CN205501223U - Chilling ring who uses in gasifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a chilling ring who uses in gasifier, downtake (1) including welded connection, water conservancy diversion outer loop (4) and water conservancy diversion inner ring (8), be equipped with spiral case water conservancy diversion room (6) in water conservancy diversion inner ring (8), it swashs cooling water inlet (10) to set up in the bottom of water conservancy diversion inner ring (8), downtake (1) forms with water conservancy diversion outer loop (4) and swashs cooling water outlet (3), spiral case water conservancy diversion room (6) links to each other through interannular water conservancy diversion hole (5) with sharp cooling water outlet (3), quench water gets into spiral case water conservancy diversion room (6) through swashing cooling water inlet (10), get into downtake (1) from swashing cooling water outlet (3) outflow uniformly through spiral case water conservancy diversion room (6) water conservancy diversion. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses effectively solve traditional slag -tap chilling ring wall and corrode, downtake wall slagging scorification scheduling problem, the spiral case formula of proposition flows the mechanism has very big improvement effect to the evenly distributed that quench water effluented.

Description

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of gasifier module, especially relates to a kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace, With scroll casing type flow-guiding structure, it is especially suitable for China height ash (25～27%), high ash melting point (FT > 1400 DEG C) " double high " Two sections of dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gasification furnaces of oxygen supply of coal use.

Background technology

Coal gasification be extensive pressurized entrained-bed Coal Gasification Technology be the important composition of China's clean coal technology Part, be efficiently, one of the main path of clean utilization coal.Gasification furnace is extensive forced air bed coal-gasification The key equipment of technology, chilling ring is then to determine gasifier operation performance and the core component in life-span.At gasification furnace The effect of the chilling ring of middle use is to be evenly distributed on the inner surface of down-comer chilled water, and forms one layer of water Thin film and synthesis gas and flow and under, isolation high-temperature synthesis gas directly contacts with down-comer, protects down-comer from high temperature And deform.

Existing forced air bed gasification technology major part uses slag tap mode, has the grey melt temperature of as-fired coal Strict requirements.The higher chemism that the coal that slag tap technological requirement participates in reacting has (is reduced with CO2 Rate represents), typically require coal ash melting temperature FT less than less than 1400 DEG C, the most highly active brown coal are Can be suitable for.And China's steam coal has high ash (average ash content reaches 25～27%), " double high " of high ash melting point Feature, it is impossible to meet the existing slag tap type forced air bed gasification technology with Shell and Texaco as representative Deslagging technological requirement.Therefore, it is necessary to exploitation is for the entrained flow gasification gasification furnace solid-state row of China's high-ash-fusion coal Slag Quench technology.

The problems such as the chilling ring wall that also can cause because of slag tap technique corrodes, down-comer wall slagging scorification, liquid is arranged The disabled status such as slag Quench technology exists the Quench water yield at running and declines, chilling ring leakage dross, to gasification furnace The Quench performance of system and service life produce strong influence.Use dry ash extraction technology can be prevented effectively from so Some problems, but in the chilling ring technique used in gasification furnace both domestic and external, for the Quench of dry ash extraction technology Ring technique the deficientest, the chilling ring device being required for gasification furnace dry ash extraction technology carries out targeted design.

Owing to dry ash extraction process can produce physical impact to chilling ring and down-comer, moisture film in down-comer is stablized The requirement of property is higher.And the mentality of designing office of traditional chilling ring device used in gasification furnace is limited to greatly wait cut Face structure, simply equal cross section inside configuration carries out small size amendment, the most fundamentally grasps chilled water and is leading The failure mechanism produced because uiform section flow field arranges in stream mechanism so that chilling ring water outlet is in the effect of down-comer film forming Fruit is the best.And uiform section area flow field is not only it is difficult to ensure that chilled water water outlet flow is formed uniformly moisture film to decline Pipe is protected, also can be because of the cavitation and cavitation erosion of ring flow field to chilling ring self, and the phenomenon such as erosion corrosion causes inefficacy, Reduce chilling ring service life.

