CN107606131A - A kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure, including the gear information acquisition elements for realizing automobile gears information gathering, gear information acquisition elements are used to connect with vehicle electronic control unit, it is characterized in that, also include central processing unit, the gear information acquisition elements are connected with central processing unit, and there are central processing unit two signal output parts to be connected with vehicle electronic control unit.The present invention has simple in construction, and gear switch control is reliable, reduces global failure risk, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the advantages of gearshift global reliability.

Description

A kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to automobile control system field, and in particular to a kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure.

Background technology

Gears shifting device for automobile is the device that transforming gear selection is performed on automobile.Automobile variable speed gear box selects at present Mechanism is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is traditional gear selecting device using mechanical shift fork, be commonly called as it is manual, by manipulate shift bar rotate Angle switches between each gear, gear shift is realized by the band moving gear movement of mechanical shift fork, in park position（P shelves）, reverse gear（R Shelves）, neutral gear（N shelves）With the gears at different levels of traveling shelves（D1-D6）Between switch.Another kind is to use electronics gear selecting device, is commonly called as Automatic transmission, i.e., the action of electronics gear selection mechanism is driven by manipulating shift bar rotational angle, realized to park position（P shelves）, reverse gear（R Shelves）, neutral gear（N shelves）With traveling shelves（D shelves）Switching signal input collection, signal be delivered to central processing unit processing after again to vapour Car clutch end is controlled, wherein during traveling shelves work running car, vehicle, which can be detected voluntarily, to be judged vehicle condition and control Automobile power output regulation speed change realizes the switching of gears at different levels in traveling shelves.In current automobile, due to being filled using automatic transmission Put the operation to human pilot and require simpler, therefore start to realize using electronics gear selecting device in increasing automobile and change Shelves.

According to vehicle safety international standard ISO26262 definition, gear selecting device belong to safety requirements highest subsystem it One, the failure of gear selecting device may directly result in vehicle driver, passenger and the great personal injury of car nonlocal people, vehicle and The loss of other properties.Therefore during Automobile Design, the requirement more and more higher in the design requirement of gearshift to reliability.

In current existing electronics gear selecting device, gearshift generally comprises mounting seat, is vertically provided with and changes in mounting seat Lever, shift bar lower end are installed in rotation in mounting seat by the rotating shaft laterally set, in addition to are relatively fixed with mounting seat Multiple Hall sensors set, and be relatively fixed with shift bar a magnetic induction block of setting, manipulate shift bar rotate into During row gear-change operation, it can enter with dynamic magnetic induction block and be switched in the range of the induction region of different Hall sensors, Jin Ershi Now to the collection of shift signal, then signal is controlled to automobile power output end again after being delivered to central processing unit processing. Such as a kind of gearshift disclosed in China's number of patent application 201410341973.1, number of patent application 201010234378.X Disclosed a kind of automatic gearshift for vehicle etc. is all to employ said structure form.This electronics gear selecting device compensate for machine The deficiency of tool fork type gear selecting device, has a higher electronics integrated level, gear shift automation and intelligent, easy operation and attractive in appearance The advantages that.Simultaneously as Hall sensor and magnetic induction block are non-contact inductives, caused by avoiding the reasons such as dust dirt Failure, improves reliability to a certain extent.But simultaneously as Hall sensor belongs to electronic product, and by circuit and Central processing unit connection conveying signal, therefore under the factor influence such as the vibration of vehicle long run and dust, still easily The risk of shift signal collection failure be present, cause gear-change operation failure, drive easily cause great security incident by force.

At present, many vehicles under BMW and Jaguar, Land Rover have using electronics gear selecting device, are lost if running into appeal When imitating failure or short circuit, in order to ensure safety, often take and force the mode of locking to handle automobile power output end, With avoid can not the driving safety risk brought of gear shift, after it forces locking parking, the gear selecting device of electronic type is can not be to working as What preceding gear was discharged, trailer and rescue can only be fixed against, brings the inconvenience of driver behavior.

So gear-change operation reliability how could be improved, and so that automotive safety risk can in the case of reducing Improve and drive convenience, to facilitate troubleshooting, turning into has considered solve the problems, such as.

The content of the invention

For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are：How a kind of structure letter is provided Single, gearshift switching control is reliable, reduces global failure risk, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the automotive electronics choosing of gearshift global reliability Latch device control structure.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：

A kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure, including for realizing that the gear information of automobile gears information gathering gathers Element, gear information acquisition elements are used to connect with vehicle electronic control unit, it is characterised in that also including central processing unit, The gear information acquisition elements are connected with central processing unit, and central processing unit has two signal output parts and automotive electronics Control unit is connected.

So, carried in automotive electronics gear selecting device and a central processing unit is set, the centre that this can be relied on to carry Device is managed, the processing operations such as the inspection correction after gear information collection are realized, without still further into vehicle electronic control unit It is configured, improves the product function integrality of this automotive electronics gear selection mechanism, facilitates its independently installed use.Meanwhile institute Stating central processing unit also has two signal output parts and is each connected with vehicle electronic control unit.So, central processing Can be the letter of two kinds of different communications protocol patterns by output information processing after device carries out the operation such as information checking, redundancy self-test Vehicle electronic control unit number is delivered to, strengthens the antijamming capability in transmitting procedure, further improves gear shift reliability.

