CN205744685U

CN205744685U - Hydraulic damping device and include the cushion cylinder of this device

Info

Publication number: CN205744685U
Application number: CN201620576427.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱德伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-06-16
Filing date: 2016-06-16
Publication date: 2016-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2026-06-16

Abstract

nullThe utility model discloses a kind of hydraulic damping device and include the cushion cylinder of this device，It belongs to hydraulic components field，The cushion cylinder buffer gear it solving prior art is complicated、The accuracy of manufacture requires height、Structure difficult arrangement、It is difficult to use oil back chamber throttling back pressure and the complex method of high pressure chest pressure release off-load simultaneously、Buffer inefficient、Buffering effect poor controllability、Damper mass is the best、The weakness that reliability is low，By arranging, close to the position of terminal, the movement that signal indicator controls the guiding valve of buffer unit at oil cylinder stroke，Thus dynamically regulate size and the liquid stream direction of trimmer valve valve port opening，And then control the oil pressure in oil cylinder oil inlet and oil return chamber，By the way of oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and/or oil back chamber throttle back pressure，Control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end，Realize the high-quality buffering of oil cylinder，Buffering controllability is good、Reliability is high，Improve the total quality of product.

Description

Hydraulic damping device and include the cushion cylinder of this device

Technical field

The invention belongs to hydraulic components field, particularly relate to engineering machinery hydraulic buffer unit and hydraulic cushion oil cylinder.

Background technology

Hydraulic jack is the crucial execution unit of construction machinery hydraulic system, and the operating mechanism for engineering machinery provides dynamic Power, completes various work cycle, as the digging operation etc. of industry, excavator pretended by the shovel of loader.Operating mode due to earthwork Requirement, Cylinders of Construction Machinery generally individually uses mesohigh heavy-duty oil cylinder, and the pressure of work is relatively big, being used to of oil cylinder reciprocating moving component Property the biggest, therefore in the stroke end of oil cylinder piston type frequently reciprocating, moving component piston and fixed component cylinder head or cylinder Often there is the impact of bigger mechanical collision at the end, cause oil cylinder leakage of oil, cylinder head to come off, that cylinder bottom ftracture, piston gets loose etc. is former The generation of barrier, the most also brings bigger hydraulic shock, in the service life of the relevant hydraulic component of impact, causes hydraulic system event Barrier.Solution is usually and uses the mode making oil cylinder oil back chamber produce throttling back pressure to buffer, by oil cylinder at present Oil return opening position, inside set up buffer gear (cushion chamber and cushion collar or cushion plugs coordinate), at oil cylinder stroke close to ending Time enter cushion chamber by cushion collar or cushion plugs and form oil return gap and throttle, thus the speed reducing cylinder piston motion reaches Buffering purpose (sees patent: 200820024993.6；201020114293.3；201020127825.7； 201020127841.6；201020127843.5；201110356486.9；201220246864.8；201320109913.8； 201320321017.8；201320353365.3；201320366357.2；201320608879.9；201320608958.X； 201320831737.9；201410332785.2；201410560827.8；201420358801.0；201510029664.5； 201520121831.4)；Or use integrated unloader in piston, when oil cylinder stroke makes high pressure chest pressure release unload close to when ending Lotus, thus lay down the driving force of oil cylinder, the purpose reducing piston movement speed (sees patent: 201320766114.8； 201320886369.8；201520322314.3)；The employing external mechanical stop valve also having, by oil cylinder close to stroke eventually The mode cutting off oil circuit during point carries out crusherbull zone (seeing patent: 201420690969.1).Although above technology serves one Fixed cushioning effect, reduces the mechanical impact strength of oil cylinder to a certain extent, but still have the disadvantage that 1, use slow Mode of rushing is more single, structure difficult arrangement；2, it is difficult to use answering of oil back chamber throttling back pressure and high pressure chest pressure release off-load simultaneously Conjunction mode, buffering efficiency is not high enough；3, during oil back chamber throttling back pressure, the aperture size of restriction is the most fixing, buffered Cannot do the regulation of adaptivity in journey according to the size of cylinder piston motion speed and change, damper mass is the best, buffering Effect poor controllability；4, requiring higher to the accuracy of manufacture of buffer gear, buffering effect is affected by abrasion or the bias of parts Relatively big, even can directly result in buffer invalidation, reliability is not high enough.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of hydraulic damping device and include this device Cushion cylinder, control the guiding valve of trimmer valve in buffer unit by arranging signal indicator at oil cylinder stroke close to the position of terminal Mobile, the size of regulation trimmer valve valve port opening and liquid stream direction, thus control the oil pressure in oil cylinder oil inlet and oil return chamber, high by oil cylinder Pressure chamber pressure release off-load and/or the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved that The buffering of oil cylinder, improves damper mass, adds the reliability of buffering.According to different operating modes, cylinder buffer is required not With, cushion cylinder can be divided into Bidirectional cushion cylinder (stroke end in 2 directions all buffers) and one-way buffer oil cylinder (only 1 side To stroke end buffering), accordingly, hydraulic damping device can be divided into bidirectional hydraulic buffer unit and one-way hydraulic buffering dress Put, bidirectional buffering and the one-way buffer requirement of oil cylinder can be met respectively.Dividing according to piston rod quantity, cushion cylinder is divided into again list Piston rod oil cylinder and double rod cylinder, the two is consistent in principle, existing as a example by the most universal single-piston rod oil cylinder It is illustrated by.The present invention can be suitable for any kind of have the oil cylinder of linear reciprocating motion feature, cylinder or similar liquid (gas) pressure Part.

A kind of hydraulic damping device, coordinates with oil cylinder main body Z of controlled liquefaction cylinder, can realize the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder, It is characterized in that: include signal indicator X and trimmer valve Y, signal indicator X is arranged in the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of oil cylinder main body Z, buffering Valve Y is integrated or is assemblied in oil cylinder main body Z, trimmer valve Y be provided with 1 group or 2 groups of guiding valves (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, F1, F2, F3, F4), accordingly, 1 or two signal indicatoies X, guiding valve and signal indicator X one_to_one corresponding, signal indicator are set X can control oil-feed and/or the oil return of controlled liquefaction cylinder by the movement of the guiding valve that signal oil circuit (16,35) controls correspondence；Letter Number device X is made up of signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7), and the two pairing use may make up and is slidably matched, and one of them is integrated Or be securely fitted on piston 6 or the piston rod 4 of one end of oil cylinder chamber (3,8), can move with piston, another is the most right Answer integrated or be securely fitted on the cylinder head B or cylinder bottom A of oil cylinder chamber (3,8) other end；When signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug When (5,7) are in released state or are in static mated condition, trimmer valve Y without control action, is buffered under this state by signal indicator X Valve Y, with oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) connection of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder, keeps the normal of controlled liquefaction cylinder Oil inlet and oil return duty；When piston 6 moves to the position close to oil cylinder head B or cylinder bottom A, signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7) are progressed into the state with contact from released state, and corresponding signal plug (5,7) can progress into induction signal chamber The chamber of (1,9) constituting with it is slidably matched, so that signal chamber (1,9) and oil cylinder chamber (3,8) keep apart formation solely Vertical space, and then continuing to move to along with piston 6, the hydraulic oil in signal chamber (1,9) is formed control signal pressure by pushing Power oil, control signal pressure oil enters trimmer valve Y by signal oil circuit (16,35), and a part therein is by corresponding guiding valve Damping hole 20 earial drainage oil sump tank, remaining part then drive correspondence guiding valve overcome trimmer valve Y buffering elastic part 30 resistance produce Raw mobile, thus regulate size and the liquid stream direction of the valve port opening of trimmer valve Y, so control controlled liquefaction cylinder oil-feed and/ Or the pressure of oil back chamber, by the way of making controlled liquefaction cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and/or oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control to live Plug 6 movement velocitys in stroke end, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；After piston 6 stop motion thus buffering terminate, sliding Valve can under buffering elastic part 30 acts on return, trimmer valve Y is with the oil cylinder chamber of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder (3,8) connect, so that controlled liquefaction cylinder recovers normal duty, enter next cycle of operation.Buffering elastic part 30 is Spring, shell fragment, gum elastic etc. have the function element that can make guiding valve return.

Further, in conjunction with different sliding valve structures and buffer requirements, the scheme of above-mentioned hydraulic damping device is entered by we Having gone further refinement, preferably 5 kinds of designs, details are as follows respectively:

