CN205155003U - Controllable stroke hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder - Google Patents
Controllable stroke hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN205155003U CN205155003U CN201520570712.7U CN201520570712U CN205155003U CN 205155003 U CN205155003 U CN 205155003U CN 201520570712 U CN201520570712 U CN 201520570712U CN 205155003 U CN205155003 U CN 205155003U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a controllable stroke hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder includes: piston rod, piston, internally piloting valves, cylinder, sealing seat ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline, gas -liquid booster pump and flow control jar. Inside subsidiary oil cavity and the outstanding jar inner chamber of including of suspension cylinder, subsidiary oil cavity keeps apart with outstanding jar inner chamber completely. Hang the jar inner chamber and include cylinder inner chamber and piston rod inner cavity, it is middle through internally piloting valves intercommunication, form complete outstanding jar inner chamber system. Subsidiary oil cavity passes through external control valve of pipeline and accumulator, forms independent external control return circuit. The external control interface of gas -liquid booster pump and flow control jar respectively with outstanding jar inner chamber system and external control loop connection, constitute two independent passageways of isobaric synchro control. Operation through the inside switching -over valve of gas -liquid booster pump and flow control jar realizes suspension cylinder's stroke control. Hang jar inner chamber system and external control return circuit, form two air chamber back pressure opposition structures through cylinder inner chamber and subsidiary oil cavity. The internally piloting valves carries out automatic variable damping control according to the system pressure to hanging jar inner chamber system.
Description
Technical field
This patent relates to a kind of pneumatic cylinder, discloses a kind of controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder specifically, and discloses its new structural characteristics and using function.
Background technique
Pneumatic cylinder is integrated with structural principle and the using function of pneumatic spring and hydraulic damper, has better mechanical characteristic and application area.Pneumatic cylinder Inner portion fills nitrogen and hydraulic oil.Nitrogen, as Elastic medium and energy-accumulating medium, has variation rigidity characteristic, and has larger stored energy ratio than metallic resilient material.Hydraulic oil, as resisting medium, produces damping force by the damping structure of suspension cylinder inside.
Owing to being encapsulated in housing structure by nitrogen, thus pneumatic cylinder has the working pressure larger than pneumatic spring and capacity.With conventional hydraulic cylinder similar, by kinematic relation and mounting structure, pneumatic cylinder is also made up of cylinder assembly and piston rod assembly, and internal capacity separate space comprises rod chamber, rodless cavity, and piston rod is hollow-core construction normally.Wherein, rodless cavity is called outstanding cylinder inner chamber, is made up of inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.Rod chamber is called secondary oil pocket, is the annulus surrounded between suspension cylinder waist sidewall by cylinder assembly and piston rod assembly.
When outstanding cylinder inner chamber uses as a cavity, inner filled hydraulic oil and nitrogen, also claim air-fuel mixture chamber or mixing oil pocket.In use, the volume space amplitude of variation of secondary oil pocket is maximum, is typically used as the source of the internally-damped flow of suspension cylinder.Secondary oil pocket inside fills hydraulic oil, and on the piston rod sidewall of its inside cavities, is provided with damp channel and outstanding cylinder inner chamber is connected.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be two kinds of typical structure patterns of the two oil pocket pneumatic cylinder of single air chamber.Piston rod puts structure to Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 is the underlying structure of piston rod.Only the oil pocket of filled hydraulic oil is called pure oil pocket, comprises variable pure oil pocket and immutable pure oil pocket.Variable pure oil pocket is communicated with mixed oil pocket and forms damp channel.Suspension cylinder compression or when drawing god, the volume of variable pure oil pocket and mixed oil pocket, pressure change and produces damping flow.The two oil recess structure of single air chamber, secondary oil pocket is as variable pure oil pocket and suspension inner space.Suspension cylinder internal system pressure externally provides the active area of elastic force, is called that pressure application surface amasss.Produce the area of damping flow with suspension cylinder compression or draw speed, be called damping discharge area.The elastic force of suspension cylinder, by suspension cylinder internal system pressure and the long-pending decision of pressure application surface.The damping flow of system, is compressed by damping discharge area and suspension cylinder or draw speed determines.In the two oil recess structure of single air chamber, pressure application surface amasss as suspension cylinder piston rod cylindrical area, and stiffness curve is see Figure 13.Damping discharge area is the sectional area of variable pure oil pocket, namely the annulus area of secondary oil pocket cavity.Damping characteristic is see Figure 15.
As shown in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 6, be four kinds of typical single air chamber three oil recess structures, pressure application surface amasss as rod areas, and stiffness curve is see Figure 13.Three oil recess structures are, by piston or valve board structure, outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.What fill separately hydraulic oil is main oil pocket, and what fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen is mixing oil pocket simultaneously.Piston or valve plate are furnished with damping structure, are communicated with inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, form inner chamber damp channel.Secondary oil pocket, by piston rod sidewall damping structure and the conducting of outstanding cylinder inner chamber, forms secondary oil pocket damp channel.Damping characteristic is see Figure 15.
