CN205776113U - Tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock - Google Patents
Tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock Download PDFInfo
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- CN205776113U CN205776113U CN201521104690.1U CN201521104690U CN205776113U CN 205776113 U CN205776113 U CN 205776113U CN 201521104690 U CN201521104690 U CN 201521104690U CN 205776113 U CN205776113 U CN 205776113U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of tunnel formula to imitate nature fish pass and combine the comprehensive layout of fish lock, underwater bed and upper pond waters is connected in fish pass main body and fish lock, fish pass main body is arranged on inside the massif on Power Plant side, and fish pass main body is made up of sidewall, base plate and crown；It is provided with multiple contraction section in fish pass main body and described fish pass main body is spaced apart room, multiple fish pass pond.Fish lock is disposed with fish lock downstream cleaning door, moves and catch up with fish device, stiling basin, fish lock early-stage work door and Stoplog gate from downstream.This utility model adapt to storehouse upper pond level significantly, the rapid narrow landform of change and riverbed, different according to upper pond level cross fish, the water temperature of suitable fish migration, flow and flow velocity are provided, the natural aquatic environment in river can be simulated, reduce excavated volume and engineering design, difficulty of construction, it is ensured that while crossing fish effect, reduce construction costs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic engineering and field of environmental engineering, relate to a kind of imitating nature fish pass by the tunnel formula that barrage building traces back and combining the comprehensive layout of fish lock for solving straddling fish stocks, assisting the method that straddling fish stocks cross dam, it is the technical problem solving to cross after straddling fish stocks are traced back dam.
Background technology
Natural river is built dam, has blocked the migration passage of Fish, remedy by building the fish pass structures such as fish pass both at home and abroad typically.Along with China's construction of hydropower facilities advances to upstream, river course day by day; the hinge construction of mountain stream is frequently encountered the landform that dam site riverbed is narrow, massif height in two sides is steep; when carrying out project playout in this case; riverbed width often by occupied by flood releasing structure, cause fish pass structure in riverbed or two sides near position, riverbed all without arranging place.Meanwhile, the upper pond water level that mountain area key water control project is formed rises suddenly to fall the most suddenly, brings bigger difficulty also to the layout of fish pass.
According to fish pass structure arrangement requirement, the fish pass structure such as fish pass preferably pulls in shore to arrange.And riverbed narrow zone precipitous in landform, fish pass can only be arranged in high steep massif position, riverbank, it is therefore desirable to profoundly excavates massif so that fish pass both sides can form high steep hand excavation's side slope.Reservoir level significantly, rapidly change, stable, the fish pass safely and effectively service requirement of high steep hand excavation's side slope, all make slope excavating quantities big and design of its support reinforcement and construction difficulty and cost the highest.Meanwhile, the deep excavation of massif destroys the original ecological environment of terrestrial organism, may adversely affect it.
Therefore, invent a kind of new fish channel structure, adapt to the hinge dam site general arrangement that riverbed is narrow, two sides massif is high suddenly, upper pond range of stage is big, overcome that Construction Technology difficulty is big, quantities and the highest shortcoming of cost, reduce the ecology influence to terrestrial organism as far as possible, be the work of a great meaning.
For overcoming disadvantages mentioned above and deficiency, devise a kind of tunnel formula and imitate nature fish pass, it is ensured that the migration shoal of fish dates back upstream vicinity.But, cross fish and water level amplitude due to some work upstream and cause greatly common fishway exit arrangement to be difficult in adapt to the biggest range of stage；Simultaneously because the poor main body making greatly tunnel formula imitate nature fish pass of water levels of upstream and downstream is long, the migration shoal of fish takes a significant amount of time to swim in fish pass main body domestic demand and traces back to upper water territory.Cross dam for accelerating fish migration and adapt to the fish and water level amplitude excessively that upstream is bigger, needing to have redesigned to imitate special transhipment and the lifting means that nature fish pass matches with tunnel formula, it is ensured that the migration shoal of fish quickly crosses dam and enters waters, upstream.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention devises a kind of tunnel formula and imitates nature fish pass and combine the comprehensive layout of fish lock, underwater bed and upper pond waters is connected by fish pass main body, it is characterised in that: described fish pass main body is arranged on inside the massif on Power Plant side；The fish pass import of fish pass main body is arranged in the underwater bed of Power Plant；The fishway exit of fish pass main body is arranged in the upper pond of Power Plant；The upstream side of described fish pass main body connects fish lock, is disposed with in the bottom-up trip of described fish lock: fish lock downstream cleaning door, fish lock early-stage work door and Stoplog gate；It is additionally provided with stiling basin on base plate between fish lock downstream cleaning door and fish lock early-stage work door；Arrange on two fish lock abutment walls between fish lock downstream cleaning door and Stoplog gate to move and catch up with fish device.
