CN205592376U - Automotive electronics selection shelves electromagnetic induction structure - Google Patents
Automotive electronics selection shelves electromagnetic induction structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN205592376U CN205592376U CN201620392533.3U CN201620392533U CN205592376U CN 205592376 U CN205592376 U CN 205592376U CN 201620392533 U CN201620392533 U CN 201620392533U CN 205592376 U CN205592376 U CN 205592376U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an automotive electronics selection shelves electromagnetic induction structure, it gathers the component in a plurality of signals response of mount pad or gear shift power input link to set up including relatively fixed to and gather the component with signal response and correspond the signal response that sets up and use the component, the signal response sets up on gear shift power input link or mount pad with component relatively fixed, and can enter into the response within range realization signal acquisition of signal response collection component when making the signal response remove the gear shift with the component along with gear shift power input link, a serial communication port, the signal response is gathered component quantity and is two at least, the signal response uses member quantity to be two at least. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure can improve the security, improves the gear shift operation reliability, and makes can improve under the circumstances that automobile safety risk reduces and drive the convenience in order to make things convenient for fault handling.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to automobile control system field, is specifically related to a kind of automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure.
Background technology
Gears shifting device for automobile is to perform the device that transforming gear selects on automobile.Automobile variable speed gear box selects at present
Mechanism is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is traditional gear selecting device using machinery shift fork, is commonly called as manual, relies on and handles shift bar rotation
Angle switches between each gear, moves by machinery shift fork driven gear and realizes gear shift, at park position (P shelves), reverse gear (R
Shelves), neutral gear (N shelves) and travel shelves gears at different levels (D1-D6) between switching.Another kind is to use electronics gear selecting device, is commonly called as
Automatic transmission, i.e. by handling the drive electronics gear selection mechanism action of shift bar rotational angle, it is achieved to park position (P shelves), reverse gear (R
Shelves), neutral gear (N shelves) and travel shelves (D shelves) switching signal input gather, signal be delivered to central processing unit process after again to vapour
Car clutch end is controlled, and when wherein travelling shelves work running car, vehicle can detect voluntarily and judges vehicle condition and control
Automobile power output regulation speed change realizes travelling the switching of gears at different levels in shelves.In current automobile, owing to using automatic transmission dress
Put the operation to human pilot and require simpler, therefore increasing automobile begins with electronics gear selecting device and realizes changing
Shelves.
According to the definition of vehicle safety international standard ISO26262, gear selecting device belong to the highest subsystem of safety requirements it
One, the fault of gear selecting device, may directly result in vehicle driver, passenger and the great personal injury of car nonlocal people, vehicle and
The loss of other properties.Therefore during Automobile Design, the design of gearshift is more and more higher to the requirement of reliability in requiring.
In current existing electronics gear selecting device, gearshift generally comprises mounting seat, mounting seat is vertically provided with and changes
Lever, shift bar lower end is installed in rotation in mounting seat by the rotating shaft of horizontally set, also includes being relatively fixed with mounting seat
The multiple Hall elements arranged, and and shift bar be relatively fixed a magnetic induction block of setting, handle shift bar rotate into
During row gear-change operation, it is possible in the range of band dynamic magnetic induction block enters the induction region being switched to different Hall element, Jin Ershi
The now collection to shift signal, then signal is delivered to be controlled automobile power outfan after central processing unit processes again.
Such as China's number of patent application201410341973.1Disclosed a kind of gearshift, number of patent application 201010234378.X
Disclosed oneAutomatic gearshift for vehicle etc. are all to have employed said structure form.This electronics gear selecting device compensate for machine
The deficiency of tool fork type gear selecting device, has a higher electronics integrated level, gear shift automatization and intellectuality, easy operation and attractive in appearance
Etc. advantage.Simultaneously as Hall element and magnetic induction block are non-contact inductives, it is to avoid the reasons such as dust dirt cause
Lost efficacy, improve reliability to a certain extent.But simultaneously as Hall element belongs to electronic product, be also dependent on circuit and
Central processing unit connects conveying signal, therefore under the factor influence such as the vibration of vehicle long run and dust, the most easily
There is the risk that shift signal collection was lost efficacy, cause gear-change operation malfunctioning, drive by force and easily cause great security incident.
At present,BMWAndJaguar、Land RoverUnder a lot of vehicles all have employing electronics gear selecting device, if run into appeal lose
When effect fault or short circuit, in order to ensure safety, take often to force the mode of locking to process automobile power outfan,
With avoid cannot the driving safety risk brought of gear shift, after it forces locking to be stopped, the gear selecting device of electronic type is cannot be to working as
Front gear carries out discharging, and can only be fixed against trailer and rescue, bring the inconvenience of driver behavior.
So, how to improve gear-change operation reliability, and can in the case of making automotive safety risk reduction
Improve and drive convenience, to facilitate troubleshooting, become the problem having considered solution.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: how to provide a kind of knot
Structure is simple, it is possible to increase safety, improves gear-change operation reliability, and can carry in the case of making automotive safety risk reduction
High convenience of driving is to facilitate the automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure of troubleshooting.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, this utility model have employed following technical scheme:
A kind of automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure, is arranged at mounting seat or gear shift power input structure including being relatively fixed
Multiple induction of signal acquisition member of part, and the induction of signal component being correspondingly arranged with induction of signal acquisition member, signal
Sense application component is relatively fixed and is arranged in gear shift power input link or mounting seat, and makes induction of signal component with gear shift
Signals collecting is realized in can entering into the induction range of induction of signal acquisition member when power input link moves gear shift；It is special
Levy and be, described induction of signal acquisition member quantity at least two, described induction of signal the number of components at least two.
