CN205825435U - 热交换器及其外壳 - Google Patents

热交换器及其外壳 Download PDF

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CN205825435U
CN205825435U CN201620249557.3U CN201620249557U CN205825435U CN 205825435 U CN205825435 U CN 205825435U CN 201620249557 U CN201620249557 U CN 201620249557U CN 205825435 U CN205825435 U CN 205825435U
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heat exchanger
pedestal
cylindrical sheath
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塞韦里诺·卡波达戈利
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VALMEX SpA
Ariston SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/34—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/43—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/16—Arrangements for water drainage 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0472—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

用于燃气锅炉的热交换器具有为螺旋形成的列管(12)。列管(12)被封装在外壳(18)内，外壳(18)包括围绕列管(12)的外侧盘绕的圆柱形护套(20)，圆柱形护套(20)通过基座(22)和布置在圆柱形护套(20)的相对侧上的盖(24)被固定且在使用中被夹持在一起。多个螺柱(50)在圆柱形护套(20)的外侧从基座(22)延伸到盖(24)，所述螺柱(50)具有用于夹持抵接中的盖(24)的端部。

Description

热交换器及其外壳
技术领域
本发明涉及用于燃气锅炉的热交换器。本发明已经特别参照用于燃气锅炉的、具有螺旋列管的热交换器进行了改进。具体地，本发明涉及这样的热交换器的外壳。
背景技术
用于加热的燃气锅炉是已知的，其中待被加热的水通过以螺旋形式缠绕的列管。燃烧气体由气体燃烧器产生且一次或多次地通过列管的绕组，从而将热量传递给通过它的水。通过将烟气的热量包括潜冷凝热传递给水，烟气然后排放到交换器和燃气锅炉的外部。
包含列管的外壳是热交换器的重要部件。所述外壳必须耐与其接触的烟气的高温。外壳的不同部分经受极宽的温度范围，因此考虑到温度梯度在热交换器的使用过程中会导致主要压力，必须要特别关注外壳的结构。因此在选择外壳的材料，必须注意它们的抗性、耐久性、可加工性和经济性。外壳必须尽可能地经济，以便保持热交换器为低成本。在外壳的制备过程中要在外壳上进行的处理操作必须限制为最基本必需的，同样为了将成本降到最低。外壳必须易于装配，特别是易于由非专业人员装配，而且根据热交换器的尺寸，必须使得外壳容易适应于具有不同尺寸的列管的热交换器。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于公开用于具有螺旋列管的热交换器的外壳，其满足在上文所提及的要求。为此目的，本发明涉及的热交换器具有在随后的权利要求中所述的特征，这些特征形成本发明描述的不可分割的一部分。
根据本发明的热交换器的外壳以如此的方式设计以至于不使用连杆将基座和盖夹紧到围绕列管的圆柱形护套的两端部。若干螺柱从优选由塑料材料制成的外壳基座延伸，所述螺柱优选与基座制成一件。盖直接接合到螺柱上。圆柱形护套保持在基座和盖之间。
有利地，本发明的热交换器的外壳不使用垫片。在每个密封件上提供密封剂，其优选为聚硅氧烷类型的，能够抵抗与它们接触的烟气的高温。密封剂位于圆柱形护套和相应的基座和盖之间的接触区域内，除了通过在圆柱形护套上的空腔形成的冷凝物排放区域之外。在该排放区域内的密封以及在螺旋管嘴部区域内的那些密封通过特殊形状的嵌入件提供。其密封通过聚硅氧烷密封剂形成的这种类型的外壳的制备，使用自动化的机器且因此以有限人工干预或没有人工干预的方式，允许热交换器的快速和正确地组装。