As optimization, described two signal output parts are respectively pwm signal output end and CAN signal output end.Both Communication mode has technology maturation, and information transmission is reliable, the characteristics of strong antijamming capability.

As optimization, the gear information acquisition elements, including one group of hall sensing for being used to realize gear information collection Device, in addition to encoder in the rotating shaft of gear shift power input link and be arranged in mounting seat and can detect gear shift The starting gear signal collection sensor of power input link starting gear signal change.

In such manner, it is possible to realize collection of the Liang Tao mechanisms to gear information, and then can be contrasted in central processing unit Correction, improve gear-change operation reliability.

As optimization, the permanent magnetism for being used to provide gear information of the Hall sensor and corresponding Hall sensor setting Body quantity each at least two, permanent magnet are installed for the direction of S poles face Hall sensor.

In such manner, it is possible to coordinate by multiple induction of signal components and multiple induction of signal acquisition members, after realizing coding Induced signal group output；The information content contained in every group of signal output can be improved to improve the testability of single group information, When the number of components is compared with odd encoder complexity, self-test verification corrigendum can be realized after error, to cause individual signal inductive pick-up structure After part failure, correct gear information is exported after remaining able to self-test verification corrigendum, gear information is drastically increased and can recognize that Property, improve drive safety.Meanwhile when the number of components is less, less induction of signal acquisition member can also be used real Now more gear identifications, are so equal to the quantity for reducing induction of signal acquisition member, just reduce single letter indirectly Number inductive pick-up component failure brings the probability of risk, improves security.

As optimization, the Hall sensor quantity is consistent with automobile gears quantity and position and automobile gears one by one Corresponding, the permanent magnet corresponds to Hall sensor and is arranged to be spaced the mode that a Hall sensor is correspondingly arranged a permanent magnet Arrangement.

So, it is equal to and induction of signal component respective notch location interval is set, quantity reduces half, it becomes possible to profit Codec complexity is improved with room information, and the complexity is produced by having the rule of fixed intervals, to be thus more favorable for Self calibration is carried out after having component failure and tests corrigendum, correct gear information is exported, drastically increases autonomous error correcting capability.

It is additionally provided between the permanent magnet installed as optimization, the direction per two neighboring S poles face Hall sensor anti- The signal shielding component of stop signal interference.

So, ensure when Hall sensor detect the direction installation of two S poles face Hall sensors permanent magnet it Between room when, can lean on signal shielding component shielding left and right signal interference, ensure detection output be low level, be more favorable for Coding is distinguished.

Further, the permanent magnet that the signal shielding component is installed for the direction of N poles face Hall sensor.So, Maximized signal shielding effect can be produced, the locational space reduced between adjacent induction of signal component, is filled reducing While putting volume, interference is reduced, ensures detection reliability and accuracy.

As optimization, the encoder is mechanical contact electric brush type encoder.So, realized by the way of Mechanical Contact The gear signal detection of gear signal testing agency, itself and Hall sensor is set to realize that the principle of gear detection is distinguished, pole The same accident that the earth reduces causes the risk of electronics gear selection mechanism and gear signal testing agency while failure.It ensure that at least There is one group of mechanism reliable operation, and then preferably improve the reliability of gear-change operation.

During implementation, encoder includes the encoder inner loop component for being fixed on rotating shaft, is arranged cooperation outside encoder inner ring portion Surface and the encoder outer collar members fixed with mounting seat, in addition to an encoder plug connector for being used for signal output switching. So convenient installation and signal output switching.

As optimization, starting gear signal collection sensor is a starting gear signal collection being fixed in mounting seat There is corresponding starting gear signal sensing contact part and so that gear shift with travel switch, on the gear shift power input link When power input link is in starting gear, starting gear signal sensing contact part can correspond to and touch starting gear signal Collection travel switch, makes it have simple in construction, detects the advantages of reliable.

In summary, the present invention has simple in construction, and gearshift switching control is reliable, reduces global failure risk, Neng Gouzeng The advantages of adding gearshift global reliability.

Brief description of the drawings：

Fig. 1 is the circuit module catenation principle figure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a kind of component decomposing schematic representation for the gears shifting device for automobile for employing structure of the present invention in embodiment.

Fig. 3 is each gear information coding when by taking 4 Hall sensors and corresponding 4 permanent magnets as an example in embodiment Schematic diagram.

In Fig. 2, label 1 is encoder plug connector, and 2 be encoder inner loop component, and 3 be encoder outer collar members, and 4 be installation Seat, 5 be induction of signal acquisition member, and 6 be signal acquisition circuit plate, and 7 be induction of signal component, and 8 be fanning strip, and 9 be starting Gear signal gathers sensor, and 10 be P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch, and 11 be unblock button, and 12 be shift bar, and 13 are Magnetic valve, 14 be spacer pin, and 15 be rotating shaft, and 16 be back-moving spring.

