WO2004001184A1 - An oil pumping unit with a supporting pipe - Google Patents

An oil pumping unit with a supporting pipe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004001184A1
WO2004001184A1 PCT/CN2003/000301 CN0300301W WO2004001184A1 WO 2004001184 A1 WO2004001184 A1 WO 2004001184A1 CN 0300301 W CN0300301 W CN 0300301W WO 2004001184 A1 WO2004001184 A1 WO 2004001184A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
riser
pumping unit
ball nut
centering
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000301
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Hualin Li
Original Assignee
Hualin Li
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hualin Li filed Critical Hualin Li
Priority to AU2003236159A priority Critical patent/AU2003236159A1/en
Publication of WO2004001184A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004001184A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
    • F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil production machine, and more particularly to a riser oil production machine in which an oil production machine is disposed directly above a wellhead. Background technique
  • the oil extraction machine used in oilfields in various countries is usually a beam pumping unit and a chain pumping unit.
  • the structure design of the chain pumping unit is not reasonable and the life is low.
  • the motor drives the transmission system consisting of the connecting rod of the boom.
  • the beam is driven by the connecting rod of the boom to realize the commutation.
  • the weight of the sucker rod and the oil column are indirectly balanced by the rotating counterweight.
  • the mechanical equipment of this pumping unit is huge and the balance is not easy. Adjustment, large energy consumption, and difficult to achieve long stroke operation, so this pumping unit needs further improvement.
  • 3 is a positioning balanced beam pumping unit, which changes the balancing device to a balance block suspended from the tail of the beam or the cross beam, which can make the work load of power equipment more balanced and reduce the overall machine. Manufacturing cost, but failed to solve the problem of increased stroke.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing pumping units described above, and provide a riser pumping unit, which directly sets the pumping unit riser directly above the wellhead, adopts a ball screw transmission method, and the pumping rod is directly and balanced.
  • the blocks are balanced to simplify the structure, increase the stroke, reduce the amount of materials used, reduce the production cost of the equipment, and also save energy consumption.
  • the present invention provides a standpipe pumping unit, which includes a standpipe, a sucker rod, a balance weight, a motor, and a transmission system.
  • a transmission mechanism for up and down operation of the sucker rod is provided in the riser.
  • the transmission mechanism is composed of an intermeshing ball nut and a ball screw, wherein an upper end of the sucker rod is fixedly connected with the ball nut and an upper end of the ball screw Supported on the upper part of the riser, a gear is arranged at the lower end thereof, and a gear box is arranged near the gear.
  • the gear is drivingly connected with a transmission motor fixedly arranged near the wall of the riser through the gear box.
  • the upper part of the riser is provided with a pulley and a traction suspension rope bypassing the pulley.
  • One end of the traction suspension rope is connected with a balance weight, and the other end is connected with a ball nut.
  • a limit block and anti-collision device of the balance weight is provided at an appropriate position on the outer wall of the riser.
  • a centering wheel which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser can be provided on the outside of the ball nut.
  • a centering wheel in contact with the inner wall of the riser is provided on the outer side of the ball nut to form a vertical stand.
  • the balance weight is sleeved on the outside of the riser in the form of an annular balance weight, and the annular balance weight is provided with a centering wheel that is in contact with the outer wall of the riser.
  • centering wheels provided by the ring-shaped balance weight constitute three groups of centering wheels evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the riser, and each group of centering wheels is provided with two centering wheels along the upper and lower sides.
  • the upper end of the sucker rod can pass through the center of the ball nut and be fixed by a fixing member.
  • the fixing member at the upper end of the sucker rod is a square card fixing member.
  • the up and down movement of the ball nut is realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor.
  • the riser is equipped with a balance weight.
  • the top of the riser is provided with a pulley and a traction suspension rope.
  • One end of the traction suspension rope is connected to the ring balance weight.
  • a limit block and anti-collision device of the balance block is arranged at an appropriate position on the outer wall of the riser.
  • the lower end of the riser is provided with a flange connected to the wellhead.
