CN205670477U - High-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator and air compressor - Google Patents
High-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator and air compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN205670477U CN205670477U CN201620288339.0U CN201620288339U CN205670477U CN 205670477 U CN205670477 U CN 205670477U CN 201620288339 U CN201620288339 U CN 201620288339U CN 205670477 U CN205670477 U CN 205670477U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator.The armature of magnetic level both sides it is arranged on including magnetic level, gap, magnetic level and armature are provided with magnet exciting coil, iron core and two armature provide excitation path for magnet exciting coil, permanent magnetic field and the increase of normal force or reduction is regulated and controled by being passed through small area analysis in magnet exciting coil, realize electromagnetic actuator or the Guan Bi of brake and open, solve the electromagnetic actuators such as existing electric magnet, the operating current of brake and maintain that electric current is big, noise is big, volume is big, from the problem such as great.Have simple in construction, low cost, stable action, active force is big, impact the remarkable advantages such as little, noise is low, safe and reliable, volume is little, light weight, easy to maintenance, power consumption is low, life-span length, enormously simplify electromagnetic actuator, brake structural.This utility model can be applicable to multiple fields such as universal electromagnetic executor, brake, compressor, crane lifting, traffic and transportation system.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to electro-mechanical arts, be specifically related to a kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator and brake or
Compressor.
Background technology
The electromagnetic actuator such as electric magnet, YE has been widely used for all trades and professions.As a example by electric magnet, existing
Electric magnet mainly have electrical excitation and two kinds of structures of composite excitation, the former is fixed core and dynamic iron core, the latter of band magnet exciting coil
The fixed core or dynamic iron core of band magnet exciting coil also post permanent magnet and realizes the composite excitation of permanent magnetism, electrical excitation.Electrical excitation is tied
Structure is the simplest, but electromagnetic force need to overcome whole carrying, maintain electric current relatively big, and the advantage of composite excitation is electromagnetic actuation
Rear permanent magnetic attraction helps to overcome a part of carrying, maintain electric current to reduce, but also brings the increase of equivalent operation air gap, operating current
The new problems such as sharp increase.Composite excitation structure mainly has hidden pole type and salient pole type two kinds.Salient pole type structure is as it is shown in figure 1, at least
One piece of permanent magnet (direction of magnetization longitudinally or radially, points to the noseiron of both sides) is clipped between two blocks of noseirons, adjacent permanent magnet
The direction of magnetization is contrary, collects and form N, S noseiron pole alternately and the setting of fixed core matched in clearance on noseiron, and magnet exciting coil is general
Being arranged on fixed core, the non-working-gap side of this structural requirement noseiron pole is non-magnetic yoke portion and requires enough thickness
Or not setting yoke portion as enough thickness air sections so that permanent magnetic field (magnetic line of force) flows mostly to fixed core side, but can not
Avoid still there is quite a few permanent magnetic field, energy (up to more than 30%) drains to non-magnetic yoke portion or outer air suffers, to the greatest extent
Pipe salient pole type leakage field is big, and permanent magnet can not make full use of, but the most saturated feature in magnetic field it is formed permanent magnetic field, suction
Strong than non-salient pole structure, but the feature that yoke portion is non-magnet material or air (being difficult to the most greatly because of magnetic resistance constitute electrical excitation path) is certainly
Having determined its exciting current installing magnet exciting coil needs offer additional and output power is very big, caused electric magnet volume big, cost is high.Right
In hidden pole type structure, as in figure 2 it is shown, yoke portion is that magnetic conduction iron yoke is so that as a magnetic flux path part, the permanent magnetism that N, S are alternately arranged
Body (direction of magnetization is along normal direction air gap direction) is pasted onto in magnetic conduction iron yoke and arranges with fixed core matched in clearance, and magnet exciting coil is arranged on
On fixed core or be arranged in permanent magnet magnetic conduction iron yoke behind for producing electrical excitation field, this structure permanent magnetic field leakage field is little, but
Owing to permanent magnet can regard the hollow coil of energising as, effective air gap is big, the magnetic field that it is formed be difficult to saturated, magnetic field is strong, electromagnetism
Suction is typically little compared with salient pole, and permanent magnet thickness (along normal direction air gap direction), for electrical excitation magnetic circuit, can regard air-gap as,
The biggest magnetic resistance and magnetic pressure fall can be caused so that electrical excitation magnetic potential (i.e. exciting current and the product of coil turn) is most of to consume