In technique scheme, the depth of water between two outlet section side walls is 1 meter～3 meters, and the spacing of two outlet section side walls is no less than 2 times of the longest the fish eyes standard type length；The spacing of two the outlet section side walls no less than 5 times of the distance between fish pass main body and Stoplog gate.
In technique scheme, described fish lock downstream cleaning door is plain batton door, and fish lock early-stage work door is plain batton door or arc-shaped door.
In technique scheme, described stiling basin is sinkage type structure, and both sides are dash breastwork, and upstream side is slope, and downstream is vertical plane, bottom surface level；The upstream side distance fish lock early-stage work door of stiling basin is no less than 0.5 meter.
In technique scheme, the minimum range of described lower downstream electric fish screen distance fish pass main body is 0.5 meter～1.5 meters；The minimum range of lower downstream electric fish screen distance fish lock early-stage work door is 0.5 meter～1.5 meters.
In technique scheme, the water velocity between two outlet section side walls is 0.5 meter per second～1.5 meter per seconds.
Compared with traditional method, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
One, tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, upstream is minimum cross fish and water position and under swim across the head difference between fish and water position, the barrel section of nature fish pass can be imitated by tunnel formula and overcome, continuous way can be realized when upstream is minimum to be crossed near fish and water position cross fish when upper pond level is in；
Its two, tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, and upstream is minimum to be crossed fish and water position and upstream and most exceed the head difference between fish and water position, can be overcome by the fish lock being arranged in tunnel formula and imitating nature fishway exit section.Due to Fish enter rely on after fish lock the increase of the internal water body of fish lock to overcome upstream is minimum crosses fish and water position and upstream and most exceed the head difference between fish and water position, therefore Fish are in this section without overcoming the resistance to water-flow can be by fish lock, and therefore this is crossed fish mode and accelerated fish speed to a certain extent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flat overall layout schematic diagram that tunnel formula imitates that nature fish pass combines the comprehensive layout of fish lock.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram that tunnel formula imitates that nature fish pass combines the comprehensive one section of fish pass main body arranged of fish lock.
Fig. 3 is the vertical profile structural representation that tunnel formula imitates that nature fish pass combines the comprehensive one section of fish pass main body arranged of fish lock.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view in Fig. 2 at A-A.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view in Fig. 2 at B-B.
Fig. 6 is fish lock and fishway exit site plan.
Fig. 7 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 6.
Wherein: fish pass import 1, fish pass import bulkhead gate 2, fish pass inducer 3, fish pass main body 4, vault 4.1, sidewall 4.2, base plate 4.3, fish lock 5, go out port strobe 6, fishway exit 7, Power Plant 8, contraction section 9, long constriction plate 9.1, short constriction plate 9.2, cobble 10, crosses fish perps 11, room, fish pass pond 12, luminaire 13, underwater bed 14, upper pond 15, moves and catches up with fish device 16, stiling basin 17, fish lock early-stage work door 18, Stoplog gate 19, fish lock side wall 20, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the performance of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, but it is not intended that limitation of the invention, only illustrate.Simultaneously by explanation, advantages of the present invention will become clearer from easy to understand.
As shown in Fig. 1～7, the tunnel formula designed by the present invention is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, and it connects underwater bed 14 and the waters of upper pond 15 of Power Plant 8 mainly by fish pass main body 4.Fish pass main body 4 is tunnel formula, is arranged in inside the massif on Power Plant 8 side.
The fish pass inducer 3 in fish pass main body 4 downstream, near lower reaches of river side, is arranged on underwater bed 14.The distalmost end in described fish pass inducer 3 downstream is fish pass import 1.The base plate of this fish pass import 1 is arranged on below the bank slope water surface curve of underwater bed 14.Between described fish pass import 1 and fish pass main body 4, fish pass import bulkhead gate 2 is i.e. set in inducer 3.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the both sides of fish pass main body 4 are sidewall 4.2, and top is circular arc vault 4.1, and lower section is base plate 4.3, described vault 4.1, sidewall 4.2 and base plate 4.3 seamless connection each other.Fish pass main body 4 uses reinforced concrete lining layer structure, makes full use of rock mass and reinforced concrete lining layer structural union stress in massif, jointly bears the load outside fish pass main body 4.Complete building, under the operating mode overhauled, utilize anchor pole reinforced concrete lining layer structure to be unified with the rock mass outside fish pass main body 4, jointly bear the load such as pressure from surrounding rock, osmotic pressure.