Can and believe as such, it is possible to make induction of signal component move with gear shift power input link to during different gear
Number inductive pick-up component coordinates the induced signal group output constituting different coding.When it is installed, induction of signal acquisition member and vapour
Vehicle electronic control unit (ECU) on car is connected (be directly connected to or be indirectly connected with by central processing unit) and provides for it
Gear signal.During use, it is possible to rely on multiple induction of signal component and multiple induction of signal acquisition member to coordinate, it is achieved coding
After induced signal group output；The quantity of information contained in often group signal output can be improved to improve checking of single group information
Property, when the number of components relatively odd encoder complexity, after makeing mistakes, it is capable of self-inspection verification corrigendum, so that individual signal inductive pick-up
After component failure, exporting correct gear information after remaining able to self-inspection verification corrigendum, drastically increasing gear information can know
Other property, improves drive safety.Meanwhile, when the number of components is less, it would however also be possible to employ less induction of signal acquisition member
Realize more gear identification, be so equal to the quantity decreasing induction of signal acquisition member, the most indirectly reduce single
Induction of signal acquisition member lost efficacy and brought the probability of risk, improve safety.Such as when induction of signal acquisition member and signal
When sensing the number of components is minimum two component, dislocation coding, i.e. induction of signal acquisition member and signal can be relied on
Sense application component is mutually shifted as time just pair, it is possible to detect that signal output high level information coding is designated as 1, after mobile dislocation not
Can detect that signal or signal more weak output low level Signal coding are designated as 0, so may be constructed 00,01,11,10 4 groups of codings
Realize the detection of four gears；And traditional electronics gear selection mechanism realizing four gear detections needs to arrange four signals
Inductive pick-up component and an induction of signal component；Owing to induction of signal member function is for sensed, therefore will not deposit
At failure risk, failure risk all concentrates in induction of signal acquisition member.So realizing what four gear detections judged equally
On the basis of, when four risk sources are reduced to two risk sources, risk can be greatly reduced, improve safety.
As optimization, described gear shift power input link is vertically arranged shift bar, and horizontally set is leaned in shift bar lower end
Rotating shaft be installed in rotation in mounting seat.
So, simple in construction, and meet ordinary operation mode, facilitate gear-change operation.
As optimization, described induction of signal component is arranged on a fanning strip side surface, fanning strip and gear shift power
Input link is fixing to be connected and can rotate therewith, and the fan-shaped radian direction of fanning strip and gear shift power input link rotate
Direction is consistent, the signals collecting wiring board that the design of described induction of signal acquisition member is arranged and fanning strip spacing parallel arranging
On.
So, there is simple in construction and convenient installation, facilitate the advantages such as holding wire output connection.
As optimization, described induction of signal acquisition member quantity is consistent with automobile gears quantity and position and automobile shelves
Position one_to_one corresponding, described induction of signal component correspondence induction of signal acquisition member is set to be spaced an induction of signal and gathers structure
Part is correspondingly arranged the mode of an induction of signal component and arranges.
So, being equal to arrange induction of signal component respective notch location interval, quantity reduces half, when signal sense
In application component setting area, there is induction of signal acquisition member corresponding at induction of signal component and can collect and believe more by force
Number output high level, output information is encoded to 1, and the induction of signal acquisition member that empty place is corresponding can not collect signal or only
Can collect more weak signal output low level, output signal is encoded to O.Room information is thus utilized to improve coding complexity
Property, and this complexity is that the rule with fixed interval is produced, and is thus more favorable for after having component failure carrying out self-inspection
Verification corrigendum, exports correct gear information, drastically increases autonomous error correcting capability.Such as when Automobile Design five or six
During gear, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding five or six, and between induction of signal component is set to
Every three, when Automobile Design is four gears, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding four, and by signal
Sense application component is set to two of interval.
As optimization, described induction of signal acquisition member is Hall element, and described induction of signal component is that S is the most right
The permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is installed.
So, use Hall element and permanent magnet to coordinate and realize signal acquisition testing, there is the advantage that reliability is high.
As optimization, it is additionally provided with anti-between the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by the most adjacent two S
The signal shielding component that stop signal is interfered.
So, it is ensured that when Hall element detect permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element the most just installed by two S it
Between room time, it is possible to by signal shielding component shielding about signal disturbing, it is ensured that detection be output as low level, be more favorable for
Coding is distinguished.
Further, described signal shielding component is the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by N.So,
Maximized signal shielding effect can be produced, reduce the locational space between adjacent induction of signal component, reduce dress
While putting volume, reduce interference, it is ensured that detection reliability and accuracy.
As optimization, also include that a central processing unit, described induction of signal acquisition member are connected with central processing unit, in
Central processor signal output part is connected with vehicle electronic control unit.
So, automotive electronics gear selection mechanism carries a central processing unit is set, this centre carried can be relied on
Reason device, it is achieved above-mentioned information checking, redundancy self-inspection etc. operate, it is not necessary to still further set in vehicle electronic control unit
Put, improve the product function integrity of this automotive electronics gear selection mechanism, facilitate its independently installed use.
