be used for end face cooling chamber 1-1-6 and
Negative electrode water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 is for recirculated water；1-1-4 negative electrode draws electrical connection plate, in order to introduce big electric current (500～700A) unidirectional current
And make negative pole；1-1-5 fastens between water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe and the insulation board 4-1-1 that nut B is used for compressing end face cooling chamber 1-1-6 top
The gas leakage gap of (see 4-1-3O RunddichtringO position)；1-1-6 end face cooling chamber, is used for reducing negative electrode gun body operating room and insulation
The operating temperature of plate 4-1-4 is to ensure that spray gun can work long hours.
1-1-7 negative electrode water-cooled conduit, its effect has three: 1. reduce hollow tungsten cathode and gun body operating room temperature.2. give sky
Heart tungsten cathode 1-1-8 carries big electric current.3. the tubular conduit in its heart portion is powder feeding passage, has powder feeding concurrently and powder cooling is made
With.
The hollow tungsten cathode of 1-1-8, effect has three: 1. by hollow tungsten cathode outer surface and copper anode annular discharge (starting the arc,
Stabilising arc) make work argon produce superhigh temperature (5000～6000 DEG C) plasma flame after electric arc.2. cloudy by hollow tungsten
Pole 1-1-8 head configuration curved surface should form convergent-divergent channel with the spatial modelling of water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 bell internal surface gaps
Shape fluidic channel, so that argon stream is in the case of pressure is certain, improves jet velocity (reaching 1.2 Mach) as far as possible.3. empty
Heart tungsten cathode 1-1-8 is through with upper cathodic water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 along being provided with center powder feeding passage at axis centre, and ensures
The position of powder mouth is in the negative pressure powder feeding district of flame kernel.So decapacitation ensures that powder will not regurgitate (reverse telemechanical), can protect again
Card powder is because sintering without too early near flame.
2. part: for gun body, its part and function are as follows:
2-1-1 is clamping bolt, and its effect is gun body to be fixed on insulation board 4-1-1, and seals O by compressing gun body
Shape circle A2-1-2 is to ensure that work argon does not leaks outside；2-1-2 is O-ring seals A (acting on above-mentioned)；2-1-3 is water jacket upper flange；
2-1-4 (two pieces) is water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe；2-1-5 is gun body water jacket urceolus；2-1-6 is gun body water jacket inner core；2-1-7 is gun body water jacket
Lower flange.By above-mentioned six, combined welding, complete gun body water collar can be formed.Its function is cloudy in mainly reducing gun body
Pole, anode and each sealing ring, the temperature of insulation board is to ensure that gun body can work long hours continuously.It is to be noted that down especially
On flange 2-1-7, in addition to being designed with closely-pitched pipe screw thread on its inner diameter and coupling with anode pedestal 3-1-2, still design in its lower end
There is (43.5mm) to seal slotted eye, and coordinate with O-ring seals 2-1-8B to ensure that working gas does not leaks outside, also ensure that simultaneously,
The discharging gap of male-female interpolar is adjustable；2-1-8 is O-ring seals B (function is the most above-mentioned)；2-1-9 is argon inlet pipe.
3. part: for combined anode, its parts and function are as follows:
3-1-1 is that the anode of pure copper material draws electrical connection set, is used for coupling and fixed anode external terminal board, with anode base
Seat 3-1-2 welding (or hot pressing dress) couples, to ensure that big electric current passes through interface；3-1-2 is anode pedestal, mainly uses
Carry the powerful anode current water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 to its heart portion, be designed with one section of closely-pitched pipe thread bush at an upper portion thereof
Cylinder, is used for the thread connection with gun body lower flange 2-1-7 and fixes, and the hypomere at pipe screw shell leaves the straight tube of certain altitude
Section, is used for the O-ring seals B2-1-8 with gun body and forms radially slideable sealing, so ensures that and is adjusting male-female pole
Will not leak gas because gun body lower flange 2-1-7 moves up and down with anode pedestal 3-1-2 during gap.
