CN205608176U - Laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon - Google Patents
Laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon Download PDFInfo
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- CN205608176U CN205608176U CN201620430829.XU CN201620430829U CN205608176U CN 205608176 U CN205608176 U CN 205608176U CN 201620430829 U CN201620430829 U CN 201620430829U CN 205608176 U CN205608176 U CN 205608176U
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- laser
- etalon
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- mirror
- wave plate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon utilizes etalon's the spectral diagnostics that sees through, lets the non - injection laser pulse of wide band pass through etalon, produces a series ofly at the independent narrowband laser of frequency, sends this narrowband laser through the optical transmitting set system. The laser system that tests the speed receives the back scattering echo of the target that awaits measuring, use polarization optical system with back scattering light with certain angle of incidence to re -enter the etalon behind the collimation, respectively set up a photomultiplier in etalon's front and back, be called reference channel and signalling channel respectively, the ratio of two passageways and the speed relation of being directly proportional of the target that awaits measuring, through the ratio of surveying two passageways, the demarcation result that combines the system of testing the speed, the velocity of movement of target can obtain to await measuring. This system compares in present system, has advantages such as with low costs, job stabilization.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, belongs to meteorological technology
Field.
Background technology
Doppler anemometry laser radar, due to the advantage of its uniqueness, has got growing concern for and has applied.
Current Doppler anemometry laser radar technology is divided from Doppler frequency shift detection means and can be divided into incoherent technique and be concerned with
Detection Techniques.Incoherent technique uses high-resolution spectroscopy equipment, such as atom and molecule absorption cell, Fabry-Perot interferometer,
Utilize the curve of spectrum that high-resolution spectra equipment is precipitous, the change of laser frequency is converted into the change of the light intensity passed through.Relevant
Detection Techniques utilize optical frequency mixing principle, are mixed with local optical signal by the back scattering optical signal comprising Doppler frequency shift
Frequently, obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal, this signal is carried out Fourier's change and i.e. can obtain Doppler frequency shift.
Either incoherent technique or coherent detection technology, system all uses single-frequency laser.Currently acquired single-frequency
The most frequently used way of laser is injection seeded.When the principle of injection seeded is to make pulse laser go out light by technological means not
From the beginning of spontaneous radiation, but before pulses generation, to the good narrow frequency continuous laser of laser instrument injection way, make pulse laser
Device is starting of oscillation on the basis of seed laser, and this technology is referred to as injection seeded technology, and the arrowband continuous laser for injecting is referred to as planting
Sub-laser instrument.The laser that injection seeded technology makes laser instrument export has the characteristic similar to seed light, has the narrowest line
Wide.Certainly injection seeded laser is a kind of principal and subordinate's laser generation system, and system comprises two complete systems, seed laser
Device and high energy pulse laser, two systems are the most more complicated, consider further that and need collaborative work, further increase development difficulty.
Therefore, for the seed injection laser of Doppler anemometry laser radar, always Doppler lidar technology
A developing obstacle.In terms of cost, seed injection laser is due to system complex, and its cost is often non-implanted laser
Several times of device even tens times.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser of Etalon
Velocity-measuring system, uses non-implanted laser instrument to combine Etalon and carries out Doppler frequency shift detection, it is possible to for Measuring Object or
Air wind speed.Compared with traditional laser radar, reduce system complexity, reduce development cost；And, native system is received and dispatched
Laser all uses an Etalon so that systematic survey effect has no relations with the change of laser frequency itself, improves system
Measurement accuracy.