As optimization, described central processing unit have two signal output parts and each the most all with vehicle electronic control unit phase
Even.So, after central processing unit carries out the operation such as information checking, redundancy self-inspection, can be two kinds of differences by output information processing
The signal of communications protocol pattern is delivered to vehicle electronic control unit, strengthens the capacity of resisting disturbance in transmitting procedure, carries further
High gear shift reliability.
Further, said two signal output part is respectively pwm signal outfan and CAN signal outfan.Both
Communication mode has technology maturation, and information transmission is reliable, the feature that capacity of resisting disturbance is strong.
In sum, this utility model has simple in construction, it is possible to increase safety, improves gear-change operation reliability, and
Driving convenience can be improved to facilitate the advantages such as troubleshooting in the case of making automotive safety risk reduction.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is in embodiment, the component decomposing schematic representation of a kind of gears shifting device for automobile that have employed this utility model structure.
Fig. 2 is in embodiment, each gear information coding time as a example by 4 permanent magnets by 4 Hall elements and correspondence
Schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1, label 1 is encoder plug connector, and 2 is encoder inner loop component, and 3 is encoder outer collar members, and 4 for installing
Seat, 5 is induction of signal acquisition member, and 6 is signals collecting wiring board, and 7 is induction of signal component, and 8 is fanning strip, and 9 is initial
Gear signal gathers sensor, and 10 is P shelves the first mechanical release travel switches, and 11 for unlocking button, and 12 is shift bar, and 13 are
Electromagnetic valve, 14 is spacer pin, and 15 is rotating shaft, and 16 is back-moving spring.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with a kind of gears shifting device for automobile accompanying drawing that have employed this utility model structure, this utility model is made into one
The detailed description of step.
Optimum embodiment: as it is shown in figure 1, a kind of gears shifting device for automobile, including electronics gear selection mechanism, electronics gear selection mechanism
Including including mounting seat 4, mounting seat 4 being provided with gear shift power input link, gear shift power input link can turn by rotating shaft 15
Install dynamicly and coordinate in mounting seat, each gear is set in gear shift power input link slewing area and makes to rely on gear shift power defeated
Entering the rotation of component to realize gear and change, electronics gear selection mechanism also includes being relatively fixed and is arranged at mounting seat or the input of gear shift power
Multiple induction of signal acquisition member 5 of component, and the induction of signal component 7 being correspondingly arranged with induction of signal acquisition member 5,
Induction of signal component is relatively fixed and is arranged in gear shift power input link or mounting seat, and make induction of signal component with
Signals collecting is realized in can entering into the induction range of induction of signal acquisition member during the rotation gear shift of gear shift power input link；
It is characterized in that, gears shifting device for automobile also includes to realize in gearshift procedure moving gear shift in the rotation of gear shift power input link
Force input member turns to carry out during each gear the gear signal testing agency of signal detection.
This gears shifting device for automobile is installed and used for automatic transmission vehicle, induction of signal acquisition member and gear signal during installation
The signal output part of testing agency all connects with the vehicle electronic control unit (ECU) on automobile and provides gear signal for it；
Preferably select to be to set up a central processing unit when certainly implementing, induction of signal acquisition member and gear signal are detected
The signal output part of mechanism is first connected with central processing unit, is converted into standard traffic association after carrying out signal processing by central processing unit
The signal transmission of view processes to the process chip of vehicle electronic control unit.Furthermore it is also possible to further, in central authorities
Processor arranges pwm signal outfan be connected with vehicle electronic control unit with CAN signal outfan so that central processing unit
Be respectively adopted CAN protocol signal and PWM protocol signal both of which transmission signal to vehicle electronic control unit, so may be used
Preferably to improve the capacity of resisting disturbance of signals transmission, and then just improve gear shift reliability.So, normal operation in normal
During gear-change operation, rely on electronics gear selection mechanism to detect and provide gear signal to ECU and to perform for automobile clutch end corresponding
Gear-change operation, the gear signal testing agency of increase can be used as verification；And when fault occurs in electronics gear selection mechanism,
After making gear-change operation normal signal cannot be detected, now ECU can control to report to the police, and relies on the gear helped out simultaneously
The gear signal that signal detection mechanism detects, controls automobile power outfan and performs to perform gear-change operation accordingly.Ensure that out
During existing fault, while reporting to the police and reminding maintenance, vehicle can also realize under the assosting effect of gear signal testing agency
Gear-change operation also travels to maintenace point for maintenance, and significantly reducing the malfunctioning danger brought of Vehicular shift (such as needs by driving
Sail shelves when being converted to reverse gear reversing, if reverse gear malfunctioning will produce greatly dangerous), avoid after gear shift lost efficacy simultaneously
Vehicle can only be forced locked being unable to stir any more can only wait until the driving trouble that trailer and rescue bring.Thus make automotive safety wind
Driving convenience can be improved to facilitate troubleshooting in danger in the case of reducing.
In present embodiment, described gear shift power input link is vertically arranged shift bar 12, and shift bar lower end is by horizontal stroke
It is installed in rotation in mounting seat to the rotating shaft arranged.
So, simple in construction, and meet ordinary operation mode, facilitate gear-change operation.But when being embodied as, gear shift power is defeated
Enter component it is also contemplated that be rotary-disk type structure, even in speech control control loop, by the power controlled after speech recognition
Device output shaft is as gear shift power input link；Etc. be enforceable scope.