3-1-3 and 3-1-6 is water-cooled water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe, and it passes through to weld (or managing threaded) with water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4
Composition water-cooled nozzle.Its effect has three: 1. be that the electric discharge of hollow tungsten cathode produces superhigh temperature electric arc to provide thermal source, by the heating of Ar gas
Form high temperature plasma gas；2. the big calorimetric water produced when being to be worked by water-cooled copper anode (particularly striking district) is taken away fast
Speed cools, and to ensure the energy starting the arc continuously of water-cooled copper anode, stablizes electric arc continuous firing；3. make between male-female pole close
Formed between curve clearance i.e. water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 bell inner surface and hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 head configuration curved surface and draw
Wa Er (see aerodynamic) tubular fluidic channel, reaches 1.2 Mach improving the jet velocity of argon plasma, makes simultaneously
Become the negative pressure value in hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 central passage (powder feeding passage), be beneficial to powder feeding.
The most preferably explanation: this employing hollow tungsten cathode outer shroud starting the arc, the design philosophy of center powder feeding is this practicality
Novel innovation, is to propose after the flame flow feature that fully have studied high temperature, high speed, is that researcher finds first
Curve clearance close between male-female pole.The most hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 head exterior surface is shown in Fig. 1 and water-cooled copper anode plate 3-1-4
When curve clearance between bell inner surface forms Lavalle tubular jet curved surface matching relationship, it will make in hollow tungsten cathode
0.2～0.45kg/cm can be produced in central hole road2Negative pressure value, and the size acceptor center hole exits serious shadow of position H of negative pressure value
Ring, H=11～13mm in the design.When separately finding in hollow tungsten cathode endoporus powder feeding or supply gas, do not interfere with male-female interpolar
(current-voltage) stability of electric arc, this phenomenon is that the design philosophy solving flame internal powder conveying further is provided convenience bar
Part.
4. part: the insulated part of flame gun, its function is as follows:
4-1-1 is polycarbonate or nylon or the insulation board of politef material, in order to be insulated male-female pole；4-1-2
Being dielectrically separated from circle for what Muscovitum material was made, effect is ibid；4-1-3 is 0 shape sealing ring C；4-1-4 is 0 shape sealing ring D, be for
Ensure that the gap between negative electrode M30 hypomere and water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe 1-1-3 and insulation board is air tight.
5. part: the cored screw powder feeder of flame gun, its parts and function are as follows:
5-1-1 is powder feeder outer tube, and its material can be rustless steel or plastic flexible pipe；5-1-2 is cored screw spring, the most just
Being the propeller of powder feeding, its shape is as a spring being elongated, and inside is hollow, and whole spring is sufficiently flexible, can be any
Rotate freely in forniciform pipe.This utility model research finds, is put into by this hollow spring in a blank pipe (in blank pipe
During equipped with metal powder), when hollow spring rotates in blank pipe, due to the right-handed screw progradation of spring, can be by between spiral
Powder is pushed ahead, and fltting speed (dW) can (1) calculate as the following formula:
DW=D2·h·d·v…(1)
DW-powder feed rate (g/min)
K-coefficient (the powder coefficient of viscosity) (can measure)
D-blank pipe internal diameter (cm)
Distance (cm) between h-spring wire
D-powder loose specific weight g/cm3)
V spring rotating speed (r/min)
Work as K=1, D=0.4cm, h=0.3cm, d=2.6g/cm3
V=50r/min
DW=0.7854 × (0.4) 2 × 0.3 × 2.6 × 50
=4.9g/min
Work as v=500r/min
DW=49g/min
The advantage of this utility model hollow core packing auger has three:
1. can be at the pipeline internal powder conveying of any bending.
2. the heart portion of cored screw can pass through gas, it is achieved air-flow and two kinds of double-hopper modes of mechanically-propelled.
3. can complete powder feeding task under vacuum.