This utility model is for solving above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions:
This utility model provides a kind of based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, including as system
Launch the non-implanted pulse laser of light source, beam expanding lens, polaroid, half-wave plate, Etalon, quarter-wave plate, collimating mirror, send out
Penetrate reception mirror, the first to the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the first to the 3rd polarizing beam splitter mirror PBS, beam splitting chip, the first and second convergences thoroughly
Mirror, the first and second photomultiplier tube PMT and microprocessors；
The laser that non-implanted pulse laser sends is after beam expander expands, and transmission is to the first completely reflecting mirror；First is complete
Laser after reflecting mirror reflection sequentially passes through polaroid again, half-wave plate, a PBS transmit to Etalon, wherein, and polaroid saturating
Shake the polarization direction of laser after being oriented parallel to reflect, and adjusts polarization direction and a PBS of laser after half-wave plate makes to reflect
Polarization direction parallel, make laser completely through a PBS；The laser of Etalon output sequentially passes through the 2nd PBS, the 3rd PBS
Rear transmission is to quarter-wave plate, wherein, and the polarization side of the laser that the 2nd PBS, the polarization direction of the 3rd PBS export with Etalon
To parallel；Laser rotates 45 degree through quarter-wave plate rear polarizer direction, then sequentially pass through collimating mirror, launch receive mirror be radiated at
On object under test, and produce rear orientation light；Rear orientation light sequentially pass through transmitting receive mirror, collimating mirror, quarter-wave plate,
3rd PBS, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror transmission are to beam splitting chip, and rear orientation light is divided into two bundles through beam splitting chip, a branch of sequentially pass through first
Plus lens and a PMT, another bundle sequentially passes through the second completely reflecting mirror, a PBS, Etalon, the 2nd PBS, the second convergence
Lens and the 2nd PMT；Oneth PMT, the 2nd PMT are connected with microprocessor respectively.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, the operation wavelength of non-implanted pulse laser is 532nm.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, the multiplying power of beam expanding lens is 20.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, the Free Spectral Range of Etalon is 4GHz, and fineness is 12.
As further prioritization scheme of the present utility model, the beam diameter of non-implanted pulse laser is 0.5mm, dissipates
Angle is 2.7mrad.
This utility model uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1) system of the present utility model does not use injection seeded laser to carry out tachometric survey, reduces the complexity of velocity-measuring system
Degree, reduces cost；
2) this utility model uses polarization optical system, makes emission system and reception system use same Etalon, light
Spectrum spacing depends on system incident angle difference, makes the impact of the velocity-measuring system not frequency jitter of Stimulated Light device, ambient temperature, tests the speed
More accurately and reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is velocity-measuring system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is laser emission spectrum and by the emission spectrum after Etalon, wherein, (a) be laser emission spectrum and
The optical transmission spectra figure of Etalon, (b) is the spectrogram later by Etalon.
Etalon's through spectrum when Fig. 3 is different incidence angles.
Wherein, M1, M2, M3 are completely reflecting mirror；PBS1, PBS2, PBS3 are polarizing beam splitter mirror；PMT1, PMT2 are photoelectricity times
Increase pipe.
The ratio of photomultiplier tube output amplitude when Fig. 4 is friction speed.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail by specific embodiment:
In the present embodiment, a kind of based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, as it is shown in figure 1, include
As system launch the non-implanted pulse laser of light source, beam expanding lens, polaroid, half-wave plate, Etalon, quarter-wave plate,
Collimating mirror, launch and receive mirror, the first to the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the first to the 3rd polarizing beam splitter mirror PBS, beam splitting chip, first and the
Two plus lens, the first and second photomultiplier tube PMT and microprocessors.In the present embodiment, can be divided into according to the trend of light path
Emission system and two parts of reflex system, wherein, emission system includes non-implanted pulse laser successively, expands along light path
Mirror, the first completely reflecting mirror M1, a PBS, Etalon, the 2nd PBS, the 3rd PBS, quarter-wave plate, collimating mirror, transmitting receive
Mirror；Reflex system includes launching along light path receiving mirror, collimating mirror, quarter-wave plate, the 3rd PBS, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror successively
M3, beam splitting chip, being divided into two-way, a road after beam splitting chip is the first plus lens, a PMT, another road be the second completely reflecting mirror M2,
Oneth PBS, Etalon, the 2nd PBS, the second plus lens, the 2nd PMT.Emission system and the system of reception use same
Etalon, spectrum spacing depends on system incident angle difference, makes velocity-measuring system not Stimulated Light device frequency jitter, ambient temperature
Impact, tests the speed more accurately and reliably.
