Biomass fast pyrogenation system
Technical field
This utility model belongs to chemical field, and specifically, this utility model relates to a kind of biomass fast pyrogenation system.
Background technology
Biomass energy is the fourth-largest resource of the earth, is only second to coal, oil, natural gas, is also the regenerative resource of reserves maximum simultaneously.Biomass have the features such as widely distributed, rich reserves, recyclability, low stain, are one of most potential fossil energy alternative energy sources.
Biomass fast pyrogenation refers to, under conditions of anaerobic or limit oxygen, be rapidly heated biomass to about 550 DEG C, convert biomass into the process of bio oil, charcoal and pyrolysis gas within the extremely short time.Biomass fast pyrogenation technology is by direct for the biomass energy maximally effective approach of conversion solution fuel.At present, more ripe on the market main fluid bed fast pyrolysis of biomass fast pyrogenation technique and solid heat carrier rapid pyrolysis are main.But no matter which kind of method, all exists impurity content in bio oil high, the last handling process of bio oil is complicated, poor effect and relatively costly so that it is be difficult to industrial applications.Current dust pelletizing system is external, need to add attemperator in dust arrester outer end and temperature is wayward, cause the condensation of part biological oil or second pyrolysis occurs, causing bio oil productivity to reduce, complex process.
Utility model content
In order to solve the problems referred to above, this utility model provides a kind of biomass fast pyrogenation system.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of biomass fast pyrogenation system, including hopper 1, feeding screw 2, fast pyrogenation stove 3 and spiral discharging device 5, hopper 1 is connected with feeding screw 2, feeding screw 2 is connected with the material inlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3, the material outlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3 is connected with spiral discharging device 5, it is characterized in that: fast pyrogenation stove 3 also includes circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4, circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 is partially embedded in fast pyrogenation stove 3;Circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 includes dirt pocket 4-2, riser 4-3, collection chamber 4-5, wherein, the top of riser 4-3 connects with the top of dirt pocket 4-2, and the bottom of riser 4-3 connects with the bottom of dirt pocket 4-2, and dirt pocket 4-2 and riser 4-3 is connected composition loop checking installation;Dirt pocket 4-2 is positioned at fast pyrogenation stove 3, riser 4-3 and collection chamber 4-5 and is positioned at outside fast pyrogenation stove 3;Dirt pocket 4-2 stretches into the sidewall of fast pyrogenation furnace interior and is provided with on the sidewall that duct 4-6, dirt pocket 4-2 be adjacent with collection chamber 4-5 and dirt pocket 4-2 and collection chamber 4-5 shares and is again provided with duct 4-6;The top of riser 4-3 is provided with air vent 4-1, and the bottom of riser 4-3 is provided with blast cap 4-4.
Preferably, circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 also includes that in the pipeline that dividing plate 4-7, dividing plate 4-7 are arranged on the bottom of connection dirt pocket 4-2 and the bottom of riser 4-3, dividing plate 4-7 is push-pull valve or butterfly valve.
Preferably, a diameter of 2-10mm of described duct 4-6, described duct 4-6 are evenly distributed on the sidewall of dirt pocket 4-2.
Preferably, the sidewall of described collection chamber 4-5 is provided with pyrolysis oil gas vent 3-5.
Preferably, described fast pyrogenation stove 3 also includes cloth trachea, cloth trachea nozzle 3-1, radial canal 3-2, fuel gas inlet 3-3, exhanst gas outlet 3-4, wherein cloth trachea be arranged at the underface of fast pyrogenation stove 3 material inlet, radial canal 3-2 multi-tier arrangement in the inside of fast pyrogenation stove 3, fuel gas inlet 3-3 is arranged on the sidewall of fast pyrogenation stove 3 and is positioned at the lower section of cloth trachea, exhanst gas outlet 3-4 is arranged on fast pyrogenation stove 3 sidewall and is positioned at the lower section of fuel gas inlet 3-3.
Further, described cloth trachea nozzle 3-1 is 200~600mm with the distance of the material inlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Further, described radial canal 3-2 uses interlaced arrangement mode in fast pyrogenation stove 3, and the distance between radial canal is 100~500mm.
Preferably, also include that a heat exchanger 6, a described heat exchanger 6 are connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Preferably, also include that No. two heat exchangers 9, described No. two heat exchangers 9 are connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Preferably, also include that rotary kiln 10, described rotary kiln 10 are connected with hopper 1 and No. two heat exchangers 9.
Preferably, also include that clean unit 11, described clean unit 11 are connected with No. two heat exchangers 9.
Preferably, also include that coke quencher 7, described coke quencher 7 are joined directly together with a heat exchanger 6.
Preferably, also include that charcoal warehouse 8, described charcoal warehouse 8 are connected with coke quencher 7.
Preferably, the particle diameter of filter medium is 5-20mm.
Preferably, filter medium is Ceramic Balls.
