CN2056695U - Mechanical directin changing steel cable oil pumping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical direction changing steel wire rope type oil pumping machine, belonging to one kind of non-walking beam type oil pumping machines in mechanical oil exploitation equipment in an oil field. The utility model puts forward a mechanical reversing mechanism whose roller positive speed and reverse speed, i.e. the upper stroke speed and the lower stroke speed of an oil pumping machine are oppositely adjusted, a roller structure which can make the torque of the start points and the terminal points of an upper stroke and a lower stroke reduced, and a corresponding balance system. Thereby, the novel oil pumping machine has the advantages of strong adaptability, reliable running, and saving energy saving.

Description

Mechanical directin changing steel cable oil pumping machine

The utility model belongs to a kind of of no beam pumping unit in the oil field machinery oil equipment.The characteristics of prior art are at present: one, adopt bevel gear reversing mechanism.Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram.Two bevel gears 2 and 3 of kink on output shaft 5 mesh with drive bevel gear 1 simultaneously in gear-box, utilize jaw clutch 4 to make output shaft 5 obtain the moment of torsion output of forward and reverse same rotational speed.Two, adopt roller frame shown in Figure 2 and balance sysmte.Swift 6 two ends respectively have a doffer 7 by cam surface 8 with both smooth connections, steel cable 9 is connected with sucker rod 10 by top sheave 13, steel cable 11 passes through top sheave 14 and is connected with balance weight 12.Fig. 2 a represents the general situation of upper and lower stroke, and steel cable 9 and 11 is all from swift 6 overlaps, and two steel cable power equate that to the arm of force of drum shaft oil pumper gear-box moment of torsion is normal.Fig. 2 b represents upper punch terminal point situation.Steel cable 11 is still at swift 6 overlaps at this moment, and steel cable 9 moves on to doffer 7 overlaps through cam surface 8, and 11 pairs of drum shaft arm of forces of the steel cable that pulling force is little like this do not become, and 9 pairs of drum shaft arm of forces of steel cable that pulling force is big reduce, and the gear-box moment of torsion diminishes.The principle that diminishes towards terminal point gear-box moment of torsion is that 9 pairs of drum shaft arm of forces of the little steel cable of pulling force do not become down, and 11 pairs of drum shaft arm of forces of steel cable that pulling force is big reduce.Like this, gear-box was all worked under the very little condition of moment of torsion when cylinder commutated at every turn, guaranteed that commutation is reliable, and the commutation element life-span is long.

But there are two problems in said structure: one, what changement adopted is the bevel gear structure, this structures shape the forward and backward speed of drum shaft equate, non-adjustable relatively.Thereby can not satisfy special hole condition to upper punch and under the unequal oil production technology requirement of speed of breasting the tape.They are two years old, though gear-box can be worked under the very little condition of moment of torsion when cylinder commutated at every turn, but but be added to upper and lowerly on starting point at the upper and lower that part of moment of torsion that is reduced towards terminal point, made gear-box produce very big torque peak, increased the weight of the burden of engine extraly.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of upper and lower adjustable relatively towards speed, and the upper and lower mechanical commutation wire-rope oil pumping machine structure that all diminishes towards starting point and terminal point gear-box moment of torsion is with defective and the deficiency that overcomes prior art.Main feature is:

One, adopts externally-engaged cylindrical gear transmission and changement.Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram.Gear 15 and 16 kinks on output shaft 17, its switched in opposite.Make cylinder obtain forward and backward by jaw clutch 18.The number of teeth of adjusting gear 20,21 and 16 can make oil pumper obtain the upper and lower linear velocity that equates and do not wait of dashing, to enlarge the accommodation of oil pumper.

Two, a kind of special roller frame and corresponding balance sysmte have been designed.Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram.One end of steel cable 22 is connected with sucker rod 23, and the other end is by top sheave 24 balance weight 25 of ining succession.One end of steel cable 26 balance weight 25 of ining succession, the other end is wrapped on the swift 28 by lower sheave 27.One end of steel cable 29 is wrapped on the swift 30, and the other end is by top sheave 31 balance weight 25 of also ining succession.Fig. 4 a represents the general situation of upper and lower stroke, and steel cable 26 and 29 whiles are at the swift 28 and 30 overlaps of equal diameters.Fig. 4 bA represents that to view the two ends of swift 28 and 30 have a doffer 32,33 and 34,35 respectively, and these two swifts and four doffers have just constituted so-called special cylinder.Fig. 4 b represents the situation of oil pumper upper punch terminal point.This moment, steel cable 26 moved on to doffer 32 overlaps from swift 28 along grooving, and the position of doffer 32 makes the rope stretching point of steel cable 26 to cylinder axis O point distance minimum (can equal zero) just.Meanwhile steel cable 29 has moved on to doffer 34 overlaps from swift 30 along grooving, the rope stretching point that the position of doffer 34 makes steel cable 29 just to cylinder axis O apart from minimum (can equal zero).Situation towards terminal point under the oil pumper is opposite with upper punch, and promptly steel cable 26 is from doffer 33 overlaps, and steel cable 29 is from doffer 35 overlaps.The benefit of bringing like this is: the first, and drum shaft is the torque load minimum during in upper punch with down towards terminal point, and the stressed minimum of commutation element of commutation moment oil pumper guarantees that commutation is reliable, and the life-span is long.The second, drum shaft during in upper punch with down towards starting point torque load also minimum, oil pumper is worked under the condition stably at moment of torsion, therefore save the energy.