Utility model content

Defect that the purpose of this utility model is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and provide a kind of and be suitable for me State height ash (25～27%), two sections of dry slag removal pressurized gas flow beds of oxygen supply of high ash melting point (FT > 1400 DEG C) " double high " coal The chilling ring of gasification furnace.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace, including the down-comer being welded to connect, water conservancy diversion outer shroud and water conservancy diversion internal ring,

It is provided with spiral case diversion chamber in described water conservancy diversion internal ring, chilled water import, water conservancy diversion are set in the bottom of water conservancy diversion internal ring Arrange mounting flange outside internal ring to fix with gasification body of heater,

Described down-comer and water conservancy diversion outer shroud form chilled water outlet, and spiral case diversion chamber passes through interannular with chilled water outlet Pod apertures is connected,

Chilled water enters spiral case diversion chamber by chilled water import, and through spiral case diversion chamber, water conservancy diversion goes out from chilled water equably Mouth exits into down-comer.

Described spiral case diversion chamber is the helical form worm frame that internal diameter is gradually increased from inside to outside, and the cornerite of spiral case is 270°-360°。

The inwall of described down-comer is welded with outlet guide chute.

Described outlet guide chute be the drift angle on zigzag structure, with vertical direction be 20 °-70 °.

Described water conservancy diversion outer shroud outer wall is welded with slag blocking ring.

Described slag blocking ring is provided with 3-30 row, and often row can arrange 20-50, is evenly arranged in the sidewall of water conservancy diversion outer shroud On.

Described slag blocking ring is built-in with refractory material.

Drift angle between this described interannular pod apertures and spiral case diversion chamber radial direction is 20 °-70 °.

Described chilled water import is welded to connect in the bottom of water conservancy diversion internal ring.

Described chilled water import department connects inlet pipeline, and the angle of this pipeline tilting section and vertical direction is 20 °- 70°。

Compared with prior art, this utility model has the advantage that

(1) owing to being disposed with pushing off the slag annular groove at water conservancy diversion outer shroud outer wall, the solid-state dropped from slag-drip opening can effectively be prevented Chilling ring is caused direct impulsive force by lime-ash, reduces the probability that chilling ring lost efficacy because of wall deformation, be full of cracks generation. And slag blocking ring is embedded with refractory material, can effectively reduce because of Temperature difference and the thermal stress that produces inside and outside chilling ring.Gear Slag ring plays the cushioning effect to high temperature corrosion, and the sulfide that the buffer strip of formation can avoid burning to produce is straight with wall Contact, it is also possible to be greatly reduced sulfide and air and the water being attached to chilling ring surface when gasification furnace open circuit stops The many sulfuric acid corrosions produced.

(2) the scroll casing type deflector used, the section of spiral case is gradually reduced, it is ensured that export to chilled water Uniformly supply water.Scroll casing type deflector can reduce the negative pressuren zone that chilling ring guiding device causes because of water distribution inequality Area, evades the cavitation and cavitation erosion phenomenon produced in tradition chilling ring technique because section is constant.Scroll casing type flow-guiding structure A necessary circular rector can be formed before interannular pod apertures, it is to avoid chilled water directly impacts chilling ring wall, reduce Because of the erosion corrosion between metal surface and corrosive fluids.

(3) chilling ring uses single entry design scheme, compares traditional chilling ring used in gasification furnace many For the structure of individual entrance, the design of single entrance not only facilitates the layout of chilled water system, saves gasification furnace space, And greatly reduce the probability that chilling ring lost efficacy because of local stoppages and high-velocity flow erosion because of porch, thus save About installation and maintenance costs, extend the service life of chilling ring.And the space that list entrance is saved out is also in the future In stove, interpolation and the transformation of equipment leave leeway.

(4) the zigzag outlet guide chute design of chilled water outlet has positive role to down-comer study of water film distribution. The great reason that tradition chilling ring lost efficacy is that down-comer study of water film distribution is uneven, thus causes down-comer to occur The situation of hot-spot, forms thermal stress and causes down-comer to lose efficacy.And the uniform water film formed through outlet guide chute Effectively stove inner acidic gas can also be isolated with down-comer, it is to avoid because sour gas is combined the acid generated with moisture Down-comer is caused the chilling ring failure conditions of corrosion.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed；

Fig. 2 is rip cutting sectional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 is crosscutting plan structure schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 4 is plan structure schematic diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of chilled water import department；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of slag blocking ring；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of outlet guide chute.

In figure, 1-1 gasification furnace coal supply entrance, 1-2 gasification reactor chamber, 1-3 slag-drip opening, 1-4 chilling ring, 1-5 shock chamber, 1-6 locks slag ladle, 1 down-comer, 2 outlet guide chutes, and 3 chilled water export, 4 water conservancy diversion outer shrouds, 5 interannular pod apertures, 6 spiral case diversion chamber, 7 slag blocking rings, 8 water conservancy diversion internal ring, 9 mounting flanges, 10 chilled water Import, 11 suction flanges.