Figure 3 shows that and piston rod puts structure.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, respectively with piston rod cavity (mixing oil pocket) conducting, form two damp channels arranged side by side.The composite structure of the damping structure on the damping structure on piston rod sidewall and piston or valve plate also normally one-way valve and damping hole.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is inner cavity of cylinder area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 4 shows that the underlying structure of piston rod.Secondary oil pocket is variable pure oil pocket, and piston rod cavity (main oil pocket) is immutable pure oil pocket.Secondary oil pocket, by piston rod cavity and inner cavity of cylinder (mixing oil pocket) conducting, synthesizes a damp channel.Damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 5 shows that the underlying structure of another kind of piston rod.Piston rod cavity separates oil/gas part by a floating piston, forms mixing oil pocket.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, respectively with piston rod cavity conducting, form two damp channels arranged side by side.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is inner cavity of cylinder area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 6 shows that and piston rod puts pressure compensation structure.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, and piston rod cavity is mixing oil pocket.Secondary oil pocket → main oil pocket → mixing oil pocket sequential turn-on, forms the damp channel of two series connection.The complementary relationship of mineralization pressure, flow between secondary oil pocket and main oil pocket.Eliminate the system negative pressure appearance of pneumatic cylinder, and the applies amplitude of remarkable elevator system damping constant.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is piston rod cylindrical area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, be three kinds of typical two air chamber three oil pocket oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structures, be piston rod underlying.
Fig. 7 is two air chamber forward cascaded structures.Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity respectively comprise one mixing oil pocket, between be communicated with by damping structure.Secondary oil pocket is as variable pure oil pocket and piston rod cavity conducting, and provide the main damping flow of system, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket area.Can produce additional damping flow between two mixing oil pockets, size and the flow direction depend on the initial inflation process parameter of upper and lower two air chambers.Two mixing oil pockets in secondary oil pocket and inner cavity of cylinder, piston rod cavity form the oil hydraulic circuit of an all-pass, comprise two damp channels.The pressure application surface of suspension cylinder entirety amasss as rod areas, and stiffness curve is see Figure 13.Damping characteristic is see Figure 15.
Fig. 8 is two reverse opposed structures of air chamber.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber is completely cut off for inner cavity of cylinder independent of each other and piston rod cavity by the piston of an enclosed construction.Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity respectively comprise a mixing oil pocket.The pressure of piston rod cavity, imports secondary oil pocket by a circuits, forms the opposed structure of back-pressure with inner cavity of cylinder.Its elastic force exports, and be the difference of the Output pressure of inner cavity of cylinder area and the Output pressure of secondary oil pocket area, stiffness curve is see Figure 14.Secondary oil pocket, as variable pure oil pocket, by forming a damp channel with the connecting pipeline of piston rod cavity, forms the damping flow of system.The damping discharge area of system is secondary oil pocket area.Damping characteristic is see Figure 15.
Fig. 9 is the another kind of two reverse opposed structure of air chamber, stiffness characteristics and Fig. 8 Structure type together, see Figure 14.Be with the difference of Fig. 8 structure: inner cavity of cylinder is variable pure oil pocket, the outside accumulator that increases is as mixing oil pocket, and centre is connected with orifice valve by pipeline, forms main oil pocket damp channel.Main oil cavity channel damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder area, and secondary oil cavity channel damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
It should be noted that:
1, except the two oil recess structure (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) of single air chamber on basis, piston rod is put structure and the underlying structure of piston rod, no longer there is identical mechanical model and mechanical relationship (as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4).And relating to the difference of hydraulic oil, the package structure of nitrogen, position and damp channel structure, a kind of pneumatic cylinder of structure possibly cannot use after being inverted.This is also a feature of pneumatic cylinder.
2, the volume-variation of damping traffic source variable pure oil pocket when suspension cylinder compression or stretching of suspension cylinder.And variable pure oil pocket must be connected to mixing oil pocket by the generation of damping flow, or be finally connected to mixing oil pocket, to form damp channel by the pure oil pocket of another one.Otherwise the mechanical relationship of suspension cylinder inside is just false.
From existing (Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9) various application structure, secondary oil pocket is all the main source as system damping flow, and all connects with outstanding cylinder inner chamber bar none, forms the oil hydraulic circuit to outer closure.
3, shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, the opposed structure of the underlying back-pressure of piston rod is.Although obtain better stiffness characteristics (Figure 14), but these two kinds of structures must based on the physical isolation to inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, so just lose the association on structure important between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, position, speed, flow and pressure, and the guide-tube structure of piston rod cavity complexity occupies the inner useful space.Make in outstanding cylinder inner chamber based on cannot carrying out arranging to the variable damper structure of position, flow and Stress control relation and applying.In addition, the guide-tube structure of piston rod cavity complexity, installation and maintenance difficulty, reliability are poor.
4, nine kinds of structures listing of Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9, are the main structure form of existing pneumatic cylinder in stiffness structure.Under conventional structure, the damping structure of system is made up of damping hole, one-way valve, can not regulate and control in using process.The damping characteristic of system is quadratic curve F=f (v) based on speed term, forward and reverse difference, see Figure 15.
Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 7 structure, stiffness characteristics is basically identical, and characteristic curve, see Figure 13, is a forward nonlinear curve, there is hard spot in the initial position of curve.Whole suspension cylinder built-in system is a closed loop, cannot introduce outside input and control.But based on inner space and structural configuration mutative damp mechanism, variable damper control can be realized to a certain extent.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 structure, although obtain better stiffness characteristics, eliminates hard spot (load-deflection curve is see Figure 14), lacks control objectives and the controlling unit of external control, is also difficult to realize the outside control to system stiffness, state.And due in its structure to the physical isolation of outstanding cylinder inner chamber, ensuing variable damper control cannot be realized.
Initiatively and semi-active control suspension system, what stress is active or half initiatively Comprehensive Control to system stroke, state, rigidity, damping.Existing all kinds of oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structure, lacks architecture basics and the condition of complete realization.
5, the pneumatic cylinder of existing various structure, be all focus on suspension cylinder therein rigidity and the collocation of damping characteristic and the integrity of independent operating and reliable rows, do not consider that setting applies external input port and the internal control link of ACTIVE CONTROL by outside.Its inner oil pocket, air chamber be interrelated, mutually control, and is also all independently use as separate part usually before.But as whole chassis, especially active, semi-active suspension, needs just different road conditions, running state, different driving and operating environment, carries out active or semi-active control.But whole pneumatic cylinder does not construct the independent link controlled for external control or the combination of many suspension cylinders, the premium properties of pneumatic cylinder and combination potentiality are made to can not get giving a full play of.Hang on cylinder structure in existing type and apply the disorder that outside ACTIVE CONTROL can cause outstanding cylinder interior flow, pressure, cause the stability of a system and reliability to go wrong.
Active and semi-active suspension have on the high-end product such as car, commercial vehicle to be applied well.It is mainly based on the combination with automatically controlled damper such as leaf spring, helical spring, pneumatic spring, introduces automatical control system and controls.But be limited to sprung parts, the displacement volume of automatical control system, control capability, the problem such as system accuracy and cost structure, the application of large vehicle and general product is very limited.Also space state is being in based on the application on the engineering of hydro pneumatic suspension, heavy type and popular vehicle.Wherein, the Stroke Control of suspension system controls to be the most basic function requirement with height, state.A kind of can be used for initiatively and basic pneumatic cylinder structure under semi-active control system, is urgently proposed, and the system architecture scheme that basic stroke and state control.
Summary of the invention
This patent proposes a kind of controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, builds the enterprise infrastructure being used for combining control between outside ACTIVE CONTROL and many suspension cylinders, and implements the organization plan of stroke, height and state control.Core is to build inner/outer two the independently constructive solution that controls of the target link of hydraulic circuit system, outside ACTIVE CONTROL, control form and implementing.
This patent adopts following organization plan to realize above-mentioned characteristic and function: a kind of controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, comprising: piston rod, piston, internally piloted valve group, cylinder barrel, seal holder ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline, gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder.Cylinder barrel, piston rod and piston, surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber (rodless cavity) in suspension cylinder inside.Cylinder barrel, seal holder ring and piston rod, piston, surround secondary oil pocket (rod chamber) between suspension cylinder waist sidewall.Secondary oil pocket fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity by the internally piloted valve component bottom piston rod.Fill hydraulic oil in inner cavity of cylinder, become main oil pocket.Fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen in piston rod cavity, become mixing oil pocket.Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, be communicated with by damp channel in internally piloted valve group, forms complete, independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.For secondary oil pocket, at cylinder barrel, external interface is set near seal holder ring position, connects accumulator, control valve by pipeline outside, form independently outer control loop.Gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder, for external control suspension cylinder stroke and control unit highly, there is release-push by-pass governing oil circuit therebetween centre, coordinate with gas-liquid booster pump Outlet check valves implement to pneumatic cylinder stroke and height loading and release control.Gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder are connected with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop respectively, form two independently closed systems.As shown in figure 25, be controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing.Figure 10 is structural representation.
When outstanding cylinder compression or stretching, inner cavity of cylinder, secondary oil pocket volume all change, and are variable oil pocket.For outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, carry out the exchange of flow between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder area.For outer control loop, carry out the exchange of flow between secondary oil pocket and accumulator, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket area.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, form two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure by inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket) and secondary oil pocket.The pressure application surface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system amasss as inner cavity of cylinder area.The pressure application surface of outer control loop amasss as secondary oil pocket area.Suspension cylinder overall elasticity power exports, and is the pressure superposition of inner cavity of cylinder area and secondary oil pocket area.See Figure 20.Curve 1 is the stiffness curve of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and curve 2 is the stiffness curve of outer control loop, and curve 3 is the integral stiffness curve of suspension cylinder system.As seen from Figure 20, outer control loop has carried out revising well at the stiffness characteristics of starting stage to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and forms forward and reverse zero passage balance position.