Use above-mentioned biomass fast pyrogenation system, biomass material is delivered in hopper 1, biomass are delivered in fast pyrogenation stove 3 by biomass material through feeding screw 2, even drop down after the cloth gas cloth of cloth gas jets 3-1 ejection simultaneously, in dropping process, biomass material directly contacts generation fast pyrogenation with radial canal 3-2, the pyrolysis oil gas obtained carries out dedusting by the dirt pocket of circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4, and charcoal is discharged by spiral discharging device 5;Native system bio oil productivity is high, impurity content is few, it is not necessary to additional dust arrester, cost-effective.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: circulating granular bed cleaner unit is arranged at fast pyrogenation furnace interior, without adding external heat source, dust arrester temperature is slightly below fire box temperature, second pyrolysis or the condensation of tar can be prevented effectively from, bio oil purification and impurity removal technique is simple, the filter medium of dust arrester can be recycled, and efficiency of dust collection is high, simple to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of biomass pyrolysis system of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fast pyrogenation stove of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of circulating granular bed cleaner unit of the present utility model.
Wherein: 1, hopper, 2, feeding screw, 3, fast pyrogenation stove, 3-1, cloth trachea nozzle, 3-2, radial canal, 3-3, fuel gas inlet, 3-4, exhanst gas outlet, 3-5, pyrolysis oil gas vent, 4, circulating granular bed cleaner unit, 4-1, air vent, 4-2, dirt pocket, 4-3, riser, 4-4, blast cap, 4-5, collection chamber, 4-6, duct, 4-7 dividing plate, 5, spiral discharging device, 6, a heat exchanger, 7, coke quencher, 8, charcoal warehouse, 9, No. two heat exchangers, 10, rotary kiln, 11, clean unit, 12, bio oil storage tank.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, this utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain this utility model, is not used to limit this utility model.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
A kind of biomass fast pyrogenation system, including hopper 1, feeding screw 2, fast pyrogenation stove 3 and spiral discharging device 5, hopper 1 is connected with feeding screw 2, feeding screw 2 is connected with the material inlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3, the material outlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3 is connected with spiral discharging device 5, fast pyrogenation stove 3 also includes circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4, and circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 is partially embedded in fast pyrogenation stove 3;Circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 includes dirt pocket 4-2, riser 4-3, collection chamber 4-5, wherein, the top of riser 4-3 connects with the top of dirt pocket 4-2, and the bottom of riser 4-3 connects with the bottom of dirt pocket 4-2, and dirt pocket 4-2 and riser 4-3 is connected composition loop checking installation;Dirt pocket 4-2 is positioned at fast pyrogenation stove 3, riser 4-3 and collection chamber 4-5 and is positioned at outside fast pyrogenation stove 3;Dirt pocket 4-2 stretches into the sidewall of fast pyrogenation furnace interior and is provided with on the sidewall that duct 4-6, dirt pocket 4-2 be adjacent with collection chamber 4-5 and dirt pocket 4-2 and collection chamber 4-5 shares and is again provided with duct 4-6;The top of riser 4-3 is provided with air vent 4-1, and the bottom of riser 4-3 is provided with blast cap 4-4.
Circulating granular bed cleaner unit 4 also includes that in the pipeline that dividing plate 4-7, dividing plate 4-7 are arranged on the bottom of connection dirt pocket 4-2 and the bottom of riser 4-3, dividing plate 4-7 is push-pull valve or butterfly valve.
A diameter of 2-10mm of described duct 4-6, described duct 4-6 are evenly distributed on the sidewall of dirt pocket 4-2.
The sidewall of described collection chamber 4-5 is provided with pyrolysis oil gas vent 3-5.
Described fast pyrogenation stove 3 also includes cloth trachea, cloth trachea nozzle 3-1, radial canal 3-2, fuel gas inlet 3-3, exhanst gas outlet 3-4, wherein cloth trachea be arranged at the underface of fast pyrogenation stove 3 material inlet, radial canal 3-2 multi-tier arrangement in the inside of fast pyrogenation stove 3, fuel gas inlet 3-3 is arranged on the sidewall of fast pyrogenation stove 3 and is positioned at the lower section of cloth trachea, exhanst gas outlet 3-4 is arranged on fast pyrogenation stove 3 sidewall and is positioned at the lower section of fuel gas inlet 3-3.
Described cloth trachea nozzle 3-1 is 200~600mm with the distance of the material inlet of fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Described radial canal 3-2 uses interlaced arrangement mode in fast pyrogenation stove 3, and the distance between radial canal is 100~500mm.
Also include that a heat exchanger 6, a described heat exchanger 6 are connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Also include that No. two heat exchangers 9, described No. two heat exchangers 9 are connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3.
Also include that rotary kiln 10, described rotary kiln 10 are connected with hopper 1 and No. two heat exchangers 9.
Also include that clean unit 11, described clean unit 11 are connected with No. two heat exchangers 9.
Also include that coke quencher 7, described coke quencher 7 are joined directly together with a heat exchanger 6.
Also include that charcoal warehouse 8, described charcoal warehouse 8 are connected with coke quencher 7.
The particle diameter of filter medium is 5-20mm.
Filter medium is Ceramic Balls.