Embodiment

As shown in figure 1, a kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure, including for realizing automobile gears information gathering Gear information acquisition elements, gear information acquisition elements are used to connect with vehicle electronic control unit, and its feature is, in addition to Central processing unit, the gear information acquisition elements are connected with central processing unit, and central processing unit has two signal output parts It is connected with vehicle electronic control unit.Wherein described two signal output parts are respectively pwm signal output end and CAN signal output End.The gear information acquisition elements, including one group of Hall sensor for being used to realize gear information collection, in addition to be arranged on Encoder in the rotating shaft of gear shift power input link and it is arranged in mounting seat and can detects gear shift power input link and rise The starting gear signal collection sensor of beginning gear signal change.

The present invention is made with reference to a kind of gears shifting device for automobile accompanying drawing for employing structure of the present invention further detailed Explanation.

Optimal embodiment：As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of gears shifting device for automobile, including electronics gear selection mechanism, electronics gear selection mechanism Including including mounting seat 4, being provided with gear shift power input link in mounting seat 4, gear shift power input link can turn by rotating shaft 15 Cooperation is installed dynamicly in mounting seat, sets each gear to cause in gear shift power input link slewing area defeated by gear shift power The rotation for entering component realizes that gear is changed, and electronics gear selection mechanism, which also includes being relatively fixed, is arranged at mounting seat or the input of gear shift power Multiple induction of signal acquisition members 5 of component, and with the induction of signal that induction of signal acquisition member 5 is correspondingly arranged component 7, Induction of signal is relatively fixed with component to be arranged in gear shift power input link or mounting seat, and cause induction of signal component with Gear shift power input link can enter in the induction range of induction of signal acquisition member when rotating gear shift and realize signal acquisition； Characterized in that, gears shifting device for automobile also includes to move gear shift in gearshift procedure is realized in the rotation of gear shift power input link Force input member carries out the gear signal testing agency of signal detection when turning to each gear.

Above-mentioned gears shifting device for automobile is installed and used for automatic transmission vehicle, induction of signal acquisition member and gear letter during installation The signal output part of number testing agency is and the vehicle electronic control unit on automobile（ECU）Connect and provide gear letter for it Number；A central processing unit is additionally arranged during implementation, by induction of signal acquisition member and the signal output of gear signal testing agency End first is connected with central processing unit, by central processing unit progress signal transacting after be converted into standard communication protocol signal transmit to Handled in the process chip of vehicle electronic control unit.In addition, also further, PWM is set to believe in central processing unit Number output end is connected with CAN signal output end with vehicle electronic control unit so that CAN association is respectively adopted in central processing unit Signal and PWM protocol signal both of which transmission signals are discussed to vehicle electronic control unit, so can preferably improve signal The antijamming capability of transmitting procedure, and then just improve gear shift reliability.So, during normal operation in normal gear-change operation, rely on Electronics gear selection mechanism detects and provides gear signal to ECU and the corresponding gear-change operation of steam supply car clutch end execution, increased Gear signal testing agency can be used as verification；And when fault occurs in electronics gear selection mechanism so that gear-change operation without After method detects normal signal, now ECU can control alarm, while by the gear signal testing agency inspection to help out The gear signal measured, control automobile power output end perform corresponding execution gear-change operation.When ensure that failure, alarming And while reminding maintenance, vehicle can also realize gear-change operation under the booster action of gear signal testing agency and travel extremely Maintenace point significantly reduces the danger that Vehicular shift failure is brought for maintenance（Such as need to be converted to reverse gear by driving shelves During reversing, if reverse gear failure will produce greatly danger）, while avoid gear shift failure rear vehicle can only be forced it is locked Being unable to stir any more can only wait until that the driving that trailer and rescue belts come bothers.So allow for automotive safety risk reduce in the case of energy Enough improve drives convenience to facilitate troubleshooting.

In present embodiment, the gear shift power input link is vertically arranged shift bar 12, and shift bar lower end is by horizontal stroke Rotating shaft to setting is installed in rotation in mounting seat.

So, it is simple in construction, and meet ordinary operation mode, facilitate gear-change operation.But when it is implemented, gear shift power is defeated Enter component it is also contemplated that being rotary-disk type structure, or even in speech control control loop, the power after speech recognition by controlling Device output shaft is as gear shift power input link；Etc. be enforceable scope.

In present embodiment, the induction of signal is arranged on side surface of fanning strip 8 with component, fanning strip 8 and is changed Shelves power input link is fixedly connected and can rotated therewith, the fan-shaped radian direction of fanning strip 8 and the input of gear shift power Component direction of rotation is consistent, and the induction of signal acquisition member design is in one and the signal acquisition of fanning strip spacing parallel arranging arrangement On wiring board 6.

So, there is simple in construction and convenient installation, facilitate signal wire to export the advantages that connecting.When it is implemented, signal Sense application component and induction of signal acquisition member set location may be reversed, although being unfavorable for signal wire connection, fall within Enforceable scope.

