A kind of multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of microorganism desalination field of fuel cell technology, particularly a kind of multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell.
Background technology
Microbiological fuel cell (Microbialfuelcell, MFC) is with microbiological oxidation Organic substance the device producing electric current, and its maximum advantage is can to synchronize to obtain electric energy processing waste water while, thus reducing the operating cost of wastewater treatment.Such as patent high efficiency microbial fuel cell (application number: 201180024710.2), adopting the outer electrogenesis antibacterial (antibacterial) of born of the same parents is anode, negative electrode and air contact.
Although in the past few years, the power density of MFC is from initial 11Wm-3Increase to 4000Wm-3, but because its output is low, the shortcoming that recovery electric energy is difficult to recycle limits its application in practice.Electric energy has been utilized by a kind of desalting technology (application number: 201310467063.3) utilizing microbiological fuel cell to drive capacitive deionization of patent by coupling capacitive deionization (CDI), namely in MFC anode chamber, the electrogenesis antibacterial of adhesive electrodes growth utilizes useless Organic substance in water to produce electric energy, by external circuit, the activated carbon electrodes that anode and two electrodes of negative electrode are connected to CDI device is realized desalination.But said method does not improve the efficiency of MFC, external capacitor device causes structure complicated simultaneously, also limit the application in its actual production.
Microorganism desalination fuel cell (microbialdesalinationcell, MDC) it is a novel desalination technology based on microbiological fuel cell (MFC), MDC is plus cation exchange membrane (CEM) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) between the anode chamber and cathode chamber of MFC, desalting chamber in the middle of forming one, under the effect without any impressed pressure and electric field, the electric field relying on bioelectrochemical system negative and positive interpolar promotes the removal of desalting chamber's saline solution ion, synchronize to reduce the internal resistance of negative and positive interpolar, thus improve the output of MFC.Although the rising of anode chamber's electrical conductivity of solution can improve desalting efficiency and production capacity to a certain extent, but the zwitterion of desalting chamber respectively enters anode chamber and cathode chamber, does not realize the elimination of truly salt ion.
What MDC faced another problem is that the anode chamber and the cathode chamber pH is unbalance, along with accumulation and the reduction of pH of anode chamber's anion, significantly limit the electricity generation ability of microorganism, and then affects desalting efficiency, affect the activity of electrogenesis bacterium simultaneously.MDC has been improved by patent one microorganism capacitive desalination fuel cell technology (application number: 201410824619.4), adopt the method that the anion exchange membrane adding two cation exchange membranes replacement prior aries in microorganism desalination fuel cell and a cation exchange membrane combine, and couple to come in separate anode chamber and cathode chamber by the capacitive deionization unit using active carbon cloth as electrode, make proton can pass through cation exchange membrane and active carbon cloth in anode chamber, desalting chamber, cathode chamber three freely shifts between Room, reach to stablize the effect of each room pH.When the adsorption capacity of electrode reaches capacity, allowing electric pole short circuit or applying reversed electric field, adsorbed ion come back to formation concentrated water drainage in water and walk, electrode is regenerated simultaneously.Although this method can overcome, the pH of MDC is unbalanced, can not realize the shortcomings such as original position process continuously, but due to the distance limit of two capacitor plates, cause that the volume of desalting chamber is restricted, reduce the treating capacity of saline solution, desalination speed is low simultaneously, and salt removal efficiency is poor.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is in that to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, and the method realizing this photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell.Namely in desalting chamber, add capacitance group, cathode-anode plate intersection placement straggly, by the increase and decrease of capacitor plate quantity and apart from the upper spatial volume adjusting coupling desalting chamber, improve desalination speed;Negative electrode coupling microalgae photobiological reactor, utilizes microalgae to discharge oxygen and replace traditional air cathode carrying out photosynthesis, the removal simultaneously for nitrogen phosphorus has good effect.