In present embodiment, described induction of signal component is arranged on fanning strip 8 side surface, fanning strip 8 and changing
Shelves power input link is fixing to be connected and can rotate therewith, the fan-shaped radian direction of fanning strip 8 and the input of gear shift power
Component direction of rotation is consistent, the signals collecting that the design of described induction of signal acquisition member is arranged and fanning strip spacing parallel arranging
On wiring board 6.
So, there is simple in construction and convenient installation, facilitate the advantages such as holding wire output connection.When being embodied as, signal
Sense application component and induction of signal acquisition member arrange position and may be reversed, although be unfavorable for that holding wire connects, but fall within
Enforceable scope.
In present embodiment, described induction of signal acquisition member quantity at least two, described induction of signal number of components
Amount at least two so that induction of signal component moves to can be with signal sense during different gear with gear shift power input link
Acquisition member is answered to coordinate the induced signal group output constituting different coding.
In such manner, it is possible to rely on multiple induction of signal component and multiple induction of signal acquisition member to coordinate, it is achieved after coding
Induced signal group output；The quantity of information contained in often group signal output can be improved and organize the testability of information to improve list,
When the number of components relatively odd encoder complexity, after makeing mistakes, it is capable of self-inspection verification corrigendum, so that individual signal inductive pick-up structure
After part lost efficacy, export correct gear information after remaining able to self-inspection verification corrigendum, drastically increase gear information and can recognize that
Property, improve drive safety.Meanwhile, when the number of components is less, it would however also be possible to employ less induction of signal acquisition member is real
Now more gear identification, is so equal to the quantity decreasing induction of signal acquisition member, the most indirectly reduces single letter
Number inductive pick-up component failure brings the probability of risk, improves safety.Such as when induction of signal acquisition member and signal sense
When application component quantity is minimum two component, dislocation coding, i.e. induction of signal acquisition member and signal sense can be relied on
Application component is mutually shifted as time just pair, it is possible to detect that signal output high level information coding is designated as 1, can not after mobile dislocation
Detect that signal or signal more weak output low level Signal coding are designated as 0, so may be constructed 00,01,11,10 4 groups of codings and come
Realize the detection of four gears；And traditional electronics gear selection mechanism realizing four gear detections needs to arrange four signal senses
Answer acquisition member and an induction of signal component；Owing to induction of signal member function is for sensed, therefore do not have
Failure risk, failure risk all concentrates in induction of signal acquisition member.So realizing the base that four gear detections judge equally
On plinth, when four risk sources are reduced to two risk sources, risk can be greatly reduced, improve safety.
In present embodiment, described induction of signal acquisition member quantity is consistent with automobile gears quantity and position and vapour
Car stop position one_to_one corresponding, described induction of signal component correspondence induction of signal acquisition member is set to be spaced an induction of signal and adopts
Collection component is correspondingly arranged the mode of an induction of signal component and arranges.
So, being equal to arrange induction of signal component respective notch location interval, quantity reduces half, when signal sense
In application component setting area, there is induction of signal acquisition member corresponding at induction of signal component and can collect and believe more by force
Number output high level, output information is encoded to 1, and the induction of signal acquisition member that empty place is corresponding can not collect signal or only
Can collect more weak signal output low level, output signal is encoded to O.Room information is thus utilized to improve coding complexity
Property, and this complexity is that the rule with fixed interval is produced, and is thus more favorable for after having component failure carrying out self-inspection
Verification corrigendum, exports correct gear information, drastically increases autonomous error correcting capability.Such as when Automobile Design five or six
During gear, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding five or six, and between induction of signal component is set to
Every three, when Automobile Design is four gears, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding four, and by signal
Sense application component is set to two of interval.
In present embodiment, described induction of signal acquisition member 5 is Hall element, and described induction of signal component 7 is S
The permanent magnet the most just direction of Hall element installed.
So, use Hall element and permanent magnet to coordinate and realize signal acquisition testing, there is the advantage that reliability is high.When
When so implementing, it would however also be possible to employ in prior art, other components cooperations being capable of sensing detection realize gear signal collection inspection
Survey.During enforcement, permanent magnet is preferably cylindrical structure, and convenient installation is fixed.
In present embodiment, also set up between the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by the most adjacent two S
There is the signal shielding component preventing signal interference.
So, it is ensured that when Hall element detect permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element the most just installed by two S it
Between room time, it is possible to by signal shielding component shielding about signal disturbing, it is ensured that detection be output as low level, be more favorable for
Coding is distinguished.
In present embodiment, described signal shielding component is the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by N.This
Sample, it is possible to produce maximized signal shielding effect, reduces the locational space between adjacent induction of signal component, is reducing
While device volume, reduce interference, it is ensured that detection reliability and accuracy.
In present embodiment, described gear signal testing agency includes the encoder being arranged in rotating shaft, also includes arranging
Mounting seat can detect gear shift power input link and initiate the initial gear signal collection sensor 9 of gear signal change.