Make the long shape shaft of straightway on the top of this utility model hollow core helical spring, on the one hand require have enough
Length so that it is through the upper cover of filler bin 5-1-3 and couple, on the other hand, at filler bin 5-with outside buncher 5-1-6
In 1-3 inner length, it is possible to powder shift fork 5-1-4 is installed and so can ensure that powder shift fork can when cored screw spring rotates
Constantly by powder material scattering, prevent from making somebody a mere figurehead.5-1-5 is secondary air adjustable valve, uses when supplementary ventilation.
Helical spring at this utility model hollow core packing auger will extend under hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 always
Side separates out at mouthful 12mm, it with certain speed in feed pipe 5-1-1, and negative electrode water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 and hollow tungsten cathode
Constantly rotate in the through central passage of 1-1-8, powder is sent directly in flame negative pressuren zone, it is also possible to pass to auxiliary simultaneously
Help gas, continuously metal dust can be sent to low-temperature negative-pressure district (with the flame together) ejection in flame heart portion, exist side by side
I.e. it is heated by the flame acceleration, completes powder feeding task.In the case of continuous powder feeding, a branch of stable can be obtained in the front of spray gun
The vaporific injection cone being made up of high temperature and high speed molten melt drop dissipated, it is clear that this vaporific injection cone is sprayed to certain Metal Substrate
Under conditions of plate surface, the better various technological parameters of regulation and control, the spray coating operations of various coating can be completed.
When needing the composition changing coating alloy, during as YG20 hard alloy layer need to be sprayed, need to be first by YG20 alloy
Powder is put into filler bin 5-1-3 and is started powder feeding mechanism and first measure the K value of YG20 alloyed powder by formula (1), carries out it the most again
Its parameter regulation and control, carries out coating spraying work the most convenient.
The hollow tungsten cathode that this utility model uses, its material is really with pure tungsten powder (particle diameter 2～3 μm), through cold etc. quiet
Pressure, high density (relative density 99.99%) tungsten pipe that high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is made is machined again to be made, external diameter Φ 9mm, endoporus
For Φ mm, there are the special high density tungsten goods of external screw thread M101 one end, are otherwise difficult to ensure that the stability of electric arc.
The curved surface that hollow tungsten cathode head configuration curved surface is the most close with the water-cooled copper anode i.e. male-female of bell internal surface gaps
Clearance space should form the tubular fluidic channel in Lavalle, can complete electric arc heated with the hollow tungsten cathode of this guarantee and can make again
Argon accelerates to the effect of 1.2 Mach, and in embodiment, the radius of curvature of water-cooled copper anode bell inner surface is R1=16.5mm,
Hollow tungsten cathode head exterior surface radius of curvature R2=15mm, jet angle is 45 °, and in hollow tungsten cathode, hole exits is burnt with flame
Point distance H=11～13mm (controllable).
The cooling problem of hollow tungsten cathode, in addition to being provided with end face cooling chamber, is additionally provided with tungsten cathode water-cooled conduit, and
Material 3% (quality) nanoscale W+Cu alloy is made, with the rigidity ensured, intensity and heat resistance simultaneously,
The heart portion of hollow tungsten cathode is provided with the inner diameter hole of Φ mm (powder feeding passage) along the whole length of centrage, and hollow tungsten is cloudy
The length of pole is generally 20～70mm (long being difficult to produces), and the other end of hollow tungsten cathode must be designed with screw thread, embodiment
In be (M101), in order to couple with negative electrode water-cooled conduit, the hollow tungsten cathode of such guarantee on the one hand can continuously from
Obtaining big electric current on cathode, the heat on the other hand hollow tungsten cathode end electric arc produced is taken away, and this structure designs also
It is one of the effective ways of a difficult problem of solution center powder feeding easy-sintering, it is necessary to be protected by.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1. owing to using outer surface cyclic arc heating (the independent starting the arc, stabilising arc) of hollow tungsten cathode on cathode construction,
Thus ensure that argon can be stable through arc region, and do not flowed by powder feeding air-flow and metal dust and affected, improve rifle
Job stability and flame space in temperature homogeneity.