Scheme 1: a kind of hydraulic damping device, as Figure 1-4, is provided with 2 signal indicatoies X, and trimmer valve Y is provided with 2 groups Guiding valve, corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies X respectively, 2 signal indicatoies X are separately positioned on oil cylinder chamber I 3 and the oil cylinder chamber of oil cylinder main body Z In II 8, and can be respectively by the movement of the guiding valve of signal oil circuit (16,35) control correspondence, by oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load With the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, the bidirectional buffering of oil cylinder can be realized. The structural principle of Fig. 1-4 overview display bidirectional hydraulic buffer unit and controlled liquefaction cylinder and effect schematic diagram, signal indicator X is eased up Rushing the critical piece that valve Y is buffer unit, oil cylinder main body Z is the main element of controlled liquefaction cylinder, is built by oil circuit each other Erecting interaction, the arrow in figure represents liquid stream direction and glide path.Oil cylinder main body Z includes cylinder body 2, piston rod 4, piston 6, cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, piston 6 and piston rod 4 are snug fit in the cavity of cylinder body 2 as a piston component, and piston 6 will The inner chamber of cylinder body 2 is divided into oil cylinder chamber I 3 and oil cylinder chamber II 8.Signal indicator X is by signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7) structure Become, signal chamber is separately positioned on cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, and can respectively with signal plug I and the signal plug II being arranged on piston both sides One_to_one corresponding is formed and is slidably matched；Trimmer valve Y is made up of valve body 10, guiding valve and buffering elastic part 30, and valve body 10 is provided with two groups The secondary valve opening II 19 of main valve hole and secondary valve opening, respectively main valve hole I 15/ main valve hole II 31 and secondary valve opening I 34/.The axle of main valve hole I 15 To being arranged at intervals with the main oil groove I 36 gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion and secondary oil groove I 11 side by side, main valve hole II 31 axial It is arranged at intervals with the main oil groove II 24 gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion and secondary oil groove II 27, secondary oil groove I 11 and main oil side by side Groove II 24 is communicated by connection oil duct I 26, and secondary oil groove II 27 communicates by connecting oil duct II 33 with main oil groove I 36.On valve body also It is provided with the secondary interface II 25 of external tapping and secondary interface, respectively external tapping I 14/ external tapping II 32 and secondary interface I 37/.Main valve hole I 15 and one end of main valve hole II 31 coaxially connect with secondary valve opening I 34 and pair valve opening II 19 respectively, the other end is the most respectively with external Mouth I 14 and external tapping II 32 connect, and external tapping connection is connected on main valve hole and with the next oily of main oil way of hydraulic system and oil return； Secondary interface I 37 and secondary interface II 25 are connected on main oil groove I 36 and main oil groove II 24, and by oil circuit respectively with oil cylinder master The oil cylinder chamber I 3 of body Z and oil cylinder chamber II 8 connect, and the signal chamber II 9 of 2 signal indicatoies X and signal chamber I 1 are divided by oil circuit Do not connect with secondary valve opening II 19 and secondary valve opening I 34, control the movement of corresponding guiding valve respectively.Guiding valve is divided into two groups, respectively guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18, the two structure is identical and is slidably fitted in respectively in two groups of main valve holes of valve body.One end of guiding valve is provided with Main valve face 28 and bullet part chamber 29, the other end is provided with secondary valve face 21 and the damping hole 20 in through heart portion, damping hole 20 and bullet part chamber 29 and main oil pocket 13 communicate, bullet part chamber 29 penetrates into the main valve face 28 of guiding valve by the radial direction main oil-hole 23 being radially arranged.Guiding valve Main valve face 28 coordinate with main valve hole (15,31), and secondary valve face 21 coordinates with secondary valve opening (34,19).The secondary valve face 21 of guiding valve Outside diameter is less than the outside diameter in its main valve face 28 and is connected on circular bead surface 42 with it, and is provided with repairing on circular bead surface 42 Hole 22 connects secondary oil pocket (40,41) and bullet part chamber 29.Buffering elastic part 30 compression is placed on bullet part chamber 29 and the external tapping of guiding valve Between (14,32), and slide valve rand face 42 pushing being against main valve hole (15,31) bottom, now guiding valve main valve face 28 is with corresponding Main valve hole (15,31) keep coordinating and this guiding valve radially main oil-hole 23 just with the main oil groove of this main valve hole (15,31) (24, 36) position aligns and is in the state of all-pass, and radially the valve port opening between main oil-hole 23 and main oil groove (24,36) reaches Greatly；Meanwhile the secondary oil groove (11,27) of this main valve hole (15,31) is then blocked by this guiding valve main valve face 28, this main valve hole The disconnected state of partition it is in, as shown in Figure 1-2 between secondary oil groove (11,27) and the bullet part chamber 29 of this guiding valve of (15,31). When this guiding valve thus position is moved to the other end of main valve hole, then this guiding valve radially main oil-hole 23 can be gradually distance from this main valve While the main oil groove in hole (24,36) to the secondary oil groove (11,27) of this main valve hole near and gradually with the secondary oil groove of this main valve hole (11,27) connect (as shown in Figure 3-4), until the main oil groove (24,36) of this main valve hole is blocked completely by this guiding valve main valve face 28 Live, make this main oil groove (24,36) completely isolated with the bullet part chamber 29 of this main valve hole (15,31) and this guiding valve.Two groups of guiding valves can divide Do not accept the control signal from corresponding signal indicator X, and then drive corresponding sliding to produce correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus The valve port opening size of regulation valve body internal spool valve and liquid stream direction, so make controlled liquefaction cylinder oil back chamber produce throttling back pressure and High pressure chest produces pressure release off-load, it is achieved the buffering of oil cylinder.

Details are as follows for concrete action principle:

Buffer unit includes signal indicator X and trimmer valve Y, and signal indicator X is arranged on oil cylinder chamber I 3 and the oil cylinder of oil cylinder main body Z Chamber II 8 is internal, and the signal chamber I 1 of signal indicator X and signal chamber II 9 are separately positioned on cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, and can be arranged on The signal plug I 5 of signal indicator X of piston 6 both sides and signal plug II 7 one_to_one corresponding are formed and are slidably matched, and produce control signal pressure Power oil is as the movement of control signal spool control valve of trimmer valve Y, and then controls the oil inlet and oil return pressure of oil cylinder thus reach regulation The purpose of oil cylinder piston buffering.

When piston remains static or although piston is kept in motion but signal plug I 5 not yet entering signal chamber I 1 Or time in signal plug II 7 not yet entering signal chamber II 9, the circular bead surface 42 of guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 is at buffering elastic part 30 Main valve hole (15,31) bottom (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), now guiding valve I 12 and the radial direction of guiding valve II 18 it is pressed on respectively under effect Main oil-hole 23 is in main oil groove I 36 and the center position of main oil groove II 24 the most respectively, and the opening of valve port of slide valve aperture 39 reaches The radial direction main oil-hole 23 of maximum, i.e. guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 keeps the opening of all-pass to communicate with main oil groove (36,24) respectively, Signal indicator X cannot produce control signal pressure oil this moment, therefore trimmer valve Y cannot be activated, and the state being in dormancy can not play Dash-control function.

When piston moves to the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 from oil cylinder chamber I 3, in signal plug II 7 not yet entering signal chamber Before II 9, guiding valve I 12 and the state of guiding valve II 18 and each oil duct liquid stream direction are as in figure 2 it is shown, hydraulic oil is through external tapping I 14, main valve The main oil pocket 13 in hole I 15, the bullet part chamber 29 of guiding valve I 12 and radial direction main oil-hole 23, main oil groove I 36, secondary interface I 37 and oil path in oil cylinder I 38 enter the oil cylinder chamber I few gauging of the 3(damping hole 20 through guiding valve I 12 of oil cylinder, signal oil circuit I 35 entrance oil cylinder chamber I 3), promote piston to move to the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8, and the fluid in oil cylinder chamber II 8 is oily through oil cylinder under piston promotes Road II 17, secondary interface II 25, main oil groove II 24, the radial direction main oil-hole 23 of guiding valve II 18 and bullet part chamber 29, the master of main valve hole II 31 Oil pocket 13 and external tapping II 32 are back to the few gauging of fuel tank W(and reflux through the damping hole 20 of signal oil circuit II 16 and guiding valve II 18 To fuel tank), and now secondary oil groove I 11 and secondary oil groove II 27 are closed by the main valve face 28 of guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 respectively, The path between secondary oil groove I 11 and guiding valve I 12 bullet part chamber and leading between secondary oil groove II 27 and guiding valve II 18 bullet part chamber are cut off Road, so that two-way hydraulic oil (the respectively oil-feed of oil cylinder and oil return) the most independent the most not phase of flowing in two groups of main valve holes Logical, keep the proper flow state as common oil cylinder oil inlet and oil return, drive pistons work, now oil cylinder chamber I 3 is high pressure Chamber, oil cylinder chamber II 8 is oil back chamber.

When piston continues to move to until during signal plug II 7 entering signal chamber II 9 (piston position as shown by the dash line in figure 2), Signal plug II 7 is just combined into signal indicator X and is separated from oil cylinder chamber II 8 in signal chamber II 9 with signal chamber II 9, is formed Independent space.The movement velocity assuming piston this moment is V₀, the oil pressure of oil cylinder chamber I 3 is P₃, the oil pressure of oil cylinder chamber II 8 is P₈, the oil pressure of signal chamber II 9 and secondary valve opening II 19 is P₉, P the most this moment₃=cylinder efficient pressure, P₈= P₉=tank drainback pressure=0 (being assumed to the ideal state of no pressure loss).Hereafter continuing to move to along with piston, the volume in signal chamber II 9 reduces, intracavity Fluid is compressed, pressure P₉Start to raise, form control signal pressure oil, and as control signal by signal oil circuit II 16 It is input to the secondary valve opening II 19 of trimmer valve Y.Further, the control pressure oil of secondary valve opening II 19 is entered except a part is by guiding valve II Damping hole 20 and the bullet part chamber 29 of 18 are back to outside fuel tank, and unnecessary part then forces guiding valve II 18 to overcome buffering elastic part resistance to exist Produce in main valve hole II 31 and slide, as it is shown on figure 3, thus cause between the radial direction main oil-hole 23 of guiding valve II 18 and main oil groove II 24 Flow area reduce, the opening of valve port of slide valve aperture 39 diminishes, produce throttling, make the oil return resistance of oil cylinder chamber II 8 increase, And then promote return pressure P₈Raising, the reverse resistance of piston movement strengthens, and forces the movement velocity of piston to reduce；Same with this Time, the radial direction main oil-hole 23 of guiding valve II 18 is gradually connected with secondary oil groove II 27, thus system high pressure oil can be made by guiding valve I 12 Radially main oil-hole 23, main oil groove I 36, connection oil duct II 33, secondary oil groove II 27, the radial direction main oil-hole 23 of guiding valve II 18 and bullet part chamber 29 are back to fuel tank, and system starts off-load, so that the oil pressure P of oil cylinder chamber I 3₃Reducing, the thrust of piston reduces, with from The oil return resistance of oil cylinder chamber II 8 together, forces piston movement speed V jointly₀Reduce.Meanwhile, piston movement speed V₀Reduction Can synchronize again to cause signal plug II 7 reduction of movement velocity in signal chamber II 9, so that being flowed into secondary valve opening by signal chamber II 9 The flow of the control signal pressure oil in II 19 starts to diminish, and then causes P₉Reduce, cause P₉The active force of guiding valve II 18 is subtracted Little, the stress of guiding valve II 18 changes, and guiding valve II 18 starts to make corresponding mobile thus adjusts the size of valve port opening To adapt to above change.Piston movement speed V₀And between the opening of valve port opening 39 be influence each other for a pair, coadapted Dynamic response relation, piston movement speed V₀The biggest, the oil mass that signal indicator X exports secondary valve opening II 19 is the biggest, guiding valve II 18 Moving displacement the biggest, thus the opening of valve port opening 39 is the least, and throttle resistance is the biggest, therefore returning suffered by piston Oil reversely resistance is the biggest, thus has just adapted to that piston movement speed is the biggest, inertia is the biggest, the deceleration buffer resistance of needs The biggest requirement, this just establishes the rational Dynamic Matching relation between cushioned resistance and piston movement speed, improves Damper mass.In whole buffering course, piston movement speed V when buffering starts₀Maximum, corresponding, valve port opening The opening of 39 can be adjusted to rapidly minimum, obtains maximum oil return resistance with correspondence.Along with V₀Be gradually reduced, valve port opening 39 Opening can become larger, thus reduce oil return resistance to mate V₀Reduction.Work as V₀It is reduced to a certain critical numerical value V₁Time, as Fruit now can be drained by damping hole 20 completely from the control signal pressure oil in signal chamber II 9, so that controlling Signal pressure oil does not has unnecessary oil mass to promote guiding valve II 18 to move, then, this moment, guiding valve II 18 is just at P₃、P₈、P₉Gentle Rush bullet part and jointly act on the state being issued to a geo-stationary balance, speed V that piston also will keep relative stability₁Motion is straight To stroke end, piston stop motion, buffering course terminates, guiding valve II 18 just under the effect of buffering elastic part 30 self-return arrive Original state.The effect in repairing hole 22 is: when guiding valve II 18 moves, and hydraulic oil can fill secondary oil pocket II 40 by repairing hole 22 Space.

The critical numerical value V of piston movement speed₁Buffering effect, V can be represented₁The least, when piston stroke ends mechanical collision Power is the least, and buffering effect is the best.Critical numerical value V₁Influence factor include that the assembling of the coefficient of elasticity of buffering elastic part, bullet part is pre- Compression stress, damping hole aperture, signal chamber active area, secondary valve opening aperture, can set critical numerical value by adjusting factors above V₁Size.Theoretically, critical movement velocity V of piston₁May be adjusted to close to zero.