  • the advantage of the invention is that because the ball nut and ball screw are used as the transmission mechanism of the sucker rod, the screw pair is rolling, the resistance and torque are small, the energy consumption is small, and the operation can be determined according to the requirements of different stroke sizes. Length for long stroke operation.
  • the direct balance structure has a high degree of balance, and the direct balance structure runs smoothly with low vibration.
  • the whole structure of the riser pumping unit of the present invention is simplified, the stroke is increased, the amount of material used is reduced, and the production cost of the equipment is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a riser pumping unit according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a ball nut of a standpipe pumping unit according to the present invention, taken along a horizontal direction.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a ball nut of the present invention in a vertical direction, that is, a longitudinal section of a sucker rod.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal or horizontal cross-sectional view of the ball nut according to the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3. Specific embodiment
  • the riser pumping unit of the present invention includes a riser, a sucker rod, a weight, a motor, and a transmission system.
  • the riser 1 of the present invention has a built-in meshing ball nut 2 and a ball screw 3.
  • the center of the ball nut 2 passes through the sucker rod 4 and is connected to the sucker rod.
  • a square clip can be used to fix the sucker rod and the ball nut at the upper end of the sucker rod 4 passing through the ball nut.
  • the upper end of the ball screw 3 is supported on the top of the riser 1, and the lower end of the ball screw 3 is inserted into a gear box 5, which is connected to a motor 6 fixed on the wall of the riser 1.
  • the outer tube 1 of the riser 1 is equipped with a ring-shaped balance weight 7, and a pulley 8 and a traction suspension line 9 are provided on the top.
  • the traction suspension line 9 is connected to the ring balance weight 7 at one end, and connected to the ball nut 2 across the pulley 8 at the other end.
  • a position-limiting collision avoidance device 10 is provided at a proper position.
  • a centering wheel 11 which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser can be provided on the outside of the ball nut.
  • the outside of the ball nut 2 is provided with a centering wheel 11 which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser.
  • each group of centering wheels 11 is provided with two up and down.
  • the centering wheel is shown in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 2 Also shown in FIG. 2 is a threaded hole 21 through which the ball nut 2 passes through the ball screw 3. Details of the threaded hole will be described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the balance weight 7 is sleeved on the outside of the riser in the form of a ring-shaped balance weight, and the ring-shaped balance weight is provided with a centering wheel 12 in contact with the outer wall of the riser.
  • centering wheels 12 provided on the ring-shaped balance weight can be uniformly distributed along the circumference to form three or three groups of centering wheels, like the centering wheels 11 provided on the outside of the ball nut 2. If three groups of centering wheels 12 are provided, each group of centering wheels 12 is provided with two centering wheels along the upper and lower sides. The lower end of the riser is provided with a flange connected to the wellhead.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the ball nut 2 of the present invention in a vertical direction, that is, a longitudinal section of the sucker rod.
  • the threaded hole 21 formed by the ball nut can be clearly seen.
  • a ball 23 is provided in the threaded groove.
  • the figure also shows that a ball channel 24 is formed outside the peripheral wall of the threaded hole 21 adjacent to the peripheral wall, and the channel communicates from the upper port of the threaded groove to the lower port of the threaded groove, so that the ball nut 2 is replaced by the ball During the transmission of the screw 3, the ball 23 driven by the ball screw 3 can be rolled from the upper thread groove into the lower thread groove.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal or horizontal cross-sectional view of the ball nut according to the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3.
  • the centering wheel 11 is arranged on the ball nut 2 by a bearing, and three or three groups of the centering wheel 11 are uniformly distributed corresponding to the inner wall of the riser 1.
  • Reference numeral 21 in the figure is a threaded hole of the ball nut 2.
  • the present invention may also use one centering wheel.
  • the centering wheel is disposed on the opposite side of the threaded hole 21 of the ball nut 2 shown in FIG. 4, and the two centering wheels adjacent to the ball nut threaded hole 21 are omitted, and where the centering wheel is omitted, a section with the centering wheel is omitted.
  • the arc of the inner wall of the riser is replaced by a circular arc with the same arc, so that the arc can make smooth contact with the inner wall of the riser.
  • the operation mode of the riser pumping unit of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the lower end of the riser pumping unit riser 1 is fixedly connected to the wellhead, the motor 6 is started, and the ball screw 3 drives the ball nut 2 to move upwards.