2. ensure that at any rotating speed owing to have employed cored screw powder feeder in whole cathode center hole path,
Under any subsidy air pressure even vacuum, and all can be the most controlled under conditions of powder feeding passage either vertical, level or bending
Smooth powder feeding, and simple in construction, handling ease, low cost, easily promote.
3., owing to using negative pressuren zone axial powder feed mode in flame heart portion, add and be used cored screw powder feeder and join therewith
Close, can make all powder granule 100% through flame heart portion, it is ensured that being heated evenly, each granule can be heated rapidly, add
Speed, therefore can thoroughly solve because particle temperature is uneven, speed is uneven and problem that the coating quality that causes is uneven.
4. use the tubular fluidic channel in Lavalle due to curve clearance close between male-female pole, certain at argon pressure
In the case of argon arc plasma torch can be made to accelerate to 1.2 Mach, thus in torch flame can be improved molten melt drop injection speed
Degree and deposition pressure, be conducive to improving coating density.
5. can pass to certain liquid reaction material in feed pipe, various liquid-solid heat can be carried out after it is by high-temperature region
Conversion reaction.Such as nitrate or the sulfate solution of Fe, Co, Ni, Li etc., oxidate powder can be directly obtained through thermal-flame
End.
6. use center powder feeding structure due to gun body, the high-temperature region that heated powder passes rapidly through 6000 DEG C can be made, thus
Make the technical applications of this rifle, create bigger change.If (a) is by high temperature evaporation, decompose and prepare ultra-fine or nanoscale
Metal or oxide powder；B aspherical particle powder can be made spherical particle powder through thermal-flame rapid melting by (),
As made sized spherical titanium powder, boron powder, tungsten powder with aspherical titanium valve, boron powder, tungsten powder, therefore the special of ball powder can be prepared specially as a kind of
Nodularization equipment；C various reactions can be that mixed-powder passes flame and carries out the composite powder needed for pyroreaction acquisition by (), as with
Fe2O3+MnO+Co2O3+LiO+Ni2O3Mixed powder forms the solid solution i.e. single-phase powder of above-mentioned oxide through thermal-flame；
The different source of the gas of (d) employing (or the lower example source of the gas containing different content is such as: N2、H2、CO、CH4) obtain various work through superelevation warm area
Property ionized gas, and carry out nitrogenizing simultaneously, hydrogenate, carburizing reagent；E () prints for 3D, jet deposition shower nozzle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun schematic diagram of new structure of the present utility model,
Wherein: the upper box nut of 1-1-1；1-1-2 fastens nut A (two pieces)；1-1-3 water cooling tube；1-1-4 negative electrode draws electrical connection
Plate；1-1-5 fastens nut B；1-1-6 end face cooling chamber；1-1-7 negative electrode water-cooled conduit；The hollow tungsten cathode of 1-1-8；2-1-1 fastens
Bolt；2-1-2O shape sealing ring A；2-1-3 water jacket upper flange；2-1-4 water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe；2-1-5 gun body water jacket urceolus；2-1-6 rifle
Body water jacket inner core；2-1-7 gun body water jacket lower flange；2-1-8O shape sealing ring B；2-1-9 argon inlet pipe；3-1-1 anode draws electricity
Sleeve；3-1-2 anode pedestal；3-1-3 water inlet pipe, 3-1-6 outlet pipe；3-1-4 water-cooled copper anode；Drop in 3-1-5 flame
Spray cone；4-1-1 insulation board；4-1-2 is dielectrically separated from circle；4-1-3 0 shape sealing ring C；4-1-4 0 shape sealing ring D；5-1-1 send
Powder device outer tube；5-1-2 cored screw spring；5-1-3 powder feed bin；5-1-4 powder pulls out hairpin；5-1-5 assists gas controlling valve；5-1-
6 bunchers.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
Now manufacture and design the water-cooled powder spray gun of a 40KW (65V, 600A), dusting speed 40-60g/min.
The nickel-base alloy powder used, its proportion d=2.6g/cm3, working gas is high-purity argon gas.