Increase the active area ratio with the active area of secondary valve opening in signal chamber, reduce the latus rectum of damping hole, reduction buffering The coefficient of elasticity of bullet part and pretightning force are all conducive to improving the reaction sensitivity of buffer gear；Less signal chamber diameter can obtain Bigger oil back chamber effective back pressure area.

The above be the piston of oil cylinder main body Z from oil cylinder chamber I 3 to the motion of the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 until piston During stroke end, the cushioning effect principle of buffer unit.In this buffering course, it is positioned at the letter of oil cylinder chamber II 8 Number device X plays a role, and spool control valve II 18 completes a series of action of giving.When piston again from oil cylinder chamber II 8 to oil cylinder chamber Room I 3 adverse movement is until during terminal, buffer unit signal indicator X in oil cylinder chamber I 3 can play a role, and controls correspondence Guiding valve I 12 completes a series of corresponding action of giving, as shown in Figure 4.Its cushioning effect principle is consistent with the above, the heaviest at this Multiple.

Further, guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 in scheme shown in Fig. 1-4 equivalence can replace with spool I 12a, as Shown in Fig. 5.Spool I 12a mainly removes guiding valve I 12 and two feature pair valve faces 21 of guiding valve II 18 and repairing hole 22, Remaining structure is constant.Fig. 5 be guiding valve change rear buffering device buffering duty structural principle schematic diagram, its working mechanism with Aforementioned unanimously, be not repeated at this.

Further, for scheme shown in Fig. 1-5, can be between external tapping I 14 and signal chamber I 1 and/or external tapping II Check valve 43 is set between 32 and signal chamber II 9, makes hydraulic oil be on shape on the direction flowing to signal chamber from external tapping State, on the contrary then end, as shown in fig. 6-7.The purpose of do so is: when piston movement to stroke end adverse movement again, can Make walk around damping hole 20 from the hydraulic oil of external tapping and then directly filled to the signal chamber of signal indicator X rapidly by check valve 43 Oil, it is to avoid cause the signal chamber can not be the most oil-filled because damping hole throttling.

Further, change over multiple after the structure of guiding valve I 12, guiding valve II 18 and spool I 12a can be made suitably correction Close valve pocket, then replace check valve 43 with unidirectional valve rod and integrate composition combination valve F with compound valve pocket, making combination valve F While maintaining original guiding valve function, also possess the function of check valve 43, thus instead of original cunning with combination valve F Valve I 12, guiding valve II 18 and check valve 43, as shown in Figure 8.Compound valve pocket remains bullet part chamber 29 and the main valve face of corresponding former spool Whole features on 28, eliminate secondary valve face 21, and are pilot hole 50 or starting taper hole 50a by the borehole enlargement of damping hole 20, with Arranging the coaxial counterbore 47 inwardly concaved on Shi Qi end face i.e. circular bead surface 42, counterbore 47 can be divided into again band repairing hole 22 and not 22 two kinds of band repairing hole structure, according to counterbore and pilot hole or the difference in starting taper hole, divides into compound valve pocket I by compound valve pocket 18a, compound valve pocket II 18b and tri-kinds of structures of compound valve pocket III 18c.Both also carried with repairing hole on the counterbore of compound valve pocket I 18a There is pilot hole, without repairing hole but with pilot hole on the counterbore of compound valve pocket II 18b, on the counterbore of compound valve pocket III 18c both With repairing hole also with starting taper hole；Unidirectional valve rod can be divided into unidirectional valve rod I 21a, unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c And unidirectional tetra-kinds of versions of valve rod IV 21d, 4 kinds of combination valve F can be combined as with corresponding compound valve pocket, be respectively as follows: combination valve I F1, combination valve II F2, combination valve III F3, combination valve IV F4, respectively as shown in partial enlarged drawing K1, K2, K3, K4 in Fig. 9.

Combination valve I F1 includes compound valve pocket I 18a, unidirectional valve rod I 21a and check valve bullet part 46, as the local in Fig. 9 is put Shown in big figure K1.Unidirectional valve rod I 21a is the cylinder that a cylindrical wears a bullet part convex shoulder 49, and lead 44 and piston boit 19b divide It is not positioned at the both sides of bullet part convex shoulder and is slidably fitted in pilot hole 50 and the secondary valve opening of valve body 10 of compound valve pocket I 18a respectively, The axle center of unidirectional valve rod I 21a is provided with through damping hole 20 and fast oil-filled road 48, and damping hole 20 is positioned at outside piston boit 19b End portion also connects with the fast oil-filled road 48 of the other end, and fast oil-filled road 48 is provided with in the one end near damping hole 20 and radially fills soon Hole 45, fast oil-filled road 48 is communicated to outer surface by filling hole 45 soon；Check valve bullet part 46 is compressed coaxially is assemblied in piston boit 19b On, its one end is against on bullet part convex shoulder 49, and the other end is against on the end face inside secondary valve opening, and is pressed on by bullet part convex shoulder 49 multiple Close bottom the counterbore 47 of valve pocket I 18a；In order to match with combination valve I F1, the outer end portion of the secondary valve opening of valve body 10 be also provided with by The fast oil-filled groove 19a, fast oil-filled groove 19a that radial outward expansion is formed is connected with the signal chamber of corresponding signal indicator X by oil circuit.Live Stick harness 19b is slidably fitted in secondary valve opening, and under normal circumstances, the collar extension filling hole 45 soon by secondary valve bore closure thus has cut off and filled soon Connection between hole 45 and fast oil-filled groove 19a, fills soon so that the fluid in fast oil-filled road 48 can only be flowed into by damping hole 20 Oil groove 19a, under this state, check valve is to close.When unidirectional valve rod I 21a moves to the direction of fast oil-filled groove 19a, fill hole soon The collar extension of 45 can progressively disengage the closing of secondary valve opening and enter in fast oil-filled groove 19a, and check valve is opened, the oil in fast oil-filled road 48 Liquid can be by filling hole 45 and fast oil-filled groove 19a quickly to the signal chamber fuel feeding of signal indicator X, as shown in figure 11 soon.Check valve bullet Part 46 has, for spring, shell fragment, gum elastic etc., the function element that can make unidirectional valve rod return.

The working mechanism of combination valve I F1 is as follows:

As shown in Figure 8, generally, combination valve I F1 its circular bead surface 42 under buffering elastic part effect can be against main valve hole Bottom, the bullet part convex shoulder 49 of unidirectional valve rod I 21a is then against compound valve pocket I 18a under the bullet part power effect of check valve bullet part 46 Counterbore base, piston boit 19b is slidably fitted in secondary valve opening, and the collar extension filling hole 45 soon by secondary valve bore closure thus has cut off fast Filling the connection between hole 45 and fast oil-filled groove 19a, check valve is closed.When combination valve I F1 is in buffer status, with As a example by the buffering of oil cylinder chamber II one end, as shown in Figure 10, after buffering starts, unidirectional valve rod I 21a can be at control signal pressure oil Effect lower promote compound valve pocket I 18a to overcome the resistance of buffering elastic part to slide in main valve hole, its buffering course and cushioning principle Completely the same with shown in earlier figures 3, it is not repeated at this.In whole buffering course, check valve is closed all the time, buffering After end, combination valve I F1 self-return is to original state.When piston adverse movement again, as shown in figure 11, from external tapping II 32 The pressure oil part come can enter oil cylinder chamber II by secondary interface II 25 and oil path in oil cylinder II 17, and another part can promote Unidirectional valve rod I 21a overcomes the resistance of check valve bullet part 46 to move to the direction of fast oil-filled groove 19a, and then makes to fill hole 45 soon and enter In fast oil-filled groove 19a and in communication, check valve is opened, thus can make this partial pressure oil further by fast oil-filled road 48, Fill hole 45, fast oil-filled groove 19a and signal oil circuit II 16 soon quickly to signal chamber 9 fuel feeding of signal indicator X.Signal chamber fuel feeding terminates After, unidirectional valve rod I 21a can under the effect of check valve bullet part 46 self-return, check valve is re-closing off.

Combination valve II F2 includes compound valve pocket II 18b, unidirectional valve rod II 21b and check valve bullet part 46, its structure and combination Valve I F1 is similar to, and as shown in the partial enlarged drawing K2 in Fig. 9, mainly changes into: by the repairing hole 22 of combination valve I F1 from combination valve Overlapping and have been moved on unidirectional valve rod I 21a on I 18a, compound valve pocket I 18a becomes compound valve pocket II 18b after removing repairing hole 22, unidirectional Valve rod I 21a becomes unidirectional valve rod II at its piston boit 19b after the position of bullet part convex shoulder 49 with the addition of radial direction repairing hole 22 21b, fast oil-filled road 48 is communicated to outer surface by radially repairing hole 22, and remaining structure is identical with combination valve I F1, acts on former Manage the most completely the same, be not repeated at this.

Combination valve III F3 includes compound valve pocket I 18a, unidirectional valve rod III 21c and check valve bullet part 46, such as the local in Fig. 9 Shown in enlarged drawing K3.Compared with combination valve I F1, unidirectional valve rod I 21a is replaced for check valve bar III 21c, eliminates valve simultaneously The fast oil-filled groove 19a of body 10.Unidirectional valve rod III 21c is similar with the structure of unidirectional valve rod I 21a, and difference is: unidirectional valve rod The damping hole 20 of III 21c and fill hole 45 soon and be arranged on lead one end, and fast oil-filled road 48 is arranged on piston boit one end, remaining is not Become.When the lead 44 of unidirectional valve rod III 21c coordinates in the pilot hole 50 of compound valve pocket I 18a and its bullet part convex shoulder 49 is against Time bottom the counterbore 47 of compound valve pocket I 18a, its collar extension filling hole 45 soon can be positioned at pilot hole 50 and be entirely covered closing, single It is closed to valve.When cylinder buffer terminates and then during piston adverse movement again, and unidirectional valve rod III 21c promotes at pressure oil It is mobile that lower meeting overcomes the resistance of check valve bullet part to start, so make the collar extension filling hole 45 soon gradually remove pilot hole 50 hence into In counterbore 47 and in communication, check valve is opened, and pressure oil will pass through repairing hole 22, counterbore 47, fills hole 45, fast oil-filled road 48 soon And signal oil circuit II 16 rapidly enters signal chamber II 9, complete to fill soon function, as shown in figure 12.The cushioning effect of combination valve III F3 Principle is completely the same with aforementioned combinatorial valve I F1, is not repeated at this.

Combination valve IV F4 includes compound valve pocket III 18c, unidirectional valve rod IV 21d and check valve bullet part 46, with combination valve III F3 Comparing, Main change is: the lead 44 of unidirectional valve rod has become guide cone 44a, and small end outwardly, and is combined the pilot hole of valve pocket 50 become starting taper hole 50a and coordinate with the guide cone 44a of unidirectional valve rod, and remaining structure is constant, such as the partial enlargement in Fig. 9 Shown in figure K4.The action principle of combination valve IV F4 is completely the same with combination valve III F3, is not repeated at this.