In present embodiment, the induction of signal acquisition member quantity at least two, the induction of signal number of components Amount at least two so that induction of signal can be with signal sense when being moved to different stalls with gear shift power input link with component Acquisition member is answered to coordinate the induced signal group output for forming different coding.

In such manner, it is possible to coordinate by multiple induction of signal components and multiple induction of signal acquisition members, after realizing coding Induced signal group output；The information content contained in every group of signal output can be improved to improve the testability of single group information, When the number of components is compared with odd encoder complexity, self-test verification corrigendum can be realized after error, to cause individual signal inductive pick-up structure After part failure, correct gear information is exported after remaining able to self-test verification corrigendum, gear information is drastically increased and can recognize that Property, improve drive safety.Meanwhile when the number of components is less, less induction of signal acquisition member can also be used real Now more gear identifications, are so equal to the quantity for reducing induction of signal acquisition member, just reduce single letter indirectly Number inductive pick-up component failure brings the probability of risk, improves security.Such as when induction of signal acquisition member and signal sense When application component quantity is two minimum components, dislocation coding, i.e. induction of signal acquisition member and signal sense can be relied on Application component be mutually shifted for face when, be able to detect that signal output high level information coding is designated as 1, can not after mobile dislocation Detect that signal or the weaker output low level signal coding of signal are designated as 0, so may be constructed 00,01,11,10 4 group of coding Realize the detection of four gears；And traditional electronics gear selection mechanism that realize four gear detections needs to set four signal senses Answer acquisition member and an induction of signal component；Because induction of signal with member function is to be used to be induced, therefore be not in Failure risk, failure risk are concentrated in induction of signal acquisition member.So equally realize the base that four gear detections judge On plinth, when four risk sources are reduced to two risk sources, you can greatly reduce risk, improve security.

In present embodiment, the induction of signal acquisition member quantity is consistent with automobile gears quantity and position and vapour Car stop position correspond, the induction of signal with component correspond to induction of signal acquisition member be arranged to interval one induction of signal adopt Collection component is correspondingly arranged an induction of signal and arranged with the mode of component.

So, it is equal to and induction of signal component respective notch location interval is set, quantity reduces half, when signal sense In application component setting area, there is induction of signal acquisition member corresponding at induction of signal component can collect stronger letter Number output high level, output information is encoded to 1, and induction of signal acquisition member corresponding to empty place can not collect signal or only Weaker signal output low level can be collected, output signal is encoded to O.It is complicated thus coding to be improved using room information Property, and the complexity is produced by having the rule of fixed intervals, is thus more favorable for carrying out self-test after having component failure Verification corrigendum, exports correct gear information, drastically increases autonomous error correcting capability.Such as when Automobile Design five or six During gear, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding five or six, and between induction of signal is arranged to component Every three, when Automobile Design is four gears, induction of signal acquisition member quantitative design is corresponding four, and by signal Sense application component is set to two of interval.

In present embodiment, the induction of signal acquisition member 5 is Hall sensor, and the induction of signal component 7 is S The permanent magnet of the direction installation of pole face Hall sensor.

So, coordinated using Hall sensor and permanent magnet and realize signal acquisition testing, there is the advantages of reliability is high.When So implement when, can also use in the prior art other can realize sensing detection component coordinate realize gear signal collection inspection Survey.During implementation, permanent magnet is preferably cylindrical structure, and convenient installation is fixed.

In present embodiment, also set up between the permanent magnet that the direction per two neighboring S poles face Hall sensor is installed Having prevents the signal shielding component of signal interference.

So, ensure when Hall sensor detect the direction installation of two S poles face Hall sensors permanent magnet it Between room when, can lean on signal shielding component shielding left and right signal interference, ensure detection output be low level, be more favorable for Coding is distinguished.

In present embodiment, the signal shielding component is the permanent magnet that the direction of N poles face Hall sensor is installed.This Sample, maximized signal shielding effect can be produced, the locational space reduced between adjacent induction of signal component, reduced While device volume, interference is reduced, ensures detection reliability and accuracy.

In present embodiment, the gear signal testing agency includes the encoder being arranged in rotating shaft, in addition to sets The starting gear signal collection sensor 9 of gear shift power input link starting gear signal change can be detected in mounting seat.

Wherein, equal and vapour when gear is generally park position, encoder and starting gear signal collection sensor installation is originated Car electronic control unit（ECU）Connection.So, when vehicle starts gear-change operation by park position, first by starting gear signal Collection sensor detects that initial signal marks, and then detects the rotating shaft anglec of rotation by encoder, corresponding to show that gear is believed Breath examines self-test to be used as a comparison, drastically increases gear detection reliability.Simultaneously itself have it is simple in construction it is compact not Account for redundant space, convenient installation, the features such as reliability is high.In addition, when implementing, after vehicle starts gear-change operation by park position, After starting gear signal collection sensor detects initial signal mark, when judgement has been started up gear shift, ECU can be first by gear shift Signal is delivered to automobile power output end, pretrigger gear-change operation, drastically increases gear-change operation efficiency.