This utility model its technical problem of determining is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, it is characterized in that: include cathode chamber, anode chamber, desalting chamber and cell body, described cathode chamber, anode chamber and desalting chamber may be contained within cell body, carry out interval by anode film each other, and described desalting chamber is between cathode chamber and anode chamber;Described anode compartment adds the outer electrogenesis antibacterial of born of the same parents, and inserts anode electrode wherein;Described cathode chamber is internal to be added microalgae and inserts the cathode electrode scribbling catalyst coat;Described desalting chamber arranges one group of capacitance group being made up of capacitor plate, described capacitor plate is divided into positive capacitor plate and negative appearance capacitor plate, positive capacitor plate interts with negative capacitance pole plate to be placed, insulating barrier is placed between two adjacent capacitor plates, negative capacitance pole plate is connected with described anode electrode, and positive capacitor plate is connected with described cathode electrode;Described cathode chamber produces O2, anode chamber produces CO2, electronics and proton, described proton arrives described cathode chamber through described anode film, under the effect of catalyst, with the O of microalgae photosynthesis release2Electrochemical action is occurred to form steady oxide;
Reactive chemistry formula includes:
Anode: C6H12O6+6H2O→6CO2+24H++24e-(1)
Negative electrode: O2+4H++4e-→2H2O(2)。
Described anode electrode is made up of carbon fiber and titanium silk, and described cathode electrode covers the conduction carbon cloth smearing carboplatin catalyst.
Described capacitor plate is activated carbon measuring fiber capacitor plate.
The capacitance group surrounding of described desalting chamber leaves the proton produced in Neng Shi anode chamber and flows to the space participating in redox reaction in cathode chamber.
Described proton is H+。
The outer electrogenesis antibacterial of described born of the same parents is one or more in desulfovibrio class, proteus vulgaris, Rhodopseudomonas, fusobacterium, soil Bacillus, mud vibrio, west watt, sulfate reducting bacteria, the photosensitive plaque of reduction and desulfurization etc..
The volume of described cathode chamber is 1.5~2 times of anode chamber.
Described cathode chamber, anode chamber, desalting chamber volume ratio be 1.55:1.0:0.9.
Described anode film adopts two cation exchange membranes to overlap, and cation exchange membrane is the commercial power dialysis cation exchange membrane that transmitance is not less than 90%, and thickness is 0.2~0.5mm, and burst strength is not less than 0.3Mpa, and described insulating barrier adopts two layers of plastic net to overlap.
Advantage of the present utility model and having the beneficial effect that
1, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, its high-salt wastewater enters desalting chamber, and the waste water rich in nutrient substance enters cathode and anode room, and in the anode compartment, the outer electrogenesis bacterial oxidation organic pollution of born of the same parents produces electronics and proton (H+);Cathode chamber utilizes microalgae discharge oxygen and replace traditional air cathode carrying out photosynthesis, realize own growth by absorbing in luminous energy and sewage the nutrient substance such as nitrogen phosphorus and produce oxygen, and under the effect of catalyst, receiving proton (H+), be electronically generated stable oxidation product (H2O);Thus producing electric field between the capacitor plate of the capacitance group connected between anodic-cathodic, promote the removal of desalting chamber's intermediate ion.This utility model can realize heavy metal, the elimination of nitrogen phosphorus in electric energy output, removal water without applied voltage, decompose COD, high-salt sewage desalination, obtain the functions such as high value added product such as microalgae biomass.
2, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, when capacitance electrode is close to when adsorbing saturated, by in negative and positive two bioelectrode reversal connection to capacitance electrode, by changing the polarity of capacitor plate, making the ion desorption of absorption on electrode enter in solution and together discharge with flushing liquor, the original position both having realized salt ion on capacitor plate is removed, and in the process of capacitor plate regeneration, the reaction of room, yin, yang the two poles of the earth is also performed continuously over, and sewage disposal can carry out in serialization.
3, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, operating condition of the present utility model is gentle, generally room temperature, normal pressure weakly acidic pH environment in work, high safety, operating cost is low.
4, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, due to H+Anode film can be passed through, shuttle back and forth between three Room, reach the effect of balance three Room pH value, thus avoiding liquid salinity and the unbalanced problem of pH in the cathode chamber owing to ion-transfer causes, anode chamber, having provided guarantee for system longtime running.
5, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, owing to the volume of desalting chamber is not by the distance limit of capacitor plate, relatively photosynthetic microorganism desalination fuel cell is compared, and improves the removal efficiency of soluble solids.