Scheme 2: a kind of hydraulic damping device, as shown in figures 13-18, is provided with 2 signal indicatoies X, and trimmer valve Y is provided with 2 Group guiding valve, corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies X respectively, 2 signal indicatoies X are separately positioned on oil cylinder chamber I 3 and the oil cylinder chamber of oil cylinder main body Z In room II 8, and can be respectively by the movement of the guiding valve of signal oil circuit (16,35) control correspondence, by the oil cylinder oil back chamber throttling back of the body The mode of pressure, controls the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, can realize the bidirectional buffering of oil cylinder.Structure with Fig. 1-4 Comparing, primary structure is changed to: valve body 10 main valve hole I 15 and main valve hole II 31 on only remain main oil groove I 36 and main oil Groove II 24, eliminates secondary oil groove I 11, secondary oil groove II 27, connection oil duct I 26, connection oil duct II 33, and guiding valve can use guiding valve I 12(guiding valve II 18), spool I 12a, spool II 12b, tetra-kinds of structures of spool III 12c, remaining holding is constant.Spool I 12a is guiding valve I 12 or the deformation of guiding valve II 18, mainly remove guiding valve I 12 or two feature pair valve faces 21 of guiding valve II 18 and repairing hole 22, remaining structure keeps constant；Spool II 12b is to remove, on the basis of guiding valve I 12 or guiding valve II 18, the footpath being radially arranged To main oil-hole 23, remaining structure keeps constant；Spool III 12c is to remove secondary valve on the basis of guiding valve I 12 or guiding valve II 18 Face 21, repairing hole 22 and radial direction 23 3 features of main oil-hole, remaining structure keeps constant.

Figure 13-14 uses guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18.Figure 13 is buffer unit guiding valve and master under normal non-buffered state The position of valve opening coordinates schematic diagram, and now the circular bead surface 42 of guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 compresses under the effect of buffering elastic part 30 In main valve hole (15,31) bottom, the radial direction main oil-hole 23 of guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 is in main oil groove I 36 the most respectively With the center position of main oil groove II 24, the opening of valve port opening 39 reaches maximum, i.e. radially main oil-hole 23 respectively with main oil groove I 36 With the state that main oil groove II 24 keeps all-pass.Guiding valve under the state that Figure 14 is the signal chamber II 9 performance pooling feature of buffer unit Coordinate schematic diagram with the position of main valve hole, now guiding valve II 18 under control signal pressure oil promotes towards the side of external tapping II 32 To creating movement, the opening of the valve port opening 39 of guiding valve II 18 is caused to taper into, so that the main oil of the radial direction of guiding valve II 18 Flow area between hole 23 and main oil groove II 24 is gradually reduced, and then makes oil back chamber produce throttling back pressure, it is achieved delaying of oil cylinder Punching.Compared with the slide valve function of Fig. 1-4, this programme does not has high pressure chest pressure release unloading function, and remaining working mechanism is consistent with the above, It is not repeated at this.

Further, the guiding valve I 12 of scheme shown in Figure 13-14 and guiding valve II 18 can be replaced spool I 12a, remaining structure Keep constant, as shown in figure 15.Figure 15 is state bottom spool I 12a and the master of the signal chamber II 9 performance pooling feature of buffer unit The position of valve opening coordinates schematic diagram, and its working mechanism is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Further, the guiding valve I 12 of scheme shown in Figure 13-14 and guiding valve II 18 can be replaced spool II 12b, the most main oil The position of groove I 36 and main oil groove II 24 suitably offsets to the direction of external tapping I 14 and external tapping II 32 respectively, to adapt to spool Change, remaining structure keeps constant, as shown in figs. 16-17.Figure 16 is that buffer unit is at normal non-buffered state bottom spool II 12b Schematic diagram is coordinated, outside main oil groove (24,36) is positioned at the covering in main valve face 28 under this state and be in complete with the position of main valve hole Logical state；Figure 17 is that the signal chamber II 9 of buffer unit plays state bottom spool II 12b of pooling feature and the position of main valve hole Coordinating schematic diagram, under this state, main oil groove II 24 is gradually covered by main valve face 28, and the opening of valve port opening 39 tapers into, enter And make oil cylinder oil back chamber produce throttling back pressure, it is achieved the buffering of oil cylinder.Its working mechanism is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Further, spool II 12b of scheme shown in Figure 16-17 can be replaced spool III 12c, and remaining structure keeps not Become, as shown in figure 18.Figure 18 is state bottom spool III 12c and the main valve hole of the signal chamber II 9 performance pooling feature of buffer unit Position coordinate schematic diagram, its working mechanism is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Further, for scheme shown in Figure 13-18, can be between external tapping I 14 and signal chamber I 1 and/or external tapping Check valve 43 is set between II 32 and signal chamber II 9, makes hydraulic oil be on the direction flowing to signal chamber from external tapping State, on the contrary then end, as shown in figure 19.The purpose of do so is: when piston movement to stroke end adverse movement again, can Make walk around damping hole 20 from the hydraulic oil of external tapping and then directly filled to the signal chamber of signal indicator X rapidly by check valve 43 Oil.

Further, be referred to the improved method shown in earlier figures 9, by the guiding valve I 12 of above-mentioned Figure 19, guiding valve II 18, Spool I 12a, spool II 12b and spool III 12c change over compound valve pocket, then replace check valve 43 and with multiple with unidirectional valve rod Close valve pocket and integrate composition combination valve F, make combination valve F while maintaining original guiding valve function, also possessed unidirectional The function of valve 43, thus instead of original guiding valve I 12, guiding valve II 18, spool I 12a, spool II 12b, spool with combination valve F III 12c and check valve 43；Combination valve F is optional uses unidirectional valve rod I 21a, unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c, list To tetra-kinds of unidirectional stem structures of valve rod IV 21d, its action principle is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Scheme 3: a kind of hydraulic damping device, as illustrated in figs. 20-24, is provided with 2 signal indicatoies X, and trimmer valve Y is provided with 2 Group guiding valve, corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies X respectively, 2 signal indicatoies X are separately positioned on oil cylinder chamber I 3 and the oil cylinder chamber of oil cylinder main body Z In room II 8, and can be unloaded by oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release respectively by the movement of the guiding valve of signal oil circuit (16,35) control correspondence The mode of lotus, controls the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, can realize the bidirectional buffering of oil cylinder.With side shown in Fig. 1-4 Case is compared, and main structure is changed to: guiding valve has been respectively adopted spool IV 12d, spool V 12e, tri-kinds of structures of spool VI 12f； Oil circuit connected mode also there occurs change, and the signal chamber II 9 of 2 signal indicatoies X and signal chamber I 1 are by signal oil circuit (16,35) point Not connecting with secondary valve opening I 34 and secondary valve opening II 19, remaining structure keeps constant.

Figure 20-21 uses spool IV 12d, and compared with the guiding valve I 12 that Fig. 1-4 is used, radially main oil-hole 23 is by single change For double, being respectively radially relief hole 23a and radially time oilhole 23b, the two keeps at a certain distance away along valve core axis and is set up in parallel. Radially relief hole 23a is near damping hole 20 one end, and under the normal operating conditions of oil cylinder non-buffered, its external port is by main valve hole (15,31) are closed, in radially time oilhole 23b is then always positioned at the secondary oil groove (11,27) of corresponding main valve hole, as shown in figure 20. Figure 21 is that state bottom spool IV 12d of the signal chamber II 9 performance pooling feature of buffer unit coordinates signal with the position of main valve hole Figure, spool IV 12d moves to external tapping I 14 under the promotion of control signal pressure oil, make radially relief hole 23a gradually with main oil Groove I 36 connects, thus causes the hydraulic oil from external tapping II 32 can be by connection oil duct II 33, radially relief hole 23a and outer Interface I 14 is back to fuel tank, it is achieved that the purpose of high pressure chest pressure release off-load, and the meanwhile secondary oilhole 23b of the radial direction of this guiding valve In being then always positioned at secondary oil groove I 11 and keep the state of normal open with it, it is ensured that the oil return of oil cylinder oil back chamber is unimpeded.Buffering terminates After, guiding valve self-return, piston enters next stroke, and the signal indicator of the oil cylinder other end controls another group guiding valve performance buffering and makees With, its operation principle is similar to above, is not repeated at this.

Further, spool IV 12d of scheme shown in Figure 20-21 can be replaced spool V 12e, and spool V 12e is at valve Eliminating secondary valve face 21 and these 2 features of repairing hole 22 on the basis of core IV 12d, remaining structure keeps constant, as shown in figure 22, Its working mechanism is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Further, spool IV 12d of scheme shown in Figure 20-21 can be replaced spool VI 12f, and remaining structure keeps not Become, as shown in figs. 23-24.Spool VI 12f is cylinder, and core one end arranges damping hole 20, and the other end arranges bullet part chamber 29, the two communicates.Being provided with annular groove 51 on the main valve face of damping hole one end, bullet part chamber 29 is by the radial direction main oil-hole being radially arranged 23 penetrate on main valve face and keep the state of normal open with corresponding secondary oil groove (11,27).Under non-buffered state, often organize spool Annular groove 51 respectively with main oil groove (36,24) holding position corresponding to group just to and simultaneously with the secondary oil groove (11,27) organized Stagger and be in disconnected partition state, as shown in figure 23 in position.Figure 24 is that the signal chamber II 9 of buffer unit plays pooling feature State under, spool VI 12f coordinates schematic diagram with the position of main valve hole, spool VI 12f under control signal pressure oil effect to External tapping 14 moves, so that the annular groove 51 of this spool is while keeping connecting with the main oil groove I 36 of same group, the most gradually with same group Secondary oil groove I 11 connection so that main oil groove I 36 and secondary oil groove I 11 with group are through by annular groove 51, and by radially Main oil-hole 23, connects, with oil return, the oil sump tank that confluxes by system oil-feed, it is achieved the purpose of high pressure chest pressure release off-load.Figure 24 arrow Head indicates the liquid stream direction under this state and route, is not repeated at this.

Further, for scheme shown in Figure 20-24, as shown in figure 25, can in secondary interface II 25 and signal chamber II 9 it Between and/or secondary interface I 37 and signal chamber I 1 between check valve 43 is set, make hydraulic oil in the direction flowing to signal chamber from secondary interface Upper in the conduction state, on the contrary then end.The purpose of do so is: when piston movement to stroke end adverse movement again, can Make to walk around damping hole 20 and then the most oil-filled to the signal chamber of signal indicator X by check valve 43 from the hydraulic oil of external tapping, keep away Exempt from because damping hole throttling and cause signal chamber can not timely oil-filled time produce bigger negative pressure.Figure 25 illustrates signal chamber I 1 in buffering Terminating quick oil-filled principle during back piston adverse movement, the arrow in figure indicates flow direction and the route of fluid, is System comes oily from external tapping II 32 entrance trimmer valve, then flows out trimmer valve from secondary interface I 37, pushes check valve 43 further open, enter Enter signal chamber I 1, it is achieved the purpose that signal chamber is the most oil-filled.

