CN205539296U - Short circuit testing arrangement in battery - Google Patents
Short circuit testing arrangement in battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN205539296U CN205539296U CN201620079854.8U CN201620079854U CN205539296U CN 205539296 U CN205539296 U CN 205539296U CN 201620079854 U CN201620079854 U CN 201620079854U CN 205539296 U CN205539296 U CN 205539296U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a short circuit testing arrangement in battery, include the battery, set up in the inside interior short circuit triggering element of this battery to and set up in the outside heating device of this battery, this battery is including the diaphragm, should be the sheet structure by interior short circuit triggering element, including supporting part and a plurality of deformation portion, these a plurality of deformation portions and this supporting part structure as an organic whole, these a plurality of deformation portions symmetry mutual for this supporting part sets up, and this deformation portion has the pointed end, this heating device and most likely interior short circuit triggering element correspond the setting to can make short circuit triggering element's in the heating of short circuit triggering element extremely is somebody's turn to do in being somebody's turn to do the temperature that triggers this deformation portion take place deformation and make this pointed end impale this diaphragm to this unfamiliar direction, thereby cause the interior short circuit of this battery.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to cell art, is specifically related to battery internal short-circuit test device.
Background technology
Most safety problems of lithium-ion-power cell can be controlled by the exterior measures such as electrical management or temperature treatment or alleviate.Current most electric automobile producer all applies such measures to improve security in the power battery module of oneself.But, the thermal runaway caused by internal short-circuit is the most thorny problem being difficult to resolve in all safety problems, the origin cause of formation causing internal short-circuit is a lot, various different situations or reason may cause internal short-circuit in various degree and danger, and it can not effectively be controlled by the exterior measures such as existing electrical management or temperature treatments and be alleviated.And the safety problem that majority is during battery normally uses is all relevant to internal short-circuit, not only in electric automobile field so, the field using lithium ion battery at other is also such, such as digital product, aircraft etc..
At present, the difficult point that the discovery of internal short-circuit and prediction are still that in cell safety problem.Internal short-circuit method of testing in many standards, such as extruding, acupuncture, external short circuit etc., owing to the integrality of battery can be destroyed in test process, make battery that serious damage to occur, thus the internal short-circuit occurred with actually used process has basic difference, it is impossible to the internal short-circuit state of vivid simulated battery.Therefore, the test of current internal short-circuit and the main difficulty studied are that and find suitable method to trigger internal short-circuit.
Utility model content
In view of this, the battery internal short-circuit test device of the internal short-circuit state of the vivid simulated battery of a kind of energy of necessary offer.
The test device of a kind of battery internal short-circuit, including battery, the internal short-circuit trigger element that is arranged at this inside battery, and is arranged at the heater of this outside batteries；This battery includes barrier film；This internal short-circuit trigger element is laminated structure, and including supporting part and multiple deformations, the plurality of deformations is structure as a whole with this supporting part, and the plurality of deformations is symmetrically set relative to this supporting part, and this deformations has tip；This heater is correspondingly arranged with this internal short-circuit trigger element, and this internal short-circuit trigger element can be heated to the triggering temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element, make this deformations deform upon and make this tip to be pierced through by this barrier film to the direction of this barrier film, thus cause this battery internal short-circuit.
The test device of the utility model provided battery internal short-circuit and triggering method trigger this internal short-circuit trigger element by temperature change and deform upon and pierced through by battery diaphragm and cause battery internal short-circuit, the method is simple, conveniently and easily operate, the integrality of this battery will not be damaged by this internal short-circuit trigger element, can more vivid simulated battery actually used during internal short-circuit state, this is security performance assessing when cell safety Study on Problems and battery design, contrast provides a kind of reliable, efficient internal short-circuit triggering mode, research for battery internal short-circuit field, and battery design research and development have key effect with the security performance assessing in performance comparison.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model first embodiment battery internal short-circuit test device.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the internal short-circuit trigger element of the utility model one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the internal short-circuit trigger element of another embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the top view of the internal short-circuit trigger element of the another embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the side view before and after the internal short-circuit trigger element of the utility model one embodiment deforms upon.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the internal short-circuit trigger element triggering positive electrode-negative material type internal short-circuit of the utility model first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the internal short-circuit trigger element triggering negative material-plus plate current-collecting body type internal short-circuit of the utility model first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the utility model the second embodiment battery internal short-circuit test device.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the internal short-circuit trigger element triggering positive electrode-negative current collector type internal short-circuit of the utility model the second embodiment.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the internal short-circuit trigger element triggering plus plate current-collecting body-negative current collector type internal short-circuit of the utility model the second embodiment.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the internal short-circuit trigger element triggering positive electrode-negative material type internal short-circuit of the utility model the 3rd embodiment.