6, this multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, adds capacitance group, cathode-anode plate intersection placement straggly in desalting chamber, by the increase and decrease of capacitor plate quantity and apart from the upper spatial volume adjusting coupling desalting chamber, improves desalination speed;Negative electrode coupling microalgae photobiological reactor, utilizes microalgae to discharge oxygen and replace traditional air cathode carrying out photosynthesis, the removal simultaneously for nitrogen phosphorus has good effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is part A reaction schematic diagram in Tu1Zhong desalting chamber.
Description of reference numerals
1-cathode chamber, 2-anode chamber, 3-desalting chamber, 4-cell body, 5-anode film, 6-anode electrode, 7-cathode electrode, 8-capacitance group, 9-insulating barrier, 10-positive wire, 11-cathode wire.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, and following example are illustrative, is not determinate, it is impossible to limits protection domain of the present utility model with this.
As shown in Figure 1, multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell of the present utility model includes cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, desalting chamber 3 and cell body 4, cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, desalting chamber 3 are arranged and within cell body 4, and each other by anode film 5 interval, desalting chamber 3 is between cathode chamber 1 and anode chamber 2.Wherein, anode chamber 2 is electrogenesis bacteria growth chamber, the internal outer electrogenesis antibacterial of interpolation born of the same parents, and inserts the anode electrode 6 being made up of carbon fiber and titanium silk wherein.Cathode chamber 1 is microalgae photoreaction room, the internal microalgae that adds, and inserts cathode electrode 7 wherein, and cathode electrode 7 covers the conduction carbon cloth smearing carboplatin catalyst.The outer electrogenesis antibacterial of born of the same parents include desulfovibrio class, proteus vulgaris, Rhodopseudomonas, fusobacterium, soil Bacillus, mud vibrio, west watt, the photosensitive plaque of sulfate reducting bacteria, reduction and desulfurization one or more.
Arranging capacitance group 8, insulating barrier 9 in desalting chamber 3, capacitance group 8 is placed in the middle part of desalting chamber 3, and surrounding leaves the proton (H produced in Neng Shi anode chamber 2+) flow to the space participating in redox reaction in cathode chamber 1.Capacitance group 8 is made up of multipair capacitor plate, the capacitor plate of capacitance group 8 is activated carbon measuring fiber capacitor plate, is divided into positive capacitor plate and negative capacitance pole plate, and positive capacitor plate interts with negative capacitance pole plate to be placed, place insulating barrier 9 between two adjacent capacitor plates, play the effect of insulation.Negative capacitance pole plate is connected with one end of positive wire 10, positive capacitor plate is connected with one end of cathode wire 11, the other end jointed anode electrode 6 of positive wire 10, the other end of cathode wire 11 connects cathode electrode 7, anode electrode 6, cathode electrode 7, capacitance group 8 constitute battery circuit, and wherein capacitance group 8 is as energy-storage travelling wave tube.
In the present embodiment, owing in cathode chamber 1, photosynthetic rate is slow compared to the bacterial metabolism speed in anode chamber 2, therefore the volume of cathode chamber 1 is about 1.5~2 times of anode chamber 2, it is preferable that cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, desalting chamber 3 volume ratio be 1.55:1.0:0.9.Anode film 5 preferably employs two cation exchange membranes and overlaps, and cation exchange membrane is the nontoxic commercial power dialysis cation exchange membrane that transmitance is not less than 90%, and thickness is 0.2~0.5mm, and burst strength is not less than 0.3Mpa.The preferred two layers of plastic net of insulating barrier 9 overlaps.
The course of reaction of fuel battery inside is:
High-COD waste water (such as sanitary sewage, through pretreated breeding wastewater etc.) is passed into cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, high-salt wastewater is passed into desalting chamber 3.In cathode chamber 1, the nutrient substance such as little molecule carbon source that microalgae absorbs most of N, the P in high-COD waste water when illumination and fraction can be utilized, and absorb CO2Carry out photosynthesis, produce O2The accumulation of own biological matter as electron acceptor, can be realized simultaneously;After system stability, continuum micromeehanics, the algae solution pump higher for COD retained in cathode chamber 1 is drawn, after carrying out microalgae collection, water outlet is supplemented directly as the water that enters of anode chamber 2, by the control of hydraulic detention time, it is ensured that in cathode chamber, most of the nitrogen phosphorus is removed, and microalgae density is held essentially constant.
In anode chamber 2, the outer electrogenesis antibacterial of born of the same parents utilizes remaining nitrogen phosphorus in sewage to be CO by organic pollution and remaining frond oxidation Decomposition2, electronics and proton (H+), it is achieved dirty water purification.Wherein, CO2Can being enriched to cathode chamber 1 by connection, promote the photosynthesis of microalgae, electronics is delivered in capacitance group 8 by positive wire 10 and stores, and proton then arrives cathode chamber 1 through anode film 5 and desalting chamber 3.On cathode electrode 7 surface, under the effect of catalyst, proton, electronics and the electron acceptor (O that microalgae produces2) react, ultimately generate stable oxidation product (H2O)。
Reactive chemistry formula includes:
Anode: C6H12O6+6H2O→6CO2+24H++24e-(1)
Negative electrode: O2+4H++4e-→2H2O(2)
As shown in Figure 2, owing to the positive capacitor plate of the capacitance group 8 in desalting chamber 3 has identical electromotive force with negative capacitance pole plate, and then between capacitor plate surface and solution, form electric double layer, the ion in desalting chamber 3 is made to be enriched in the capacitor plate surface with opposite polarity respectively, thus realizing removing the purpose of major part ion.Meanwhile, H+Anode film 5 can being passed through, shuttle back and forth between three Room, having reached the effect of balance three Room pH value, thus avoiding liquid salinity and the unbalanced problem of pH in the cathode chamber 1 owing to ion-transfer causes, anode chamber 2.
At the ion of positive capacitor plate and negative capacitance pole plate absorption of capacitance group 8 close to time saturated, negative capacitance pole plate is connected with cathode wire 11, positive capacitor plate is connected with positive wire 10, by anode electrode 6, cathode electrode 7 reversal connection on positive capacitor plate and negative capacitance pole plate, between the capacitor plate of capacitance group 8, so it is the formation of the electromotive force contrary with desalination stage, the ion being adsorbed on capacitor plate repels and desorbing under the driving of opposite potential mutually in the same sex, form concentrated solution, can recycle in subsequent technique.
In sum, it is achieved the method for above-mentioned multiple-effect photosynthesis microorganism fuel cell, comprise the following steps:
1) pass into high nitrogen phosphorus in cathode chamber 1, anode chamber 2, the richness of high COD supports waste water, passes into high-salt wastewater in desalting chamber 3;By the negative capacitance pole plate jointed anode electrode 6 of capacitance group 8, positive capacitor plate connects cathode electrode 7;
2) cathode chamber 1 is thrown in microalgae algae kind, anode chamber 2 throws in the outer electrogenesis antibacterial of born of the same parents;
3) nutrient substance such as the little molecule carbon source that microalgae absorbs most of N, the P in high-COD waste water in cathode chamber 1 and fraction can be utilized, and carry out photosynthesis and produce O2;
4) in cathode chamber 1, sewage takes continuous treatment, by the control of the time of staying, it is ensured that major part N, P are removed, and algae solution concentration does not have significant change, carries out frustule collection and acquisition to discharging algae solution, and water outlet enters anode chamber 2;
5) in anode chamber 2, organic pollution and remaining microalgae oxidation Decomposition under the effect of the outer electrogenesis antibacterial of born of the same parents is CO2, electronics and H+Proton, proton and CO2Entering cathode chamber 1 by anode film 5 and desalting chamber 3, electronics is delivered to energy storage in capacitance group 8 by cathode wire 11;
6) proton and O in cathode chamber 12Combine under the effect of catalyst, generate stable oxidation product;
7) in desalting chamber 3, the negative ions of high-salt wastewater is enriched in the negative capacitance pole plate of capacitance group 8 and positive electric capacity polar board surface respectively;
8) at the ion of positive capacitor plate and the absorption of negative capacitance pole plate close to, time saturated, negative capacitance pole plate being connected cathode electrode 7, positive capacitor plate jointed anode electrode 6, make the ion desorption of absorption on capacitor plate, discharge with eluent.
Although disclosing embodiment of the present utility model and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: in the spirit and scope without departing from this utility model and claims, various replacements, to change and modifications be all possible, therefore, scope of the present utility model is not limited to embodiment and accompanying drawing disclosure of that.