In present embodiment, the encoder is mechanical contact electric brush type encoder.So, by the way of Mechanical Contact Realize the gear signal detection of gear signal testing agency, make itself and electronics gear selection mechanism detected using electromagnetic induction by the way of from Distinguish and come in principle, significantly reduce same accident and cause electronics gear selection mechanism and gear signal testing agency while lose The risk of effect.It ensure that at least one group of mechanism reliable operation, and then preferably improve the reliability of gear-change operation.

During implementation, encoder includes the encoder inner loop component 2 for being fixed on rotating shaft, is arranged cooperation outside encoder inner ring portion Surface and the encoder outer collar members 3 fixed with mounting seat, in addition to an encoder plug connector for being used for signal output switching 1.So convenient installation and signal output switching.

In present embodiment, starting gear signal collection sensor is a starting gear signal being fixed in mounting seat Collection travel switch, have on the gear shift power input link corresponding starting gear signal sensing contact part and so that When gear shift power input link is in starting gear, starting gear signal sensing contact part can correspond to and touch starting gear Signal acquisition travel switch, makes it have simple in construction, detects the advantages of reliable.During implementation, starting gear signal sensing is used Contact part can be arranged directly on gear shift power input link, or be arranged as required to gear shift power input link phase Mutually on fixed other components, it should be regarded as being arranged on indirectly on gear shift power input link.

In present embodiment, in addition to P shelves cohesion devices, P shelves cohesion device include one and are arranged on the input of gear shift power It is used to realize in P shelves parkings on component or its rotating shaft and mechanically holds locked magnetic valve 13 tightly to P file locations, in addition to connects Enter the mechanical release of P shelves first into solenoid valve control circuit with travel switch 10 and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch （Do not shown in figure）, the first mechanical release of P shelves travel switch is in mounting seat and can be inputted with gear shift power A unblock button 11 on component links, and gear shift power input link presses unblock button when being in P shelves can pass through centre Force transmitting member triggering P the first mechanical releases of shelves are acted with travel switch, while the mechanical release of P shelves second is installed with travel switch Acted in brake pedal position so that the mechanical release of P shelves second can be triggered after stepping on brake pedal with travel switch.When P shelves One mechanical release travel switch and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch be triggered simultaneously action when, magnetic valve is carried out Mechanical release, now rotate gear shift power input link and can perform gear-change operation.Ensure security reliability during parked state.Its When middle gear shift power input link is shift bar 12, unblock button is arranged at shift bar top, and shift bar is hollow structure, middle Force transmitting member includes being vertically arranged to slide bar in shift bar inner chamber, slide bar bottom be laterally extended spacer pin 14 be used for and The mechanical release of P shelves first travel switch corresponding matching, the lower end of the slider set back-moving spring 16 to be resetted, the letter of this spline structure It is single, convenient and reliable operation.During implementation, further, P shelves the first mechanical release travel switch and the mechanical release of P shelves second are used Travel switch may be also connected to vehicle electronic control unit, for after trigger action is detected, sending a signal to automobile electricity Sub-control unit shows that prejudging gear shift is intended to, and pre-processes and prepare as gear shift for clutch end, improves gear shift efficiency.

Below based on above-mentioned optimal embodiment, the advantages of for durther example details gears shifting device for automobile and Principle.

The course of work of device is：When electric and shift bar is in P shelves on device, gear signal collection travel switch is originated Closure state and P shelves the second mechanical release travel switch are in travel switch with the mechanical release of P shelves first, works as driving Member is when will carry out P → R gear-change operations, the first step, first press the unblock button of shift bar upper end, and the mechanical release of P shelves first is gone Cheng Kaiguan is unlocked；Second step, brake pedal, the mechanical release of P shelves second are unlocked with travel switch；（Note：Above-mentioned first, Two step operation orders can be with the contrary, i.e. first brake pedal, then presses unblock button）3rd step, continue to operate shift bar, will It shifts to R gears, at this moment originates gear signal collection and is also at off-state with travel switch inner contact.

Encoder and shift bar moved in coaxial in gear signal testing agency, the athletic meeting of shift bar drive encoder inner ring Part rotates and exports corresponding gear coding information A, to judge current shift bar present position.Simultaneously in electronics gear selecting machine In structure, the multi-channel electric signal detected by multiple Hall sensor elements is converted into gear coding information B, and exports to gear shift The central processor MCU of device（MCU can be considered as an ECU part）；Encoder output gear coding information A and The gear coding information B of Hall sensor output MCU mutually verify it is errorless after, exported as final gear information.

The anti-invalidation functions of said apparatus are embodied in 3 aspects：

1st, it is intended to judge from P → R gear shift

What P → R gear shift was intended to judges mainly to cooperate altogether by two proximity switches in gearshift mounting seat With what is realized, it is therefore an objective to ensure that gearshift just exports when there is human pilot gear shift to be intended to and start to perform gear-change operation Shift signal, it is misjudged to prevent stop position.