Detailed description of the invention

With specific embodiment, this utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

The structure of gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed is as it is shown in figure 1, critical piece comprises material inlet 1-1, reative cell 1- 2, slag-drip opening 1-3, chilling ring 1-4, Quench hydroecium 1-5, slag-drip opening 1-6 etc..For China's coal, there is high ash The feature of " double high " of (average ash content reaches 25～27%), high ash melting point, carries out the design of dry ash extraction technology. The coal dust or the coal slurry that wherein participate in reaction feed entrance reative cell 1-2 from top feed import 1-1, at reative cell 1- Carbonaceous material generation part Oxidation in 2, generates effective product syngas and enters Quench hydroecium 1-by down-comer 5, the lime-ash generated in course of reaction then by slag-drip opening 1-3, enters Quench hydroecium from chilling ring, finally from row Cinder notch is discharged.Chilling ring provides chilled water for down-comer in the process, is it while reducing down-comer temperature Surface provides stable moisture film, it is ensured that its physicochemical properties steady.

Being exactly the chilling ring 1-4 of gasification furnace use disclosed in the present embodiment, its primary structure is as in figure 2 it is shown, it is tied Structure is mainly hollow ring body structure, uses the overall identical axis of gasification furnace, by Flange joint and gasification body of heater Fixing.Wherein down-comer 1, water conservancy diversion outer shroud 4, Inner guide ring 8, chilled water import 10 are by being welded to connect, and lead Arrange mounting flange 9 outside stream internal ring 8 to fix with gasification body of heater.Water conservancy diversion internal ring 8 comprises spiral case diversion chamber 6, Arranging chilled water import bottom water conservancy diversion internal ring 8, down-comer 1 and water conservancy diversion outer shroud 4 form chilled water outlet 3, spiral case Diversion chamber 6 is connected by chilled water interannular pod apertures 5 with chilled water outlet 3.Chilled water passes through chilled water import Enter spiral case diversion chamber 6, through spiral case diversion chamber 6 worm frame guide functions equably from chilled water outlet flow out Enter down-comer.Chilled water flow velocity in ring is 0.5m/s-50m/s.

For ensureing that chilled water forms uniform water film to down-comer, the cornerite β of the spiral case diversion chamber 6 of employing changes model Enclosing is 270 °-360 °, and as preferred technical scheme, in the present embodiment, this angle is 320 °, as shown in Figure 4. For the circular rector effect coordinating spiral case guiding device that chilled water is formed, it is achieved spiral case water guide room 6 exports 3 with chilled water Uniform water guide process, export in spiral case diversion chamber 6 and chilled water, between 3, interannular pod apertures 5 be set, such as Fig. 3 Shown in, between interannular pod apertures 5 and spiral case radial direction, drift angle γ is 20 °-70 °, as preferred technical scheme, this In embodiment, this angle is 30 °.

This device uses single entry design technique, and chilled water import 10 is by being welded to connect at water conservancy diversion internal ring 8 end Portion, pipeline is passed through spiral case diversion chamber 6 and forms UNICOM, as shown in Figure 4.Chilled water import 10 arranges suction flange 11 are connected with pipe fitting, porch thickness of pipe wall 1mm-4mm.The drift angle of the deviated section on inlet duct and vertical direction δ is 20 °-70 °, as shown in Figure 5.

Outer wall at water conservancy diversion outer shroud 4 arranges slag blocking ring 7, such that it is able to prevent the solid-state lime-ash pair dropped from slag-drip opening Chilling ring causes directly impact, and reduces thermal stress and the sour corrosion of chilling ring device.The physical dimension of slag blocking ring As shown in Figure 6, each pushing off the slag unit is made up of cannelure, is internally embedded refractory material, at water conservancy diversion outer shroud wall etc. Away from arranging 3-30 row.

This utility model is disposed with on zigzag outlet guide chute 2, sawtooth and vertical direction in chilling ring outlet Drift angle α is 20 °-70 °, and as preferred technical scheme, in the present embodiment, this angle is 20 °, as it is shown in fig. 7, Coordinate spiral case diversion chamber that chilled water can more uniformly be flowed out from chilled water outlet, thus promote chilled water and exist Filming performance in down-comer.

Embodiment 2

Disclosed in the present application is to be suitable for China height ash (25～27%), high ash melting point (FT > 1400 DEG C) " double high " coal The chilling ring of two sections of dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gasification furnaces of oxygen supply.The advantage of gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed dry ash extraction As follows with the information of scroll casing type diversion mechanism structure and advantage.

1, gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed dry ash extraction:

The lime-ash of slag tap type gasification furnace all with fused solution state enter shock chamber, therefore, it is impossible to install with Heat in synthesis gas and lime-ash is recycled by membrane wall radiation waste pot.On the one hand, take out of from vaporizer Most of heat be distributed in the slag of bulk, this partial heat be difficult within the of short duration time effectively absorb and Directly discharge.On the other hand, if down-comer diameter is too big, the heat transfer effect of radiation waste pot will be substantially reduced and throw Money cost is greatly improved；If in order to ensure heat transfer effect, corresponding reduction down-comer diameter, not only will face wall The problem of serious Slagging, and synthesizer heat exchange efficiency will be substantially reduced because of a large amount of slagging scorification behaviors.And deslagging There is not this problem in forced air bed technique, ash solid impurity particle all enters shock chamber with dry ash form, and membrane type wall is not Slagging scorification contamination problems can be there is.Therefore, vaporizer afterbody height temperature rough gas and ash fines solid impurity particle (about 1300 DEG C) Directly entered cooling chamber (not carrying out Quench cooling) by synthesis gas cooling chamber entrance, with the second scrubber cooler cylinder Stably there is radiant heat transfer, convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and conduction of heat behavior in shape fin panel casing, substantially accounts for leading at radiant heat transfer Under the effect of status, the sensible heat containing high temperature rough gas and ash fines solid impurity particle recycles in a large number.This is also It is a distinguishing feature and the advantage of two sections of dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gasification furnaces of oxygen supply.

At present, the fuel that domestic and international mass air stream bed gasification technology uses is low ash smelting point chemical industry coal (requirement Coal ash melting temperature FT is less than 1400 DEG C).China is suitable to the low ash smelting point chemical industry of mass air stream bed gasification and uses Coal amount of storage is less than 35%, and in the period that current chemical industry coal is in short supply, coal chemical industry enterprises year consumes chemical industry coal about 2 About hundred million tons, therefore, along with socioeconomic development, the demand of chemical industry coal is continuously increased therewith, supply and demand lance Shield will constantly aggravate, and affect enterprise development.My unit is practical for China's coal storage level more than 65% high-ash-fusion coal The novel dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gasification furnace of two ends oxygen supply can effectively solve the chemical industry coal that coal chemical industry enterprises faces Problem in short supply, it is achieved the sound development of China's coal chemical industry.

As a example by the Xin Sheng Coal Chemical Industry company limited of Guizhou: Guizhou Province of China possesses the resource reserve arrangement whole nation the 5th, is The resource reserve summation of 12 provinces (city, autonomous region) in south, is the abundantest provinces and regions of southern china coal resources, The area containing coal accounts for the gross area more than 40%, has 74 producing coals in 86 counties (city), have " south of the River coal sea " it Claim.Ature of coal situation is preferable, but due to coal ash fusion temperature the highest (high-ash-fusion coal proportion more than 90% with On), it is impossible to meet the requirement to coal ash fusion point of the existing high efficiency liquid Slagoff type pressurized entrained-bed gasifying process, expensive The a large amount of chemical enterprise based on coal gasification in area, state, can only be by adding flux, improving gasification in order to run Temperature or spend high cost purchase from the ground such as Yunnan, Shaanxi fortune low ash smelting point chemical industry coal carry out entrained flow gasification, Or use the relatively low fixed bed of gasification efficiency, fluidized bed gasifying process, significantly reduce enterprise competitiveness and Economy, is lost the advantage in producing coal area.Transformed by two sections of oxygen supply dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gasification technologies, Xin Sheng Coal Chemical Industry company limited uses six dish water this locality coal resources to carry out two sections of oxygen supply dry slag removal pressurized gas flow bed gas Change, can fundamentally solve coal supply and existing slag tap type forced air bed gasification technology to use high ash molten The difficult problems such as the deslagging difficulty faced during point coal, reduce gasification operating cost to a great extent (according to existing annual output 3 set 750t/d scale gasification devices of 300000 tons of methanol scales, save coal and cost of transportation 2 in conservative estimation year Hundred million yuan), it is greatly enhanced the economy of enterprise.Additionally, can carry out in Guizhou province or even the whole country further Promote, transfer energy resources advantage to economic advantages, advantages for development, have the heaviest to promoting China's economic development The commercial Application meaning wanted.

2, scroll casing type water distributor

The profile of spiral case flume is like Crusta Limax, admittedly be generally called spiral case, for ensureing that water distributor uniformly supplies water and right Fluid working substance forms necessary circular rector and forms the structure that is gradually reduced from import.Its principle is that the current in spiral case have Significantly tangential-velocity component, if scheme point and to put component velocity be V_u, this point is radius with the distance at hydraulic turbine center R, then velocity moment is V_ur.Owing to the flowing in spiral case is axial symmetry potential flow ideally, Gu velocity moment is constant, I.e.

V_uR=k=const

Through the water movement situation in spiral case is analyzed, it is assumed that profile height is equal, stream function is used to derive Show that streamline equation is

$r={\mathrm{Be}}^{\frac{-Q}{\mathrm{\Δ}}}$

Wherein, Δ is strength of vortex, and Q is working medium flow, and B is spiral case constant.

In short, worm frame is based on current tangential-velocity component, it is that constant is carried out it is assumed that combine according to velocity moment Flow in spiral case the whirlpool of center, the common planar flow flowing mode induced that converges.Its geometry shows as Archimedes spiral Equation, and equiangular spiral equation.

Spiral case flume profile is like Crusta Limax, admittedly be generally called spiral case.Guarantee is caused uniformly to supply water to water distributor, The circular rector that can form necessity in flow field has alleviated the advantage such as working strength of water distributor, be widely used in water conservancy, The field such as water pump and turbomachine.And in the chilling ring technique used in gasification furnace, the most still found this type of Mechanism applies.

The material of spiral case can be varied, has the mechanisms such as metal spiral case, concrete spiral casing.And at commercial plant In, main that use or metal spiral case, its manufacture mainly has welding, cast welding and casting three types. And the size of metal spiral case main with head and size (in the chilling ring technique of use in gasification furnace, head master To there is provided for Quench water pump) in close relations.The working head of metal spiral case is higher, bears bigger internal water pressure.

The direction that current gradually expand along volute passage in spiral case rotates, closer to volute outlet, channel cross-sectional area The biggest.After liquid flows out with high speed from guiding device, when flowing through volute passage, flow velocity will be gradually lowered, and decrease energy Amount loss, makes part kinetic energy be effectively converted to static energy.

Claims (10)

1. the chilling ring used in gasification furnace, it is characterised in that this chilling ring includes down-comer (1), water conservancy diversion outer shroud (4) and the water conservancy diversion internal ring (8) being welded to connect,

It is provided with spiral case diversion chamber (6) in described water conservancy diversion internal ring (8), chilled water import (10) is set in the bottom of water conservancy diversion internal ring (8),

Described down-comer (1) and water conservancy diversion outer shroud (4) form chilled water outlet (3), and spiral case diversion chamber (6) is connected by interannular pod apertures (5) with chilled water outlet (3),

Chilled water enters spiral case diversion chamber (6) by chilled water import (10), exits into down-comer (1) from chilled water outlet (3) equably through spiral case diversion chamber (6) water conservancy diversion.

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described spiral case diversion chamber (6) is the helical form worm frame that internal diameter is gradually increased from inside to outside, and the cornerite of spiral case is 270 °-360 °.

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inwall of described down-comer (1) is welded with outlet guide chute (2).

The most according to claim 3 a kind of in gasification furnace use chilling ring, it is characterised in that described outlet guide chute (2) be the drift angle on zigzag structure, with vertical direction be 20 °-70 °.

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water conservancy diversion outer shroud (4) outer wall is welded with slag blocking ring (7).

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described slag blocking ring (7) is provided with 3-30 row, is evenly arranged on the sidewall of water conservancy diversion outer shroud (4).

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described slag blocking ring (7) is built-in with refractory material.

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drift angle between described interannular pod apertures (5) and spiral case diversion chamber (6) radial direction is 20 °-70 °.

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described chilled water import (10) is welded to connect the bottom in water conservancy diversion internal ring (8).

A kind of chilling ring used in gasification furnace the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described chilled water import (10) place connects inlet pipeline, and this pipeline tilting section is 20 °-70 ° with the angle of vertical direction.