Suffer to permanent magnet equivalence air-gap, be equivalent to working gas gap and add several times, therefore it needs exciting current and power supply of providing
Power is the biggest, and coil easily generates heat, and also causes electric magnet sufficiently bulky, and cost is high, be typically simply possible to use in working gas gap the least,
The occasion of permanent magnet very thin thickness, for most application scenarios, it is difficult to meet and use requirement.Additionally, above-mentioned electric magnet is used in system
The big impulse stroke (big working gas gap) such as dynamic device, heavy duty field are as opening (declutching) power source, in order to overcome the biggest braking
The heavy load power such as spring force, there is also electromagnetic actuation electric current excessive (up to maintaining tens times of electric current even decades of times),
Maintain electric current compared with the inherent shortcoming such as big, volume is excessive, it has also become to restrict the bottleneck problem of its engineer applied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to solve existing electricity including electric magnet, catalyst to greatest extent
Magnetic executor and the structure such as brake, compressor are complicated, action and maintenance electric current is big, noise is big, volume is big, ask from great etc.
Topic.
The technical solution of the utility model realizes with following method:
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, is arranged on armature and the magnetic level of magnetic level both sides including magnetic level, gap
At least one is provided with and encourages with in one or two output mechanism being connected in two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes
Magnetic coil, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, the iron core that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set
Forming with magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path.
Further, described magnetic level is cylindrical structure, least one set the iron core and the magnet that are radially arranged alternately form.
Further, described magnetic level is flat structure, is made up of along iron core and the magnet being longitudinally arranged alternately least one set.
Further, shell is also included, it is characterised in that one or two normal direction in magnetic level and armature three is slided and arranged
Being connected in the enclosure and with output mechanism, output mechanism stretches out shell.
Further, described output mechanism, magnetic level, back-moving spring or stopping means are set between armature and shell.
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic brake, including frictional damping mechanism and with driving that frictional damping mechanism is connected
Motivation structure, described drive mechanism includes that magnetic level, gap are arranged in the armature of magnetic level both sides and magnetic level and armature three
Or two connected output mechanisms, output mechanism is connected with at least one frictional damping mechanism, in magnetic level and two armature threes
At least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, and the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, and described magnetic level is by least one
Iron core and magnet that group is arranged alternately form, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature are formed
Excitation path.
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic air compressor, the magnetic level including housing, being arranged in housing, gap are arranged
In the armature of magnetic level both sides, magnetic level and two armature threes, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, the gas that magnet exciting coil is formed
Gap magnetic direction is normal orientation, and iron core and magnet that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set form, filling of adjacent magnets
Magnetic direction relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, or two in magnetic level and two armature threes
Individual normal direction is slidably arranged in housing and as the piston of air compressor.
The utility model discloses a kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator.It is arranged on magnetic level including magnetic level, gap
The armature of both sides, with one or two output mechanism being connected in magnetic level and two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes
In at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, and described magnetic level is by least
One group of iron core being arranged alternately and magnet composition, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, iron core and two armature shapes
Become excitation path.Increase or the reduction of permanent magnetism normal force is controlled, it is achieved electromagnetism by being passed through smaller current in magnet exciting coil
Ferrum or the Guan Bi of brake and open, solve existing electric magnet, catalyst, brake action and maintain that electric current is big, noise big,
Volume is big, from the problem such as great.Have simple in construction, low cost, stable action, active force is big, it is little to impact, noise is low, safety
Reliably, volume is little, light weight, the remarkable advantage such as easy to maintenance, power consumption is low, life-span length, enormously simplify electromagnetic actuator, braking
Device structure.This utility model can be applicable to universal electromagnetic executor, brake, compressor, crane lifting, traffic and transportation system etc.
Multiple fields.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is composite excitation actuator structure schematic diagram in prior art.