Wherein, launching the non-implanted pulse laser of light source is a 532nm pulse laser, and beam diameter is 0.5mm, sends out
Scattered angle is 2.7mrad；Beam expanding lens is 20 times of optical systems expanded, and the pulse sending high collimation after beam-expanding system swashs
Light (angle of divergence is 0.135mrad), to ensure that Etalon can have the highest spectral resolution.
Wherein, polaroid and half-wave plate: rotatory polarization sheet makes it thoroughly shake and is oriented parallel to the polarization direction of laser, can press
The vertical component of contracting laser, obtains the purest polarized light, reduces background noise；Half-wave plate can be used for the polarization of rotary laser
Direction, the polarization direction making laser is parallel with the polarization direction of follow-up three PBS, thus launches laser and can pass through three
PBS sends, and back scattering luminous energy enters respective detector through three PBS, reaches emission system and reception system is total to
With the purpose using Etalon；
Wherein, Etalon: this Etalon Free Spectral Range is 4GHz, fineness is 12, therefore the passing through of this Etalon
Spectral width is 4/12=0.33GHz.When the laser in broadband is by Etalon, Etalon plays the effect of light comb, produces arrowband
Laser；Reception system is different from emergent light due to reception light to the incident angle of Etalon, therefore, backward scattered to receive
Penetrating light, its spectrum has a relative movement, according to the marginal technology method in the Doppler's detection method known, utilizes this spectrum
Movement can differentiate the size of Doppler frequency shift, and then is calculated the speed of physics to be measured.
Wherein, three PBS constitute polarization light-conducting system, according to the feature of PBS, can pass through parallel polarized light, so sending out
The laser penetrating light source transmitting can pass through three PBS, thus sends from emission system；And rear orientation light, due to polarization
Direction becomes the laser of vertical polarization through quarter-wave plate, therefore cannot pass through PBS, but is reflected off, passes through simultaneously
The cooperation of two completely reflecting mirrors (M2 and M3), rear orientation light is introduced Etalon, and enters Etalon by polarization light-conducting system
Angle of incidence adjustable, this angle initialization is 1mrad, is used for differentiating Doppler frequency shift；
Wherein, quarter-wave plate, collimating mirror and transmitting receive mirror, and the effect of this part is laser with directional light
Form is launched, and receives backscatter signal simultaneously, and backscatter signal is collimated, again passes by quarter-wave plate,
The effect of quarter-wave plate is that laser passes twice through this wave plate, polarization direction half-twist, so cannot pass through PBS, but
By PBS, make polarization light-conducting system come into force, and rear orientation light enters Etalon along polarization light-conducting system.
Wherein, the first and second plus lens, the first and second photomultiplier tube PMT constitute detection system, every part bag
Include a plus lens and a photomultiplier tube (PMT), its role is to the two ways of optical signals (reference after beam splitting chip beam splitting
Optical signal and flashlight) carry out photoelectric conversion, in order to and the microprocessor of rear class carries out data process, the speed of output object under test
Information.