Further, it is referred to the improved method shown in earlier figures 9, by above-mentioned spool IV 12d, spool V 12e and valve After core VI 12f does part change, by integrated thereon for described check valve 43, form combination valve F, maintaining original guiding valve function While, also possess the function of check valve 43, thus realized the purpose that signal chamber is the most oil-filled.Combination valve F is optional to be used Unidirectional valve rod I 21a, unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c, tetra-kinds of unidirectional stem structures of unidirectional valve rod IV 21d, its effect Principle is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Scheme 4: a kind of hydraulic damping device, is provided with 1 signal indicator X, and trimmer valve Y is provided with 1 group of guiding valve, signal indicator X It is arranged in oil cylinder chamber I 3 or the oil cylinder chamber II 8 of oil cylinder main body Z, by the movement of signal oil circuit spool control valve, by oil Cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, can be real The one-way buffer of existing oil cylinder.The structural principle signal of Figure 26-27 overview display one-way hydraulic buffer unit and controlled liquefaction cylinder Figure, uses guiding valve I 12, and the signal chamber in example is arranged on the oil cylinder chamber I of oil cylinder, and oil cylinder with controllable piston is at oil cylinder chamber I The buffering of stroke terminal.Figure 26 is that buffer unit guiding valve I 12 under normal non-buffered state coordinates signal with the position of main valve hole Figure and liquid stream direction, Figure 27 is that under buffer status, guiding valve I 12 coordinates schematic diagram and liquid stream direction, its work with the position of main valve hole Mechanism is completely the same with Fig. 1-4, is not repeated at this.

Further, the guiding valve I 12 of scheme shown in Figure 26-27 can be replaced spool I 12a, and remaining structure keeps constant, and Maintain same slide valve function, as shown in figure 28.Its working mechanism is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

Further, for scheme shown in Figure 26-28, can check valve 43 be set between external tapping and signal chamber, makes Hydraulic oil is in the conduction state on the direction flowing to signal chamber from external tapping, otherwise then ends, as shown in figure 29.Do so Purpose is: when piston movement to stroke end adverse movement again, can make to walk around damping hole 20 from the hydraulic oil of external tapping and enter And the most oil-filled to the signal chamber of signal indicator X by check valve 43, it is to avoid cause the signal chamber can not because damping hole throttling The most oil-filled.

Further, it is referred to the improved method shown in earlier figures 9, above-mentioned guiding valve I 12 and spool I 12a are done part After change, by integrated thereon for described check valve 43, form combination valve F, while maintaining original guiding valve function, also possess The function of check valve 43, thus realize the purpose that signal chamber is the most oil-filled.Combination valve F unidirectional valve rod I 21a of optional employing, Unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c, tetra-kinds of unidirectional stem structures of unidirectional valve rod IV 21d, its structural principle and aforementioned Cause, be not repeated at this.

Scheme 5: a kind of hydraulic damping device, is provided with 1 signal indicator X, and trimmer valve Y is provided with 1 group of guiding valve, signal indicator X It is arranged in oil cylinder chamber I 3 or the oil cylinder chamber II 8 of oil cylinder main body Z, and can be by signal oil circuit (16,35) spool control valve Mobile, by the way of oil cylinder oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, oil cylinder can be realized One-way buffer.The structural principle schematic diagram of this one-way hydraulic buffer unit of Figure 30-33 overview display and controlled liquefaction cylinder, figure In be arranged on the oil cylinder chamber I 3 of oil cylinder by signal chamber as a example by, guiding valve can use the guiding valve I shown in aforementioned schemes 2 (Figure 13-18) 12, spool I 12a, spool II 12b, tetra-kinds of structures of spool III 12c, oil cylinder with controllable piston is at oil cylinder chamber I 3 stroke terminal Buffering, has the guiding valve technical ability identical with scheme 2 and action principle, is not repeated at this.

Further, for scheme shown in Figure 30-33, can check valve 43 be set between external tapping and signal chamber, makes Hydraulic oil is in the conduction state on the direction flowing to signal chamber from external tapping, otherwise then ends, as shown in figure 34.Do so Purpose is: when piston movement to stroke end adverse movement again, can make to walk around damping hole 20 from the hydraulic oil of external tapping and enter And the most oil-filled to the signal chamber of signal indicator X by check valve 43, it is to avoid cause the signal chamber can not because damping hole throttling The timely bigger negative pressure of oil-filled generation.

Further, it is referred to the improved method shown in earlier figures 9, by above-mentioned guiding valve I 12, spool I 12a, spool II After 12b and spool III 12c does part change, by integrated thereon for described check valve 43, form combination valve F, original maintaining While guiding valve function, also possess the function of check valve 43, thus realized the purpose that signal chamber is the most oil-filled.Combination valve F can Select to use unidirectional valve rod I 21a, unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c, tetra-kinds of unidirectional valve rod knots of unidirectional valve rod IV 21d Structure, its structural principle is consistent with the above, is not repeated at this.

A kind of cushion cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1-34, including oil cylinder main body Z and connection oil circuit.Oil cylinder main body Z include cylinder body 2, Piston rod 4, piston 6, cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A are connected to the two ends of cylinder body 2, piston 6 and piston rod 4 and make Being that a component slippage is matched with in the cavity of cylinder body 2, the lumen segmentation of cylinder body 2 is become oil cylinder chamber I 3 and oil cylinder chamber by piston 6 Room II 8, it is characterised in that: this cushion cylinder includes any of the above-described described hydraulic damping device (as shown in Fig. 1-34), should The trimmer valve Y of buffer unit is integrated or is assemblied in oil cylinder main body Z, signal indicator X be arranged on oil cylinder main body Z oil cylinder chamber (3, 8) in, and control signal pressure oil can be produced when oil cylinder piston is close to stroke end as control signal control trimmer valve Y's Guiding valve moves, and then controls to adjust oil-feed and/or the return pressure of oil cylinder, by oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and/or oil return The mode of chamber throttling back pressure, controls the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved the buffering of oil cylinder.Concrete is worked Journey and action principle have been described in detail in hydraulic damping device above, are not repeated at this.

Further, the trimmer valve Y of described hydraulic damping device is integrated or is assemblied on cylinder head B or cylinder bottom A, trimmer valve Y Valve opening axis be located parallel to the same plane of oil cylinder axis in and be perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis；Wherein for having two The trimmer valve Y of group valve opening, its two valve opening axis be parallel to each other and the main valve hole of two groups of valve openings and secondary valve opening in a reverse direction Arrangement so that it is in one group of main valve hole main oil groove with another group main valve hole secondary oil groove position in the plane being perpendicular to valve opening axis Put relatively.

Further, the trimmer valve Y of described hydraulic damping device is integrated or is assemblied on cylinder head B or cylinder bottom A, trimmer valve Y Valve opening axis be located normal to the same plane of oil cylinder axis in and be parallel to each other and be perpendicular to oil cylinder axis.

Further, two groups of guiding valves of the trimmer valve Y of described hydraulic damping device can be split as two parts, often a part Comprise one group of guiding valve, the most integrated or be assemblied on cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, middle connected by pipeline, two axles of two groups of guiding valves In line is located parallel to the same plane of oil cylinder axis and be parallel to each other and be perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis.

Further, two groups of guiding valves of the trimmer valve Y of described hydraulic damping device can be split as two parts, often a part Comprise one group of guiding valve, the most integrated or be assemblied on cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, middle connected by pipeline, two axles of two groups of guiding valves Line was positioned at the same plane of oil cylinder axis and was parallel to each other and is perpendicular to oil cylinder axis.

Further, the signal plug (5,7) of signal indicator X can become one with piston or piston rod, such as Figure 35,44 institutes Show；High-abrasive material or elastomeric material (such as nylon, copper, rubber etc.) can also be selected to make single part and be assemblied in piston or work On stopper rod, as shown in figure 48.

The cushioning principle of cushion cylinder is detailed above as a example by single-piston rod oil cylinder, when oil cylinder is double piston-rod, its The structure of two oil cylinder chambers is similar with oil cylinder chamber I 3, and its structural principle, as single-piston rod oil cylinder, is not repeated at this.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, establish valve port opening and cushioned resistance and transport with piston Rational dynamic response relation between dynamic speed, buffering controllability and adaptivity are good, improve stable buffering and buffering Effect；2, setting up of signal indicator makes buffer gear become relatively easy, reliable, and structure is arranged convenient, also reduces parts mill Damage the impact on buffering effect, extend the buffer gear life-span, improve buffer gear reliability；3, more efficiently avoid The impact of oil cylinder, improves the whole service life of oil cylinder.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the present invention program 1: the structural principle schematic diagram of a kind of hydraulic damping device and cushion cylinder, and guiding valve is for sliding Valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18, oil cylinder is in rest position.

Fig. 2 is the structural principle schematic diagram that Fig. 1 oil cylinder is in normal operating conditions, oil cylinder piston just from oil cylinder chamber I 3 to The direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 is moved but signal plug II 7 not yet entering signal chamber II 9, and buffering course not yet starts.Figure is used arrow Indicate the liquid stream direction under this state and glide path.

Fig. 3 is along with the movement of piston in Fig. 2, and signal plug II 7 has been enter into signal chamber II 9, and buffer gear is playing slow The structural principle schematic diagram of punching effect, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and glide path.

Fig. 4 is after the buffering course of Fig. 3 terminates, piston adverse movement more i.e. from oil cylinder chamber II 8 to oil cylinder chamber I 3 Direction is moved and signal plug I 5 comes into signal chamber I 1, and buffer gear is playing the structural principle signal of cushioning effect Figure, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and glide path.

Fig. 5 is the replacement scheme of Fig. 1-4, and the guiding valve I 12 of Fig. 1-4 and guiding valve II 18 have replaced to spool I 12a, Fig. 5 institute The cylinder efficient state shown is consistent with Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the improvement project of Fig. 1-4, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram state is After cylinder buffer process terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber I 3 from oil cylinder chamber II 8, signal chamber II 9 start the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and flowing road Line.

Fig. 7 is the improvement project of Fig. 5, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram state is oil After cylinder buffering course terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber I 3 from oil cylinder chamber II 8, signal chamber II 9 start the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and glide path.

Fig. 8 is that Fig. 6-7 improves further, and the check valve 43 in Fig. 6-7 is integrated formation combination valve with guiding valve by Fig. 8 F, combination valve F have tetra-kinds of versions of F1, F2, F3, F4.

Fig. 9 is enlarged drawing at the K of Fig. 8 combination valve F, F1, F2, F3, F4 tetra-of the most corresponding combination valve F of K1, K2, K3, K4 Plant version.

Figure 10 is the structural principle schematic diagram that the buffer gear of Fig. 8 oil cylinder chamber II 8 one end is playing cushioning effect, figure In indicated by an arrow go out liquid stream direction under this state and glide path.

Figure 11 is after the buffering course of Figure 10 terminates, piston adverse movement more i.e. from oil cylinder chamber II 8 to oil cylinder chamber I 3 Direction when moving, as a example by combination valve F1, illustrate signal chamber II 9 and start the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, in figure Indicated by an arrow go out liquid stream direction under this state and glide path.

Figure 12 is after the buffering course of Figure 10 terminates, piston adverse movement more i.e. from oil cylinder chamber II 8 to oil cylinder chamber I 3 Direction when moving, as a example by combination valve F3, illustrate signal chamber II 9 and start the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, in figure Indicated by an arrow go out liquid stream direction under this state and glide path.