In the tunnel of fish pass main body 4, arranging contraction section 9, described contraction section 9 number is determined by the length of fish pass main body 4, the spacing distance of contraction section 9.Described contraction section 9 will be partitioned into room, multiple fish pass pond 12 in fish pass main body 4.Each contraction section 9 is made up of a long constriction plate 9.1 and a short constriction plate 9.2, and described long constriction plate 9.1 is rectangular slab block structure, and described short constriction plate 9.2 is at the up-narrow and down-wide right-angled trapezium plate structure of horizontal water (flow) direction.Long constriction plate 9.1 and short constriction plate 9.2 in belonging to a contraction section 9 together are vertical, are relatively fixed on the cross section of fish pass main body 4.The one side of described long constriction plate 9.1 is connected with a sidewall 4.2 of fish pass main body 4, and the described bottom surface of long constriction plate 9.1 is connected with the base plate 4.3 of fish pass main body 4；The one side of described short constriction plate 9.2 is connected with another sidewall 4.2, and the bottom surface of described short constriction plate 9.2 is connected with base plate 4.3.Thickness on Parallel to the flow direction of described long constriction plate 9.1 and described short constriction plate 9.2, height in vertical direction are the most identical；The bottom surface of described long constriction plate 9.1 does not contacts with the bottom surface of described short constriction plate 9.2.The space between long constriction plate 9.1 and short constriction plate 9.2 in belonging to a contraction section 9 together defined fish perps 11.Described long constriction plate 9.1 is 0.1 meter～0.3 meter with the thickness of described short constriction plate 9.2, and height is the most consistent with the depth of water that tunnel formula is imitated in nature fish pass, is typically taken as 1.5 meters～2.5 meters, and should be greater than growing most 2.5 times of fish eyes standard type length.
On the same sidewall of tunnel 4.2 in fish pass main body 4, each long constriction plate 9.1 and each short constriction plate 9.2 interval are arranged.Two adjacent contraction sections 9 constitute room, a fish pass pond 12.The width W of room, fish pass pond 12 is preferably greater than 2 times of the longest the fish eyes standard type length, and length L of room, fish pass pond 12 should take 2.5～3 times of the longest the fish eyes standard type length.
The vault 4.1 of described fish pass main body 4 is arc-shaped structure, and both sides connect the top of two sidewalls 4.2 respectively.Concrete, the tunnel height H of this fish pass main body 4 is 4.75 meters, and the width of base plate 4.3 is 2.5 meters.In fish pass main body 4, arranging a contraction section 9 every 3 meters, the size of the longest constriction plate 9.1 is wide 1.4 meters, high 2.7 meters, thick 0.5 meter；The size of short constriction plate 9.2 is upper wide 0.4 meter, lower wide 0.8 meter, high 2.7 meters, thick 0.5 meter.It was fish perps 11 between long constriction plate 9.1 and short constriction plate 9.2.Be inlaid with the cobble 10 that thickness is 0.2 meter in the lower section crossing fish perps 11, the size of fish perps seam 11 is upper wide 0.7 meter, lower wide 0.33 meter, high 2.5 meters.
In tunnel in fish pass main body 4, respectively arrange one group of luminaire 13 in the surface of the surface of each contraction section 9 and each room, fish pass pond 12.Concrete, one group of luminaire 13 contains the bulb of 3～10 equidistant arrangement, and often group bulb is arranged on the same cross section in the middle part of vault 4.1 or room, fish pass pond 12.Described luminaire 13 selects to simulate the bulb of nature light, after switching on power, can be illuminated in the waters in fish pass main body 4, in order to straddling fish stocks are traced back.