Work process based on non-implanted laser instrument and the laser velocimeter system of Etalon is as follows: first, uses non-implanted
Pulse laser launches laser as light source, and is expanded laser by beam expanding lens；Secondly, the first completely reflecting mirror is to expanding
After laser reflect so that it is Etalon can be incided；Again, polarization is set between the first completely reflecting mirror and Etalon
Sheet and half-wave plate, arranged a PBS before Etalon, arranges second, third PBS, wherein, polarization after Etalon continuously
The polarization direction of sheet is parallel to compress the vertical component of laser with the polarization direction of laser after the first completely reflecting mirror reflection；Adjust half
Wave plate makes the polarization direction of laser after the first completely reflecting mirror reflection parallel with the polarization direction of the three of rear class PBS so that laser energy
Enough completely by three PBS；Again, the Output of laser of Etalon, will by quarter-wave plate through second and the 3rd after PBS
Its polarization direction rotates 45 degree, then is irradiated on object under test produce back reflected laser through collimating mirror and transmitting reception mirror；Again
Secondary, back reflected laser sequentially passes through transmitting and receives mirror, collimating mirror, quarter-wave plate, through quarter-wave plate rotatory polarization side
Back reflected laser backward is by the 3rd PBS；Again, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror will be passed by the back reflected laser of the 3rd PBS
Transporting to beam splitting chip, rear orientation light is divided into two bundles by beam splitting chip, and wherein, a branch of plus lens that is directly over transmits to a PMT；
Another bundle is sequentially passed through a PBS, Etalon, the 2nd PBS, plus lens transmission to second after the second completely reflecting mirror reflection
PMT；Again, after the rear orientation light received is converted to first and second signals of telecommunication by a PMT and the 2nd PMT respectively, pass
Transport to microprocessor process；Finally, microprocessor obtains according to system calibrating first, second signal of telecommunication and object under test
Function between speed, is calculated object under test speed and exports.Wherein, the method for system calibrating is: choose some differences
The Reference of known speed, respectively as object under test, obtains some groups of first, second signals of telecommunication after startup system, matching obtains
Function between first, second signal of telecommunication and speed, thus completion system is demarcated, and function is deposited in microprocessor.
Based on above-mentioned laser velocimeter system based on non-implanted laser and Etalon carry out laser velocimeter method, including with
Lower step:
1) laser pulse launched by 532nm pulse laser, compresses the angle of divergence, guide through completely reflecting mirror M1 after beam expanding lens
Etalon, laser incident angle on Etalon can realize by adjusting M1 so that laser vertical incides Etalon
On；
2) rotatory polarization sheet makes light intensity after polaroid maximum, and at this moment thoroughly shaking of polaroid is oriented parallel to launch laser
Polarization direction；
3) rotatable halfwave plate makes the polarization direction launching laser mate with the direction of PBS1, now launches laser the most logical
Cross PBS1；
4) transmission laser is irradiated on Etalon, owing to Etalon is through the characteristic of spectrum, causes from the Etalon other end
The laser of outgoing is divided into several independent peak in frequency.As in figure 2 it is shown, wherein, (a) be laser emission spectrum and
The optical transmission spectra figure of Etalon, (b) is the spectrogram later by Etalon；
5) laser is by, after Etalon, owing to being parallel to the direction of PBS, therefore, continuing to pass through PBS2, PBS3, through four points
One of wave plate rear polarizer direction rotate 45 degree；
6) launch after laser receives mirror by collimating mirror, transmitting and enter in air, be radiated on object under test or in air
Aerosol particle thing on；
7) launch laser and there is the object under test interaction of certain speed, according to Doppler effect principle, backward scattered
Penetrate light and carry Doppler shift information；
8) launch the back scattering receiving mirror reception from object under test, and become directional light through collimating mirror；
9) rear orientation light rotates 45 degree through quarter-wave plate, its polarization direction along original direction, makes backward dissipating
The polarization direction penetrating light is perpendicular to launch the polarization direction of laser；
10) rear orientation light is reflected by PBS3, completely reflecting mirror M2, and rear orientation light is divided into two parts by beam splitting chip, 10%
Rear orientation light, after plus lens converges, is detected by PMT1；
11) rear orientation light of 90% is angled into Etalon after completely reflecting mirror M3 and PBS1 reflects, backward scattered
Penetrate light angle of incidence on Etalon to be adjusted by M3；Adjusting M3 angle makes the spectrum of Etalon relative to launching laser
Spectrum has a relative movement, produces and is similar to the effect of marginal technology in Doppler lidar, as shown in Figure 3；
12) through Etalon backscatter signal through PBS3 reflect after, then through plus lens converge, detected by PMT2；
13) calculating the ratio of the output valve of PMT1, PMT2, its ratio is relevant with Doppler frequency shift, ties according to system calibrating
Really (ratio and the one-to-one relationship of object under test speed), the movement velocity of object under test can i.e. be obtained.