Figure 13 is the present invention program 2: the structural principle schematic diagram of a kind of hydraulic damping device and cushion cylinder, and guiding valve is for sliding Valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18, oil cylinder is in rest position.

When Figure 14 is that Figure 13 piston moves to oil cylinder chamber II and signal plug II 7 has been enter into signal chamber II 9, buffer gear Playing the structural principle schematic diagram of cushioning effect, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and flowing road Line.

Figure 15 is the replacement scheme of Figure 13-14, the guiding valve I 12 of Figure 13-14 has been replaced to spool I 12a, shown in Figure 15 Cylinder efficient state is consistent with Figure 14.

Figure 16-17 is the replacement scheme of Figure 13-14, and the guiding valve I 12 of Figure 13-14 has been replaced to spool II 12b, Tu17Suo The cylinder efficient state shown is consistent with Figure 14.

Figure 18 is the replacement scheme of Figure 16-17, and spool II 12b of Figure 16-17 has been replaced to spool III 12c, Tu18Suo The cylinder efficient state shown is consistent with Figure 17.

Figure 19 is the improvement project of Figure 13-18, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram shape State is after cylinder buffer process terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber I 3 from oil cylinder chamber II 8, and letter Number chamber II 9 starts the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and stream Dynamic route.

Figure 20 is the present invention program 3: the structural principle schematic diagram of a kind of hydraulic damping device and cushion cylinder, and guiding valve is valve Core IV 12d, oil cylinder is in rest position.

When Figure 21 is that Figure 20 piston moves to oil cylinder chamber II and signal plug II 7 has been enter into signal chamber II 9, buffer gear Playing the structural principle schematic diagram of cushioning effect, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and flowing road Line.

Figure 22 is the replacement scheme of Figure 20-21, and spool IV 12d of Figure 20-21 has been replaced to spool V 12e, Tu22Suo The cylinder efficient state shown is consistent with Figure 21.

Figure 23 is the replacement scheme of Figure 20-21, and spool IV 12d of Figure 20-21 has been replaced to spool VI 12f, Tu23Suo The cylinder efficient state shown is consistent with Figure 20.

When Figure 24 is that Figure 23 piston moves to oil cylinder chamber II and signal plug II 7 has been enter into signal chamber II 9, buffer gear Playing the structural principle schematic diagram of cushioning effect, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and flowing road Line.

Figure 25 is the improvement project of Figure 20-24, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram shape State is after cylinder buffer process terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 from oil cylinder chamber I 3, and letter Number chamber I 1 starts the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and flowing Route.

Figure 26 is the present invention program 4: the structural principle schematic diagram of a kind of hydraulic damping device and cushion cylinder, uses guiding valve I 12, oil cylinder is in rest position.

When Figure 27 is that Figure 26 piston moves to oil cylinder chamber I and signal plug I 5 has been enter into signal chamber I 1, buffer gear is just Playing the structural principle schematic diagram of cushioning effect, the liquid stream direction being indicated by arrows in Fig. out under this state and flowing road Line.

Figure 28 is the replacement scheme of Figure 26-27, the guiding valve I 12 of Figure 26-27 has been replaced to spool I 12a, shown in Figure 28 Cylinder efficient state is consistent with Figure 26.

Figure 29 is the improvement project of Figure 26-28, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram shape State is after cylinder buffer process terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 from oil cylinder chamber I 3, and letter Number chamber I 1 starts the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and flowing Route.

Figure 30 is the present invention program 5: the structural principle schematic diagram of a kind of hydraulic damping device and cushion cylinder, uses guiding valve I 12, oil cylinder is in the motion of piston forward oil cylinder chamber I 3 and the normal operating conditions in signal plug I 5 not yet entering signal chamber I 1.

Figure 31-33 is 3 kinds of replacement schemes of Figure 30, respectively the guiding valve I 12 of Figure 30 has been replaced to spool I 12a, spool II 12b, spool III 12c, the cylinder efficient state shown in Figure 31-33 is consistent with Figure 30.

Figure 34 is the improvement project of Figure 30-33, adds check valve 43, can realize the most oil-filled of signal chamber.Diagram shape State is after cylinder buffer process terminates, when piston adverse movement again is moved to the direction of oil cylinder chamber II 8 from oil cylinder chamber I 3, and letter Number chamber I 1 starts the most oil-filled structural principle schematic diagram, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and flowing Route.

Figure 35 is the main sectional view of embodiment 1, and oil cylinder is in the motion of piston forward oil cylinder chamber II 8 direction and signal plug The normal operating conditions in II 7 not yet entering signal chambeies II 9, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and flowing Route.

Figure 36 is the top view of Figure 35.

Figure 37 is the D direction view of cylinder head B in Figure 35.

G-G, H-H, J-J sectional view that Figure 38-40 is respectively Figure 35 (removes the parts such as piston rod, only retains trimmer valve Y).

Figure 41 is the M-M sectional view of Figure 38.

Figure 42 is the L-L sectional view (removing the parts such as piston rod, only retain trimmer valve Y) of Figure 39.

Figure 43 is the N-N sectional view (removing the parts such as piston rod, only retain trimmer valve Y) of Figure 38.

Figure 44 is the main sectional view of embodiment 2, and oil cylinder is in the motion of piston forward oil cylinder chamber II 8 direction and signal plug The normal operating conditions in II 7 not yet entering signal chambeies II 9, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out the liquid stream direction under this state and flowing Route.

Figure 45 is the top view of Figure 44.

Figure 46-47 is respectively R-R, S-S sectional view of Figure 44.

Figure 48 is that the signal plug (5,7) in Figure 35, Figure 44 is assemblied on piston and piston rod in the way of individual part Schematic diagram.

In figure, 1, signal chamber I；2, cylinder body；3, oil cylinder chamber I；4, piston rod；5, signal plug I；6, piston；7, signal plug Ⅱ；8, oil cylinder chamber II；9, signal chamber II；10, valve body；11, secondary oil groove I；12, guiding valve I；12a, spool I；12b, spool II； 12c, spool III；12d, spool IV；12e, spool V；12f, spool VI；13, main oil pocket；14, external tapping I；15, main valve hole I； 16, signal oil circuit II；17, oil path in oil cylinder II；18, guiding valve II；18a, compound valve pocket I；18b, compound valve pocket II；18c, combination valve Set III；19, secondary valve opening II；19a, fast oil-filled groove；19b, piston boit；20, damping hole；21, secondary valve face；21a, unidirectional valve rod I； 21b, unidirectional valve rod II；21c, unidirectional valve rod III；21d, unidirectional valve rod IV；22, repairing hole；23, radially main oil-hole；23a, radially Relief hole；23b, radially time oilhole；24, main oil groove II；25, secondary interface II；26, connection oil duct I；27, secondary oil groove II；28, main Valve face；29, bullet part chamber；30, buffering elastic part；31, main valve hole II；32, external tapping II；33, connection oil duct II；34, secondary valve opening I； 35, signal oil circuit I；36, main oil groove I；37, secondary interface I；38, oil path in oil cylinder I；39, valve port opening；40, secondary oil pocket II；41, secondary Oil pocket I；42, circular bead surface；43, check valve；44, lead；44a, guide cone；45, hole is filled soon；46, check valve bullet part；47, heavy Hole；48, fast oil-filled road；49, bullet part convex shoulder；50, pilot hole；50a, starting taper hole；51, annular groove；52, earrings；53, lock pin；54, post Head；55, post holes；56, pin-and-hole；57, supported hole；58, sealing ring；59, positioning chamber；60, location shrinkage pool；61, benchmark boss；62、 Positioning boss；63, hole, location；64, locating dowel；65, bolt hole；A, cylinder bottom；B, cylinder head；C, cylinder head seat；X, signal indicator；Y, slow Rush valve；Z, oil cylinder main body；F, combination valve；F1, combination valve I；F2, combination valve II；F3, combination valve III；F4, combination valve IV.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of cushion cylinder, as shown in Figure 35-43, including earrings 52, lock pin 53, cylinder head B, cylinder head seat C, cylinder body 2, piston Bar 4, piston 6 and cylinder bottom A, it is characterised in that: this cushion cylinder also comprises just like the hydraulic damping device shown in schematic diagram 1-4. Buffer unit includes signal indicator X and trimmer valve Y, and signal indicator X is made up of signal chamber and signal plug, trimmer valve Y by valve body, guiding valve and Buffering elastic part is constituted.Understanding for convenience and compare, the present embodiment (Figure 35-43) has continued to use the dash number of schematic diagram 1-4, tool Details are as follows for body structure.

Cylinder head seat C is an annulus being provided centrally with positioning chamber 59, and location shrinkage pool 60 is co-axially located at the one of positioning chamber 59 End, in one end of cylinder body 2 is inserted in the location shrinkage pool 60 of cylinder head seat C and keep fixing connection, the positioning boss 62 of cylinder bottom A is then inserted In other end inner chamber the fixing connection of holding of cylinder body 2, signal chamber II 9 is arranged on positioning boss 62.One end of cylinder head B is arranged Having circular benchmark boss 61, supported hole 57 through cylinder head B heart portion is the most coaxial with benchmark boss 61, and supported hole 57 is positioned at benchmark One end of boss is additionally provided with signal chamber I 1, in the benchmark boss 61 of cylinder head B is then inserted in the positioning chamber 59 of cylinder head seat C and keep Fixing connection, sealing ring 58 is arranged on the root of benchmark boss 61 and keeps sealing.One end of piston rod 4 is coaxially disposed stigma 54, The other end is the most sequentially coaxially provided with signal plug II 7 and locating dowel 64, and stigma 54 coordinates with the post holes 55 of earrings 52, and Arranging radially the two pin-and-hole 56 the most through on corresponding matching position, lock pin 53 is fixed connection in being inserted in pin-and-hole 56；Piston 6 Location together with hole 63 is securely fitted in the locating dowel 64 of piston rod 4, and make the ring-type signal plug I 5 being arranged on piston 6 Towards stigma 54 one end, signal plug II 7 then protrude from piston 6 outer face and exposed location hole 63 outside.Piston 6, work Stopper rod 4 and earrings 52 are matched with as a rigidly connected component slippage in the supported hole 57 of cylinder head B and the cavity of cylinder body 2, Keep sealing by potted component between piston 6 and the inner chamber of cylinder body 2 and be slidably matched and the lumen segmentation of cylinder body 2 is become oil cylinder chamber Room I 3 and oil cylinder chamber II 8；Sealing is kept to be slidably matched also by potted component between supported hole 57 and the piston rod 4 of cylinder head B There is provided for piston rod 4 and support.

Buffer unit includes signal indicator X and trimmer valve Y, and signal indicator X is arranged on oil cylinder chamber I 3 inside and the oil cylinder of oil cylinder Chamber II 8 is internal, and signal indicator X in oil cylinder chamber I 3 is made up of signal chamber I 1 and signal plug I 5, the signal in oil cylinder chamber II 8 Device X is made up of signal chamber II 9 and signal plug II 7, signal chamber and signal plug I or signal plug when oil cylinder piston is close to stroke end II may make up be slidably matched pair and produce control pressure oil as control signal control trimmer valve Y guiding valve move.Trimmer valve Y collection Becoming on cylinder head B, cylinder head B, simultaneously as the valve body 10 of trimmer valve Y, is provided with two groups of main valve holes and secondary valve opening, as shown in figure 41, Being respectively main valve hole I 15/ main valve hole II 31 and the secondary valve opening II 19 of secondary valve opening I 34/, the axis of two groups of valve openings is positioned at and oil cylinder axis In parallel same plane, two axis are parallel to each other and vertical with oil cylinder axis, the main valve hole of two groups of valve openings and secondary valve opening with Contrary direction arrangement.The main oil groove I 36 gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion it is arranged at intervals with side by side on the axle of main valve hole I 15 With secondary oil groove II 11, the axle of main valve hole II 31 is arranged at intervals with main oil groove II 24 side by side that go out along main valve hole radial outward expansion With secondary oil groove II 27, secondary oil groove I 11 communicates by connecting oil duct I 26 with main oil groove II 24, and secondary oil groove II 27 and main oil groove I 36 lead to Cross connection oil duct II 33 to communicate.External tapping and secondary interface, respectively external tapping I 14/ external tapping II 32 He it is additionally provided with on cylinder head B The secondary interface II 25 of secondary interface I 37/.One end of main valve hole I 15 and main valve hole II 31 is same with secondary valve opening I 34 and secondary valve opening II 19 respectively Axle connects, and the other end is connected with external tapping I 14 and external tapping II 32 the most respectively.External tapping connects on main valve hole and and hydraulic pressure The next oily and oil return of system working connection connects；Main oil groove I 36 is by the connection oil duct II 33 being arranged in cylinder head B, secondary interface I 37 Connect with oil cylinder chamber I 3 with oil path in oil cylinder I 38, as shown in figure 35；And main oil groove II 24 is by being arranged on the connection in cylinder head B Oil duct I 26, secondary interface II 25 connect with oil cylinder chamber II 8 with oil path in oil cylinder II 17, as shown in Figure 42 and Figure 35；Guiding valve is divided into two Group, respectively guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18, the two structure is identical and respectively to be parallel to each other and contrary direction is slidably fitted in In main valve hole I 15/ main valve hole II 31 of valve body.One end of guiding valve is provided with main valve face 28 and bullet part chamber 29, and the other end is provided with Secondary valve face 21 and the damping hole 20 in through heart portion, damping hole 20 communicates with bullet part chamber 29 and main oil pocket 13, and footpath is passed through in bullet part chamber 29 The main valve face 28 of guiding valve is penetrated into the radial direction main oil-hole 23 arranged.The main valve face 28 of guiding valve coordinates with main valve hole, and secondary valve face 21 coordinate with secondary valve opening.The outside diameter of secondary valve face 21 is less than main valve face 28 diameter of guiding valve and is connected on circular bead surface 42 with it, And on circular bead surface 42, be provided with repairing hole 22 connect secondary oil pocket (40,41) and bullet part chamber 29.Buffering elastic part 30 compression is placed on Between bullet part chamber 29 and the external tapping of guiding valve, and slide valve rand face 42 pushing is against bottom main valve hole, now guiding valve main valve face Keep with main valve hole coordinating and guiding valve radial direction main oil-hole just main oil groove positions with this main valve hole aligns and is in all-pass State, meanwhile the secondary oil groove of this main valve hole is then blocked by this guiding valve main valve face 28, makes the secondary oil groove of this main valve hole and is somebody's turn to do The disconnected state of partition it is between the bullet part chamber 29 of guiding valve；When this guiding valve thus position is moved to the other end of main valve hole Time, then radially main oil-hole can be close also to the secondary oil groove of this main valve hole while being gradually distance from the main oil groove of this main valve hole for this guiding valve Gradually the secondary oil groove with this main valve hole is connected, until the main oil groove of this main valve hole is blocked completely by this guiding valve main valve face 28, makes This main oil groove is completely isolated with the bullet part chamber of this main valve hole and this guiding valve.Signal chamber I 1 on cylinder head B is by internal signal oil Road I 35 connects, as shown in Figure 43 and Figure 38 with secondary valve opening I 34；The signal chamber II 9 of cylinder bottom A is by internal signal oil circuit II 16 Connect, as shown in Figure 35 and Figure 41 with secondary valve opening II 19.Two groups of guiding valves can accept respectively correspondence from signal chamber I 1 and signal The control signal in chamber II 9, controls the valve port opening size of cylinder head B internal spool valve and liquid stream direction, so that the returning of controlled liquefaction cylinder Oil pocket produces throttling back pressure and high pressure chest produces pressure release off-load, it is achieved the buffering of oil cylinder.Concrete work process and action principle The hydraulic damping device of prior figures 1-4 has been described in detail, is not repeated at this.

Figure 35, Figure 38, Figure 41 and Figure 43 be under the non-buffered state that oil cylinder normally works guiding valve I 12 and guiding valve II 18 with main The position of valve opening coordinates schematic diagram, has been indicated by arrows in Fig. out when piston moves to oil cylinder chamber II from oil cylinder chamber I, liquid The flow direction of force feed and route.Detailed work process and simulated acid rain are existing detailed in the introduction of above schematic diagram 1-4 Describe, be not repeated at this.

Further, with reference to the guidance of aforementioned principles Fig. 5, guiding valve I 12 and the guiding valve II 18 of embodiment 2 can directly be replaced For spool I 12a, remaining structure keeps constant and oil cylinder can keep original function.

Further, with reference to the improved method shown in aforementioned principles Fig. 6-12, can be by above-mentioned guiding valve I 12, guiding valve II 18, valve Core I 12a changes system into the combination valve F with non-return valve function, the optional employing unidirectional valve rod I 21a shown in Fig. 9 or check valve Bar II 21b or unidirectional valve rod III 21c or unidirectional tetra-kinds of unidirectional stem structures of valve rod IV 21d, by unidirectional valve rod and check valve bullet Part is respectively assembled on the guiding valve after improving, and while maintaining original guiding valve function, also possessed shown in Fig. 6-7 is unidirectional The function of valve 43, thus realize the purpose of the quick repairing in signal chamber.It is described in detail before its operation principle, is not repeated at this.

Further, the axis of the two groups of valve openings arranged in cylinder head B is positioned at the same plane parallel with oil cylinder axis, and two Bar axis is parallel to each other and is parallel to oil cylinder axis.

Further, with reference to the guidance of schematic diagram 26-29, in above-described embodiment Bidirectional cushion cylinder two groups of guiding valves and Corresponding signal indicator can remove one of which, only retains one group of guiding valve and the signal indicator of correspondence, thus can be by above-mentioned two-way slow Rush oil cylinder and be converted into one-way buffer oil cylinder, be not described in detail in this.

Further, trimmer valve Y can be in the way of having oneself single valve body 10, the complete total member independent with It is assembled in oil cylinder main body, is controlled the oil inlet and oil return chamber of oil cylinder by oil circuit or pipeline.

Further, two groups of guiding valves of trimmer valve Y are the most detachable is that two trimmer valve Y are the most integrated or be assembled to oil cylinder master On body, controlled the oil inlet and oil return chamber of oil cylinder by oil circuit or pipeline.

Further, cylinder head B can be bolted, and bolt screws through the bolt hole 65 on cylinder head B and is fixed on cylinder head On the screwed hole of seat C, as shown in figure 35；Also can be by setting on the benchmark boss 61 of cylinder head B and on the positioning chamber 59 of cylinder head seat C Put the screw thread that screws of pairing to be tightened.

Further, as shown in figure 48, signal plug (5,7) can also select high-abrasive material or elastomeric material (as nylon, Copper, rubber etc.) make single part and be assemblied on piston and piston rod.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of cushion cylinder, as shown in Figure 44-47, including earrings 52, lock pin 53, cylinder head B, cylinder head seat C, cylinder body 2, piston Bar 4, piston 6 and cylinder bottom A.It is characterized in that: this cushion cylinder also comprises just like the bidirectional hydraulic buffering shown in schematic diagram 16-17 Device.Buffer unit includes signal indicator X and trimmer valve Y, and signal indicator X is made up of signal chamber and signal plug, trimmer valve Y by valve body, Guiding valve and buffering elastic part are constituted.Understanding for convenience and compare, the present embodiment has continued to use the dash number of schematic diagram 16-17, with Embodiment 1 is compared, and the only structure of trimmer valve Y there occurs change, and the portion details of existing only just change is as follows, and remainder is with reference to front State.

Trimmer valve Y arranges two groups of guiding valves, uses 2 spool II 12b(concrete structures to see the introduction of schematic diagram 16-17), Being arranged on cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A, the axis of the valve opening arranged in cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A was positioned at the same flat of oil cylinder axis In face, two axis are parallel to each other and vertical with oil cylinder axis, as shown in figure 44.Cylinder head B arranges the valve opening of one group of coaxial line, point Not Wei main valve hole I 15 and secondary valve opening I 34, main valve hole I 15 is outer and outer surface through to cylinder head B, and arrange external tapping I 14 in Exit is connected with main oil way of hydraulic system as the oil inlet and outlet of oil cylinder chamber I 3；One end of secondary valve opening I 34 and main valve hole I 15 Connecting, the other end is connected with the signal chamber I 1 on cylinder head B by signal oil circuit I 35.Set on the about middle section position of main valve hole I 15 It is equipped with the main oil groove I 36 gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion, the oil path in oil cylinder I 38 that main oil groove I 36 is arranged and oil by inside Cylinder chamber I 3 connects.Main valve face 28 and the secondary valve face 21 of spool II 12b coordinate with main valve hole I 15 and secondary valve opening I 34 respectively, buffering Bullet part 30 compresses between bullet part chamber 29 and the external tapping I 14 being assemblied in spool II 12b and is pushed in slide valve rand face 42 and is against master Bottom valve opening, the most main oil groove I 36 is in full-mesh state with main valve hole I 15, and valve port opening reaches maximum.

Similar with cylinder head B, cylinder bottom A is also provided with the valve opening of one group of coaxial line, respectively main valve hole II 31 and secondary valve opening II 19, Main valve hole II 31 is outer and outer surface through to cylinder bottom A, and arranges external tapping II 32 in exit as oil cylinder chamber II 8 Oil inlet and outlet is connected with main oil way of hydraulic system；One end of secondary valve opening II 19 connects with main valve hole II 31, and the other end passes through signal Oil circuit II 16 connects with the signal chamber II 9 on cylinder bottom A.It is provided with on the about middle section position of main valve hole II 31 along main valve hole radially The main oil groove II 24 that outward expansion goes out, the oil path in oil cylinder II 17 that main oil groove II 24 is arranged by inside connects with oil cylinder chamber II 8. Main valve face 28 and the secondary valve face 21 of spool II 12b coordinate with main valve hole II 31 and secondary valve opening II 19 respectively, and buffering elastic part 30 compresses Being assemblied between bullet part chamber 29 and the external tapping II 32 of spool II 12b and being pushed in slide valve rand face 42 is against bottom main valve hole, The most main oil groove II 24 is in full-mesh state with main valve hole II 31, and valve port opening reaches maximum.