Gas-liquid booster pump inside is cylinder/Combined Plunger-type Cylinder structure, rely on the to-and-fro motion of piston/plunger in conjunction with one-way valve, outstanding cylinder intracavity liquid force feed is injected flow control cylinder rodless cavity with the flow of high pressure, pulsation, the hydraulic oil promoted in opposite side rod chamber enters the secondary oil pocket of outstanding cylinder, realizes the control of suspension cylinder stroke with height.Piston in flow control cylinder still plays the effect of the outstanding cylinder inner chamber system of isolation and outer control loop.The area ratio of flow control cylinder rod chamber/rodless cavity, keeps certain proportionate relationship, to realize specific control effects with the area ratio of the secondary oil pocket/inner cavity of cylinder of suspension cylinder.When discharging, open the release-push between gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder, flow control cylinder is with differential mode return.The piston rod of flow control cylinder except regulable control characteristic, also as suspension cylinder position and state signals collecting parts with control trigger component.Figure 17 is the pressure characteristic of this routine double loop/system.Curve 1 is outer control loop pressure characteristic, and curve 2 is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system-head curve.Two loops/system pressure is amassed by respective pressure application surface and reaches elasticity equilibrium of forces at balance position.
When needs reduce suspension cylinder height or when packing up suspension cylinder, start gas-liquid booster pump, hydraulic oil quantitative in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is injected flow control cylinder rodless cavity, hydraulic oil quantitative in rod chamber is injected the secondary oil pocket of suspension cylinder simultaneously.Pneumatic cylinder height reduction, balance position changes, until reach new balance position.Be suspension cylinder collapsed state as shown in figure 26.Flow control cylinder selects suitable piston rod/cylinder barrel diameter proportioning, can reach isobaric state of a control.As shown in figure 19, for etc. system-head curve under pressure-controlled.Curve 1/ curve 2 is respectively outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system-head curve under the state of original equilibrium position, and curve 3/ curve 4 is respectively outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system-head curve under new balance position state.Shown in Figure 24, for etc. system stiffness characteristic curve under pressure-controlled.Curve 1 is system stiffness characteristic curve under the state of original equilibrium position, and curve 2 is system stiffness characteristic curve under new balance position state.From Figure 19 and Figure 24, lower whole suspension cylinder height etc. pressure-controlled, each working position of suspension cylinder synchronously declines with equilibrium position, and working stroke remains unchanged.
When needing original height or the release suspension cylinder recovering suspension cylinder, switching selector valve position, starting gas-liquid booster pump, just the hydraulic oil inverse injection in flow control cylinder rodless cavity can be hanged cylinder inner chamber system.Rely on the pressure reduction between two loops/system simultaneously, the quantitative hydraulic oil in secondary oil pocket is flow back to flow control cylinder rod chamber.When recovering suspension cylinder height, need to overcome the gravity of vehicle spring carried mass and rise to original working depth.Also need to overcome the additional pressure in two loops/system in the pressure-controlled situation such as non-.As shown in figure 27, for being returned to the system construction drawing of original state by compressive state.
In flow control cylinder piston rod/cylinder barrel diameter proportioning, when not being diameter proportioning corresponding to suspension cylinder piston rod/cylinder barrel, just form non-isobaric state of a control.Structure shown in Figure 11 is the situation that flow control cylinder diameter of piston rod is taken as zero.Figure 23 is the stiffness curve situation of change of this non-isobaric structure height and Stroke Control, and curve 1 is original stiffness curve, and curve 2 is the stiffness curve of new equilibrium position.As seen from Figure 23, wait laminated structure on suspension cylinder balance position, carried out corresponding control although non-, height actual under sky/full load condition and Stroke Control all obviously weaken.
Figure 12 is another kind of limit case, and namely disconnect the flow changing channel with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, gas-liquid booster pump adopts open architecture, forms unity loop control structure.Under this control structure, the Pressure characteristics of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop as shown in figure 18.In Figure 18, curve 1 is original equilibrium position outer control loop pressure characteristic, and curve 3 is new balance position outer control loop pressure characteristic, and curve 2/4 is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system-head curve.As seen from Figure 18, in control procedure, outstanding cylinder inner chamber system pressure characteristic remains unchanged.Figure 21,22 is the situation of change of suspension cylinder stiffness curve under two kinds of control dynamics, and curve 1 is original stiffness curve, and curve 2 is stiffness curve under new balance position.From Figure 21,22, unity loop control structure is still more weak for the control of suspension cylinder real work height, and the control performance for suspension cylinder working stroke is relatively more remarkable, but also obviously changes the system stiffness value under unloaded and full load condition.For specific vehicle, unloaded relative with full load condition fixing, thus there is certain impact in the smoothness of unity loop control structure on vehicle operating.
Look back the isobaric control structure in this routine double loop, Figure 19, Figure 24.To the precise control of balance position and real work position, consistent, additional pressure is little, process is steady, keeps original sky/fully loaded stiffness characteristics constant, make to control rise/beginning state and each transition state of centre all keep very good conformity.The system of this assures is used alone and the regularity and stability of multisystem Combination application.
This routine controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system are closed system.Gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder → outer control loop → outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is isolated form gradual control, is a kind of reversible, safety type control.
Figure 28 is the system construction drawing under normal operation, unloaded state.Figure 29 is the system construction drawing under normal operation, full load condition.From Figure 28,29, when normally running, carry out the exchange of flow in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, in outer control loop, between secondary oil pocket and accumulator, carry out the exchange of flow.And between gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder and outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, no longer include the exchange of flow.The selector valve of gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder interior is in complete in state, guarantees stability and the reliability of system works.In Figure 28, the internally piloted valve group of suspension cylinder inside is in unloaded state.In Figure 29, internally piloted valve group is in full load condition.The structural drawing that Figure 30, Figure 31 are detailed under being respectively the zero load of internally piloted valve group and full load condition.
