CN205490142U - Switched inductor boost converter - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及非隔离型直流-直流变换器，特别是一种开关电感Boost变换器。The utility model relates to a non-isolated DC-DC converter, in particular to a switching inductance Boost converter.
背景技术Background technique
常规的BOOST变换器，包括一个功率开关管，一个Boost功率电感，一个整流二极管。开关功率管的漏极与Boost功率电感的一端及整流二极管的阳极相连，Boost功率电感的另一端接至输入电源的正极。A conventional BOOST converter includes a power switch tube, a Boost power inductor, and a rectifier diode. The drain of the switching power tube is connected to one end of the Boost power inductor and the anode of the rectifier diode, and the other end of the Boost power inductor is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply.
这种非隔离型直流-直流变换器输出电压增益较小，虽然可以通过设置更大的占空比来得到更高的输出电压，但Boost功率电感及电路中的其他寄生因素限制了输出电压的进一步提高。当其占空比增大至某个范围时，甚至会出现输出电压下降的情况。因此，常规Boost变换的占空比不能过大，这样才能得到输出电压与占空比的正比例线性关系。The output voltage gain of this non-isolated DC-DC converter is small. Although a higher output voltage can be obtained by setting a larger duty cycle, the Boost power inductor and other parasitic factors in the circuit limit the output voltage. Further improve. When its duty cycle increases to a certain range, the output voltage may even drop. Therefore, the duty cycle of the conventional Boost transformation cannot be too large, so that the proportional linear relationship between the output voltage and the duty cycle can be obtained.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是解决现有技术中BOOST变换器电压增益小，输入电流不够连续且输入电压利用率低，开关器件应力高等问题。提供能够较大的提高输出升压能力且输出电压稳定，输入电流连续且输入电压利用率高，开关器件的应力低的开关电感Boost变换器。The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems in the prior art that the voltage gain of the BOOST converter is small, the input current is not continuous enough, the utilization rate of the input voltage is low, and the stress of the switching device is high. The invention provides a switched inductance Boost converter capable of greatly improving the output voltage boosting capability, having stable output voltage, continuous input current, high utilization rate of input voltage, and low stress of switching devices.
本发明的技术方案为：Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种开关电感Boost变换器，接入直流输入电源Vin，包括功率开关管SW1，所述功率开关管SW1的源极接输入电源的负极，功率开关管SW1的漏极通过电感L1和二极管D3的负极接输入电源的正极；所述的功率开关管SW1漏极接整流二极管D4正极后，接电容Cf的一端，功率开关管SW1的源极接电容Cf的另一端；电容Cf两端接输出端口VO；A switched inductor Boost converter, connected to a DC input power supply Vin, including a power switch tube SW1, the source of the power switch tube SW1 is connected to the negative pole of the input power supply, and the drain of the power switch tube SW1 passes through the inductor L1 and the diode D3. The negative pole is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply; the drain of the power switch tube SW1 is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier diode D4, and then connected to one end of the capacitor Cf, and the source of the power switch tube SW1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor Cf; both ends of the capacitor Cf are connected to the output port VO;
所述的电感电路包括并联的L1电感支路和L2电感支路，L1电感支路和L2电感支路之间串接整流二极管D2；The inductance circuit includes a parallel L1 inductance branch and an L2 inductance branch, and a rectifier diode D2 is connected in series between the L1 inductance branch and the L2 inductance branch;
所述的L1电感支路包括整流二极管D1和电感L1，整流二极管D1的负极与电感L1一端连接；所述的L2电感支路包括整流二极管D3和电感L2，电感L2的一端在整流二极管D3的正极连接；The L1 inductance branch includes a rectifier diode D1 and an inductor L1, and the negative pole of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1; the L2 inductance branch includes a rectifier diode D3 and an inductor L2, and one end of the inductor L2 is connected to the rectifier diode D3. positive connection;
所述整流二极管D2的阴极接于整流二极管D1和电感L1之间，整流二极管D2的阳极接于整流二极管D3和电感L2之间。The cathode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected between the rectifier diode D1 and the inductor L1, and the anode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected between the rectifier diode D3 and the inductor L2.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1.本实用新型的开关电感Boost变换器不论是在连续导通模式(CCM)还是在断续导通模式(DCM)下都具有比传统Boost变换器更高的升压能力，并且这种优势随着直通占空比的增加会越来越明显；因此在工程实际中更加适用于太阳能光伏发电系统和燃料电池等低输出的电源。1. The switched inductor Boost converter of the present invention has a higher boosting capability than the traditional Boost converter no matter in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) or in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), and this advantage As the direct duty cycle increases, it will become more and more obvious; therefore, it is more suitable for low-output power sources such as solar photovoltaic power generation systems and fuel cells in engineering practice.
2.本实用新型开关电感Boost变换器可以通过软开关技术等控制策略来控制降低导通损耗，从而进一步提高工作效率。2. The switching inductor Boost converter of the present invention can control and reduce the conduction loss through control strategies such as soft switching technology, thereby further improving the working efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的电路图；Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the utility model;
图2是本实用新型功率开关管SW1导通时，本实用新型的等效电路；Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit of the utility model when the power switch tube SW1 of the utility model is turned on;
图3是本实用新型功率开关管SW1关断时，本实用新型的等效电路；Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit of the utility model when the power switch tube SW1 of the utility model is turned off;
图4是本实用新型连续工作模式下电感电流波形图；Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram of the inductor current under the continuous working mode of the utility model;
图5是本实用新型连续工作模式下电感输出电压波形图；Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the output voltage of the inductor under the continuous working mode of the utility model;
图6是本实用新型断续模式下电感L1的电流波形的波形图；Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of the current waveform of the inductor L1 under the discontinuous mode of the utility model;
图7是本实用新型断续模式下整流二极管D1的电流波形的波形图；Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of the current waveform of the rectifier diode D1 under the discontinuous mode of the present invention;
图8是本实用新型连续工作和断续工作模式的临界值Kcrit(D)的曲线图；Fig. 8 is a graph of the critical value Kcrit (D) of the utility model continuous operation and intermittent operation mode;
图9是本实用新型连续工作模式和断续工作模式的工作条件下的曲线图；Fig. 9 is a graph under the working conditions of the continuous working mode and the intermittent working mode of the utility model;
图10是本实用新型开关电感Boost变换器的电压变换比M(D)的曲线图。Fig. 10 is a graph of the voltage transformation ratio M(D) of the switched inductor Boost converter of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步的说明，如图1所示的一种开关电感Boost变换器，接入直流输入电源Vin，包括功率开关管SW1，所述功率开关管SW1的源极接输入电源的负极，功率开关管SW1的漏极通过电感L1和二极管D3的负极接输入电源的正极；所述的功率开关管SW1漏极接整流二极管D4正极后，接电容Cf的一端，功率开关管SW1的源极接电容Cf的另一端；电容Cf两端接输出端口VO；The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A switched inductance Boost converter as shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a DC input power supply Vin and includes a power switch tube SW1. The negative pole of the power switch tube SW1 is connected to the positive pole of the input power supply through the negative pole of the inductor L1 and the diode D3; after the drain of the power switch tube SW1 is connected to the positive pole of the rectifier diode D4, it is connected to one end of the capacitor Cf, and the power switch tube SW1 The source of the capacitor is connected to the other end of the capacitor Cf; both ends of the capacitor Cf are connected to the output port VO;
所述的电感电路包括并联的L1电感支路和L2电感支路，L1电感支路和L2电感支路之间串接整流二极管D2；The inductance circuit includes a parallel L1 inductance branch and an L2 inductance branch, and a rectifier diode D2 is connected in series between the L1 inductance branch and the L2 inductance branch;
所述的L1电感支路包括整流二极管D1和电感L1，整流二极管D1的负极与电感L1一端连接；所述的L2电感支路包括整流二极管D3和电感L2，电感L2的一端在整流二极管D3的正极连接；The L1 inductance branch includes a rectifier diode D1 and an inductor L1, and the negative pole of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1; the L2 inductance branch includes a rectifier diode D3 and an inductor L2, and one end of the inductor L2 is connected to the rectifier diode D3. positive connection;
所述整流二极管D2的阴极接于整流二极管D1和电感L1之间，整流二极管D2的阳极接于整流二极管D3和电感L2之间。The cathode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected between the rectifier diode D1 and the inductor L1, and the anode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected between the rectifier diode D3 and the inductor L2.
下面介绍本发明的工作过程和原理：Introduce working process and principle of the present invention below:
当功率开关管SW1导通时，整流二极管D1和D3导通，整流二极管D2和D4被迫截止，其等效电路如图2所示。此时，电感L1和L2并联充电，其电压值大小分别为： When the power switch SW1 is turned on, the rectifier diodes D1 and D3 are turned on, and the rectifier diodes D2 and D4 are forced to be cut off. The equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2 . At this time, the inductors L1 and L2 are charged in parallel, and their voltage values are:
当功率开关管SW1关断时，整流二极管D2和D4导通，整流二极管二极管D1和D3被迫截止，其等效电路如图3所示。此时，电感L1和L2串联放电，其电压值大小分别为：其中， When the power switch SW1 is turned off, the rectifier diodes D2 and D4 are turned on, and the rectifier diodes D1 and D3 are forced to be cut off. The equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 3 . At this time, the inductors L1 and L2 are discharged in series, and their voltage values are: in,
假设功率开关管SW1的开关周期为T，导通时间是T1，关断时间为T2，且T1+T2＝T，则本实用新型的直通占空比为由于电感L1和L2的电压在一个开关周期T时间内的平均值为0，可以得到其中G为开关电感Boost变换器的电压增益。Assuming that the switching cycle of the power switch SW1 is T, the turn-on time is T1, and the turn-off time is T2, and T 1 +T 2 =T, then the direct duty cycle of the utility model is Since the average value of the voltages of inductors L1 and L2 within a switching period T is 0, it can be obtained Among them, G is the voltage gain of the switched inductor Boost converter.
本实用新型的开关电感Boost变换器与传统Boost变换器的连续或断续导通模式的工作条件相似，其连续工作模式下的电感电流如图4所示，输出电压波形如图5所示；所有二极管的电流应力均是开关器件SW1电流应力的一半，相对比较小。所以二极管D1、D2和D3的导通损耗是比较小的，影响SIBC效率的主要原因在于开关器件SW1和二极管D4的导通损耗，其中开关器件SW1的损耗是二极管D4的2倍。由图4和图5可知电感L1和L2的电流纹波为；那么，输入电流纹波和输出电压纹波大小分别为：由方程式可以看出电感L1和L2的电流纹波相对是比较小，同时当给定了电感电流纹波和输出电压纹波时可以选择电感值大小和电容值大小。The switching inductor Boost converter of the present invention is similar to the working conditions of the continuous or discontinuous conduction mode of the traditional Boost converter. The inductor current in the continuous working mode is shown in Figure 4, and the output voltage waveform is shown in Figure 5; The current stress of all diodes is half of the current stress of the switching device SW1, which is relatively small. Therefore, the conduction loss of diodes D1, D2 and D3 is relatively small, and the main reason affecting the efficiency of SIBC is the conduction loss of switching device SW1 and diode D4, wherein the loss of switching device SW1 is twice that of diode D4. It can be seen from Figure 4 and Figure 5 that the current ripple of the inductors L1 and L2 is; Then, the input current ripple and output voltage ripple are respectively: It can be seen from the equation that the current ripples of the inductors L1 and L2 are relatively small, and at the same time, when the inductor current ripple and the output voltage ripple are given, the inductance value and the capacitance value can be selected.
由图6和图7可以得到，流过电感L1的峰值电流为：其中TS为一个开关周期，Vin为输入电压，电感L1的平均电流为流过二极管D1的平均电流值大小为：输入电流为当输入电感的电流纹波大于平均电流时，变换器就会进入断续状态。It can be obtained from Figure 6 and Figure 7 that the peak current flowing through the inductor L1 is: Where T S is a switching cycle, V in is the input voltage, and the average current of the inductor L1 is The average current value flowing through the diode D1 is: The input current is When the current ripple of the input inductor is greater than the average current, the converter will enter the discontinuous state.
与传统Boost变换器不同的是，本实用新型连续工作模式和断续工作模式的临界值Kcrit(D)是直通占空比D的不同函数，当输入电感的电流纹波大于平均电流时，变换器就会进入断续状态，即SIBC工作在DCM的满足条件为：ΔiL＞IL，由图9可以得到电感L1和L2的电流纹波为：其中L为电感值，Vin为输入电压，D为直通占空比，利用功率守恒原理可以分别得到输入电流大小和电感电流大小的表达式：其中R为负载电阻，则那么ΔiL＞IL可以变换为设Kcrit的曲线图如图8所示。当K＜Kcrit(D)时，变换器为断续工作模式，当K＞Kcrit(D)变换器为连续工作模式，其曲线图如图9所示，清晰的确立了连续导通模式和断续导通模式切换与开关电感取值关系。Different from the traditional Boost converter, the critical value Kcrit(D) of the utility model in the continuous working mode and the discontinuous working mode is a different function of the through-duty ratio D. When the current ripple of the input inductor is greater than the average current, the conversion The device will enter the discontinuous state, that is, the satisfying condition for SIBC to work in DCM is: Δi L > I L , and the current ripple of inductors L1 and L2 can be obtained from Figure 9: Where L is the inductance value, Vin is the input voltage, D is the direct duty cycle, Using the principle of power conservation, the expressions of the input current and the inductor current can be obtained respectively: where R is the load resistance, then Then Δi L > I L can be transformed into Assume The graph of K crit is shown in Fig.8. When K<K crit (D), the converter works in discontinuous mode, and when K>K crit (D) the converter works in continuous mode, the graph of which is shown in Figure 9, which clearly establishes the continuous conduction mode and the relationship between discontinuous conduction mode switching and the value of the switch inductance.
本实用新型开关电感Boost变换器的电压变换比M为：对于几个不同的K值，图10给分别出了他们特性曲线图，并且由图10可以看出，开关电感Boost变换器工作在断续工作模式时，K值越小，电压增益越大，并且大于连续工作模式时的电压增益。因此可以得出，K值的大小(即电感L、负载电阻R和开关周期TS的大小)会影响到变换器的工作模式，可以在电路设计中提供参考。同时由图10可以看出，断续工作模式部分的特性接近于线性，可以近似为：使本实用新型在控制方面占有很大优势。The voltage conversion ratio M of the switching inductance Boost converter of the present invention is: For several different K values, Figure 10 shows their characteristic curves, and it can be seen from Figure 10 that when the switched inductor Boost converter works in discontinuous mode, the smaller the K value, the greater the voltage gain. And greater than the voltage gain in continuous working mode. Therefore, it can be concluded that the value of K (that is, the size of the inductance L, the load resistance R and the switching period T S ) will affect the working mode of the converter, which can provide a reference in circuit design. At the same time, it can be seen from Figure 10 that the characteristics of the intermittent working mode part are close to linear, which can be approximated as: Make the utility model occupy great advantage aspect control.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105634275A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-01 | 西安工业大学 | Boost converter of switch inductor |
| CN109412451A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of electric power conversion apparatus |
| CN109412450A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of DC communication electric power conversion apparatus |
| CN116827126A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-09-29 | 广东工业大学 | A high-gain boost converter |
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2016
- 2016-03-23 CN CN201620226871.XU patent/CN205490142U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105634275A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-01 | 西安工业大学 | Boost converter of switch inductor |
| CN109412451A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of electric power conversion apparatus |
| CN109412450A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of DC communication electric power conversion apparatus |
| CN116827126A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-09-29 | 广东工业大学 | A high-gain boost converter |
| CN116827126B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-11-28 | 广东工业大学 | A high-gain boost converter |
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