When shift bar is in P shelves, the spring leaf on gear signal collection travel switch is originated by starting gear signal Sensing is depressed with contact part, and the mechanical release of P shelves first is limited pin with the spring leaf on travel switch and depressed, now two strokes Switch internal contact is in closure state；After electricity on gearshift, first to starting gear signal collection travel switch, The mechanical release of P shelves first does initialization with travel switch proximity switch and judged, its result represents whether shift bar is in P gears Put.

When pressing shift bar upper end unblock button, the slide bar inside shift bar moves down, and drives spacer pin to move down, The mechanical release of P shelves first is unlocked with travel switch, also the mechanical release of P shelves first is discharged with travel switch spring leaf, switch Inner contact is off, and now gearshift is still in P file locations, but can tentatively judge that driver has P → R gear shift It is intended to；After driver's brake pedal, control P the second mechanical releases of shelves are unlocked with travel switch, now be may determine that and are driven The person of sailing there is P → R gear shift to be intended to, while shift bar mechanical release is fully completed, and is possessed to R shelves mobile conditions, driver Gear-change operation can be continued.When shift bar leaves P file locations, starting gear signal collection is in closure-disconnection shape with travel switch The saltus step moment of state, by detecting electric signal from high to low（Or from low to high）Saltus step, you can judge that shift bar just leaves P Shelves, moved to R shelves.

Perform P → R gear-change operations, it is necessary to press shift bar upper end unblock button while coordinate brake pedal ability Two-stage mechanical position limitation is protected and unlocked；Otherwise, range seletor P file locations be by mechanical locking, it is irremovable, prevented with this Only it is misused.

2nd, there is multisensor redundancy and different detection mechanism sensors mutually to verify function

（1）Multisensor redundancy

" Hall sensor-magnet to " is the combination of Hall sensor and permanent magnet, and Hall sensor is according to Hall effect system A kind of magnetic field sensor made, the Hall sensor and permanent magnet of composition " Hall sensor-magnet to " are separately mounted to gear shift On the signal acquisition circuit plate and fanning strip of device.

Several permanent magnets are installed on fanning strip, N poles and S poles interlock outwardly, arcuately trajectory alignment, to produce N, the alternate array of magnetic dipoles of S, permanent magnet are permanent magnet materials, with respect to being less susceptible to fail for other electronic components；In signal It is provided with and permanent magnet quantity identical Hall sensor on collection wiring board.

When the S of permanent magnet is very close to or away from Hall sensor, Hall sensor can be made to produce the signal of on-off.Root According to the electrical characteristic of Hall sensor, when permanent magnet N is very close to Hall sensor, its output is low level, and information is encoded to 0, When permanent magnet S is very close to Hall sensor, its output is high level, and information is encoded to 1.Multichannel " Hall sensor-magnet to " More bit-encoded informations are produced, the coding information is used for representing gear information.

Multichannel " Hall sensor-magnet to " can be：Containing 2-6 Hall sensor and 2-6 permanent magnet and they Combination.

Below with 4 Hall sensors and corresponding 4 set of permanent magnets into 4 tunnels " Hall sensor-permanent magnet to " be Example is described in detail.

Hall sensor is soldered turns into signal acquisition circuit plate on circuit boards, and signal acquisition circuit plate is arranged on gear shift It is fixture in device shell of top cover body；Permanent magnet is arranged on fanning strip, is movement parts；When operating shift bar with driver The change of gear, fanning strip realize rotation by rotating shaft, the permanent magnet installed thereon and the Hall installed on signal acquisition circuit plate Relative position between sensor changes.

When shift bar initial position is in P shelves（Forward original position, inverse limit position）When, Hall sensor and permanent magnetism The relative position of body is shown in Fig. 3；When forward operating shift bar to R shelves（In the premise of two-stage mechanical position limitation protection unblock Under）, the relative position for the certain angle, Hall sensor and permanent magnet of will staggering between fanning strip and signal acquisition circuit plate As shown in Figure 3；When continuing forward to operate shift bar to N shelves, the angle to stagger between fanning strip and signal acquisition circuit plate continues Increase, the relative position of Hall sensor and permanent magnet continues to change such as Fig. 3；It is further continued for forward operating shift bar to D shelves, it is fan-shaped The angle to stagger between plate and signal acquisition circuit plate increases again（Reach extreme position forward, reverse start bit Put）, now, the relative position of Hall sensor and permanent magnet is as shown in Figure 3.Hall sensor according to corresponding to permanent magnet therewith Different S, N polarity, produce different make-and-break signals, finally produce different more bit-encoded informations to represent different gear letters Breath.

Multidigit is fixed as caused by multichannel " Hall sensor-permanent magnet to " compile so each gear information is exactly one group Code information.During shift bar is forward operated from P shelves to D shelves, relative position is illustrated between Hall sensor and permanent magnet As shown in figure 3, in figure, arrow represents Hall sensor, and N represents that permanent magnet N pole-faces represent permanent magnet S pole to Hall sensor, S Towards Hall sensor.

According to the electrical characteristic of Hall sensor, when permanent magnet N is very close to Hall sensor, its output is low level, letter Breath is encoded to 0；When permanent magnet S is very close to Hall sensor, its output is high level, and information is encoded to 1；Permanent magnet and Hall Gap between sensor test surface is preferably designed for 1-2mm, to ensure to sense Detection results.

When shift bar initial position is in P shelves, four Hall sensors（Turned left from the right side）The electric signal of output for it is low, It is low, high and low, information coding（From low level to a high position）For 0100；When forward operating shift bar to R shelves, coding information 1010； Continue forward to operate shift bar to N shelves, coding information 0101；Be further continued for forward operating shift bar to D shelves, coding information be 0010。

Conversely, when shift bar initial position is D shelves, four Hall sensors（Turned left from the right side）The electric signal of output is It is low, high and low, low, information coding（From low level to a high position）For 0010；When contrary operation shift bar to N shelves, coding information is 0101；Continue contrary operation shift bar to R shelves, coding information 1010；It is further continued for forward operating shift bar to P shelves, coding letter Cease for 0100.

The fault-tolerant ability of gearshift can be improved using above-mentioned multisensor redundancy：

The failure of any component may all cause different degrees of safety problem in gearshift, so reducing component Failure probability and raising fault-tolerant ability are to design two indispensable contents of gearshift.Hall sensor is as detection shelves The critical component of position information, there is significant impact to the security of the even whole Vehicular system of reliability of whole gearshift.

（2）Difference detection mechanism sensor mutually verifies

The present invention has selected " Hall sensor-permanent magnet to " and hollow shaft encoder（It is called rotary switch）This two kinds of differences The sensor of mechanism is detected, the gear information each gathered is mutually verified.Pass through the verification in central processor MCU Algorithm, autonomous error correcting capability is made it have, so as to improve the reliability and security of output gear information.

Hollow shaft encoder has three pins, respectively A, B, C.Wherein C is power input, and A, B two-phase export pulse Signal.When gear level forward or inversely stirs different angle, hollow shaft encoder A, B output pin can all export different phases Pulse signal, with " ON " of the positioning stablity point of two phase signals（1）Or " OFF "（0）Combined information represents different gear information.

Assuming that：The combined information of A, B corresponding to P, R, N, D is respectively 00,10,11,01.

The present invention considers 4 foregoing tunnels " Hall sensor-permanent magnet to " and changed when there is a Hall sensor failure The fault-tolerant ability of latch device, and the autonomous error correction energy that " Hall sensor-permanent magnet to " mutually verifies with hollow shaft encoder Power.

Illustrated by taking 4 Hall sensors and 4 small magnetic rod combinations as an example.

When first Hall sensor fails：（Numbering makes a, b, c, d into below）

A. when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0100 or 1100.When output is 0100 When, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When for 1100 when, 4 Hall sensors and proximity switch are defeated Go out after information is verified to export correct gear information 0100, and position the fault message of first Hall sensor.Together When, hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verifications with proximity switch, and the A that central processing unit exports to hollow shaft encoder, B believe Breath combination is initialized（00）.

B. when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0010 or 1010.When output is When 0010,4 Hall sensors and hollow shaft encoder output information（10）Correct gear information is exported after being verified 1010, while position the fault message of first Hall sensor；When output is 1010, signal output is normal, does not influence to change Latch device normal use.

C. when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0101 or 1101.When output is When 0101, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output is 1101,4 Hall sensors are with Empty shaft encoder output information（11）Correct gear information 0101 is exported after being verified, while positions first hall sensing The fault message of device.

D. when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0010 or 1010.When output is When 0010, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 1010 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（01）Correct gear information 0010 is exported after being verified, while positions first Hall sensor Fault message.

When second Hall sensor fails：

A. when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0000 or 0100.When for 0000 when, 4 Hall sensor exports correct gear information 0100 after being verified with proximity switch output information, and positions second suddenly The fault message of your sensor；When output is 0100, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use.Meanwhile Hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verifications, the A that central processing unit exports to hollow shaft encoder, B phase information groups with proximity switch Conjunction is initialized（00）.

B. when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 1010 or 1110.When output is When 1010, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 1110 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（10）Correct gear information 1010 is exported after being verified, while positions second Hall sensor Fault message.

C. when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0001 or 0101.When output is When 0001,4 Hall sensors and hollow shaft encoder output information（11）Correct gear information is exported after being verified 0101, while position the fault message of second Hall sensor；When output is 0101, signal output is normal, does not influence to change Latch device normal use.

D. when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0010 or 0110.When output is When 0010, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 0110 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（01）Correct gear information 0010 is exported after being verified, while positions second Hall sensor Fault message.

When the 3rd Hall sensor fails：

A. when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0100 or 0110.When for 0100 when, letter Number output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output is 0110,4 Hall sensors export with proximity switch Information exports correct gear information 0100 after being verified, and positions the fault message of the 3rd Hall sensor.Meanwhile Hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verifications, the A that central processing unit exports to hollow shaft encoder, B phase information groups with proximity switch Conjunction is initialized（00）.

B. when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 1000 or 1010.When output is When 1000,4 Hall sensors and hollow shaft encoder output information（10）Correct gear information is exported after being verified 1010, while position the fault message of the 3rd Hall sensor；When output is 1010, signal output is normal, does not influence to change Latch device normal use.