  • the oil rod 4 is lifted upwards to realize oil extraction, and at the same time, the ring-shaped balance weight 7 moves downwards.
  • the motor rotates in the reverse direction according to the setting procedure of the control cabinet, driving the ball screw 3 to reverse, and oil is pumped.
  • the rod 4 moves downward.
  • the motor rotates in the reverse direction again according to the setting procedure of the control cabinet, and the next lifting of the sucker rod 4 starts.
  • the control cabinet can change the forward and reverse rotation speeds of the motor 6 so that the upward speed, that is, the lifting speed of the sucker rod 4 is fast, and the downward speed is slow, that is, the sucker rod 4 moves slowly downward, which increases the oil pumping.
  • Machine efficiency especially when the oil is relatively viscous, this operation mode is more favorable.
  • the stroke and stroke of the pumping unit can be automatically adjusted according to the fluid supply capacity of the oil well.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates an oil pumping unit comprising a support pipe (1), a pumping rod (4), a balance weight (7), a motor and a transmission system installed in the support pipe (1). The transmission system comprises a nut and a screw between which balls are installed. The pumping rod (4) is attached to the nut (2) at its upper end. The upper end of the screw (3) is connected to the upper end of the support pipe (1) and the lower end of it to a gear in a gear housing (5). The gear is connected to the motor through the gear housing (5). The balance weight (7) is installed outside of the support pipe (1), on the tope of which a pulley (8) is installed. One end of a cable (9) is connected to the balance weight (7) and another end of it is connected to the nut (2). A Collision-­preventing device (10) for the balance weight (7) is installed outside of the support pipe (1). The resistance produced during the relative movement between the nut (2) and the screw (3) is reduced with less waste of energy.

Description

立管抽油机 技术领域  Riser Pumping Unit Technical Field
本发明涉及的是有关采油机械， 尤其是涉及一种将采油机直接设置在井 口上方的立管采油机。 背景技术  The present invention relates to an oil production machine, and more particularly to a riser oil production machine in which an oil production machine is disposed directly above a wellhead. Background technique
目前在各国油田所使用的采油机机械中， 通常为游梁式抽油机和链条式 抽油机， 其中链条式抽油机的结构设计不尽合理， 寿命低； 游梁式抽油机由 电机带动转臂连杆组成的传动系统， 由转臂连杆带动游梁实现换向， 由旋转 配重间接平衡抽油杆重和油柱重， 这种抽油机的机械设备庞大， 平衡不易调 整， 能耗大， 不易实现长冲程作业， 因此这种抽油机则需要进一步的改 进。 中国专利 ZL98236411. 3 为一种定位平衡式游梁抽油机， 其将平衡装置 改由悬挂在游梁尾部或横梁上的平衡块构成， 能使动力设备的工作负载更加 均衡， 降低了整机的制造成本， 但未能解决增大冲程问题。 发明内容  At present, the oil extraction machine used in oilfields in various countries is usually a beam pumping unit and a chain pumping unit. The structure design of the chain pumping unit is not reasonable and the life is low. The motor drives the transmission system consisting of the connecting rod of the boom. The beam is driven by the connecting rod of the boom to realize the commutation. The weight of the sucker rod and the oil column are indirectly balanced by the rotating counterweight. The mechanical equipment of this pumping unit is huge and the balance is not easy. Adjustment, large energy consumption, and difficult to achieve long stroke operation, so this pumping unit needs further improvement. Chinese patent ZL98236411. 3 is a positioning balanced beam pumping unit, which changes the balancing device to a balance block suspended from the tail of the beam or the cross beam, which can make the work load of power equipment more balanced and reduce the overall machine. Manufacturing cost, but failed to solve the problem of increased stroke. Summary of the Invention
本发明的目的是克服上述现有抽油机的缺点，提供一种立管抽油机， 其 将抽油机立管直接设置在井口上方， 采用滚珠丝杠传动方式， 抽油杆直接与 平衡块进行平衡， 从而使结构简化， 增大了冲程， 减少材料用量， 降低了设 备的生产成本， 同时还节省了能耗。  The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing pumping units described above, and provide a riser pumping unit, which directly sets the pumping unit riser directly above the wellhead, adopts a ball screw transmission method, and the pumping rod is directly and balanced. The blocks are balanced to simplify the structure, increase the stroke, reduce the amount of materials used, reduce the production cost of the equipment, and also save energy consumption.