Wherein, initial gear is generally park position, encoder and initial gear signal and gathers equal when sensor is installed and vapour
Car electronic control unit (ECU) connects.So, when vehicle is started gear-change operation by park position, first rely on initial gear signal
Gathering sensor and initial signal labelling detected, then rely on encoder to detect the rotating shaft anglec of rotation, correspondence show that gear is believed
Breath inspection self-inspection as a comparison is used, and drastically increases gear detection reliability.Self there is simple in construction simultaneously small and exquisite not
Account for redundant space, convenient installation, reliability high.During it addition, implement, after vehicle is started gear-change operation by park position,
After initial gear signal collection sensor detects initial signal labelling, it is judged that when having been started up gear shift, ECU can be first by gear shift
Signal is delivered to automobile power outfan, pretrigger gear-change operation, drastically increases gear-change operation efficiency.
In present embodiment, described encoder is mechanical contact electric brush type encoder.So, the mode of Mechanical Contact is used
Realize gear signal testing agency gear signal detection so that it is and electronics gear selection mechanism use electromagnetic induction detection mode from
Distinguish in principle and come, significantly reduce same accident and cause electronics gear selection mechanism and gear signal testing agency to lose simultaneously
The risk of effect.Ensure that at least one group of mechanism's reliable operation, and then preferably improve the reliability of gear-change operation.
During enforcement, encoder includes the encoder inner loop component 2 being fixed on rotating shaft, and sheathed cooperation is outside encoder inner ring portion
Surface and the encoder outer collar members 3 fixing with mounting seat, also include an encoder plug connector for signal output switching
1.So convenient installation is transferred with signal output.
In present embodiment, it is the initial gear signal being fixed in mounting seat that initial gear signal gathers sensor
Collection travel switch, described gear shift power input link has the initial gear signal sensing contact part of correspondence and makes
When gear shift power input link is in initial gear, initial gear signal sensing contact part correspondence can touch initial gear
Signals collecting travel switch so that it is have simple in construction, detects reliable advantage.During enforcement, initial gear signal sensing is used
Contact part can be arranged directly on gear shift power input link, or be arranged as required to gear shift power input link phase
On other the most fixing component, should be regarded as indirectly being arranged on gear shift power input link.
In present embodiment, also including that P shelves hold device tightly, P shelves are held device tightly and are included that is arranged on the input of gear shift power
For the realization when P shelves parking, P file location mechanical type is held tightly locked electromagnetic valve 13 on component or its rotating shaft, also include connecing
P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch 10 and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch entered in solenoid valve control circuit
(not shown), described P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch is arranged in mounting seat and can input with gear shift power
A unblock button 11 on component links, and gear shift power input link presses unblock button when being in P shelves can be by centre
Force transmitting member triggers the first mechanical release travel switch action of P shelves, and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch is installed simultaneously
The the second mechanical release travel switch action of P shelves can be triggered after brake pedal position makes to step on brake pedal.When P shelves
One mechanical release travel switch and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch be triggered simultaneously action time, electromagnetic valve is carried out
Mechanical release, now rotates gear shift power input link and can perform gear-change operation.Ensure security reliability during parked state.Its
When middle gear shift power input link is shift bar 12, unlocking button and be arranged at shift bar top, shift bar is hollow structure, middle
Force transmitting member includes the slide bar being vertically arranged in shift bar inner chamber, the lateral extended spacer pin in slide bar bottom 14 for and
P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch corresponding matching, slide bar lower end arranges back-moving spring 16 and resets, this spline structure letter
Single, convenient and reliable operation.During enforcement, further, P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch and P shelves the second mechanical release are used
Travel switch may be also connected to vehicle electronic control unit, for after trigger action being detected, sends a signal to automobile electricity
Sub-control unit shows that anticipation gear shift is intended to, and prepares as gear shift pretreatment for clutch end, improves gear shift efficiency.
Below based on above-mentioned optimum embodiment, the advantage of for durther example details gears shifting device for automobile and
Principle.
The work process of device is: when device powers on and shift bar is in P shelves, initial gear signal collection travel switch
It is in closure state and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch with P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch, works as driving
During member's P → R gear-change operation to be carried out, the first step, first press the unblock button of shift bar upper end, P shelves the first mechanical release row
Cheng Kaiguan unlocks；Second step, brake pedal, P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch unlocks；(note: above-mentioned first,
Two step operation orders can be contrary, i.e. first brake pedal, then presses unblock button) the 3rd step, continue operation shift bar, will
It shifts to R gear, at this moment initiates gear signal collection travel switch inner contact and is also at off-state.
Encoder and shift bar moved in coaxial in gear signal testing agency, the athletic meeting of shift bar drives encoder inner ring
Parts rotate and export corresponding shelves bit-encoded information A, in order to judge current shift bar present position.Simultaneously at electronics gear selecting machine
In structure, the multi-channel electric signal relying on multiple Hall sensor element to detect is converted into a grade bit-encoded information B, and exports to gear shift
The central processor MCU of device one ingredient of ECU (MCU can be considered as)；Encoder output shelves bit-encoded information A and
The shelves bit-encoded information B of Hall element output MCU mutually verify errorless after, as final gear information output.
The anti-invalidation functions of said apparatus is embodied in 3 aspects:
1, it is intended to judge from P → R gear shift
What P → R gear shift was intended to judges main by two the proximity switch phase interworkings being arranged in gearshift mounting seat
Amount to realizing, it is therefore an objective to guarantee when human pilot have gear shift is intended to and starts to perform gear-change operation time, gearshift
Output shift signal, in case stop position is misjudged.