Should follow these steps to:
1 hollow tungsten cathode system design
1.1 cored screw spring parameter designs
A: set cored screw spring outer diameter D=4mm, with diameter of phi=0.5mm, spring steel wire spring winding.Spring wire it
Between spacing h=4mm, by formula (1) dw=K/4 D2 h d v calculate, in formula: K=1, D=0.4cm, h=
0.4cm, d (powder loose specific weight)=2.6g/cm3, then dw=0.05026 2.6 v=0.13069 v
The rotating speed of b: buncher is set to v=500r/min, then dw=65.34g/min, meets requirement, therefore buncher
Elect rotating speed 0-1500r/min, power 500 watts as.
The long L=L of c: helical spring1(water-cooled cathode length)+L2(hollow tungsten cathode length)+L3(powder feeding pipe range)
In embodiment: L1=10 (cm), L2=7 (cm), L3=3.5 (cm)
L=20.5 (cm)
1.2 water-cooled copper cathode central bore diameter design
Should ensure when cored screw spring rotates powder will not Longitudinal Leakage, required motion when ensureing again to rotate
Gap relationships, therefore the center-hole diameter=4+0.1+0.2 (mm) of water-cooled copper negative electrode
1.3 hollow tungsten cathode centre bore designs
Center-hole diameter and the hollow tungsten cathode center-hole diameter of powder feeding pipe 5-1-1 are=4+0.1+0.2 (mm)
1.4 hollow tungsten cathode external diameter designs
In view of tungsten cathode, this acts on down its athermic supply current density value in water-cooled, air cooling simultaneously is 12A/
mm2, and when designing general power 40KW, electric current reaches 600A, the sectional area therefore tungsten cathode does not generate heat
Because hollow tungsten cathode diameter of bore has been set to=4mm, it is contemplated that the formula in hollow pipe cross section is
；-hollow pipe external diameter (mm) ,-hollow pipe internal diameter: 4mm negative electrode water-cooled conduit
Or
Therefore
Being designed as=9mm the most hollow tungsten cathode external diameter Φ=9mm in embodiment, top screw thread is M101.
1.5 hollow tungsten cathode head surfaces design with water-cooled copper anode surface radius of curvature
When ensureing that flame (angle=45 ° of giving vent to anger) converges focus with meal outlet distance H=11mm, gas compression ratio is 5
Time, mapping calculating, the radius of curvature on water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 surface is=16.5mm.Hollow tungsten cathode 1-1-8 head
Outer surface curvature radius is=15mm, can ensure that flame export speed reaches 1.2 Mach when being 0.35mm in gap.Hollow tungsten cathode
Discharging opening and flame focus spacing H=11～13mm (adjustable) (regulating and controlling by negative pressure assay).
In 1.6 bronze medal i.e. Fig. 1 of external lead wire plate, 1-1-4 and clamp nut 1-1-2 and lead plate and threaded connection place contacts
Area is all by (3A/mm2) not calorific capacity design.
Water-cooling sandwich thickness (size) design of 1-1-6 and negative electrode water-cooled conduit 1-1-7 in 1.7 i.e. Fig. 1 of end face cooling chamber,
Only press electric arc heat and radiations heat energy (the 1/10 of general power) consideration, and the flow rate calculation (omiting) of equivalent water, the most only set into
Outlet pipe 1-1-3 internal diameter Φ=6mm；End face interlayer thickness h=5mm, water-cooled vessel clamp thickness h=3mm.
2 gun body water collars: see 2-1-5,2-1-6 design in Fig. 1
When working due to gun body, the temperature in gun body is the highest, therefore the heat Balance Calculation of gun body water collar interlayer is typically omitted.
Set water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe 2-1-4 internal diameter Ф=5mm, water jacket samdwich thickness h=10mm in an embodiment.This external upper flange 2-1-3
It is provided with seal groove 2-1-2 and affixed bolt 2-1-1, the side of lower flange 2-1-7, is provided with sealing slotted eye Φ 101～Φ 99
(43.5) and (M1101), fine thread is connected with anode pedestal 3-1-2.