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案来实现的， 本发明提供了一种立管抽 油机， 其包括立管、 抽油杆、 平衡块、 电机、 传动系统， 其特征在于，所述 的立管内设置有用于抽油杆上下运行的传动机构， 该传动机构是由相互啮合 的滚珠螺母和滚珠丝杠组成， 其中抽油杆上端与所述滚珠螺母固定连接， 所 述的滚珠丝杠上端支撑在立管上部， 其下端装有齿轮， 在该齿轮附近设置有 齿轮箱， 所述齿轮通过所述的齿轮箱与固定设置在立管壁附近的传动电机传 动连接， 立管外装有平衡块， 在立管上部设有滑轮和绕过滑轮的牵引悬 绳， 牵引悬绳一端连接平衡块， 另一端与滚珠螺母连接， 在立管外壁适当位 置设有平衡块的限位防撞装置。  The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions. The present invention provides a standpipe pumping unit, which includes a standpipe, a sucker rod, a balance weight, a motor, and a transmission system. A transmission mechanism for up and down operation of the sucker rod is provided in the riser. The transmission mechanism is composed of an intermeshing ball nut and a ball screw, wherein an upper end of the sucker rod is fixedly connected with the ball nut and an upper end of the ball screw Supported on the upper part of the riser, a gear is arranged at the lower end thereof, and a gear box is arranged near the gear. The gear is drivingly connected with a transmission motor fixedly arranged near the wall of the riser through the gear box. The upper part of the riser is provided with a pulley and a traction suspension rope bypassing the pulley. One end of the traction suspension rope is connected with a balance weight, and the other end is connected with a ball nut. A limit block and anti-collision device of the balance weight is provided at an appropriate position on the outer wall of the riser.
有利的是， 所述的滚珠螺母外侧可设有与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮。 较好地， 所述的滚珠螺母外侧设有与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮构成沿立 管内壁圆周均匀分布的 3组扶正轮， 每组扶正轮沿上下设有 2个扶正轮。 Advantageously, a centering wheel which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser can be provided on the outside of the ball nut. Preferably, a centering wheel in contact with the inner wall of the riser is provided on the outer side of the ball nut to form a vertical stand. There are 3 groups of centering wheels evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the tube. Each group of centering wheels is provided with 2 centering wheels along the top and bottom.
有益的是， 平衡块以环形平衡块的形式套装在立管外侧， 环形平衡块设 有与立管外壁相接触的扶正轮。  Beneficially, the balance weight is sleeved on the outside of the riser in the form of an annular balance weight, and the annular balance weight is provided with a centering wheel that is in contact with the outer wall of the riser.
进一步， 环形平衡块所设扶正轮构成沿立管外壁圆周均匀分布的 3组扶 正轮， 每组扶正轮沿上下设有 2个扶正轮。  Further, the centering wheels provided by the ring-shaped balance weight constitute three groups of centering wheels evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the riser, and each group of centering wheels is provided with two centering wheels along the upper and lower sides.
另外， 其中抽油杆上端可穿过所述滚珠螺母的中央并被一固定件固定。 优选地， 所述的抽油杆上端的固定件是方卡固定件。  In addition, the upper end of the sucker rod can pass through the center of the ball nut and be fixed by a fixing member. Preferably, the fixing member at the upper end of the sucker rod is a square card fixing member.
还有益的是， 所述的滚珠丝杠上端支撑在立管顶部。  It is also beneficial that the upper end of the ball screw is supported on the top of the riser.