When shift bar is in P shelves, the spring leaf on initial gear signal collection travel switch is initiateed gear signal
Sensing contact part is depressed, the spring leaf limited pin pressure on P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch, now two strokes
Switch internal contact is in closure state；After gearshift powers on, first to initial gear signal collection travel switch,
P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch proximity switch does initialization and judges, its result represents whether shift bar is in P gear
Put.
Unlocking button when pressing shift bar upper end, the slide bar within shift bar moves down, and drives spacer pin to move down,
P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch unlocks, and also makes P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch spring leaf discharge, switch
Inner contact is off, and now gearshift is still in P file location, but can tentatively judge that driver has P → R gear shift
It is intended to；When, after driver's brake pedal, controlling P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch and unlock, now may determine that and drive
The person of sailing has had P → R gear shift and has been intended to, and shift bar mechanical release is fully completed simultaneously, has possessed to R shelves mobile condition, driver
Gear-change operation can be continued.When shift bar leaves P file location, initial gear signal collection travel switch is in Guan Bi-disconnection shape
The saltus step moment of state, by the saltus step of the detection signal of telecommunication (or from low to high) from high to low, i.e. can determine whether that shift bar is just leaving P
Shelves, move to R shelves.
Perform P → R gear-change operation, it is necessary to press shift bar upper end and unlock button, simultaneously cooperation brake pedal ability
The protection of two-stage mechanical position limitation is unlocked；Otherwise, range seletor in P file location by mechanical locking, it is impossible to movement, prevent with this
Only it is misused.
2, there is multisensor redundancy and different detection mechanism sensor mutually verifies function
(1) multisensor redundancy
" Hall element-magnet to " is the combination of Hall element and permanent magnet, and Hall element is basisHall is imitated ShouldThe one madeMagnetic field sensor, Hall element and the permanent magnet of composition " Hall element-magnet to " are separately mounted to
On the signals collecting wiring board of gearshift and fanning strip.
Being provided with several permanent magnets on fanning strip, N pole and S are extremely staggered outwardly, arcuately trajectory alignment, to produce
N, S array of magnetic dipoles alternately, permanent magnet is permanent magnet material, is relatively less susceptible to for other electronic components lose efficacy；At signal
Gather, on wiring board, the Hall element identical with permanent magnet quantity is installed.
When permanent magnet S very close to or during away from Hall element, Hall element can be made to produce the signal of on-off.Root
According to the electrical characteristic of Hall element, when permanent magnet N is very close to Hall element, it is output as low level, and information is encoded to 0,
When permanent magnet S is very close to Hall element, it is output as high level, and information is encoded to 1.Multichannel " Hall element-magnet to "
Producing many bit-encoded informations, this coding information is used for representing gear information.
Multichannel " Hall element-magnet to " can be: containing 2-6 Hall element and 2-6 permanent magnet and they
Combination.
With 4 tunnels of 4 permanent magnets compositions of 4 Hall elements and correspondence " Hall element-permanent magnet to " it is below
Example is described in detail.
Hall element is soldered becomes signals collecting wiring board on circuit boards, and signals collecting wiring board is arranged on gear shift
In device shell of top cover body, for fixture；Permanent magnet is arranged on fanning strip, for movement parts；During along with operator shift bar
The change of gear, fanning strip realizes rotating by rotating shaft, the Hall that the permanent magnet that it is installed and signals collecting wiring board are installed
Relative position between sensor changes.
When shift bar initial position is in P shelves (forward original position, inverse limit position), Hall element and permanent magnetism
The relative position of body is shown in Fig. 2；When forward operating shift bar to R shelves (in the premise that the protection of two-stage mechanical position limitation unlocks
Under), will stagger between fanning strip and signals collecting wiring board certain angle, the relative position of Hall element and permanent magnet
As shown in Figure 2；Continue to N shelves, the angle staggered between fanning strip and signals collecting wiring board when continuing forward operation shift bar
Strengthening, change is continued such as Fig. 2 in Hall element position relative with permanent magnet；It is further continued for forward operating shift bar to D shelves, sector
The angle staggered between plate and signals collecting wiring board again strengthens and (reaches extreme position forward, reverse start bit
Put), now, the relative position of Hall element and permanent magnet is as shown in Figure 2.Hall element is according to corresponding permanent magnet therewith
Different S, N polarity, produce different make-and-break signals, finally produce different many bit-encoded informations to represent that different gears is believed
Breath.
So, each gear information is exactly that one group of fixing multidigit produced by multichannel " Hall element-permanent magnet to " is compiled
Code information.Forward operating shift bar during P shelves to D shelves, relative position signal between Hall element and permanent magnet
As in figure 2 it is shown, in figure, arrow represents Hall element, N represent permanent magnet N pole-face to Hall element, S represents permanent magnet S pole
Towards Hall element.
According to the electrical characteristic of Hall element, when permanent magnet N is very close to Hall element, it is output as low level, letter
Breath is encoded to 0；When permanent magnet S is very close to Hall element, it is output as high level, and information is encoded to 1；Permanent magnet and Hall
Gap between sensor test surface is preferably designed for 1-2mm, to ensure sensing Detection results.