3-1-1～3-1-6 in Fig. 1 is shown in the design of 3 water-cooled copper anodes
3.1 water-cooled copper anodes draw 3-1-1 and anode pedestal 3-1-2 in electrical connection set i.e. Fig. 1, according to (all electric currents flow through
Sectional area) not heating current density must not exceed (3A/mm2) principle design.Additionally, lead plate sectional area is=120mm2, sun
Pole base 3-1-2 side thickness 7mm, base thickness 5mm.
3.2 water-cooled copper anode 3-1-4 bell interior surface curvature radiuses are=16.5mm (describing see 1-1-5).
3.3 water-cooled anode water jacket layers, and water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe diameter, should strictly press (electric arc heat release power=water-cooled efficiency) this
One thermodynamical equilibrium formula calculates and converts into the flow of water outlet and designs, and exempts to state herein.Take water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe (3-in Fig. 1 in instances
In 1-3), warp is Ф 6mm, and water jacket 3-1-4 interlayer is Φ 60/ Φ 20, high 15mm.
4 insulating laminated plate designs:
Insulating laminated plate uses nylon-6 0 material plate, and processing dimension is Φ 115mm, thick 15mm, centre bore Φ 29mm.Other
Seal slotted eye and see Fig. 1.
5 powder feed bin and feeding Mechanism Design
In 5.1 Fig. 1,5-1-1 is powder feeding pipe, makes with stainless steel tube, and internal diameter is Φ=4+0.1+0.2mm, and it is a length of
60mm。
The form that 5.2 powder feeding pipe 5-1-1 use thread cap 1-1-1 to compress with anode termination is coupled to each other, and ensures powder feeding
Bore communicates with cathode central duct and precisely para-position.
5.3 powder feeder bunchers select 500W, 220V AC/DC adjustable speed motor, and another motor shaft end should be provided with just
Tear formula dop (Φ 0～Φ 12) open
6 power cabinet configurations:
40KW routinely, 65V, 600A configure, such as: primary side is single-phase, controllable silicon；Become in the middle of pressure regulation (380V～50V)
Depressor: 380V/120A/70V；650A, rectified acquisition 65V；600A DC source.
Claims (7)
1. a direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that spray gun is by water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode system, gun body, combination
Anode, the insulated part of flame gun, the cored screw powder feeder five part composition of flame gun, have employed water-cooled empty simultaneously
Heart tungsten cathode outer surface ring-type starting the arc direct current plasma heating and through axial powder feed machine in the axially i.e. flame in argon arc heart portion
Two technology of structure, use Lavalle tubular fluidic channel design in the design by curve clearance the most close for male-female.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that water-cooled hollow tungsten cathode system
Unite and drawn electrical connection plate (1-1-4) by upper box nut (1-1-1), fastening nut A (1-1-2), water cooling tube (1-1-3), negative electrode, fastened
Nut B (1-1-5), end face cooling chamber (1-1-6), negative electrode water-cooled conduit (1-1-7), hollow tungsten cathode (1-1-8) are constituted, wherein
Negative electrode water-cooled conduit is internal water-cooling sandwich and end face cooling chamber has water route to communicate, and internal thread hole is arranged at negative electrode water-cooled conduit bottom
With hollow tungsten cathode screw threads for fastening, the heart portion through hole that the heart portion of negative electrode water-cooled conduit is provided with through hole and hollow tungsten cathode along axis passes through
Logical, this through hole is the work space of powder feeder；
Upper box nut is used for fixing the downcomer of powder feeder；Fasten nut A to be used for coupling and fastening negative electrode drawing electrical connection plate；Symmetrical
The two pieces water cooling tube of position is connected with end face cooling chamber and negative electrode water-cooled conduit；Negative electrode draw electrical connection plate in order to introduce 500～
700A heavy DC electricity also makees negative pole；Fasten nut B be used for compressing the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe on end face cooling chamber top and insulation board it
Between gas leakage gap；End face cooling chamber, is used for reducing the operating temperature of negative electrode gun body operating room and insulation board.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that gun body is by clamping bolt (2-1-