通过电机的正反转而实现滚珠螺母的上下运动； 立管外装有平衡块， 在 立管顶部设有滑轮和牵引悬绳， 牵引悬绳一端连接环形平衡块， 另一端与滚 珠螺母连接， 在立管外壁适当位置设有平衡块的限位防撞装置。 立管下端设 有与井口连接的法兰。  The up and down movement of the ball nut is realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. The riser is equipped with a balance weight. The top of the riser is provided with a pulley and a traction suspension rope. One end of the traction suspension rope is connected to the ring balance weight. A limit block and anti-collision device of the balance block is arranged at an appropriate position on the outer wall of the riser. The lower end of the riser is provided with a flange connected to the wellhead.
本发明的优点是由于采用滚珠螺母与滚珠丝杠作为抽油杆的传动机 构， 使其螺旋副为滚动运动， 阻力和扭矩均很小， 能耗少， 同时可根据不同 冲程大小的要求确定运行长度， 实现长冲程作业。 此外直接平衡结构的平衡 度高， 直接平衡结构运行平稳， 振动小。 本发明的立管抽油机的整机结构被 得以简化， 增大了冲程， 减少了材料的使用量， 从而降低了设备的生产成 本。 附图说明  The advantage of the invention is that because the ball nut and ball screw are used as the transmission mechanism of the sucker rod, the screw pair is rolling, the resistance and torque are small, the energy consumption is small, and the operation can be determined according to the requirements of different stroke sizes. Length for long stroke operation. In addition, the direct balance structure has a high degree of balance, and the direct balance structure runs smoothly with low vibration. The whole structure of the riser pumping unit of the present invention is simplified, the stroke is increased, the amount of material used is reduced, and the production cost of the equipment is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图 1是本发明的立管抽油机的结构示意图  FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a riser pumping unit according to the present invention.
图 2是本发明立管抽油机的滚珠螺母沿水平方向剖视的放大的构造示意 图。  Fig. 2 is a schematic enlarged sectional view of a ball nut of a standpipe pumping unit according to the present invention, taken along a horizontal direction.
图 3是本发明滚珠螺母的沿竖直方向， 即抽油杆的纵向剖视的放大的示 意图。  FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a ball nut of the present invention in a vertical direction, that is, a longitudinal section of a sucker rod.
图 4是本发明滚珠螺母对应图 3的横向或水平剖面示意图。 具体实施例  FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal or horizontal cross-sectional view of the ball nut according to the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3. Specific embodiment
下面结合附图所给出的优选实施例进一步描述本发明的结构， 但不限于 所述的实施例。 通过以下的描述使得对本发明的目的， 结构和优点有更加深 刻的了解。  The structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the preferred embodiments given in the accompanying drawings, but is not limited to the described embodiments. Through the following description, the purpose, structure and advantages of the present invention will be better understood.
参考附图 1和 2， 本发明的立管抽油机包括立管、 抽油杆、 平衡块、 电 机、 传动系统。 本发明的立管 1内置相互啮合的滚珠螺母 2和滚珠丝杠 3， 滚珠螺母 2中央穿过抽油杆 4并与抽油杆连接。 例如可用方卡子在抽油 杆 4穿过滚珠螺母的上端将抽油杆和滚珠螺母固定。 滚珠丝杠 3上端支撑在立 管 1顶部， 其下端插入齿轮箱 5， 该齿轮箱与固定在立管 1壁上的电机 6连 接。 立管 1外套装有环形平衡块 7， 顶部设有滑轮 8和牵引悬绳 9， 牵引悬 绳 9一端连接环形平衡块 7， 另一端跨过滑轮 8与滚珠螺母 2连接， 在立管 1外 壁适当位置设有平衡块的限位防撞装置 10。 有利的是， 所述的滚珠螺母外侧 可设有与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮 11。 较好地， 所述的滚珠螺母 2外侧设有 与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮 11较好的是设有沿圆周均布的 3组扶正轮， 每组 扶正轮 11沿上下设有 2个扶正轮， 如图 2所示。 图 2中还示出了滚珠螺母 2供滚 珠丝杠 3穿过的螺纹孔 21。 该螺纹孔的细节， 将参见图 3进行描述。 有益的 是， 平衡块 7以环形平衡块的形式套装在立管外侧， 环形平衡块设有与立管 外壁相接触的扶正轮 12。 而且， 环形平衡块所设扶正轮 12可以像滚珠螺母 2 外侧设置的扶正轮 11那样， 沿圆周均匀分布形成 3个或 3组扶正轮。 若设 3组 扶正轮 12， 则每组扶正轮 12沿上下设有 2个扶正轮。 立管下端设有与井口连 接的法兰。 Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the riser pumping unit of the present invention includes a riser, a sucker rod, a weight, a motor, and a transmission system. The riser 1 of the present invention has a built-in meshing ball nut 2 and a ball screw 3. The center of the ball nut 2 passes through the sucker rod 4 and is connected to the sucker rod. For example, a square clip can be used to fix the sucker rod and the ball nut at the upper end of the sucker rod 4 passing through the ball nut. The upper end of the ball screw 3 is supported on the top of the riser 1, and the lower end of the ball screw 3 is inserted into a gear box 5, which is connected to a motor 6 fixed on the wall of the riser 1. The outer tube 1 of the riser 1 is equipped with a ring-shaped balance weight 7, and a pulley 8 and a traction suspension line 9 are provided on the top. The traction suspension line 9 is connected to the ring balance weight 7 at one end, and connected to the ball nut 2 across the pulley 8 at the other end. A position-limiting collision avoidance device 10 is provided at a proper position. Advantageously, a centering wheel 11 which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser can be provided on the outside of the ball nut. Preferably, the outside of the ball nut 2 is provided with a centering wheel 11 which is in contact with the inner wall of the riser. Preferably, there are 3 groups of centering wheels evenly distributed along the circumference, and each group of centering wheels 11 is provided with two up and down. The centering wheel is shown in Figure 2. Also shown in FIG. 2 is a threaded hole 21 through which the ball nut 2 passes through the ball screw 3. Details of the threaded hole will be described with reference to FIG. 3. Beneficially, the balance weight 7 is sleeved on the outside of the riser in the form of a ring-shaped balance weight, and the ring-shaped balance weight is provided with a centering wheel 12 in contact with the outer wall of the riser. In addition, the centering wheels 12 provided on the ring-shaped balance weight can be uniformly distributed along the circumference to form three or three groups of centering wheels, like the centering wheels 11 provided on the outside of the ball nut 2. If three groups of centering wheels 12 are provided, each group of centering wheels 12 is provided with two centering wheels along the upper and lower sides. The lower end of the riser is provided with a flange connected to the wellhead.
图 3是本发明滚珠螺母 2沿竖直方向， 即抽油杆的纵向剖视的放大的示意 图。 图中， 可清楚地看到该滚珠螺母形成的螺纹孔 21， 在该螺纹孔 21中有螺 紋槽 22， 在该螺纹槽中， 设置有滚珠 23， 当滚珠丝杠 3沿螺纹孔 21螺旋地被 旋入螺紋孔 21后， 由于有滚珠 23， 使得滚珠丝杠 3与滚珠螺母 2的接触也形成 滑动接触， 因此， 使得滚珠丝杠 3与滚珠螺母 2的配合更加平滑， 因此减轻了 传动负荷。 另外， 图中还示出了在螺纹孔 21的圆周壁以外邻近圆周壁的地 方， 形成滚珠通道 24， 该通道从螺纹槽的上端口连通到螺纹槽的下端口， 以 便在滚珠螺母 2由滚珠丝杠 3的传动过程中， 由滚珠丝杠 3带动的滚珠 23， 可 从上端的螺纹槽， 滚入下端的螺紋槽。 另外， 图 3中， 也可以看到滚珠螺母 2 上沿竖直方向设置的 2个形成一组的扶正轮 11。  Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the ball nut 2 of the present invention in a vertical direction, that is, a longitudinal section of the sucker rod. In the figure, the threaded hole 21 formed by the ball nut can be clearly seen. There is a threaded groove 22 in the threaded hole 21. In the threaded groove, a ball 23 is provided. When the ball screw 3 is spirally along the threaded hole 21 After being screwed into the screw hole 21, the ball 23 makes the contact between the ball screw 3 and the ball nut 2 in sliding contact, so that the cooperation between the ball screw 3 and the ball nut 2 is smoother, thereby reducing the transmission load. . In addition, the figure also shows that a ball channel 24 is formed outside the peripheral wall of the threaded hole 21 adjacent to the peripheral wall, and the channel communicates from the upper port of the threaded groove to the lower port of the threaded groove, so that the ball nut 2 is replaced by the ball During the transmission of the screw 3, the ball 23 driven by the ball screw 3 can be rolled from the upper thread groove into the lower thread groove. In addition, in FIG. 3, it can also be seen that there are two centering wheels 11 formed in a group on the ball nut 2 in the vertical direction.