When shift bar initial position is in P shelves, the signal of telecommunication that four Hall elements (turning left from the right side) export be low,
Low, high and low, information coding (from low level to a high position) is 0100；When forward operating shift bar to R shelves, coding information is 1010；
Forward operation shift bar is to N shelves in continuation, and coding information is 0101；It is further continued for forward operating shift bar and to D shelves, coding information is
0010。
Otherwise, when shift bar initial position is D shelves, the signal of telecommunication that four Hall elements (turning left from the right side) export is
Low, high and low, low, information coding (from low level to a high position) is 0010；When contrary operation shift bar to N shelves, coding information is
0101；Continuation contrary operation shift bar is to R shelves, and coding information is 1010；It is further continued for forward operating shift bar to P shelves, coding letter
Breath is 0100.
Utilize above-mentioned multisensor redundancy can improve the fault-tolerant ability of gearshift:
In gearshift, the inefficacy of any components and parts all may cause safety problem in various degree, so reducing components and parts
Failure probability and to improve fault-tolerant ability be design indispensable two contents of gearshift.Hall element is as detection shelves
The critical component of position information, the safety to the most whole Vehicular system of reliability of whole gearshift has significant impact.
(2) different detection mechanism sensors mutually verify
This utility model selected " Hall element-permanent magnet to " and hollow shaft encoder (being again rotary switch) this two
Plant the sensors of difference detection mechanism, the gear information each gathered mutually is verified.By in central processor MCU
Checking algorithm so that it is there is autonomous error correcting capability, thus improve the reliability and security of output gear information.
Hollow shaft encoder has three pins, respectively A, B, C.Wherein C is power input, A, B biphase output pulse
Signal.When gear level forward or inversely stirs different angles, hollow shaft encoder A, B output pin all can export different phases
Pulse signal, represents different gear information with " ON " (1) or " OFF " (0) combined information of the positioning stablity point of two phase signals.
Assume: the combined information of A, B that P, R, N, D are corresponding is respectively 00,10,11,01.
This utility model considers aforesaid 4 tunnels " Hall element-permanent magnet to " when there being a Hall element to lose efficacy
Time gearshift fault-tolerant ability, and " Hall element-permanent magnet to " independently entangle with what hollow shaft encoder mutually verified
Wrong ability.
Illustrate as a example by 4 Hall elements and 4 small magnetic rod combinations.
When first Hall element lost efficacy: (following numbering makes a, b, c into, d)
A., when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0100 or 1100.When being output as
When 0100, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When for 1100,4 Hall elements and proximity switch
Output information exports correct gear information 0100 after verifying, and positions the fault message of first Hall element.With
Time, hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verification with proximity switch, and the A that hollow shaft encoder is exported by central processing unit, B believe
Breath combination carries out initializing (00).
B., when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0010 or 1010.When being output as
When 0010,4 Hall elements export correct gear information after verifying with hollow shaft encoder output information (10)
1010, position the fault message of first Hall element simultaneously；When being output as 1010, signal output is normal, does not affect and changes
Latch device normally uses.
C., when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0101 or 1101.When being output as
When 0101, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 1101,4 Hall elements with in
Empty shaft encoder output information (11) exports correct gear information 0101, simultaneously first hall sensing in location after verifying
The fault message of device.
D., when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0010 or 1010.When being output as
When 0010, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 1010,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (01) exports correct gear information 0010, simultaneously first Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
When second Hall element lost efficacy:
A., when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0000 or 0100.When for 0000,
4 Hall elements export correct gear information 0100 after verifying with proximity switch output information, and position second
The fault message of Hall element；When being output as 0100, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses.Meanwhile,
Hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verification, the A that hollow shaft encoder is exported by central processing unit, B phase information group with proximity switch
Conjunction carries out initializing (00).
B., when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 1010 or 1110.When being output as
When 1010, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 1110,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (10) exports correct gear information 1010, simultaneously second Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
C., when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0001 or 0101.When being output as
When 0001,4 Hall elements export correct gear information after verifying with hollow shaft encoder output information (11)
0101, position the fault message of second Hall element simultaneously；When being output as 0101, signal output is normal, does not affect and changes
Latch device normally uses.
D., when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0010 or 0110.When being output as
When 0010, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 0110,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (01) exports correct gear information 0010, simultaneously second Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
When the 3rd Hall element lost efficacy:
A., when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0100 or 0110.When for 0100,
Signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 0110,4 Hall elements are defeated with proximity switch
Go out and after information verifies, export correct gear information (0100), and position the fault message of the 3rd Hall element.With
Time, hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verification with proximity switch, and the A that hollow shaft encoder is exported by central processing unit, B believe
Breath combination carries out initializing (00).
B., when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 1000 or 1010.When being output as
When 1000,4 Hall elements export correct gear information after verifying with hollow shaft encoder output information (10)
1010, position the fault message of the 3rd Hall element simultaneously；When being output as 1010, signal output is normal, does not affect and changes
Latch device normally uses.
C., when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0101 or 0111.When being output as
When 0101, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 0111,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (11) exports correct gear information 0101, simultaneously the 3rd Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
D., when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0000 or 0010.When being output as
When 0000,4 Hall elements export correct gear information after verifying with hollow shaft encoder output information (01)
0010, position the fault message of the 3rd Hall element simultaneously；When being output as 0010, signal output is normal, does not affect and changes
Latch device normally uses.