Described coke quencher 7 carries out quenching process for centering temperature charcoal;A described heat exchanger 6 is connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3 and coke quencher 7, in order to high-temperature biological charcoal and flue gas carry out heat exchange, obtain mesopilous organisms charcoal and one-level heat exchange flue gas;Described No. two heat exchangers 9 are connected with fast pyrogenation stove 3, in order to high temperature pyrolysis oil gas and one-level heat exchange flue gas carry out heat exchange, obtain middle warm and solve oil gas and secondary heat exchange flue gas;Facilitate the use contained sensible heat in high temperature pyrolysis oil gas, improve the efficiency of energy utilization of system;Described rotary kiln 10 is connected with hopper 1 and No. two heat exchangers 9, in order to secondary heat exchange flue gas, for biomass material carries out preheating and drying, improves biomass pyrolytic efficiency;Described clean unit 11 is connected with No. two heat exchangers 9, in order to centering warm solves oil gas and carries out condensation cleaning process, obtains bio oil and pyrolysis gas;Described hopper 2 is arranged at fast pyrogenation stove 3 top and is joined directly together with described feeding screw 2, for storing the biomass material through preheating and drying;Described charcoal warehouse 8 is connected with coke quencher 7, in order to store the charcoal processed through quenching;Described bio oil storage pipe 12 is connected with clean unit 11, in order to the bio oil obtaining purified cell processing stores.
The workflow of the present embodiment is: by the wood flour of particle diameter 1mm-3mm in rotary kiln 10 is delivered to hopper 1 after drying, it is delivered in fast pyrogenation stove 3 by feeding screw 2, wood flour, after cloth gas uniform distribution, relies on self gravitation to fall simultaneously and fast pyrogenation reaction occurs;High-temperature biological charcoal is delivered to a heat exchanger 6 through spiral discharging device defeated 5 and is carried out heat exchange with flue gas, obtains mesopilous organisms charcoal and one-level heat exchange flue gas, and mesopilous organisms charcoal is delivered to coke quencher 7 and carried out quenching process;High temperature pyrolysis oil gas carries out heat exchange by entering into No. two heat exchangers 9 after dirt pocket 4-2 dust removal by filtration with one-level heat exchange flue gas, obtain middle warm and solve oil gas and secondary heat exchange flue gas, middle warm solution oil gas is delivered to clean unit 11 and is carried out condensation cleaning process, the bio oil obtained stores to bio oil storage tank 12, and pyrolysis gas is delivered to radial canal 3-2 and provided energy for radial canal 3-2.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described high temperature pyrolysis oil gas is the product that biomass obtain through fast pyrogenation, temperature range 400 DEG C-550 DEG C;Middle warm solution oil gas is the product after high temperature pyrolysis oil gas and one-level heat exchange flue gas heat exchange, temperature range 300 DEG C-400 DEG C;High-temperature biological charcoal is the product that biomass obtain through fast pyrogenation, temperature range 400 DEG C-500 DEG C;Mesopilous organisms charcoal is the product after high-temperature biological charcoal and flue gas heat exchange, temperature range 200 DEG C-350 DEG C;Flue gas is radial canal expellant gas, temperature range 50 DEG C-70 DEG C;One-level heat exchange flue gas is the product after flue gas and high-temperature biological charcoal heat exchange, temperature range 100 DEG C-180 DEG C;Secondary heat exchange flue gas is the product after one-level heat exchange flue gas and high temperature pyrolysis oil gas heat exchange, temperature range 150 DEG C-250 DEG C.
When the wood flour of particle diameter 1mm-3mm is delivered in hopper 1 after rotary kiln is dried 10, it is delivered in fast pyrogenation stove 3 (550 DEG C) by feeding screw 2, wood flour, after cloth gas uniform distribution, relies on self gravitation to fall simultaneously and fast pyrogenation reaction occurs;High-temperature biological charcoal (450 DEG C) is delivered to a heat exchanger 6 through spiral discharging device defeated 5 and is carried out heat exchange with flue gas (55 DEG C), obtaining mesopilous organisms charcoal (270 DEG C) and one-level heat exchange flue gas (155 DEG C), mesopilous organisms charcoal is delivered to coke quencher 7 and is carried out quenching process;High temperature pyrolysis oil gas (500 DEG C) carries out heat exchange by entering into No. two heat exchangers after dirt pocket 4-2 dust removal by filtration with one-level heat exchange flue gas (155 DEG C), obtain middle warm and solve oil gas (380 DEG C) and secondary heat exchange flue gas (225 DEG C), middle warm solution oil gas is delivered to clean unit 11 and is carried out condensation cleaning process, the bio oil obtained stores to bio oil storage tank 12, and pyrolysis gas is delivered to radial canal 3-2 and provided energy for radial canal 3-2.The bio oil productivity 56.4% that pyrolysis obtains, wherein bio oil moisture content 35.4%, bio oil dustiness is reduced to 2.4% by 8.5%.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the present utility model for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff can carry out various change and amendment completely in the range of without departing from this utility model technological thought.The content that the technical scope of this utility model is not limited in description, it is necessary to determine its technical scope according to right.