附图说明
进一步的特征和优点将从下文对参照附图纯粹以非限制性实例方式给出的本发明的若干优选实施例的详细描述变得清楚，其中：
-图1是根据本发明的热交换器的透视图；
-图2是类似于图1的旋转90度的透视图；
-图3是图1所示的热交换器的基座和盖的夹持细节的放大视图；
-图4是冷凝物排放细节的放大的横截面视图；
-图5是围绕列管第一嘴部的外壳嵌入件的放大透视图；以及
-图6是围绕列管第二嘴部的外壳嵌入件的放大透视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，附图标记10指示用于燃气锅炉的热交换器，具有公知类型的螺旋列管12。在图1中，热交换器10水平地示出以便清楚地图示，但在使用中它被布置成旋转90度，其中列管12绕组的X-X轴线处于水平位置，以及列管12的两个嘴部14，16朝下指向。
热交换器10的列管12被封装在外壳18内。外壳18包括围绕列管12的外侧盘绕的圆柱形护套20。优选地，圆柱形护套20由金属制成，例如不锈钢。圆柱形护套20保持在基座22和盖24之间。基座22优选由塑料材料制成，以及盖24优选由铝制成，且两者都例如通过模制形成。盖24具有一个大的圆形中央开口26，其基本上对应于列管12的内部直径。在使用中，锅炉的气体燃烧器定位到圆形开口26的旁边，以便将燃烧烟气引导到列管12内。圆形膜片28大致布置在列管12的中间(参见图2)。基座22与腔室30连通，以便收集和排放烟气，所述烟气通过排放孔32离开。
圆柱形护套20通过将其两个圆形端部边缘插入到在基座22和盖24中制备的相应圆形凹槽34，36内而被固定。在圆形凹槽34，36中放置优选为聚硅氧烷类型的密封剂。盖24具有四个径向延伸的延伸部38。延伸部38由肋状件40增强。在延伸部38中制备孔42，螺钉44插入到孔42内，螺钉44与螺母46接合，螺母46被容纳在从基座22延伸的螺柱50的端部48内。
如图3中更详细地看出的那样，每个螺柱50是内部中空的，以便在其端部48附近容纳螺母46。螺母46具有抵接表面52，用于支撑从盖24的延伸部38突出的锥形套筒56的端部54。从而，以精确和预先确定的方式建立基座22和盖24之间的连接距离。螺柱50的上端部48形成有锥形空腔58，锥形空腔58以如此的方式与锥形套筒56配合，以至于即使在没有螺钉44的情况下将盖24定中到基座22上，且在基座22和盖24两者之间提供第一整体密封，以便于外壳18组件的组装。锥形套筒56与螺母46直接接触并因此用作自锁衬套，锥形套筒56优选由铝制成，以及更优选与盖24制成一件。
在基座22上形成的冷凝物排放部60布置在与烟气出口32相对的热交换器区域内。在圆柱形护套20上优选通过拉伸形成空腔62，其用于将冷凝物传送到排放部60。在基座22和圆柱形护套20之间，围绕冷凝物排放部60设置成形的嵌入件64，在图4的放大的横截面视图中更清楚地可见，其中在热交换器10的正确使用位置中冷凝物排放部60朝下取向。成形的嵌入件64用于在冷凝物排放的区域内在基座和圆柱形护套20之间形成密封，其中密封在内部由于用作排液器的空腔62而被中断。排液空腔62用于促进冷凝物流出，而且因为在冷凝物流出路径上没有障碍，密封剂密封的安置在内部被中断。嵌入件64用于恢复密封而不妨碍冷凝物流出。
图5和图6中分别更加清晰可见，另外两个成形的嵌入件66，68被设置以确保圆柱形护套20围绕列管12的两个嘴部14，16的密封。成形的嵌入件64和66优选由塑料材料制成，并通过模制获得，而嵌入件68优选由铝制成。嵌入件使得能够简化列管12与外壳18的其它组件的组装过程并使其自动化，显著有益于通过密封剂所形成的密封。
上述热交换器的外壳容易适用于具有不同数目绕组的列管以便制备不同尺寸的热交换器。例如在其列管具有的绕组数目大于附图中示出的绕组数目的热交换器的情况下，也可进行相当简单的变型。有必要形成具有比附图中示出的圆柱形护套20的高度更高的圆柱形护套。然而通过使用距离件，可以保留与所示实施例中相同的基座22和相同的盖24。在盖24的延伸部38和从基座22突出的螺柱50之间的更大距离通过使用简单的距离件来覆盖，距离件例如为适当长度的套筒，比在上述实施例中示出的螺钉44更长的螺钉插入穿过套筒内。成形嵌入件64，66和68也可以保持不变。
当然，在不损害本发明原理的情况下，实施例和实施方式的细节可相对于在此所述和所示的内容进行广泛地变化，由此并不脱离本发明的范围。

Claims (17)