When the 4th Hall element lost efficacy:
A., when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0100 or 0101.When being output as
When 0100, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When for 0101,4 Hall elements and proximity switch
Output information exports correct gear information 0100 after verifying, and positions the fault message of the 4th Hall element.With
Time, hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verification with proximity switch, and the A that hollow shaft encoder is exported by central processing unit, B believe
Breath combination carries out initializing (00).
B., when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 1010 or 1011.When being output as
When 1010, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 1011,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (10) exports correct gear information 1010, simultaneously the 4th Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
C., when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0100 or 0101.When being output as
When 0100,4 Hall elements export correct gear information after verifying with hollow shaft encoder output information (11)
0101, position the fault message of the 4th Hall element simultaneously；When being output as 0101, signal output is normal, does not affect and changes
Latch device normally uses.
D., when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall element output codings may be 0010 or 0011.When being output as
When 0010, signal output is normal, does not affect gearshift and normally uses；When being output as 0011,4 Hall elements and hollow
Shaft encoder output information (01) exports correct gear information 0010, simultaneously the 4th Hall element in location after verifying
Fault message.
So, when there being a sensor failure, can by with the coordinating of proximity switch or hollow shaft encoder, and logical
Cross software algorithm to process, it is ensured that gearshift normally works, fault diagnosis can be facilitated with fault point simultaneously.
3, gear information is represented in a coded form
In the existing gearshift detected using Hall element as gear, mostly use one or dibit encoding, when
When having a sensor failure, whole gearshift will lose efficacy, and safety is extremely low.And this utility model uses four codings,
And small magnetic rod N pole and S pole are staggered, the two combination the quantity of information of the coding comprised is much larger than any group otherwise
Close the quantity of information of the coding comprised.
So, the method judging gear that this utility model uses, it is not to rely on a certain position information to judge gear, and
It is to judge gear by many bit-encoded informations.
Sum it up, three aspects of anti-invalidation functions major embodiment that gearshift described in the utility model has: one
It is the gear shift intention arbitration functions to R shelves of the P shelves by two travel switches realizations；Two is that Hall element and encoder are in inspection
Redundancy when surveying and judge gear information and verifying function；Three are the unique arrangements of Hall element and permanent magnet and are wrapped
The huge coding information quantity contained.Implementing of above-mentioned anti-invalidation functions just has higher safety so that gearshift, with
Time make the selector being equipped with this gearshift have higher safety and reliability.
Claims (10)
1. an automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure, is arranged at mounting seat or gear shift power input link including being relatively fixed
Multiple induction of signal acquisition member, and and the induction of signal component that is correspondingly arranged of induction of signal acquisition member, signal sense
Application component is relatively fixed and is arranged in gear shift power input link or mounting seat, and induction of signal component is moved with gear shift
Signals collecting is realized in can entering into the induction range of induction of signal acquisition member when force input member moves gear shift；Its feature
It is, described induction of signal acquisition member quantity at least two, described induction of signal the number of components at least two.
2. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described gear shift power input structure
Part is vertically arranged shift bar, and shift bar lower end is installed in rotation in mounting seat by the rotating shaft of horizontally set.
3. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described induction of signal component
Being arranged on a fanning strip side surface, fanning strip and the fixing connection of gear shift power input link also can rotate therewith,
The fan-shaped radian direction of fanning strip is consistent with gear shift power input link direction of rotation, and the design of described induction of signal acquisition member exists
On the signals collecting wiring board that and fanning strip spacing parallel arranging are arranged.
4. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described induction of signal gathers structure
Number of packages amount is consistent with automobile gears quantity and position and automobile gears one_to_one corresponding, and described induction of signal component correspondence is believed
Number inductive pick-up component is set to be spaced an induction of signal acquisition member and is correspondingly arranged the mode of an induction of signal component
Arrange.
5. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described induction of signal gathers structure
Part is Hall element, and described induction of signal component is the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by S.
6. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the most adjacent two S are the most right
It is additionally provided with, between the permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is installed, the signal shielding component preventing signal interference.
7. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described signal shielding component is
The permanent magnet that the direction of Hall element is the most just being installed by N.
8. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include that central authorities process
Device, described induction of signal acquisition member is connected with central processing unit, central processing unit signal output part and Vehicle Electronic Control list
Unit is connected.
9. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described central processing unit has
Two signal output parts are also each all connected with vehicle electronic control unit.
10. automotive electronics gear selecting electromagnetic induction structure as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that said two signal exports
End is respectively pwm signal outfan and CAN signal outfan.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620392533.3U CN205592376U (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2016-05-04 | Automotive electronics selection shelves electromagnetic induction structure |
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| CN201620392533.3U CN205592376U (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2016-05-04 | Automotive electronics selection shelves electromagnetic induction structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109425368A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | 力特有限公司 | Sensitivity enhanced gear absolute position transducer |
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2016
- 2016-05-04 CN CN201620392533.3U patent/CN205592376U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109425368A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | 力特有限公司 | Sensitivity enhanced gear absolute position transducer |
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Effective date of registration: 20221122 Address after: 401320 20-5, Building 9, No. 10, Longzhou Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing Yunxiang Tujin Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. A-18-4, No. 25, Keyuan 1st Street, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing 400,039 Patentee before: CHONGQING AIYITE AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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Effective date of registration: 20221228 Address after: 401336 No.2, Chahua Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing Sunyat New Energy Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 401320 20-5, Building 9, No. 10, Longzhou Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing Yunxiang Tujin Technology Co.,Ltd. |