Fig. 3 is this utility model plate electromagnetic actuator structure principle chart.
Fig. 4 is the electromagnetic actuator structure principle chart of this utility model magnetic level band magnet exciting coil.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are this utility model column type electromagnetic actuator structure principle chart.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is the structural representation of this utility model electromagnetic actuator.
Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12 are this utility model electromagnetic brake structural representation.
Figure 13 is this utility model one air compressor structure schematic diagram.
In accompanying drawing: 1 iron core, 2 magnets, 3 output mechanisms, 4 magnet exciting coils, 5 spot-type disc brakes, 6 direct-acting type brakes, 7
Magnetic level, 8 armature, 9 braking rail, 10 back-moving springs, 11 shells, 13 sliding pairs, 32 noseirons, 33 fixed cores, 34 permanent magnets, 100 pressures
Contracting machine body.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment this utility model made further elaboration below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As it is shown on figure 3, include that magnetic level, gap are arranged on the armature of magnetic level both sides, magnetic level is by one group of iron core being arranged alternately
Forming with magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and in two armature, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, encourages
The air-gap magnetic field direction that magnetic coil is formed is normal orientation, and iron core and two armature are that magnet exciting coil provides excitation path.False
If air gap imbalance side, both sides is big, side is little, when the electric current in magnet exciting coil is zero (power-off), magnetic level is by both sides armature
Uneven suction and be drawn to the side that air gap is little, if being now passed through excitation in the magnet exciting coil of the big side iron core of air gap
Electric current makes the direction consistent with the direction of this side permanent magnetic field (i.e. increase magnetic and produce suction) of the exciting field that it produces, simultaneously at gas
The magnet exciting coil of the side iron core that gap is little is passed through the direction of the exciting field that another exciting current makes it produce with this side forever
(i.e. degaussing and produce repulsive force) in opposite direction in magnetic field, under suction and repulsive force " one inhales a row " common effect, magnetic level will
It is drawn to the side that air gap is big.Air gap before appropriate design adhesive and after adhesive, and make magnetic level and back-moving spring or tripping spring phase
Even (to make magnetic level can reset after a loss of power or apply brake force), so that it may so that magnetic level (power-off) before adhesive is subject to braking bullet
The force action of the unbalanced permanent magnetic attraction of spring force and side, adhesive moment is magnet exciting coil offer due to iron core and two armature
Excitation path, the operating current being passed through the most not quite just can make moving armature adhesive, and relies primarily on opposite side injustice after adhesive
Weighing apparatus permanent magnetic maintains adhesive, the maintenance electric current that is passed through the least (can maintain the existence of electric current only to ensure that after power-off
Magnetic level under spring force can reliable reset).By this utility model there being magnetic level and tradition two band excitations without magnetic level
The FEM Numerical Simulation of coil armature shows, under the same terms, this utility model has the operating current of magnetic level and maintains electric current
It is only traditional without about the 1/4 of magnetic level, or under identical operating current, brake force, electromagnetic actuator of the present utility model or braking
The volume of device is only tradition and is substantially reduced without about the 1/3 of magnetic level, volume, deadweight.Achieve small area analysis and regulate and control big magnetic field, and then
Control the biggest normal direction brake force, actually also play the effect of a kind of reinforcement.
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of the magnetic level of band magnet exciting coil, and magnet exciting coil is arranged on the iron core in magnetic level.Fig. 5, figure
6, Fig. 7 is column type magnetic level structure, least one set the iron core and the magnet that are radially arranged alternately form, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, figure
The action principle of 7 is similar to the above.
Described magnet is monolithic magnet or one group of magnet, or polylith magnet that is identical by polarity or that differ forms, as
With yoke portion or without the halbach magnet array in yoke portion.Magnet is the magnetic materials such as permanent magnet, electrical excitation body, superconducting magnet, root
Depending on concrete needs.In general, the preferential strong magnetic permanent-magnet using NdFeB material to make.
According to above-mentioned principle, make electric magnet, electromagnetic actuator and deadman's brake and suit somebody to a T.By magnetic level or rank
Ferrum is connected with frictional damping mechanism brake block or brake arm, it is not necessary to external force drives, and only just can control by itself being passed through small area analysis
Normal gap, being gradually increased or be gradually reduced and realize steadily closing or opening merit of electromagnetic actuator or brake of normal force
Energy.