图 4是本发明滚珠螺母对应图 3的横向或水平剖面示意图。 图中， 可更 清楚地看到滚珠螺母 2的扶正轮 11的安装构成情况。 该扶正轮 11由轴承安置 在滚珠螺母 2上， 并且， 相应于立管 1的内壁形成均匀分布的 3个或 3组扶正轮 11。 图中的标号 21为滚珠螺母 2的螺纹孔。  FIG. 4 is a schematic horizontal or horizontal cross-sectional view of the ball nut according to the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3. In the figure, the installation structure of the centering wheel 11 of the ball nut 2 can be seen more clearly. The centering wheel 11 is arranged on the ball nut 2 by a bearing, and three or three groups of the centering wheel 11 are uniformly distributed corresponding to the inner wall of the riser 1. Reference numeral 21 in the figure is a threaded hole of the ball nut 2.
另外， 本发明也可采用 1个扶正轮。 例如该扶正轮设置在图 4所示的滚珠 螺母 2的螺紋孔 21的相对侧， 而将邻近滚珠螺母螺纹孔 21的两个扶正轮省 去， 而在省去扶正轮的地方， 用一段与立管内壁弧度一致的圆弧代替， 使得 该圆弧与立管内壁形成光滑接触即可。 本发明的立管抽油机的操作方式如图 1所示， 将立管抽油机立管 1的下端 与井口连接固定， 启动电机 6， 滚珠丝杠 3带动滚珠螺母 2向上运动， 将抽油 杆 4向上提， 实现抽油， 同时， 环形平衡块 7向下运动， 当达到设定的冲程 时， 电机按控制柜的设定程序反向旋转， 带动滚珠丝杠 3反转， 抽油杆 4向下 运动， 当达到设定的冲程时， 电机按控制柜的设定程序再次反向旋转， 开始 下一次抽油杆 4的向上提升。 所述的控制柜可改变电机 6的正、 反向转速， 可 使上行速度， 即抽油杆 4提升速度快， 而下行速度慢， 即抽油杆 4向下运动 慢， 这样增加了抽油机的效率， 尤其油比较粘稠的时候， 这种运行方式更为 有利。 同时可根据油井的供液能力自动调整抽油机的冲程和冲次。 In addition, the present invention may also use one centering wheel. For example, the centering wheel is disposed on the opposite side of the threaded hole 21 of the ball nut 2 shown in FIG. 4, and the two centering wheels adjacent to the ball nut threaded hole 21 are omitted, and where the centering wheel is omitted, a section with the centering wheel is omitted. The arc of the inner wall of the riser is replaced by a circular arc with the same arc, so that the arc can make smooth contact with the inner wall of the riser. The operation mode of the riser pumping unit of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. The lower end of the riser pumping unit riser 1 is fixedly connected to the wellhead, the motor 6 is started, and the ball screw 3 drives the ball nut 2 to move upwards. The oil rod 4 is lifted upwards to realize oil extraction, and at the same time, the ring-shaped balance weight 7 moves downwards. When the set stroke is reached, the motor rotates in the reverse direction according to the setting procedure of the control cabinet, driving the ball screw 3 to reverse, and oil is pumped. The rod 4 moves downward. When the set stroke is reached, the motor rotates in the reverse direction again according to the setting procedure of the control cabinet, and the next lifting of the sucker rod 4 starts. The control cabinet can change the forward and reverse rotation speeds of the motor 6 so that the upward speed, that is, the lifting speed of the sucker rod 4 is fast, and the downward speed is slow, that is, the sucker rod 4 moves slowly downward, which increases the oil pumping. Machine efficiency, especially when the oil is relatively viscous, this operation mode is more favorable. At the same time, the stroke and stroke of the pumping unit can be automatically adjusted according to the fluid supply capacity of the oil well.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