For internally piloted valve group, it is the automatic variable damping construction package that a kind of internal pressure controls.It according to the pressure perception of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, the working state judging suspension cylinder, and can adjust inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket) with the flow between piston rod cavity (mixing oil pocket) and damping constant and controls automatically.As shown in figure 16, for internally piloted valve group is according to the mutative damp characteristic curve of internal system pressure automatic control.
The core of this patent is:
1, by secondary for pneumatic cylinder oil pocket and outstanding cylinder inner chamber (comprising inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity) completely isolated, and using secondary oil pocket as the target link of carrying out external control, to realize active to suspension cylinder stroke, length and rigidity or semi-active control;
2, outstanding cylinder inner chamber, with internally piloted valve group for core controls inner inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket) and mixed piston rod cavity (conjunction oil pocket), build complete, an independently pressure/flow control system, the main body Stiffness/Damping mechanics parameter of suspension cylinder is provided, and realizes the mutative damp ACTIVE CONTROL of internal system.Its pressure application surface sum damping discharge area, is inner cavity of cylinder area.
3, at pneumatic cylinder outer installment accumulator, control valve and pipeline, be connected with the secondary oil pocket of suspension cylinder, build independently outer control loop.This measure reaches following three objects simultaneously:
1. with accumulator (mixing oil pocket), the complete pressure of outer control loop, discharge relation is built with secondary oil pocket.
2. with control valve, external control input port is set up, simultaneously the double damping member doing outer control loop self;
3. set up outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, form the opposed structural relation of novel, complete two air chamber back-pressures by secondary oil pocket;
4, the outer control loop built and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system independently, are supplemented, are revised the mechanics parameter of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and carry out Reverse Turning Control to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system in rigidity, stroke, state, pressure and other parameters by secondary oil pocket.Its pressure application surface sum damping discharge area, is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
5, on the basis realizing two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure, complete outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure is built.Complete structure and the parameter association of vertical relative position, speed, pressure, flow etc. between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity is set up by internally piloted valve.Achieve first based on the outstanding cylinder inner chamber system automatic variable damping function under the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures, and provide a kind of basic framework completely newly for various mutative damp ACTIVE CONTROL from now on.
6, with gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder, be connected with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop respectively, form the pressure control systems such as closed-type double action crank press loop.With gas-liquid booster pump, as the control actuator of this example, cut-off when carrying out forward and reverse control with the selector valve of inside and normally run is with closed.
Some illustrates:
1, the pressure control system such as closed-type double action crank press loop that builds of this patent, comprising: the height of suspension cylinder and the ACTIVE CONTROL of state, the unloaded automatic variable damping with being fully loaded with controls, and the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures that outer control loop is set up with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.Both can control separately, again can combined running.
Vehicle is when adjusting height with state, and gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder respectively, equipressure synchronous with outstanding cylinder inner chamber/secondary oil pocket carries out flow exchange (Figure 24).Initial position and intermediateness smooth transition.
Vehicle in motion, carries out the exchange of flow, carries out the exchange of flow in outer control loop between secondary oil pocket and accumulator between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.Outer control loop has carried out complete supplementing and revising to outstanding cylinder inner chamber mechanics of system parameter, exports good stiffness characteristics (Figure 20).Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, based on the complete structure in inside, relies on internally piloted valve group to export good mutative damp characteristic (Figure 16).
During no-load running, outstanding cylinder inner chamber working pressure is in low-pressure state.Internally piloted valve group opens mutative damp passage, and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is in low resistance coefficient behavior.During full load operation, outstanding cylinder inner chamber working pressure is in high pressure conditions.Internally piloted valve group closes mutative damp passage, and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is in high damping coefficient behavior.During sky/full load operation, outstanding cylinder can export good damping characteristic.
2, novel two air chamber back-pressures opposed suspension cylinder structure keeps complete, succinct outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure, and complete associating between inner cavity of cylinder with piston rod cavity, builds complete outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and independently outer control loop.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system provides the main body parameter of suspension cylinder, and outer control loop provides the controling parameters of system.Independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop structure, guarantee stability and the reliability of suspension system work;
3, the pressure application surface sum damping discharge area of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is inner cavity of cylinder area.The pressure application surface sum damping discharge area of outer control loop is secondary oil pocket area.Outer control loop and the opposed structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber System's composition back-pressure, eliminate the hard spot in stroke, forms the zero passage equinoctial point of suspension cylinder, export good stiffness characteristics.
4, the mutative damp self adaptive control of this example is the complete structure based on outstanding cylinder inner chamber, and the complete structure such as relative position, speed, pressure, flow between inner cavity of cylinder with piston rod cavity and associating.Internally piloted valve group is a kind of variable damper control mechanism based on internal system pressure, realization be the mutative damp flow control of two point, stable state.F＝f(p，v)。Figure 16 is under sky/full load condition, two damping characteristic curves of system Auto-matching.The variable damper control discharge area of this example is inner cavity of cylinder area, has reached the maximum rating of housing structure.