Based on above system and detection method and step, we establish this system at laboratory, and utilize the speed can
Being measured using the rotating circular disk adjusted as object under test, as shown in Figure 4, wherein, abscissa is the rotation of disk to measurement result
Rotary speed (cycle per minute clock), according to the radius of disk and laser incident angle can direct transition lines speed, vertical coordinate is two passages
Ratio, it can be seen that during disk rapid change, the ratio of the output valve of PMT1, PMT2 there occurs change.Straight line in Fig. 4 is
Measure the fitting a straight line of point, it can be seen that the ratio of the output valve of PMT1, PMT2 and the rotary speed of rotating circular disk have very well
Linear relationship, therefore, Laboratory Principle is it is demonstrated experimentally that this laser velocimeter system is feasible.
The above, the only detailed description of the invention in this utility model, but protection domain of the present utility model not office
It is limited to this, any is familiar with the people of this technology in the technical scope disclosed by this utility model, it will be appreciated that the conversion expected or replace
Changing, all should contain within the scope of of the present utility model comprising, therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be with claim
The protection domain of book is as the criterion.
Claims (5)
1. based on non-implanted laser instrument and the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, it is characterised in that include launching light source as system
Non-implanted pulse laser, beam expanding lens, polaroid, half-wave plate, Etalon, quarter-wave plate, collimating mirror, transmitting receive
Mirror, the first to the 3rd completely reflecting mirror, the first to the 3rd polarizing beam splitter mirror PBS, beam splitting chip, the first and second plus lens, first
With the second photomultiplier tube PMT and microprocessor；
The laser that non-implanted pulse laser sends is after beam expander expands, and transmission is to the first completely reflecting mirror；First total reflection
Mirror reflection after laser sequentially pass through again polaroid, half-wave plate, the oneth PBS transmit to Etalon, wherein, the side of shaking thoroughly of polaroid
The polarization direction of laser after being parallel to reflection, adjusts half-wave plate and makes the inclined of the polarization direction of laser and a PBS after reflection
The direction that shakes is parallel, makes laser completely through a PBS；The laser of Etalon output passes after sequentially passing through the 2nd PBS, the 3rd PBS
Transporting to quarter-wave plate, wherein, the 2nd PBS, the polarization direction of the 3rd PBS are put down with the polarization direction of the laser of Etalon output
OK；Laser rotates 45 degree through quarter-wave plate rear polarizer direction, then sequentially pass through collimating mirror, launch receive mirror be radiated to be measured
On object, and produce rear orientation light；Rear orientation light sequentially pass through transmitting receive mirror, collimating mirror, quarter-wave plate, the 3rd
PBS, the 3rd completely reflecting mirror transmission are to beam splitting chip, and rear orientation light is divided into two bundles through beam splitting chip, a branch of sequentially pass through the first convergence
Lens and a PMT, another bundle sequentially passes through the second completely reflecting mirror, a PBS, Etalon, the 2nd PBS, the second plus lens
With the 2nd PMT；Oneth PMT, the 2nd PMT are connected with microprocessor respectively.
The most according to claim 1 based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, it is characterised in that non-
The operation wavelength of injected pulse laser instrument is 532nm.
The most according to claim 1 based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, it is characterised in that to expand
The multiplying power of Shu Jing is 20.
It is the most according to claim 1 based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, it is characterised in that
The Free Spectral Range of Etalon is 4GHz, and fineness is 12.
The most according to claim 1 based on non-implanted laser instrument with the laser velocimeter system of Etalon, it is characterised in that non-
The beam diameter of injected pulse laser instrument is 0.5mm, and the angle of divergence is 2.7mrad.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620430829.XU CN205608176U (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620430829.XU CN205608176U (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205608176U true CN205608176U (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620430829.XU Expired - Fee Related CN205608176U (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Laser system of testing speed based on non - injection laser and etalon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105824018A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | System and method for laser speed measurement based on non-injection laser and Etalon |
-
2016
- 2016-05-13 CN CN201620430829.XU patent/CN205608176U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105824018A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | System and method for laser speed measurement based on non-injection laser and Etalon |
| CN105824018B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-12-05 | 南京信息工程大学 | Laser velocimeter system and method based on non-implanted laser and Etalon |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160928 Termination date: 20180513 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |