CN205563193U - Automatic clearance system of ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a replace the automatic clearance system of ship of manpower, it includes: ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic detection circuit, travel switch, a program memory, first relay, the second relay, the motor drive control circuit, motor and hoist engine, when the ship is close the breed waters, ultrasonic sensor sensing ship arrives the distance of breeding the waters, and transmit the sensing result for the singlechip through the ultrasonic detection circuit, the singlechip is handled the signal of ultrasonic sensor output, and whether the state judgement ship that combines travel switch has entered into in the clearance region, and then drive first relay or second relay, thereby the operating condition of control motor, realize the automatic clearance of ship. The utility model has the beneficial effects of: realize the automatic rising of fishing net, the effectual time of saving the fisherman, fully released fisherman's labour.

Description

Ship is let pass system automatically

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of ship clearance system, is specifically related to a kind of ship replacing manpower Only automatically let pass system.

Background technology

In southern streamy area, a lot of fishermen usually can next section of waters of frame, bamboo is used at two ends Sheet and fishing net stop the shoal of fish, carry out aquaculture.With Liang Duo river, Zhong Zhuan town, Jianhu County, Jiangsu Province it is Example, 15 kilometers of long waters, have similar 10 kilometers for aquaculture, almost three/ Two.

But, general river, except having the function of aquaculture, also has the merit of ship transport Energy.

Fig. 1 is traditional manual winch ship clearance system schematic.Waters C is aquaculture Take territory, it is assumed that fisherman A observes that the ship of boatman B is from the western east close to Cultivated water of east orientation Face, fisherman A rotates clockwise winch in the east, and stay cord is relaxation state, is suspended on stay cord On fishing net because of bottom fishing net sandstone Action of Gravity Field decline, ship passes through；Ship sails out of In the east, fisherman A rotates counterclockwise winch to waters C, and stay cord is tensioned state, and fishing net returns to Position originally.When ship drives to west, waters when, repeat above procedure.

This easy ship clearance system, needs two fishermen to observe ship by the river all day, Or fisherman must be phoned until there being ship to come and allows him put net, so near riverbank Very inconvenient.

Utility model content

For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide to replace a people The ship of power is let pass system automatically, and this system can effectively be saved the time of fisherman, fully be released Put the labour of fisherman.

In order to realize above-mentioned target, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that:

A kind of ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that including: ultrasonic sensor, super Sonic detection circuit, travel switch, SCM system, the first relay, the second relay, Motor driving controling circuit, motor and hoist engine, wherein, SCM system includes: single-chip microcomputer, Power circuit and crystal oscillating circuit, power circuit provides power supply for single-chip microcomputer, and crystal oscillating circuit is monolithic Machine provides clock signal,

When ship is close to Cultivated water, ultrasonic sensor sensing ship to Cultivated water away from From, and by ultrasound detection circuit, sensing result being transferred to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is to ultrasonic The signal of wave sensor output processes, and whether combines the condition adjudgement ship of travel switch Having been introduced in clear region, when ship has been introduced in clear region, single-chip microcomputer will Pine net signal is transferred to the first relay, and the first relay is controlled by motor driving controling circuit Motor rotates, and motor drives hoist engine to loosen fishing net stay cord, after ship sails out of clear region, Single-chip microcomputer will draw in the net signal and be transferred to the second relay, and the second relay passes through drive and control of electric machine Circuit controls motor and reversely rotates, and motor drives hoist engine tension fishing net stay cord.

Aforesaid ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that aforementioned ultrasonic wave sensor uses Be HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor.

Aforesaid ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that aforementioned single-chip microcomputer uses STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer.

Aforesaid ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that aforementioned SCM system also includes: Reset circuit, presses SR, and the program within single-chip microcomputer starts anew to perform automatically.

Aforesaid ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that also include: the 3rd relay, Driving fish control circuit and sound wave crowder, when ship is let pass, single-chip microcomputer will drive the transmission of fish signal To the 3rd relay, the 3rd relay controls the work of sound wave crowder by driving fish control circuit, After ship sails out of clear region, sound wave crowder quits work.

Of the present utility model have the beneficial effect that

(1) this system uses the ship of ultrasonic sensor detection dealing, and signal is entered by single-chip microcomputer Row is analyzed, is judged, the work such as Control motor, hoist engine, it is achieved that fishing net automatic Lifting, the effective time saving fisherman, fully discharges the labour of fisherman；

(2) system that employs sound wave crowder, be effectively prevented the shoal of fish when ship is let pass Flee from raising waters, it is to avoid cause unnecessary property loss；

(3) this system cost is low, safe and reliable, can be widely applied to river block aquatic products and supports Grow.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is traditional manual winch ship clearance system schematic；

Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of ship clearance system automatically of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of ultrasound detection circuit；

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of travel switch；

Fig. 5 is the mechanical construction drawing of travel switch；

Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of SCM system；

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of motor driving controling circuit；

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram driving fish control circuit；

Fig. 9 is that ship is let pass the fundamental diagram of system automatically.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model made concrete introduction.