The part inlay being not provided with contraction section 9 in fish pass main body 4 on the two side 4.2 of tunnel and base plate 4.3 has cobble 10.The top of cobble 10 is exposed, and imitates natural river course and the environment on riverbank.And the illumination system, device 13 arranged on vault 4.1 can simulate nature light.In the environment of this kind of similar nature riverbank, closer to the environment on natural riverbank in fish pass main body 4, this shoal of fish allowing for migration can more adapt to its environment trip is through described fish pass main body 4 when.
As shown in Fig. 1～7, the fish lock 5 of fish pass main body 4 upstream side, near upper river side, is arranged in upper pond 15.The fishway exit 7 that the distalmost end of described fish lock 5 upstream side is.The base plate of this fishway exit 7 is arranged on below the water surface curve of upper pond 15.Between described fishway exit 7 and fish pass main body 4, i.e. in fish lock 5, port strobe 6 is set out.
The upstream side of described fish pass main body 4 connects fish lock 5, is disposed with in the described bottom-up trip of fish lock 5: fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, fish lock early-stage work door 18 and Stoplog gate 19；It is additionally provided with stiling basin 17 on base plate between fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 and fish lock early-stage work door 18；Arrange on two fish lock side walls 20 between fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 and Stoplog gate 19 to move and catch up with fish device 16.The described port strobe 6 that goes out includes fish lock early-stage work door 18 and Stoplog gate 19, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21.Described fish pass import bulkhead gate 2 and each gate going out port strobe 6 all can individually be turned on and off.When going out port strobe 6 and closing, upstream current are not passed through this fish pass main body 4, and the migration shoal of fish in downstream also cannot utilize fish pass to date back upper pond 15.
It is provided with in fish lock 5 and mobile catches up with fish device 16, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, fish lock early-stage work door 18, Stoplog gate 19, stiling basin 17 and fish lock side wall 20 for stratified pumping.
Wherein, move and catch up with fish device 16 to be arranged on fish lock side wall 20, can move between fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 to fish lock early-stage work door 18 and catch up with fish.Fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 is plain batton door, separates for fish lock and tunnel formula being imitated nature fish pass when fish lock works.Fish lock early-stage work door 18 is plain batton door or arc-shaped door, imitates water flow and the flow velocity of nature fish pass for controlling entrance tunnel formula.Stoplog gate 19 is suitable for the water body of Fish Survival temperature according to upper pond level layering for taking, and avoids reservoir water body to let out under fish pass at non-fish dash in season of crossing simultaneously, and provides necessary dash condition for fish pass maintenance.Stiling basin 17 is for carrying out energy dissipating to the water body through Stoplog gate 19 and fish lock early-stage work door 18, it is to avoid the flow rate of water flow that entrance tunnel formula imitates nature fish pass is too fast.Fish lock side wall 20 is used for isolating fish lock and upper pond, and for fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, mobile catch up with fish device 16, fish lock early-stage work door 18, Stoplog gate 19 for stratified pumping to provide necessary support.
Concrete, the depth of water between two fish lock side walls 20 is 1 meter～3 meters, and the spacing of two fish lock side walls 20 is no less than 2 times of the longest the fish eyes standard type length；The spacing of two the fish lock side walls 20 no less than 5 times of the distance between fish pass main body 4 and Stoplog gate 19.
Concrete, described fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 is plain batton door, and fish lock early-stage work door 18 is plain batton door or arc-shaped door.
Concrete, described stiling basin 17 is sinkage type structure, and both sides are fish lock side wall 20, and upstream side is slope, and downstream is vertical plane, bottom surface level；The upstream side distance fish lock early-stage work door 18 of stiling basin 17 is no less than 0.5 meter.
Concrete, described movement catches up with fish device 16 to be 0.5 meter～1.5 meters apart from the minimum range of fish pass main body 4；Moving and catching up with fish device 16 is 0.5 meter～1.5 meters apart from the minimum range of fish lock early-stage work door 18.
Concrete, the water velocity between two fish lock side walls 20 is 0.5 meter per second～1.5 meter per seconds.