The core of internally piloted valve group is that to construct with internal pressure be mangetic core assembly and the adaptive damping structure of control inputs, forms inner adaptive damping passage.Mangetic core assembly inside comprises a seal-off pressure chamber for system identification, and inside provides spool reference pressure to promote valve core movement with spring.Spool reference pressure is set between the unloaded pressure of suspension cylinder and loading pressure.Spool is furnished with inside/outside two groups of damping holes and one-way valve, forms fixing damp channel and controllable damping passage with spool race fit, fixing damp channel is long logical.When spool stretches out, controllable damping passage is opened, controllable damping pathway closure when spool is retracted.Mangetic core assembly also includes damping cavity, damping ring, for controlling the steady-state response of spool self.Figure 30, Figure 31 are the work structuring figure of internally piloted valve group under sky/full load condition.
Some explanation to internally piloted valve group:
1.. at adaptive damping structure, adaptive damping passage and automatic control structure that cylinder interior builds, using outstanding cylinder inner chamber system pressure as the input parameter of variable damper control, F=f (p, v).
2.. spool reference pressure is used for the unloaded pressure of identification system inside and loading pressure, and promotes spool with system pressure superimposes and keep stretching out and retraction two specific positions.Therefore, be a typical two point variable damper control, see Figure 16.
3.. the damping cavity in mangetic core assembly, damping ring, for controlling the steady-state response of spool self.The pressure surge of internal system and compression shock, can not cause the transient state of spool to start and rigid impact.Therefore, system is that a stable state controls,
4.. this example is unique based under the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures at present, realizes the suspension cylinder structure that outside ACTIVE CONTROL and inner mutative damp control automatically, for technical development from now on provides a brand-new basic pneumatic cylinder structure.
5, this patent is the proposition first outside existing document and product.As the organization plan of the ACTIVE CONTROL hydro pneumatic suspension height under mechanical/hydraulic control mode and state, there is obvious Inventive Characteristics and using value.
This patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, by structure being isolated secondary oil pocket and outstanding cylinder inner chamber, builds outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop.By liquid suction booster/flow control cylinder, form with constructed double-circuit system that Twin channel is isobaric, the system architecture of synchronization control, realize reliable, stable height and state controls.Simultaneously also constructed a kind of novel two air chamber back-pressure oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structures, and the automatic variable damping achieved under system sky/full load condition controls, open active and the novel technical pattern of semi-active control hydro pneumatic suspension.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-piston rod is put the two oil pocket _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation of single air chamber;
Two oil pocket _ pneumatic cylinder the structural representation of the underlying single air chamber of Fig. 2-piston rod;
Fig. 3-piston rod is put single air chamber three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
The underlying single air chamber three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation of Fig. 4-piston rod;
The underlying single air chamber three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation of Fig. 5-piston rod;
Fig. 6-piston rod is put single air chamber three oil pockets/pressure-compensated _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
Fig. 7-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber forward is connected three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
Fig. 8-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber oppositely opposed three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
Fig. 9-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber oppositely opposed three oil pockets _ pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
Figure 10 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder structural representation;
The isobaric control structure schematic diagram of-non-that Figure 11 this patent relates to;
Figure 12 this patent relates to-single channel control structural representation;
Figure 13-traditional pneumatic cylinder load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 14-opposed the structure of bis-air chamber back-pressure _ pneumatic cylinder load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 15-traditional pneumatic cylinder damping characteristic curve figure;
Figure 16 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder mutative damp performance diagram;
Figure 17 this patent-pneumatic cylinder system-head curve figure;
Figure 18 this patent relates to-single channel control structure travel control system pressure characteristic figure;
Figure 19 this patent-pneumatic cylinder height/state control system pressure characteristic figure;
Figure 20 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 21 this patent relates to-single channel control structure Stroke Control load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 22 this patent relates to-single channel control structure Stroke Control load-deflection curve figure;
-the non-that Figure 23 this patent relates to isobaric control structure Stroke Control load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 24 this patent-isobaric control structure height/state controls load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 25 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing;
Figure 26 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder collapsed state system construction drawing;
Figure 27 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder releasing state system construction drawing;
Figure 28 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder unloaded state system construction drawing;
Figure 29 this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder full load condition system construction drawing;
Figure 30 this patent-internally piloted valve group Stress control variable damper structure unloaded state partial enlarged drawing;
Figure 31 this patent-internally piloted valve group Stress control variable damper structure full load condition partial enlarged drawing;
Embodiment
This patent, controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, comprises piston rod 10, piston 11, internally piloted valve group 12, cylinder barrel 13, seal holder ring 14, accumulator 15, control valve 16, gas-liquid booster pump 17, flow control cylinder 18, selector valve 19, pipeline 25.Described cylinder barrel 13, piston rod 10 and piston 11 surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 (rodless cavity) in suspension cylinder inside.Described cylinder barrel 13, seal holder ring 14 and piston rod 10, piston 11 surround secondary oil pocket 21 (rod chamber) between suspension cylinder waist sidewall.Described secondary oil pocket 21 fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20.Described outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 is divided into inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23 by the internally piloted valve group 12 bottom piston rod 10.Fill hydraulic oil in described inner cavity of cylinder 22, in piston rod cavity 23, fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen.Described inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23, be communicated with by damp channel in internally piloted valve group 12, forms complete, independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30.Described secondary oil pocket 21, arranges outside connection mouth at cylinder barrel 13 near the position of seal holder ring 14, by the external accumulator 15 of pipeline 25, control valve 16, forms independently outer control loop 40.