1.用于燃气锅炉的热交换器，其具有螺旋列管(12)并被封装在外壳(18)内，所述外壳(18)包括围绕所述列管(12)的外侧盘绕的圆柱形护套(20)，所述圆柱形护套(20)通过基座(22)和布置在所述圆柱形护套(20)的相对侧上的盖(24)被固定且在使用中被夹持在一起，多个螺柱(50)在所述圆柱形护套(20)的外侧从所述基座(22)延伸到所述盖(24)，所述螺柱(50)具有用于夹持抵接中的盖(24)的端部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中所述圆柱形护套(20)通过将其两个圆形端部边缘插入到在所述基座(22)和所述盖(24)中制备的相应圆形凹槽(34，36)内而被固定。
3.根据权利要求2所述的热交换器，其中在所述圆形凹槽(34，36)中放置密封剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中所述基座(22)与腔室(30)连通，以便收集和排放烟气，所述腔室设有排放孔(32)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中所述圆柱形护套(20)和所述盖(24)由金属制成，以及所述基座(22)由塑料材料制成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的热交换器，其中，所述螺柱(50)由塑料材料制成，并与所述基座(22)是一体的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中每个螺柱(50)是内部中空的，以便靠近其端部(48)的其中一个容纳螺母(46)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的热交换器，其中所述螺母(46)具有抵接表面(52)，在所述抵接表面(52)上用于支撑从所述盖(24)朝向所述基座(22)突出的相应套筒(56)的端部(54)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器，其中所述套筒(56)是锥形的并适于与由锥形空腔(58)所形成的所述螺柱(50)的所述端部(48)配合。
10.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的热交换器，其中所述盖(24)具有径向延伸的多个延伸部(38)，并且在延伸部(38)的每一个中制备螺钉(44)插入穿过的孔(42)，以便与被容纳在从所述基座(22)延伸的所述螺柱(50)的所述端部(48)处的相应的所述螺母(46)接合。
11.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，所述热交换器不具有垫片，并且其中密封由密封剂提供。
12.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中所述圆柱形护套(20)具有空腔(62)，其用作排液器以用于将所述外壳(18)内收集的冷凝物朝向在所述基座(22)内形成的冷凝物排放部(60)传送。
13.根据权利要求12所述的热交换器，其中在所述基座(22)和所述圆柱形护套(20)之间以及围绕所述冷凝物排放部(60)设置成形的嵌入件(64)，其用作在所述基座和所述圆柱形护套(20)之间围绕用作排液器的所述空腔(62)的密封。
14.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其中所述外壳(18)具有围绕所述圆柱形护套(20)和所述基座(22)或所述盖(24)之间的密封区域的成形嵌入件(64，66，68)。
15.根据权利要求14所述的热交换器，其中至少两个成形的嵌入件(66，68)分别附接到所述外壳(18)的所述基座(22)和所述盖(24)，以便围绕所述列管(12)的两个相应嘴部(14，16)提供所述圆柱形护套(20)的密封。
16.根据权利要求15所述的热交换器，其中所述至少两个成形的嵌入件(64，66)由塑料材料制成，并通过模制获得。
17.外壳，其用于封装根据前述任一项权利要求所述的用于燃气锅炉的热交换器的螺旋列管。
CN201620249557.3U 2015-06-08 2016-03-29 热交换器及其外壳 Active CN205825435U (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3633286A1 (en) 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 Valmex S.p.A. Improved heat exchanger for gas boilers
CN112033204A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-04 刘娜 一种工业锅炉余热利用系统

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IT202200003476A1 (it) * 2022-02-24 2023-08-24 Valmex S P A Scambiatore di calore rinforzato

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ITTO20110446A1 (it) * 2011-05-19 2012-11-20 Cosmogas Srl Scambiatore di calore e procedimento di realizzazione
JP2013096461A (ja) * 2011-10-29 2013-05-20 Tokyo Parts Center Co Ltd 溝入れホルダ
KR101496361B1 (ko) * 2014-07-09 2015-02-26 주식회사 두발 스페이서를 활용한 콘덴싱 보일러용 열교환기

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3633286A1 (en) 2018-10-05 2020-04-08 Valmex S.p.A. Improved heat exchanger for gas boilers
CN112033204A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-12-04 刘娜 一种工业锅炉余热利用系统

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