Concrete, this tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive using method arranged of fish lock, comprises the steps:
Step 1): after fish migration goes out fish pass main body 4, close fish lock downstream cleaning door 21；It is filled with water in fish lock 5 flush with upper pond level；
Step 2): fish lock early-stage work gate 18 and Stoplog gate 19 standard-sized sheet, start to move and catch up with fish device 16 from fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 downstream on the side, Fish are driven to upper pond 15；
Step 3): 19 times lock dash of Stoplog gate, the water within fish lock 5 is slow transitted through fish pass main body 4 and leaks in underwater bed 14, fish device 16 will be caught up with simultaneously to shift to cleaning door 21 side, fish lock downstream by the unlatching of fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 local；
Step 4): when the depth of water in fish lock 5 is brought down below 3 meters, open fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, lock dash under Stoplog gate 19 part；
Step 5): when the depth of water in fish lock 5 is brought down below 3 meters, open fish lock downstream cleaning door 21；
When the depth of water in fish lock 5 is more than 3 meters, lock dash under Stoplog gate 19 part so that the depth of water of the submergence at Stoplog gate 19 top is 1 meter～3 meters, the unlatching of fish lock early-stage work door 18 local, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 standard-sized sheet, start to cross fish process next time.
When assuming that flow depth that the water body in upper pond 15 formed in fish pass main body 4 is in the range of 1.5～2.5 meters, current can nothing serious flows through in tunnel formula of the present invention imitates nature fish pass and flow in downstream river 14, then water flow process is as follows.
When fish pass import bulkhead gate 2 is with when going out port strobe 6 all in opening, and the water body of upper pond 15 enters fishway exit 7 and goes out port strobe 6 by open, flows to fish lock 5, subsequently flows in fish pass main body 4.In room, fish pass pond 12 in fish pass main body 4, when current enter this room 12, fish pass pond, water is formed and hinders by long constriction plate 9.1 and short constriction plate 9.2, forces current through fish perps 11, and then current flowed out fish perps 11 and flow to next room, fish pass pond 12.Thus, contraction section 9 eliminates the water energy formed by 12, room, the superior and the subordinate's fish pass pond drop, it is ensured that tunnel formula imitates nature fish pass water flow inside flow velocity all the time within the scope of by the suitable flow rate that fish object Burden-Swimming Ability of KM and ecological habit determine excessively.
Same, current pass through each room, fish pass pond 12, until current finally flow into fish pass inducer 3 after flowing through room, all of fish pass pond 12, flow out fish pass import 1 by the fish pass import bulkhead gate 2 opened.Current at fish pass import 1 and near underwater bed 14 waters in form attracting current, finally these attracting current fade away remittance lower reache.
Assume that imitating the waters, downstream of nature fish pass in tunnel formula of the present invention there is a need to dam to the migration shoal of fish of upper pond 15, this shoal of fish has the ability of backtracking, and can perceive attracting current find fish pass import 1, tunnel formula the most of the present invention imitate nature fish pass cross fish principle as follows.
After the shoal of fish experiences attracting current on underwater bed 14, entering from fish pass import 1, by the fish pass import bulkhead gate 2 opened, trip, through fish pass inducer 3, is swum in fish pass main body 4.In the shoal of fish swims room, fish pass pond 12 subsequently, owing to the long constriction plate 9.1 arranged in this room, fish pass pond 12 and short constriction plate 9.2 hinder the shoal of fish of migration, the shoal of fish can only be swum into room, upper level fish pass pond 12 by crossing fish perps 11.
In fish pass main body 4, owing to flow rate of water flow controls in the range of target crosses perception flow velocity and the limit velocity of fish object, habit according to the migration shoal of fish, the shoal of fish can sail against the current trip through each room, fish pass pond 12, and the shoal of fish can be taken a quick nap in fish pass rest pond, after antisecosis, continue trip to room, the preceding paragraph fish pass pond 12.In fish pass main body 4, long constriction plate 9.1 and short constriction plate 9.2 relative spacing are arranged, make the shoal of fish swim with the path of " S " type and cross fish perps 11 through each.Having cobble 10 and illuminator 13 in fish pass main body 4, in wet environment, in fish pass main body 4, president has the plants such as moss, has well imitated the natural environment on riverbank, and the shoal of fish is easier to the process of its migration in familiar environment.In the natural surroundings that fish pass main body 4 is imitated, the shoal of fish is swum behind last room, fish pass pond 12, finally swims into fish lock 5, goes out port strobe 6 by open, swim out of fishway exit 7, swim into upper pond 15.