Described outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, is closed in outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20, is made up of, is provided with external control interface 31 bottom inner cavity of cylinder 22 piston rod cavity 23, inner cavity of cylinder 22 and internally piloted valve group 12.Described outer control loop 40, be made up of secondary oil pocket 21, accumulator 15, control valve 16 and pipeline 25, control valve 16 is provided with external control interface 41.Described outer control loop 40 is completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, independently of one another.
Secondary oil pocket 21 in described outer control loop 40 and the inner cavity of cylinder 22 in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 form two opposed structural relation of air chamber back-pressure.Described accumulator 15, inner filled hydraulic oil and nitrogen.Described secondary oil pocket 21, as the target link of external control suspension cylinder height and stroke.Described control valve 16, except the input port as external control suspension cylinder height, stroke and rigidity, also as the damping/flow control element of outer control loop 40 self.
Described gas-liquid booster pump 17 inside includes selector valve 19, forms the assembly to suspension cylinder stroke and Altitude control with flow control cylinder 18.The internal control interface of gas-liquid booster pump 17 and the rodless cavity of flow control cylinder 18 are connected, and external control interface 32 can externally control in real time.The external control interface 42 of flow control cylinder 18 is arranged on rod chamber.Described selector valve 19 can implement commutation and the closing control of oil circuit.The external control interface 32 of described gas-liquid booster pump 17 and the external control interface 42 of flow control cylinder 18, be connected with the outstanding external control interface 31 of cylinder inner chamber system 30 and the external control interface 41 of outer control loop 40 respectively, form two independently closed systems, form two passages suspension cylinder height/stroke being carried out to continuity equipressure/synchronization control.As shown in figure 25, be controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing.Figure 10 is structural representation.
When outstanding cylinder compression or stretching, inner cavity of cylinder 22, secondary oil pocket 21 volume all change, and are variable oil pocket.For outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, carry out the exchange of flow between inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23, damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder 22 sectional area.For outer control loop 40, carry out the exchange of flow between secondary oil pocket 21 and accumulator 15, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket 21 sectional area.The damping flow of suspension cylinder is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 and outer control loop 40 damping flow sum.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 and outer control loop 40, form two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure by inner cavity of cylinder 22 and secondary oil pocket 21.The pressure application surface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 amasss as inner cavity of cylinder 22 sectional area.The pressure application surface of outer control loop 40 amasss as secondary oil pocket 21 sectional area.The integral rigidity of suspension cylinder amasss with the pressure of outer control loop 40 by the pressure and pressure application surface thereof that hang cylinder inner chamber system 30 and pressure application surface is long-pending is formed by stacking.See Figure 20.Curve 1 is the stiffness curve of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, and curve 2 is the stiffness curve of outer control loop 40, and curve 3 is the integral stiffness curve of suspension cylinder system.As seen from Figure 20, outer control loop 40 has carried out revising well at the stiffness characteristics of starting stage to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30.
Described internally piloted valve group 12, is Stress control automatic variable damping control unit, is arranged on the bottom of piston rod 10.The system pressure being hanged cylinder inner chamber system 30 by perception realizes controlling the automatic variable damping under suspension cylinder sky/full load condition.See Figure 16, empty/fully loaded automatic variable damping control characteristic curve of this example.Figure 30, Figure 31 are the configuration state figure of internally piloted valve group 12 under sky/full load condition.From Figure 30, Figure 31, internally piloted valve group 12 associates with pressure/flow based on the complete structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 and location/velocity complete between interior cylinder tube inner chamber 22 with piston rod cavity 23 thereof.As shown in Figure 28, Figure 29, it is the system construction drawing under this patent-controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder sky/full load condition.
When needs reduction suspension cylinder height or when packing up suspension cylinder, selector valve 19 is placed in packs up position, start gas-liquid booster pump 17, hydraulic oil quantitative in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 is injected flow control cylinder 18 rodless cavity, hydraulic oil quantitative in opposite side rod chamber is injected the secondary oil pocket 21 of outer control loop 40 simultaneously.Suspension cylinder height reduction, balance position changes, until reach new balance position.Be suspension cylinder collapsed state system construction drawing as shown in figure 26.Piston rod/cylinder barrel area proportioning that flow control cylinder 18 is selected is consistent with the area proportioning of suspension cylinder piston rod 10/ cylinder barrel 13, is isobaric state of a control.As shown in figure 19, etc. system-head curve under pressure-controlled.Curve 1/ curve 2 is respectively the pressure characteristic of outer control loop 40 and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 under the state of original equilibrium position, and curve 3/ curve 4 is respectively the pressure characteristic of outer control loop 40 and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 under new balance position state.Shown in Figure 24, for etc. system stiffness characteristic curve under pressure-controlled.Curve 1 is system stiffness characteristic curve under the state of original equilibrium position, and curve 2 is system stiffness characteristic curve under new balance position state.From Figure 19 and Figure 24, adjust suspension cylinder height under isobaric state of a control, each working position of suspension cylinder synchronously declines with equilibrium position, and working stroke remains unchanged.