1、 一种立管抽油机， 其包括立管、 抽油杆、 平衡块、 电机、 传动系 统， 其特征在于，所述的立管内设置有用于抽油杆上下运行的传动机构， 该 传动机构是由相互啮合的滚珠螺母和滚珠丝杠组成， 其中抽油杆上端与所述 滚珠螺母固定连接， 所述的滚珠丝杠上端支撑在立管上部， 其下端装有齿 轮， 在该齿轮附近设置有齿轮箱， 所述齿轮通过所述的齿轮箱与固定设置在 立管壁附近的传动电机传动连接， 立管外装有平衡块， 在立管上部设有滑轮 和绕过滑轮的牵引悬绳， 牵引悬绳一端连接平衡块， 另一端与滚珠螺母连 接， 在立管外壁适当位置设有平衡块的限位防撞装置。 1. A riser pumping unit, comprising a riser, a sucker rod, a balance block, a motor, and a transmission system, characterized in that the riser is provided with a transmission mechanism for the up and down operation of the sucker rod, the transmission The mechanism is composed of an intermeshing ball nut and a ball screw, wherein the upper end of the sucker rod is fixedly connected to the ball nut, the upper end of the ball screw is supported on the upper part of the riser, and the lower end is equipped with a gear, near the gear. A gear box is provided, and the gear is drivingly connected with a transmission motor fixedly arranged near the wall of the riser through the gear box. The riser is equipped with a balance block, and a pulley and a traction suspension rope bypassing the pulley are arranged on the upper part of the riser. One end of the traction suspension rope is connected to a balance weight, and the other end is connected to a ball nut. A limit block and anti-collision device of the balance weight is provided at an appropriate position on the outer wall of the riser.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于， 所述的滚珠螺母外 侧设有与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮。  2. The standpipe pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein a centering wheel that is in contact with the inner wall of the standpipe is provided on the outer side of the ball nut.
3、 根据权利要求 2或所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于所述的滚珠螺母外 侧设有与立管内壁相接触的扶正轮构成为沿立管内壁圆周均匀分布的 3组扶 正轮， 每组扶正轮沿上下设有 2个扶正轮。  3. The riser pumping unit according to claim 2 or claim 2, characterized in that the ball nut is provided with a centering wheel in contact with the inner wall of the riser on the outer side of the ball nut, which is composed of three sets of centering wheels evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the riser There are 2 centering wheels on each side of each group of centering wheels.
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3的任何一个权利要求所述的立管抽油机， 其 特征在于， 平衡块以环形平衡块的形式套装在立管外侧， 环形平衡块设有与 立管外壁相接触的扶正轮。  4. The riser pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the balance weight is sleeved on the outside of the riser in the form of an annular balance weight, and the annular balance weight is provided with the riser The centering wheel in contact with the outer wall.
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于， 环形平衡块所设 扶正轮构成为沿立管外壁圆周均匀分布的 3组扶正轮， 每组扶正轮沿上下设 有 2个扶正轮。  5. The standpipe pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the centering wheels provided by the ring balancer are composed of 3 groups of centering wheels evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the standpipe, and each group of centering wheels is provided with 2 up and down edges. A centering wheel.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于， 其中抽油杆上端 穿过所述滚珠螺母的中央并被一固定连接件所固定。  6. The standpipe pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the sucker rod passes through the center of the ball nut and is fixed by a fixed connecting member.
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于所述的抽油杆上端 的固定件是方卡固定件。  7. The standpipe pumping unit according to claim 6, wherein the fixing member at the upper end of the sucker rod is a square card fixing member.
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的立管抽油机， 其特征在于， 所述的滚珠丝杠 上端支撑在立管顶部。  8. The standpipe pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the ball screw is supported on the top of the standpipe.
PCT/CN2003/000301 2002-06-21 2003-04-24 An oil pumping unit with a supporting pipe WO2004001184A1 (en)

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CN02121439.5A CN1384271A (en) 2002-06-21 2002-06-21 Vertical-pipe pumping unit

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