Embodiment 1 ~ 3 is as shown in Fig. 3 ~ 9:
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, is arranged on armature and the magnetic level of magnetic level both sides including magnetic level, gap
At least one is provided with and encourages with in one or two output mechanism being connected in two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes
Magnetic coil, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, the iron core that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set
Forming with magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, described magnetic level
For cylindrical structure, least one set the iron core and the magnet that are radially arranged alternately form.Described output mechanism, magnetic level, rank
Between ferrum and shell or back-moving spring or stopping means can be set the most as required.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, is arranged on armature and the magnetic level of magnetic level both sides including magnetic level, gap
At least one is provided with and encourages with in one or two output mechanism being connected in two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes
Magnetic coil, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, the iron core that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set
Forming with magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, described magnetic level
For flat structure, it is made up of along iron core and the magnet being longitudinally arranged alternately least one set.Described output mechanism, magnetic level, rank
Between ferrum and shell or back-moving spring or stopping means can be set the most as required.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, is arranged on armature and the magnetic level of magnetic level both sides including magnetic level, gap
At least one is provided with and encourages with in one or two output mechanism being connected in two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes
Magnetic coil, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, the iron core that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set
Forming with magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, magnetic level and rank
In one or two normal direction in ferrum three is slidably arranged in shell and being connected with output mechanism, output mechanism stretches out shell.Institute
The output mechanism stated, magnetic level, between armature and shell or back-moving spring or stopping means can be set the most as required.
Embodiment 4 is as shown in Figure 10 ~ 12.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic brake, including frictional damping mechanism and with driving that frictional damping mechanism is connected
Motivation structure, described drive mechanism includes that magnetic level, gap are arranged in the armature of magnetic level both sides and magnetic level and armature three
Or two connected output mechanisms, output mechanism is connected with at least one frictional damping mechanism, in magnetic level and two armature threes
At least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, and the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, and described magnetic level is by least one
Iron core and magnet that group is arranged alternately form, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature are formed
Excitation path.Described output mechanism, magnetic level, between armature and shell or can arrange the most as required back-moving spring or
Stopping means.
Embodiment 5
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic air compressor, the magnetic level including housing, being arranged in housing, gap are arranged
In the armature of magnetic level both sides, magnetic level and two armature threes, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, the gas that magnet exciting coil is formed
Gap magnetic direction is normal orientation, and iron core and magnet that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set form, filling of adjacent magnets
Magnetic direction relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, or two in magnetic level and two armature threes
Individual normal direction is slidably arranged in housing and as the piston of air compressor.Described output mechanism, magnetic level, armature and shell it
Between or back-moving spring or stopping means can be set the most as required.
Embodiment 6 is as shown in figure 13.
Embodiment 6
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic air compressor, it is characterised in that include compressor body and and compressor
Body be connected drive mechanism, it is characterised in that described drive mechanism include magnetic level, gap be arranged on magnetic level both sides armature,
With one or two output mechanism being connected in magnetic level and armature three, output mechanism and at least one frictional damping mechanism phase
Even, in magnetic level and two armature threes, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, and the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is method
To direction, iron core and magnet that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set form, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or
Deviating from, iron core and two armature form excitation path, and output mechanism is connected with compressor body.Described output mechanism, magnetic level,
Between armature and shell or be arranged as required to back-moving spring or stopping means each other.
In above-described embodiment, the iron core end face in magnetic level can also be slotted and be become the iron core of fluting, as required at iron core
Magnet exciting coil is may also set up on tooth.