Assume that the depth of water that the water body in upper pond 15 is formed in fish lock 5 is more than 3 meters, and current can nothing serious flows through tunnel formula of the present invention and imitate nature fish pass and combine comprehensively arranging and flowing in downstream river 14 of fish lock, then decline Stoplog gate 19 dash, overcome the depth of water part more than 3 meters, the depth of water making the submergence at Stoplog gate 19 top is 1 meter～3 meters, it is not more than 3 meters with the depth of water in ensureing fish lock 5, ensure that the water velocity between two fish lock side walls 20 is 0.5 meter per second～1.5 meter per seconds simultaneously；Ensure that the water velocity in fish pass main body 4 is 0.5 meter per second～1.5 meter per seconds, is especially suitable for luring the migration shoal of fish to trace back according to this.Fish lock early-stage work door 18 local is opened, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 standard-sized sheet, prepare to start to cross fish process next time.
Water body crosses Stoplog gate 19 from upper pond 7, and the local of fish lock early-stage work door 18 is opened, and controls current entrance tunnel formula and imitates the flow of nature fish pass；Water smoothes out after flowing through stiling basin 17 energy dissipating substantially, enters before fish pass main body 4, and the depth of water is in the fish pass scope of design of 1 meter～3 meters, and tunnel formula imitates the fluidised form of water body in nature fish pass and flow velocity also meets target and crosses fish eyes target and trace back demand.The local opening degree of fish lock early-stage work door 18 is imitated the depth of water within nature fish pass and flow velocity by tunnel formula, fluidised form determines.
Then, current, by entering room, next stage fish pass pond 12 after fish perps 11 Dissipation excessively between long constriction plate 9.1 and short contraction version 9.2, finally flow out from fish pass import 1.So, fish lock is set by imitating nature fish pass upstream in tunnel formula, controls while tunnel formula imitates the depth of water within nature fish pass and flow velocity, fluidised form, it is ensured that it is pressure free current that tunnel formula imitates Water-flow whole-course in nature fish pass.
After fish migration goes out tunnel, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 cuts out, and fish lock is filled with water to flush with upper pond level.Now, fish lock early-stage work gate 18 and Stoplog gate 19 standard-sized sheet, move and catch up with fish device 16 upstream to move from fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, Fish are driven to upper pond 15.Then, 19 times lock dash of Stoplog gate, cleaning door 21 local in fish lock downstream opens and water fish lock within slow transits through tunnel formula imitates nature fish pass and leak in underwater bed 14, and movement simultaneously catches up with fish device 16 to move near fish lock downstream cleaning door 21.The local opening degree of fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 is also imitated the depth of water within nature fish pass and flow velocity by tunnel formula, fluidised form determines.The opening time of fish lock downstream cleaning door 21, from the beginning of 19 times lock dash of Stoplog gate, till the depth of water in fish lock is less than 3 meters.Finally, by regulating the water retaining height of Stoplog gate 19 so that in the range of the depth of water of Stoplog gate more than 19 is in 1 meter～3 meters, fish lock early-stage work door 18 local is opened, fish lock downstream cleaning door 21 standard-sized sheet, starts to cross fish process next time.
Tunnel formula of the present invention is imitated nature fish pass and is combined comprehensive layout of fish lock and can substitute tradition fish pass open cut technique, it is provided that a kind of brand-new fish pass mentality of designing, fish pass main body 4 is arranged on inside massif.This structure is particularly well-suited to the landform that dam site riverbed is narrow, massif height in two sides is steep；And little to massif destructiveness, it is ensured that the living environment of two sides terrestrial organism, original ecological environment can be protected to greatest extent.Traditional approach open cut fish pass needs profoundly to excavate massif, and fish pass both sides can form high steep excavation slope, has not only broken up original ecological environment, and the design difficulty of its slope reinforcement supporting is big, and construction requirement technology is high, involves great expense.And the tunnel formula designed by the present invention imitate nature fish pass compare tradition fish pass for, not only protect original ecological environment, and difficulty of designing and constructing be low, quantities is little, cost relative moderate.In fish pass main body 4 of the present invention, long constriction plate 9.1 and the energy dissipating effect of short constriction plate 9.2, make flow rate of water flow control, in the range of target crosses perception flow velocity and the limit velocity of fish object, the shoal of fish of migration to be made to swim across fish pass main body 4 smoothly, walk around dam body, complete migration.In fish pass main body 4 of the present invention, it is inlaid with cobble 10, is provided with luminaire 13, make described fish pass main body 4 well imitate the natural environment on natural riverbank, the shoal of fish that can allow migration adapts to environment around, swims across fish pass smoothly for the shoal of fish of migration and further provides favourable condition.