With reference to Fig. 2, ship clearance system automatically of the present utility model includes: ultrasonic sensor, Ultrasound detection circuit, travel switch, SCM system, the first relay, the second relay, Motor driving controling circuit, motor and hoist engine.

When ship is close to Cultivated water, ultrasonic sensor sensing ship to Cultivated water away from From, and by ultrasound detection circuit, sensing result being transferred to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is to ultrasonic The signal of wave sensor output processes, and whether combines the condition adjudgement ship of travel switch Having been introduced in clear region, when ship has been introduced in clear region, single-chip microcomputer will Pine net signal is transferred to the first relay, and the first relay is controlled by motor driving controling circuit Motor rotates, and motor drives hoist engine to loosen fishing net stay cord, after ship sails out of clear region, Single-chip microcomputer will draw in the net signal and be transferred to the second relay, and the second relay passes through drive and control of electric machine Circuit controls motor and reversely rotates, and motor drives hoist engine tension fishing net stay cord.

Visible, ship clearance system automatically of the present utility model achieves the automatic lifting of fishing net, Effectively save the time of fisherman, fully release the labour of fisherman.

Structure and the feature of in this system each several part are described in detail below.

One, ultrasonic sensor and ultrasound detection circuit

Ultrasonic sensor uses HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, it is possible to provide The contactless distance sensing function of 2cm-400cm, range accuracy may be up to 3mm.

Ultrasound detection circuit is as shown in Figure 3.This circuit is powered by the dc source of 5V, TRIG Pin and ECHO pin are respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer, it is achieved single-chip microcomputer and ultrasonic sensor it Between mutual communication.

Ultrasonic sensor range finding formula is: distance=(high level time × velocity of sound)/2.When giving The TRIG pin of HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor provides the pulse-triggered of a more than 10uS During signal, sensor internal will send 8 40kHz cycle level and detect echo, once Echo-signal, ECHO pin output response signal, and the pulse width of response signal are detected Degree with found range from being directly proportional, by the time between transmitting signal and the response signal that receives Interval calculation distance.

The suggestion measurement cycle is more than 60ms, to prevent from launching the signal impact on response signal.

Two, travel switch

The circuit of travel switch is as shown in Figure 4.This circuit is respectively by S1 pin and S2 pin Sending the status information of switch to single-chip microcomputer, arranging travel switch in experiment is that low level has Effect.

The frame for movement of travel switch is as shown in Figure 5.Prepare narrow meshed insulation board (wood in the middle of one Plate, plastic plate etc.), the size in hole is determined by the thickness of hawser, can freely go out with rope Enter to be advisable.On insulation board, two travel switches of device respectively, its position is at aperture Near.A protrusion is placed, the end rotated forward as motor or reversion in the suitable position of hawser Top so that protrusion arrive specify position time, just bump against travel switch, it is achieved electricity The stall of machine, when wherein the position of protrusion refers to fishing net raising and lowering in concrete river course The distance that hawser is moved.

When single-chip microcomputer arranges delay time, it is less than the hawser time from end to top, prevents Relay secondary drives, and causes the accident.

Three, SCM system

SCM system includes: single-chip microcomputer, power circuit, crystal oscillating circuit and reset circuit.

Single-chip microcomputer uses STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer.

Power circuit, for providing power supply for single-chip microcomputer, is powered by the dc source of 5V.Reference 20 pin of Fig. 6, STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer, 40 pin are power pins.

Crystal oscillating circuit is for providing clock signal for single-chip microcomputer, by crystal oscillator and two 22pF of 12M Electric capacity constitute.With reference to 18 pin of Fig. 6, STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer, 19 pin it is Crystal oscillator pin.

Reset circuit is made up of resistance, electric capacity and switch, when SCM system is by external interference Or program occurs the when that race flying, pressing SR, the program within single-chip microcomputer is the most from the beginning Start to perform.9 pin with reference to Fig. 6, STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer are reset pins.

Four, first/second relay, motor driving controling circuit, motor and hoist engine

First relay and the second relay form the first group relay, are used for driving motor to drive Control circuit.