1), O-ring seals A (2-1-2), water jacket upper flange (2-1-3), water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe (2-1-4), gun body water jacket urceolus (2-1-5), rifle
Body water jacket inner core (2-1-6), gun body water jacket lower flange (2-1-7), O-ring seals B (2-1-8), argon inlet pipe (2-1-9) structure
Become. clamping bolt, is gun body to be fixed on insulation board, and by compress gun body seal O with ensure work argon not outside
Leakage；Clamping bolt, water jacket upper flange, water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe, gun body water jacket urceolus, gun body water jacket inner core, gun body water jacket lower flange are through group
Close welding, form complete gun body water collar；Argon inlet pipe and gun body water jacket urceolus and gun body water jacket inner core welded seal connection
Connecing, provide stable air-flow to arc region, gas forms plasma gas after arc region ionizes and is sprayed by water-cooled copper anode
Mouth penetrates.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that combined anode is drawn electricity by anode
Drop in sleeve (3-1-1), anode pedestal (3-1-2), water-cooled water inlet pipe (3-1-3), water-cooled copper anode (3-1-4), flame
Spray cone outlet pipe (3-1-5), water-cooled outlet pipe (3-1-6) are constituted；Anode draws what electrical connection set was pure copper material, for joining
Connect and fixed anode external terminal board, weld with anode pedestal or hot pressing dress couples；Water-cooled water inlet pipe and outlet pipe are positive with water-cooled copper
Pole is by welding or manages threaded composition water-cooled nozzle；The water-cooled copper anode upper design in anode pedestal heart portion has one section of closely-pitched
Pipe screw shell, is used for the thread connection with gun body lower flange (2-1-7) and fixes, and the hypomere at pipe screw shell leaves certain height
The direct tube section of degree, is used for forming radially slideable sealing with the O-ring seals of gun body.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that the insulated part of flame gun
By insulation board (4-1-1), be dielectrically separated from circle (4-1-2), O-ring seals C (4-1-3), O-ring seals D (4-1-4) are constituted；Absolutely
Listrium is polycarbonate or nylon or politef material, in order to be insulated male-female pole；0 shape sealing ring C is under negative electrode M30
Between section and water inlet pipe, O-ring seals D is between outlet pipe and insulation board.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that cored screw powder feeder is by sending
Powder device outer tube (5-1-1), cored screw spring (5-1-2), powder feed bin (5-1-3), powder pull out hairpin (5-1-4), auxiliary controlled atmosphere
Control valve (5-1-5), buncher (5-1-6) are constituted；Powder feeder outer tube material is rustless steel or plastic flexible pipe, cored screw spring
Being the propeller of powder feeding, shape is as a spring being elongated, and inside is hollow, and whole spring is sufficiently flexible, can be any curved
Rotate freely in curved pipe.
A kind of direct current argon arc plasma powder spray gun, it is characterised in that hollow tungsten cathode head appearance
Curve clearance between face with the water-cooled copper anode plate bell inner surface of combined anode forms Lavalle tubular jet curved surface and coordinates pass
System.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105755421A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-13 | 北京科技大学 | Direct-current argon arc plasma powder spray gun and manufacturing method |
| CN106891004A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-27 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing head uses solid powder continuous conveying device |
| CN112664963A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 杭州海莱德智能科技有限公司 | Ultralong plasma flame emitter |
-
2016
- 2016-04-20 CN CN201620336410.8U patent/CN205856587U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105755421A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-13 | 北京科技大学 | Direct-current argon arc plasma powder spray gun and manufacturing method |
| CN106891004A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-27 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing head uses solid powder continuous conveying device |
| CN106891004B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-04-12 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing head solid powder continuous conveying device |
| CN112664963A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 杭州海莱德智能科技有限公司 | Ultralong plasma flame emitter |
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