C. when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0101 or 0111.When output is When 0101, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 0111 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（11）Correct gear information 0101 is exported after being verified, while positions the 3rd Hall sensor Fault message.

D. when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0000 or 0010.When output is When 0000,4 Hall sensors export correct gear information after being verified with hollow shaft encoder output information (01) 0010, while position the fault message of the 3rd Hall sensor；When output is 0010, signal output is normal, does not influence to change Latch device normal use.

When the 4th Hall sensor fails：

A. when current gear is P shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0100 or 0101.When output is 0100 When, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When for 0101 when, 4 Hall sensors and proximity switch are defeated Go out after information is verified to export correct gear information 0100, and position the fault message of the 4th Hall sensor.Together When, hollow shaft encoder also carries out P shelves verifications with proximity switch, and the A that central processing unit exports to hollow shaft encoder, B believe Breath combination is initialized（00）.

B. when current gear is R shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 1010 or 1011.When output is When 1010, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 1011 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（10）Correct gear information 1010 is exported after being verified, while positions the 4th Hall sensor Fault message.

C. when current gear is N shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0100 or 0101.When output is When 0100,4 Hall sensors and hollow shaft encoder output information（11）Correct gear information is exported after being verified 0101, while position the fault message of the 4th Hall sensor；When output is 0101, signal output is normal, does not influence to change Latch device normal use.

D. when current gear is D shelves, 4 Hall sensor exports codings may be 0010 or 0011.When output is When 0010, signal output is normal, does not influence gearshift normal use；When output be 0011 when, 4 Hall sensors with it is hollow Shaft encoder output information（01）Correct gear information 0010 is exported after being verified, while positions the 4th Hall sensor Fault message.

So when there is a sensor failure, can be by the cooperation with proximity switch or hollow shaft encoder, and lead to Software algorithm processing is crossed, ensures gearshift normal work, while fault diagnosis can be facilitated with fault point.

3rd, gear information is represented in a coded form

In the existing gearshift detected using Hall sensor as gear, one or dibit encoding are used mostly, when having one During individual sensor failure, whole gearshift will fail, and security is extremely low.And the present invention is encoded using four, and small magnetic rod N poles and S poles are staggered, and are wrapped by the information content of the included coding of the two combination much larger than any combination otherwise The information content of the coding contained.

So the method for judging gear that the present invention uses, is not to rely on a certain position information to judge gear, but Judge gear by more bit-encoded informations.

Sum it up, three aspects of anti-invalidation functions major embodiment that gearshift of the present invention has：It is first, logical The gear shift for crossing P shelves to R shelves that two travel switches are realized is intended to arbitration functions；Second, Hall sensor and encoder are detecting With the redundancy and verifying function when judging gear information；Third, the unique arrangement of Hall sensor and permanent magnet and being wrapped The huge coding information quantity contained.The specific implementation of above-mentioned anti-invalidation functions causes gearshift just to have higher security, together When cause the selector for being equipped with this gearshift that there is higher safety and reliability.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure, including for realizing that the gear information of automobile gears information gathering gathers Element, gear information acquisition elements are used to connect with vehicle electronic control unit, it is characterised in that also including central processing unit, The gear information acquisition elements are connected with central processing unit, and central processing unit has two signal output parts and automotive electronics control Unit processed is connected.

2. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described two signal output parts Respectively pwm signal output end and CAN signal output end.

3. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gear information collection member Part, including one group of Hall sensor for being used to realize gear information collection, in addition to turn installed in gear shift power input link Encoder on axle and it is arranged on the starting that the starting gear signal change of gear shift power input link can be detected in mounting seat Gear signal gathers sensor.

4. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the Hall sensor and The permanent magnet quantity for being used to provide gear information that corresponding Hall sensor is set each at least two, permanent magnet be S extremely just The direction of Hall sensor is installed.

5. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the Hall sensor quantity Consistent and position and automobile gears correspond with automobile gears quantity, and the permanent magnet corresponds to Hall sensor and is arranged to The mode that one Hall sensor in interval is correspondingly arranged a permanent magnet is arranged.

6. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that per two neighboring S poles face The signal shielding component for preventing signal interference is additionally provided between the permanent magnet of the direction installation of Hall sensor.

7. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the signal shielding component is The permanent magnet of the direction installation of N poles face Hall sensor.

8. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the encoder touches for machinery Point electric brush type encoder.

9. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that encoder, which includes being fixed on, to be turned The encoder inner loop component of axle, be arranged coordinate encoder inner ring portion outer surface and with mounting seat fix encoder outer ring portion Part, in addition to an encoder plug connector for being used for signal output switching.

10. automotive electronics gear selecting device control structure as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that starting gear signal collection Sensor is be fixed in mounting seat one starting gear signal collection travel switch, on the gear shift power input link When with corresponding starting gear signal sensing contact part and make it that gear shift power input link is in starting gear, shelves are originated Position induction of signal contact part, which can correspond to, touches starting gear signal collection travel switch.