Motor driving controling circuit is as shown in Figure 7.When STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer During P3.0 pin output high level, P3.1 pin output low level, (can by TLP521-1 The photo-coupler controlled) make triode Q1 saturation conduction, make triode Q2 end, then continue Electrical equipment K1 normally opened contact Guan Bi, the release of relay K 2 normally opened contact, status indicator lamp simultaneously LED1 lights, status indicator lamp LED2 extinguishes, and motor rotates forward.Otherwise, motor is anti- To rotation.Remaining state motor keeps static.

Diode D1 and diode D2 shields.In the moment of triode cut-off, due to Electric current in coil can not sport zero, and relay coil two ends can produce a high voltage Induced electromotive force, the induced electromotive force that coil produces then can be discharged by diode IN4148, Thus protect triode and exempt from breakdown, also eliminate induced electromotive force and other circuit are done Disturb.

As the preferred scheme of one, ship clearance system automatically of the present utility model also includes: 3rd relay (the second group relay, be used for drive fish control circuit), drive fish and control electricity Road and sound wave crowder, when ship is let pass, single-chip microcomputer will drive fish signal and be transferred to the 3rd relay Device, the 3rd relay controls the work of sound wave crowder by driving fish control circuit, when ship sails out of Behind clear region, sound wave crowder quits work.So can effectively prevent the shoal of fish at ship Raising waters is fled from, it is to avoid cause unnecessary property loss during clearance.

Drive fish control circuit as shown in Figure 8.P3.2 when STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer Pin output high level, makes triode Q3 saturation conduction, then relay by TLP521-1 K3 normally opened contact closes, and is equivalent to switch Guan Bi, and status indicator lamp LED3 lights simultaneously, Sound wave crowder is started working.Otherwise, sound wave crowder quits work.

With reference to Fig. 9, automatically the let pass operation principle of system of ship of the present utility model is as follows:

When ship is close to Cultivated water, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer sends signal, and ECOH end output high level, by calculating Ship is the most attached in clear region to the Distance Judgment ship of HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor Closely, then it is analyzed with the combinations of states of travel switch and judges, and then driving relay, control Motor processed and the duty of sound wave crowder, it is achieved ship is let pass automatically.

In sum, ship clearance system automatically of the present utility model uses ultrasonic sensor inspection Surveying the ship of dealing, signal is analyzed, judges by single-chip microcomputer, Control motor, volume Raise the work such as machine, it is achieved that the automatic lifting of fishing net, the effective time saving fisherman, fully The labour of release fisherman.

It should be noted that above-described embodiment limits the utility model the most in any form, all adopt The technical scheme obtained by the mode of equivalent or equivalent transformation, all falls within the utility model Protection domain in.

Claims (5)

1. ship is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that including: ultrasonic sensor, ultrasonic Ripple testing circuit, travel switch, SCM system, the first relay, the second relay, electricity Machine drives control circuit, motor and hoist engine, and wherein, SCM system includes: single-chip microcomputer, Power circuit and crystal oscillating circuit, power circuit provides power supply for single-chip microcomputer, and crystal oscillating circuit is monolithic Machine provides clock signal,

When ship is close to Cultivated water, ultrasonic sensor sensing ship to Cultivated water away from From, and by ultrasound detection circuit, sensing result being transferred to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is to ultrasonic The signal of wave sensor output processes, and whether combines the condition adjudgement ship of travel switch Having been introduced in clear region, when ship has been introduced in clear region, single-chip microcomputer will Pine net signal is transferred to the first relay, and the first relay is controlled by motor driving controling circuit Motor rotates, and motor drives hoist engine to loosen fishing net stay cord, after ship sails out of clear region, Single-chip microcomputer will draw in the net signal and be transferred to the second relay, and the second relay passes through drive and control of electric machine Circuit controls motor and reversely rotates, and motor drives hoist engine tension fishing net stay cord.

Ship the most according to claim 1 is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that described Ultrasonic sensor uses HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor.

Ship the most according to claim 1 is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that described Single-chip microcomputer uses STC12C5A60S2 type single-chip microcomputer.

Ship the most according to claim 1 is let pass system automatically, it is characterised in that described SCM system also includes: reset circuit, presses SR, and the program within single-chip microcomputer is certainly Dynamic starting anew performs.

5. automatically let pass system according to the ship described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, its feature It is, also includes: the 3rd relay, drive fish control circuit and sound wave crowder, when ship is put During row, single-chip microcomputer will drive fish signal and be transferred to the 3rd relay, and the 3rd relay is by driving fish control Circuit processed controls the work of sound wave crowder, and after ship sails out of clear region, sound wave crowder stops Only work.