It is as follows to implement this programme supplementary notes:

One, the structure on jaw clutch two side gears can be by enforcement shown in Figure 5.Base 36 is installed on the gear 37, door 39 restriction clutch chain wheels 38 axial floats.Fig. 5 a represents to have on the base 36 several active pieces 40 to protrude in the x plane.What respective numbers was also arranged on the chain wheel 38 is protruded in the H face of cylinder by motion block 41, and both are staggered to settle and at circumferencial direction certain free gap is arranged, and spring 42 plays buffering and reset response in this gap.Fig. 5 b is that the jaw clutch tooth is in conjunction with schematic diagram.Chain wheel 38 among the chain wheel 44 representative graph 5a, it ceaselessly slowly rotates along the Y direction, chain wheel 43 P vertically advances part situation about combining in the axial direction of geared surface C and D when combining with it, as there is not a gap at Fig. 5 a medi-spring 42 places, C face and D face reach that to combine required thrust fully bigger, only overcome less spring force when gapped and just can finish easily.To guarantee no matter when combination smoothly of clutch.

Two, cylinder can be implemented by structure shown in Figure 6.Fig. 6 a is single cylinder, two ends respectively have a doffer 45 and 46 and swift 47 in circle tangent, the relative position of doffer 1 and 2 on axis projection depends on the stroke size of oil pumper.Fig. 6 b represent single cylinder 48 that two Fig. 6 a are such and 49 and middle card rope plate 50 form the special cylinder of oil pumpers.Cylinder 48 should meet principle shown in Fig. 4 b with 49 relative setting angle.

Three, lazy-tongs can be implemented by structure shown in Figure 7, and axle 51 is output shafts of gear-box, and its end is loaded onto cylinder 52 other ends and loaded onto worm screw 53, is fixing swing arm 55 on the worm gear 54, and control pincers 57 are connected with swing arm 55 by connecting rod 56.The slideway 58 that control pincers 57 edges are parallel to axle 51 moves back and forth, and (Fig. 8) stirs dental forceps clutch 59 indirectly by toggle mechanism.Like this, control pincers 57 move back and forth synchronous with turning to of cylinder all the time with corner.Control pincers 57 required initial positions and mobile range can be by the length of connecting rod 56, and the length of the gearratio of worm gear pairs and swing arm 55 is regulated.

Four, toggle mechanism can be implemented by structure shown in Figure 8.Push rod 64 1 ends are connected with pivoted arm 63, and the other end penetrates in the hole of rotating bearing 65, because 64 pairs of pivoted arms 63 of effect push rod of spring 66 have a thrust all the time, pivoted arm 63 kinks are on vertical shaft 61, by umbrella shape plate 62 control vertical shaft 61 and shift forks 60.Moved when crossing dead point D by the B position when pivoted arm 63 is subjected to control that Fig. 7 controls pincers, the effect of pivoted arm 63 drawn stems 64 breaks away from the control of control pincers and shifts the C position fast onto.The pivoted arm 63 one section idle stroke that gets ahead just contacts with the E face of umbrella shape plate 62 then in this process, and driving shift fork 60 changes an angle, and this angle makes the dental forceps clutch break away from previous the wheel in conjunction with a back wheel just and finishes the commutation action.

Five, the general arrangement of oil pumper can be implemented by Fig. 9.Motor 67 gear-box 68(include balanced controls, toggle mechanism, braking mechanism etc.), cylinder 69 and 79, derrick 70 grades are installed on the base 71.Steel cable 80 is duplex types, and an end is joining balance weight 74, and the other end is connected with sucker rod 73 through double grooved pulley 72.Steel cable 75 1 ends are joining balance weight 74, and the other end is wound on the cylinder 69 through top sheave 76, and steel cable 78 1 ends are wrapped in that the other end is connected with balance weight 74 through lower sheave 77 on the cylinder 79.

Claims (1)

1, the mechanical commutation wire-rope oil pumping machine belongs to a kind of of no beam pumping unit in the oil field machinery oil equipment, and feature of the present utility model is:

1), carry out the gear-box of oil pumper cylinder commutation action, its drive all is made up of externally-engaged cylindrical gear; Reverse clutch places kink between two gears of the switched in opposite on the output shaft, and the forward and backward angular velocity of output shaft can be regulated by the relevant gear number of teeth;

2) be to compose in parallel in order to the special cylinder that reduces upper and lower stroke starting point of oil pumper and terminal point driving torque by two identical cylinder group, this cylinder group is made of the eccentric doffer at swift and its two ends, and spiral steel cable groove tangent place of circle in swift and doffer seamlessly transits.

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