When needing original height or the release suspension cylinder recovering suspension cylinder, selector valve 19 is placed in release position, starts gas-liquid booster pump 17, the hydraulic oil inverse injection in flow control cylinder 18 rodless cavity is hanged cylinder inner chamber system 30.Rely on the pressure reduction between two loops/system simultaneously, the quantitative hydraulic oil in secondary for outer control loop 40 oil pocket 21 is flow back to the rod chamber of flow control cylinder 18.As shown in figure 27, be suspension cylinder releasing state system construction drawing.
When not needing adjustment suspension cylinder height or vehicle normally to run, closing and start gas-liquid booster pump 17 and selector valve 19 be placed in cut-off position.
Controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, isolates the target link of secondary oil pocket as external control, builds outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop two independently control loop system, is formed suspension cylinder height and two equipressures of Stroke Control, synchronous control channel.Synthetic setting outer control loop and the control inputs port of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and the damp controlling structure of loop/system self, maintain the integrity of outstanding cylinder inner chamber and relational structure that between piston rod cavity and inner cavity of cylinder, position, speed, pressure, flow etc. are complete, achieve the multinomial combination functions such as initiatively external control, the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures, inner initiatively variable damper control, eliminate the deficiency of conventional construction, achieve complete, excellent mechanical characteristic.Suspension cylinder allomeric function and structural integrity, Inner Constitution is succinct, has excavated the structural effectiveness of pneumatic cylinder to greatest extent.While effectively implementing outside ACTIVE CONTROL, ensure that stability and the reliability of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system works.
The proposition of controlled stroke oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structure, isolate from secondary oil pocket and outstanding cylinder inner chamber, independent double-circuit system, isobaric, synchronous Twin channel controls, the opposed structure of two air chamber, the key technology such as variation rigidity, mutative damp function aspects is all first in existing document and product, and initiatively hydro pneumatic suspension provides a structure, the complete reliable novel foundation suspension cylinder structure of function in order to expand further initiatively, partly.
, based on hydro pneumatic suspension structure, in bearer cap, control capability and cost structure etc., there is obvious advantage in the proposition of this routine technological scheme.This just provides a kind of efficient, economic technological means and the line of production and valuable for numerous product such as common vehicle, load-carrying vehicle and special vehicle promotes chassis performance.
Claims (7)
1. a controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder, comprises piston rod, piston, internally piloted valve group, cylinder barrel, seal holder ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline, gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder; Described cylinder barrel, piston rod and piston surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber in suspension cylinder inside; Described cylinder barrel, seal holder ring and piston rod, piston surround secondary oil pocket between suspension cylinder waist sidewall; It is characterized in that described secondary oil pocket fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber.
2. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 1, described outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity by the internally piloted valve component bottom piston rod; Described inner cavity of cylinder fills hydraulic oil, and bottom is provided with external control interface; Described piston rod cavity fills hydraulic oil and nitrogen; It is characterized in that described inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, be communicated with by the damp channel in internally piloted valve group, form complete outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.
3. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 2, described secondary oil pocket arranges connection mouth at cylinder barrel near the position of seal holder ring; It is characterized in that described secondary oil pocket is by the external accumulator of pipeline, control valve, forms independently outer control loop.
4. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 3, is characterized in that the damping/flow control element of described control valve as outer control loop inside, and is provided with external control interface.
5. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 4, described gas-liquid booster pump includes selector valve, connects at the inner rodless cavity with flow control cylinder; Described gas-liquid booster pump and flow control cylinder respectively have an external control interface, and the external control interface of flow control cylinder is set in rod chamber; It is characterized in that the external control interface of described gas-liquid booster pump/flow control cylinder, be connected with the external control interface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system/outer control loop respectively, form two independently closed systems, form two autonomous channels that suspension cylinder height/travel synchronization is controlled.
6. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 3, is characterized in that the secondary oil pocket in described outer control loop forms two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure with the inner cavity of cylinder in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.
7. controlled stroke pneumatic cylinder according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described outstanding cylinder inner chamber keeps complete inner-cavity structure and pressure/flow association, internally piloted valve group is as variable damper control assembly between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520570712.7U CN205155003U (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | Controllable stroke hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder |
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| CN201520570712.7U CN205155003U (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | Controllable stroke hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106704441A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-05-24 | 张宏如 | Hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder with controllable stroke |
| RU226444U1 (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-06-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" | Hydropneumatic shock absorber |
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2015
- 2015-07-31 CN CN201520570712.7U patent/CN205155003U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106704441A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-05-24 | 张宏如 | Hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder with controllable stroke |
| RU226444U1 (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-06-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" | Hydropneumatic shock absorber |
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