Main element symbol description
| Test device | 10 |
| Battery | 100 |
| Plus plate current-collecting body | 110 |
| Positive electrode material layer | 120 |
| Barrier film | 130 |
| Negative electrode material layer | 140 |
| Negative current collector | 150 |
| Internal short-circuit trigger element | 200 |
| Deformations | 210 |
| Most advanced and sophisticated | 212 |
| Supporting part | 220 |
| Heater | 300 |
Following detailed description of the invention will further illustrate the utility model in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
One battery internal short-circuit of the present invention test device is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model first embodiment provides a kind of battery internal short-circuit test device 10, including battery 100, is arranged at least one internal short-circuit trigger element 200 within this battery 100, and is arranged at this heater 300 outside battery 100.This battery 100 includes barrier film 130, and this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is laminated structure, and including supporting part 220 and multiple deformations 210, the plurality of deformations 210 is structure as a whole with this supporting part.The plurality of deformations 210 is symmetrically set relative to this supporting part 220.Each deformations 210 has at least one tip 212.This heater 300 is correspondingly arranged with this internal short-circuit trigger element 200, and this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 can be heated to the triggering temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200.When the temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is equal to or higher than this triggering temperature, this deformations 210 deforms upon to the direction of this barrier film 130 and makes this tip 212 to be pierced through by this barrier film 130, thus causing this battery 100 internal short-circuit, this supporting part 220 does not deforms upon.The plurality of deformations 210 is arranged on around this supporting part 220, and be symmetrical arranged, it is however preferred to have identical shape, make this supporting part 220 uniform force, in this battery 100, holding position is fixed, and provides support force when piercing through this barrier film 130 in deformation process for this deformations 210.
This heater 300 can locally heat this battery 100, the most only makes this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 position heat, and prevents the overall intensification of battery 100, reduces the impact on battery 100 overall performance.This heater 300 can be laser instrument, microwave emitter or RF transmitter, transmits energy to this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 orientation and makes the temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 be increased to this triggering temperature, thus causes the deformation of this deformations 210.This heater 200 arrange position can only with the deformations 310 of this deformation element 300 when not being triggered in the position of described battery 100 on the stacked direction of described battery 100 all parts overlapping, thus reduce the impact on described battery 100 overall performance further.
In one embodiment, this heater 300 is laser instrument, this laser output power is controlled, and the focal position of this laser instrument can be changed by the outgoing mirror group regulating this laser instrument, thus change and be radiated at the spot size on battery 100 surface, the size i.e. changing described heating location is the most corresponding with the size of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200.
The polygon laminated structure that this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is formed in one, can be arranged in parallel with this barrier film 130.In the present embodiment, this barrier film 130 directly contacts with this barrier film 130 and stacking is arranged.This internal short-circuit trigger element 200 there is temperature memory effect, this deformations 210 can be made to deform upon in this triggering temperature.When this deformations 210 deforms upon, this deformations 210 has the side at this tip 212 and is curved to the direction of this barrier film 130, and makes this tip 212 be pierced through by this barrier film, thus causes this battery 100 that internal short-circuit occurs.This internal short-circuit trigger element 200 possesses can pierce through barrier film 130 or the intensity of other batteries 100 inner member.The length of this deformations 210 is more than the thickness of this barrier film 130.It is appreciated that, due to the thinner thickness of barrier film 130, the length of this deformations 210 can be less, such as 0.5mm ~ 1mm.
Referring to Fig. 2, in one embodiment, the supporting part 220 of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is rectangle.This deformations 210 is triangle, and quantity is 4, is separately positioned on the four edges of this supporting part 220 rectangle, and equal with the length of side of this rectangle with the limit that this supporting part 220 connects.The outside angle of this deformations 210 has this tip 212.Preferably, this supporting part 220 is square, and this deformations 210 is isosceles triangle or equilateral triangle.
Refer to Fig. 3, in another embodiment, 12 limit shapes symmetrical centered by the supporting part 220 of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200.This deformations 210 is triangle, and quantity is 4, is separately positioned in 12 limit shapes of this supporting part 220 on the four edges being centrosymmetric.The outside angle of this deformations 210 has this tip 212.Preferably, this deformations 210 is isosceles triangle or equilateral triangle.The outside angle of this deformations 210 is preferably acute angle, such as 30 °.
Referring to Fig. 4, in another embodiment, the supporting part 220 of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is rectangle, and this deformations 210 is right angled triangle, and quantity is 4, is separately positioned on four angles of this supporting part 220.The right angle of this deformations 210 is arranged on the angle of this supporting part 220, and a right-angle side of this deformations 210 aligns with a limit of this supporting part 220.
In one embodiment, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is memorial alloy, such as Ultimum Ti, and this memorial alloy has a transition temperature, i.e. this triggering temperature.Refer to Fig. 5, before being assembled to this battery 100, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is processed on this transition temperature when making battery 100 that internal short-circuit to occur, i.e. shape after this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 deformation, then under this transition temperature, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is processed as shape when not being triggered inside this battery 100, as shown in Figure 5 a.When the temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 reaches above-mentioned transition temperature, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 deforms upon to pierce through barrier film 130 and makes this battery 100 that internal short-circuit to occur, as shown in Figure 5 b, this transition temperature is the triggering temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200.Owing to the quantity of this deformations 210 is multiple, when deforming upon, have multiple most advanced and sophisticated 212 to deform upon simultaneously, in multiple positions, this barrier film 130 is pierced through.
This triggering temperature can higher than this battery 100 normally use temperature, fusing point less than this barrier film 130, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is made not interfere with the normal use of this battery 100 when not being triggered, and when being triggered, this barrier film 130 will not melt, and is only controlled this battery 100 by the deformation of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 and internal short-circuit occurs.Preferably, this triggering temperature is 55 DEG C to 170 DEG C.The normal use of this battery 100 refers to that this battery 100 the most deliberately carries out the routine use state under heated condition in the product such as electric automobile, mobile phone digital.
The quantity of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 can be one, and this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 may be provided at the diverse location in this battery 100 to realize the internal short-circuit of diverse location.The quantity of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is the most multiple, and the plurality of internal short-circuit trigger element 200 may be provided at the diverse location in this battery 100, makes this battery 100 cause internal short-circuit in multiple positions simultaneously.
This battery 100 includes plus plate current-collecting body 110, positive electrode material layer 120, barrier film 130, negative electrode material layer 140 and negative current collector 150.This positive electrode material layer 120 is arranged on this plus plate current-collecting body 110 surface.This negative electrode material layer 140 is arranged on this negative current collector 150 surface.This positive electrode material layer 120 is spaced by this barrier film 130 and this negative electrode material layer 140 and arranges.This plus plate current-collecting body 110, positive electrode material layer 120, barrier film 130, negative electrode material layer 140 and negative current collector 150 are cascading.This battery 100 can farther include electrolyte or electrolyte (not shown), is arranged between this positive electrode material layer 120 and this negative electrode material layer 140.This battery 100 can farther include an encapsulating structure (not shown), and this encapsulating structure is by accommodating wherein to this plus plate current-collecting body 110, positive electrode material layer 120, barrier film 130, negative electrode material layer 140 and negative current collector 150.This battery 100 can be Stackable batteries or coiled battery.
This internal short-circuit trigger element 200 may be provided in this positive electrode material layer 120, in this negative electrode material layer 140, between this positive electrode material layer 120 and this plus plate current-collecting body 110, between this positive electrode material layer 120 and this barrier film 130, between this negative electrode material layer 140 and this negative current collector 150 or between this negative electrode material layer 140 and this barrier film 130.
Referring to Fig. 6, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is heated to triggering temperature by this heater 300, and the side making this deformations 210 have this tip 212 bends to the direction of this barrier film 130, thus directly this barrier film 130 is pierced through initiation internal short-circuit.In the present embodiment, only this barrier film 130 is pierced through when this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 deforms upon, thus cause the internal short-circuit of positive electrode-negative material type.When only needing the internal short-circuit causing positive electrode-negative material type, the deformations 210 of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 both can be insulation can also be conduction, can be such as by the Memory Alloy metal sheet of wrapped with insulation, as long as positive and negative pole material can be made to contact when piercing through barrier film 130.
Refer to Fig. 7, in another embodiment, this deformations 210 size is bigger, can contact with the collector on opposite after triggering deformation, when this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is arranged between this negative electrode material layer 140 and barrier film, when this deformations 210 deforms upon, this barrier film 130 and this positive electrode material layer 120 are pierced through simultaneously, and contact with this plus plate current-collecting body 110, cause the internal short-circuit of negative material-plus plate current-collecting body type；When this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is arranged between this positive electrode material layer 120 and barrier film, when this deformations 210 deforms upon, this barrier film 130 and this negative electrode material layer 140 are pierced through simultaneously, and contact with this negative current collector 150, cause the internal short-circuit of positive electrode-negative current collector type.In this embodiment, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 entirety has electric conductivity.
Refer to Fig. 8, the utility model the second embodiment provides a kind of battery internal short-circuit test device 10, structure is essentially identical with first embodiment, difference is only arranged between this negative current collector 150 and this negative electrode material layer 140 at this internal short-circuit trigger element 200, or is arranged between this plus plate current-collecting body 110 and this positive electrode material layer 120.
Refer to Fig. 9, for example, when internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is arranged between this negative current collector 150 and this negative electrode material layer 140, this this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 makes the plurality of deformations 210 have the side at this tip 212 to bend to the direction of this barrier film 130 when deforming upon, and is pierced through with this barrier film 130 by this negative electrode material layer 140 simultaneously thus cause internal short-circuit.The length of this deformations 210 is more than this barrier film 130 and the thickness sum of this negative electrode material layer 140, and less than this barrier film 130, this positive electrode material layer 120 and the thickness sum of this negative electrode material layer 140.This internal short-circuit trigger element 200 entirety can have electric conductivity.Only this negative electrode material layer 140 is pierced through with this barrier film 130 when this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 deforms upon simultaneously, thus cause the internal short-circuit of positive electrode-negative current collector type.
Referring to Figure 10, in another embodiment, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 entirety can have electric conductivity.The length of this deformations 210 is equal to or more than this barrier film 130, this positive electrode material layer 120 and the thickness sum of this negative electrode material layer 140.When this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 deforms upon, this negative electrode material layer 140, this barrier film 130, this positive electrode material layer 120 are pierced through simultaneously, and contact with this plus plate current-collecting body 110, thus cause the internal short-circuit of plus plate current-collecting body-negative current collector type.
Similar to the abovely, this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 may be provided between this plus plate current-collecting body 110 and this positive electrode material layer 120, causes plus plate current-collecting body-negative material type or the internal short-circuit of plus plate current-collecting body-negative current collector type.
As long as this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 makes this tip be pierced through by this barrier film 130, the area of therefore required internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is the least, much smaller than the gross area of this battery diaphragm 130, so that original performance of this battery is unaffected when this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is not triggered.In one embodiment, the area of this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is less than the 1% of this barrier film 130 gross area.
Refer to Figure 11, when this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 is bigger, or during in tape forms, distance between the plurality of deformations 210 can be farther out, it is 10mm ~ 100mm between the most adjacent deformations 210, so that single heater 300, the hot spot formed on battery 100 surface such as laser instrument is difficult to cover the plurality of deformations 210 simultaneously.In the third embodiment, this battery internal short-circuit test device 10 can include multiple heater 300, and the multiple deformations 210 with this internal short-circuit trigger element 200 are correspondingly arranged respectively, is heated to the plurality of deformations 210 respectively triggering temperature.
Diverse location, different initial stage scale are different with the order of severity with the expansion rate of different types of battery internal short-circuit.The material of this internal short-circuit trigger element, shape, dimensional parameters, deformation quantity and electrical conductivity can be designed, and this internal short-circuit trigger element position that arranges in the battery is designed, thus realizing diverse location, different initial stage scales and different types of battery internal short-circuit, this be that security performance assessing when cell safety Study on Problems and battery design, contrast provide one internal short-circuit triggering mode reliable, efficient.This test device and triggering method are for the research in battery internal short-circuit field, and the security performance assessing in battery design research and development and performance comparison has key effect.
It addition, those skilled in the art also can do other changes in the utility model spirit, certainly, these are according to the utility model changes of being done of spirit, all should be included in the utility model claimed within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a battery internal short-circuit test device, including battery, this battery includes barrier film, it is characterised in that farther includes to be arranged at the internal short-circuit trigger element of this inside battery, and is arranged at the heater of this outside batteries；This internal short-circuit trigger element is laminated structure, and including supporting part and multiple deformations, the plurality of deformations is structure as a whole with this supporting part, and the plurality of deformations is symmetrically set relative to this supporting part, and this deformations has tip；This heater is correspondingly arranged with this internal short-circuit trigger element, and this internal short-circuit trigger element can be heated to the triggering temperature of this internal short-circuit trigger element, make this deformations deform upon and make this tip to be pierced through by this barrier film to the direction of this barrier film, thus cause this battery internal short-circuit.
2. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of deformations is arranged on around this supporting part, and the plurality of deformations is of similar shape.
3. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, the supporting part of this internal short-circuit trigger element is rectangle, this deformations is triangle, quantity is 4, is separately positioned on the four edges of this supporting part rectangle, and equal with the length of side of this rectangle with the limit that this supporting part connects.
4. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that it is characterized in that, 12 limit shapes symmetrical centered by the supporting part of this internal short-circuit trigger element, this deformations is triangle, and quantity is 4, is separately positioned in 12 limit shapes of this supporting part on the four edges being centrosymmetric.
5. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the supporting part of this internal short-circuit trigger element is rectangle, this deformations is right angled triangle, quantity is 4, the right angle of this deformations is arranged on the angle of this supporting part, and a right-angle side of this deformations aligns with a limit of this supporting part.
6. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this heater only makes this internal short-circuit trigger element position heating in this battery.
7. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this heater is laser instrument, microwave emitter or RF transmitter.
8. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged with this membrane contacts stacking, and the length of this deformations is more than the thickness of this barrier film.
9. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, this battery farther includes positive electrode material layer and the negative electrode material layer separated by this barrier film, this internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged between this positive electrode material layer and this barrier film, and the length of this deformations is more than or equal to this barrier film and the thickness sum of this negative electrode material layer；Or this internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged between the negative electrode material layer of this battery and this barrier film, the length of this deformations is more than or equal to this barrier film and the thickness sum of this positive electrode material layer.
10. battery internal short-circuit test device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this battery farther includes plus plate current-collecting body, the positive electrode material layer being arranged on this plus plate current-collecting body, negative current collector and the negative electrode material layer being arranged on this negative current collector, this positive electrode material layer is separated by this barrier film with this negative electrode material layer, this internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged between this negative electrode material layer and this negative current collector, and the length of this deformations is more than this barrier film and the thickness sum of this negative electrode material layer；Or this internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged between this positive electrode material layer and this plus plate current-collecting body, the length of this deformations is more than this barrier film and the thickness sum of this positive electrode material layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620079854.8U CN205539296U (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | Short circuit testing arrangement in battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620079854.8U CN205539296U (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | Short circuit testing arrangement in battery |
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| CN205539296U true CN205539296U (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN201620079854.8U Active CN205539296U (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | Short circuit testing arrangement in battery |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108828384A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-11-16 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of simulator and analogy method of battery internal short-circuit |
| CN109585975A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 清华大学 | A kind of battery and its internal short-circuit triggering method |
-
2016
- 2016-01-27 CN CN201620079854.8U patent/CN205539296U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108828384A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-11-16 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of simulator and analogy method of battery internal short-circuit |
| CN108828384B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2023-12-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Simulation device and simulation method for internal short circuit of battery |
| CN109585975A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 清华大学 | A kind of battery and its internal short-circuit triggering method |
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