Meanwhile, tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, upstream is minimum cross fish and water position and under swim across the head difference between fish and water position, the fish pass main body 4 of nature fish pass can be imitated by tunnel formula and overcome.When upper pond level is in, upstream is minimum to be crossed near fish and water position, be i.e. the depth of water that formed in fish lock 5 of the water body in upper pond 15 in the range of 1 meter～3 meters time, continuous way can be realized and cross fish.Upstream is minimum to be crossed fish and water position and upstream and most exceeds the head difference between fish and water position, can be overcome by the fish lock 5 being arranged in tunnel formula and imitating nature fishway exit section, that is to say that can realize discontinuous when the depth of water that the water body in upper pond 15 formed in fish lock is more than 3 meters crosses fish.
Due to Fish enter rely on after fish lock 5 increase of the internal water body of fish lock 5 to overcome upstream is minimum crosses fish and water position and upstream and most exceed the head difference between fish and water position, therefore Fish are in this section without overcoming the resistance to water-flow can be by fish lock 5, and therefore this is crossed fish mode and accelerated fish speed to a certain extent.
Tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout pattern of fish lock, it is possible to adaptation upper pond range of stage is big, change rapid situation, overcomes the tradition fish pass deficiency in this aspect.
Other unspecified part is prior art.
Claims (6)
1. a tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, underwater bed (14) and upper pond (15) waters is connected by fish pass main body (4), it is characterised in that: described fish pass main body (4) is arranged on inside the massif on Power Plant (8) side；Fish pass import (1) is arranged in the underwater bed (14) of Power Plant (8)；Fishway exit (7) is arranged in the upper pond (15) of Power Plant (8)；
The upstream side of described fish pass main body (4) connects fish lock (5), is disposed with in described fish lock (5) bottom-up trip: fish lock downstream cleaning door (21), fish lock early-stage work door (18) and Stoplog gate (19)；Stiling basin (17) it is additionally provided with on base plate between fish lock downstream cleaning door (21) and fish lock early-stage work door (18)；Arrange on two fish lock side walls (20) between fish lock downstream cleaning door (21) and Stoplog gate (19) to move and catch up with fish device (16).
Tunnel formula the most according to claim 1 is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, it is characterized in that: the depth of water between two fish lock side walls (20) is 1 meter～3 meters, the spacing of two fish lock side walls (20) is no less than 2 times of the longest the fish eyes standard type length；The spacing of two the fish lock side walls (20) no less than 5 times of the distance between fish pass main body (4) and Stoplog gate (19).
Tunnel formula the most according to claim 1 and 2 is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, it is characterised in that: described fish lock downstream cleaning door (21) is plain batton door, and fish lock early-stage work door (18) is plain batton door or arc-shaped door.
Tunnel formula the most according to claim 3 is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, it is characterized in that: described stiling basin (17) is sinkage type structure, both sides are fish lock side wall (20), and upstream side is slope, downstream is vertical plane, bottom surface level；Upstream side distance fish lock early-stage work door (18) of stiling basin (17) is no less than 0.5 meter.
Tunnel formula the most according to claim 4 is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock, it is characterised in that: described movement catches up with the minimum range of fish device (16) distance fish pass main body (4) to be 0.5 meter～1.5 meters；The mobile minimum range catching up with fish device (16) distance fish lock early-stage work door (18) is 0.5 meter～1.5 meters.
Tunnel formula the most according to claim 5 is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive using method arranged of fish lock, it is characterised in that: the water velocity between two fish lock side walls (20) is 0.5 meter per second～1.5 meter per seconds.
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| CN201521104690.1U CN205776113U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Tunnel formula is imitated nature fish pass and is combined the comprehensive layout of fish lock |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105735210A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-07-06 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Comprehensive arrangement of combining tunnel-type nature-like fishway with fish lock and application method thereof |
| CN107905186A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 成都芯云天科技有限公司 | Integrate the spiral shape building type fish pass system of sightseeing and drift function |
-
2015
- 2015-12-25 CN CN201521104690.1U patent/CN205776113U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105735210A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-07-06 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Comprehensive arrangement of combining tunnel-type nature-like fishway with fish lock and application method thereof |
| CN105735210B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2019-02-05 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Tunnel formula imitates the arragement construction and its application method of nature fish pass combination fish lock |
| CN107905186A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-13 | 成都芯云天科技有限公司 | Integrate the spiral shape building type fish pass system of sightseeing and drift function |
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