High-performance described in the utility model bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, ingenious applies double-flanged end construction features,
It is provided with bilateral through conducting magnet core in the middle of the armature of both sides, provides passage, magnetic resistance and leakage for straight (friendship) stream magnetic excitation circuit
Magnetic is greatly reduced, and power density and normal force are significantly increased.The normal direction main magnetic circuit of permanent magnet of the present utility model and excitation
The normal direction main magnetic circuit of regulating winding can reach almost Perfect in theory simultaneously, say, that permanent magnet and energising Excitation Adjustment nodel line
Circle magnetic potential is the least in two armature interior zone energy losses, is nearly all used for participating in energy converting between mechanical, and this encourages at normal tape
Being unapproachable in the electric magnet of magnetically condition, therefore, normal force can reach more than the 200% of general electromagnet, and needed for encourage
Magnetic power is little, plays the effect of " one or two dials hundred jin " reinforcement.Thus solve the electromagnetic actuators such as existing electric magnet and exert oneself little, power
The bottleneck problem of the long-term engineering constraint application such as greatly, cost is high, volume is big, it is provided that a kind of simple in construction, normal force are big, sexual valence
Than high high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator.
Above-described embodiment only for technology of the present utility model design and feature are described, its object is to allow and is familiar with technique
Personage will appreciate that content of the present utility model and implement according to this, protection domain of the present utility model can not be limited with this.
All equivalence changes made according to this utility model spirit or modification, all should contain at protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator, it is characterised in that include that magnetic level, gap are arranged on the rank of magnetic level both sides
Ferrum, with in one or two output mechanism being connected in magnetic level and two armature threes, magnetic level and two armature threes at least one
The individual magnet exciting coil that is provided with, the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, and described magnetic level is replaced by least one set
The iron core arranged and magnet composition, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation and lead to
Road.
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic level is circle
Columnar structures, least one set the iron core and the magnet that are radially arranged alternately form.
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic level is flat
Plate profile structure, is made up of along iron core and the magnet being longitudinally arranged alternately least one set.
A kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include shell,
It is characterized in that, in magnetic level is slidably arranged in shell with one or two normal direction in armature three and be connected with output mechanism,
Output mechanism stretches out shell.
5. according to a kind of high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic actuator described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that described
Output mechanism, magnetic level, back-moving spring or stopping means are set between armature and shell.
6. a high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic brake, including frictional damping mechanism and the driving that is connected with frictional damping mechanism
Mechanism, it is characterised in that described drive mechanism includes that magnetic level, gap are arranged on the armature of magnetic level both sides and magnetic level and armature three
One or two output mechanism being connected in person, output mechanism is connected with at least one frictional damping mechanism, magnetic level and two
In armature three, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, and the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is normal orientation, described magnetic
Iron core and magnet that level is arranged alternately by least one set form, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or deviates from, iron core and two
Individual armature forms excitation path.
7. a high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic air compressor, it is characterised in that include housing, the magnetic being arranged in housing
Level, gap are arranged on the armature of magnetic level both sides, and in magnetic level and two armature threes, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, excitation wire
The air-gap magnetic field direction that circle is formed is normal orientation, and iron core and magnet that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set form, phase
The magnetizing direction of adjacent magnet relatively or deviates from, and iron core and two armature form excitation path, in magnetic level and two armature threes
One or two normal direction be slidably arranged in housing and as the piston of air compressor.
8. a high-performance bilateral normal direction electromagnetic air compressor, it is characterised in that include compressor body and with compressor this
Body be connected drive mechanism, it is characterised in that described drive mechanism include magnetic level, gap be arranged on magnetic level both sides armature and
Magnetic level and one or two output mechanism being connected in armature three, output mechanism and at least one frictional damping mechanism phase
Even, in magnetic level and two armature threes, at least one is provided with magnet exciting coil, and the air-gap magnetic field direction that magnet exciting coil is formed is method
To direction, iron core and magnet that described magnetic level is arranged alternately by least one set form, the magnetizing direction of adjacent magnets relatively or
Deviating from, iron core and two armature form excitation path, and output mechanism is connected with compressor body.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107968614A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 远景能源(江苏)有限公司 | Demagnetization guard method applied to magneto |
CN113262972A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 湖南大学 | Electromagnetic structure and electromagnetic transducer |
-
2016
- 2016-04-08 CN CN201620288339.0U patent/CN205670477U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107968614A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 远景能源(江苏)有限公司 | Demagnetization guard method applied to magneto |
CN113262972A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 湖南大学 | Electromagnetic structure and electromagnetic transducer |
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