Figure 44 is that non-buffered state bottom spool II 12b that oil cylinder normally works coordinates schematic diagram with the position of main valve hole, figure In indicated by an arrow go out when piston moves to oil cylinder chamber II from oil cylinder chamber I, the flow direction of hydraulic oil and route.In detail Thin work process and simulated acid rain, have a detailed description in the introduction of above schematic diagram 16-17, be not repeated at this.

Further, with reference to aforementioned principles Figure 13-15 and the guidance of Figure 18, above-mentioned spool II 12b could alternatively be cunning Valve I 12(guiding valve II 18) or spool I 12a or spool III 12c, remaining structure keeps constant, and oil cylinder maintains same merit Energy.

Further, with reference to the improved method shown in aforementioned principles Fig. 9, can be by above-mentioned guiding valve I 12, guiding valve II 18, spool I 12a, spool II 12b, spool III 12c change system into the combination valve F with non-return valve function, optional use shown in Fig. 9 unidirectional Valve rod I 21a, unidirectional valve rod II 21b, unidirectional valve rod III 21c, tetra-kinds of unidirectional stem structures of unidirectional valve rod IV 21d, by unidirectional valve rod It is respectively assembled on the guiding valve after improving with check valve bullet part, while maintaining original guiding valve function, has also possessed Figure 19 The function of shown check valve 43, thus realize the purpose of the quick repairing in signal chamber.It is described in detail before its operation principle, at this It is not repeated.

Further, the axis of the valve opening arranged in cylinder head B and cylinder bottom A may be provided at and is parallel to the same flat of oil cylinder axis In face, two axis are parallel to each other and are perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis.

Further, above-mentioned trimmer valve Y can have oneself single valve body 10, with an independent complete total member Mode is assembled in oil cylinder main body, and is controlled the oil inlet and oil return chamber of oil cylinder by oil circuit or pipeline.

Further, with reference to the guidance of schematic diagram 30-34, in above-described embodiment Bidirectional cushion cylinder two groups of guiding valves and Corresponding signal indicator can remove one of which, only retains one group of guiding valve and the signal indicator of correspondence, thus can be by above-mentioned two-way slow Rush oil cylinder and be converted into one-way buffer oil cylinder, be not described in detail in this.

Further, as shown in figure 48, signal plug (5,7) can also select high-abrasive material or elastomeric material (as nylon, Copper, rubber etc.) make single part and be assemblied on piston and piston rod..

It is more than embodiment 1 and the introduction about the construction of embodiment 2, it is therefore apparent that with reference to the guidance of schematic diagram 1-34 and above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and the introduction of embodiment 2, according to actual needs, it is also possible to change and more embodiment, be not described in detail in this.

It is pointed out that and these are only the present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not It is confined to this.It is clear that according to actual needs, it is also possible to make many variations, such as: signal chamber and signal plug set-up mode Change (position, direction, shape, form etc.), oil groove or the oil pocket shape of change, hydraulic fluid port and oil duct and the change of position, oil The structure change etc. of cylinder；The form that arranges of buffering elastic part also has multiple change, such as, can be assemblied in elastic cavity in compressed form In, but the guiding valve other end can also be arranged on the form of stretching, there is equal effect.Any it is familiar with those skilled in the art Member, in the technical scope that the invention discloses, is equal to according to schematic diagram, embodiment and the inventive concept thereof of the present invention and is replaced Change or change, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a hydraulic damping device, coordinates with the oil cylinder main body (Z) of controlled liquefaction cylinder, can realize the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder, It is characterized in that: include signal indicator (X) and trimmer valve (Y), signal indicator (X) is arranged on the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of oil cylinder main body (Z) In, trimmer valve (Y) is integrated or is assemblied in oil cylinder main body (Z), trimmer valve (Y) be provided with 1 group or 2 groups of guiding valves (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, F1, F2, F3, F4), accordingly, 1 or two signal indicatoies (X), guiding valve and signal indicator are set (X) one_to_one corresponding, signal indicator (X) can control controlled liquefaction by the movement of the guiding valve that signal oil circuit (16,35) controls correspondence The oil-feed of cylinder and/or oil return；Signal indicator (X) is made up of signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7), and the two pairing use may make up Being slidably matched, one of them is integrated or is securely fitted on the piston (6) of one end or the piston rod (4) of oil cylinder chamber (3,8), Can move with piston, another is the most corresponding integrated or is securely fitted in cylinder head (B) or the cylinder of oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) other end At at the end (A)；When signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7) are in released state or are in static mated condition, signal indicator (X) To trimmer valve (Y) without control action, under this state, trimmer valve (Y) is with the oil cylinder of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder Chamber (3,8) connects, and keeps the normal oil inlet and oil return duty of controlled liquefaction cylinder；When piston (6) moves to close to oil cylinder When head (B) or the position of cylinder bottom (A), signal chamber (1,9) and signal plug (5,7) are progressed into the shape with contacting from released state State, corresponding signal plug (5,7) can progress into the chamber to induction signal chamber (1,9) constituting with it and be slidably matched, so that Signal chamber (1,9) and oil cylinder chamber (3,8) keep apart the space that formation is independent, and then continuing to move to along with piston (6), letter Hydraulic oil in number chamber (1,9) is formed control signal pressure oil by pushing, control signal pressure oil by signal oil circuit (16, 35) entering trimmer valve (Y), a part therein is by damping hole (20) the earial drainage oil sump tank of corresponding guiding valve, and remaining part is then It is mobile that the guiding valve driving correspondence overcomes the resistance of the buffering elastic part (30) of trimmer valve (Y) to produce, thus regulates the valve of trimmer valve (Y) The size of mouthful aperture and liquid stream direction, and then control oil-feed and/or the pressure of oil back chamber of controlled liquefaction cylinder, controlled by making Oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and/or the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the piston (6) movement velocity in stroke end, Realize the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；After piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate, guiding valve can act at buffering elastic part (30) Lower return, trimmer valve (Y) is with oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) connection of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder, so that quilt Control oil cylinder and recover normal duty, enter next cycle of operation.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with 2 signal indicatoies (X), buffering Valve (Y) is provided with 2 groups of guiding valves, and corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies (X) respectively, 2 signal indicatoies (X) are separately positioned on oil cylinder main body (Z) In oil cylinder chamber I (3) and oil cylinder chamber II (8), and the shifting of corresponding guiding valve can be controlled respectively by signal oil circuit (16,35) Dynamic, by the way of oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and oil back chamber throttle back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston motion in stroke end Speed, can realize the bidirectional buffering of oil cylinder；Trimmer valve (Y) is by valve body (10), guiding valve (12,18,12a) and buffering elastic part (30) structure Become, valve body (10) is provided with two groups of main valve holes and secondary valve opening, respectively main valve hole I (15)/main valve hole II (31) and secondary valve opening I (34)/secondary valve opening II (19)；The axial of main valve hole I (15) is arranged at intervals with the main oil gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion side by side Groove I (36) and secondary oil groove I (11), being axially arranged at intervals with side by side of main valve hole II (31) goes out along main valve hole radial outward expansion Main oil groove II (24) and secondary oil groove II (27), secondary oil groove I (11) communicates by connecting oil duct I (26) with main oil groove II (24), secondary Oil groove II (27) communicates by connecting oil duct II (33) with main oil groove I (36)；External tapping and secondary interface it is additionally provided with on valve body, point Wei external tapping I (14)/external tapping II (32) and secondary interface I (37)/secondary interface II (25)；Main valve hole I (15) and main valve hole II (31) one end coaxially connects with secondary valve opening I (34) and pair valve opening II (19) respectively, the other end the most respectively with external tapping I (14) Connecting with external tapping II (32), external tapping connection is connected on main valve hole and with the next oily of main oil way of hydraulic system and oil return；Secondary Interface I (37) and secondary interface II (25) are connected on main oil groove I (36) and main oil groove II (24), and pass through oil circuit respectively with The oil cylinder chamber I (3) of oil cylinder main body (Z) and oil cylinder chamber II (8) connect, 2 signal indicatoies (X) then by signal oil circuit (16, 35) it is connected with 2 groups of pair valve openings respectively, controls the movement of corresponding guiding valve respectively；Guiding valve can use two kinds of versions, and structure is identical Guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) be one therein, another kind is spool I (12a)；Guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) One end be provided with main valve face (28) and bullet part chamber (29), the other end is provided with secondary valve face (21) and the damping hole in through heart portion (20), damping hole (20) communicates with bullet part chamber (29) and main oil pocket (13), and bullet part chamber (29) is by the main oil of radial direction being radially arranged Hole (23) penetrates into the main valve face (28) of guiding valve；Guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) are slidably fitted in the two of valve body (10) respectively In group main valve hole (15,31), the main valve face (28) of guiding valve coordinates with main valve hole (15,31), and secondary valve face (21) and secondary valve opening (34,19) coordinate；The outside diameter of the secondary valve face (21) of guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) is less than the cylindrical in its main valve face (28) Diameter is also connected on circular bead surface (42) with it, and be additionally provided with on circular bead surface (42) the secondary oil pocket of repairing hole (22) connection (40, 41) with bullet part chamber (29)；Buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed between the bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve Yu external tapping (14,32), and Slide valve rand face (42) are pushed and are against main valve hole (15,31) bottom, now guiding valve main valve face (28) and corresponding main valve hole (15, 31) keep coordinating and this guiding valve radially main oil-hole (23) just with main oil groove (24,36) position pair of this main valve hole (15,31) Just and be in the state of all-pass, radially the valve port opening between main oil-hole (23) Yu main oil groove (24,36) reaches maximum；Same with this Time this main valve hole (15,31) secondary oil groove (11,27) then blocked by this guiding valve main valve face (28), this main valve hole (15,31) The disconnected state of partition it is between secondary oil groove (11,27) and the bullet part chamber (29) of this guiding valve；When this guiding valve thus position to When the other end of main valve hole (15,31) moves, then this guiding valve radially main oil-hole (23) can be gradually distance from this main valve hole (15,31) While main oil groove (24,36) to the secondary oil groove (11,27) of this main valve hole (15,31) near and gradually with this main valve hole (15, 31) secondary oil groove (11,27) is connected, until the main oil groove (24,36) of this main valve hole (15,31) is complete by this guiding valve main valve face (28) Entirely block, make this main oil groove (24,36) completely isolated with the bullet part chamber (29) of this main valve hole (15,31) and this guiding valve；Spool I (12a) it is guiding valve I (12) or the deformation of guiding valve II (18), mainly removes two spies of guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) Levying secondary valve face (21) and repairing hole (22), remaining structure keeps constant；Similarly, spool I (12a) can be taked with above-mentioned Guiding valve I (12) and the same assembling mode of guiding valve II (18) are slidably fitted in two groups of main valve holes (15,31) of valve body also respectively There is on all four guiding valve mechanism；Above-mentioned two groups of guiding valves (12,18,12a) all can accept respectively from corresponding signal indicator (X) Control signal, and then drive corresponding guiding valve (12,18,12a) to produce correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus regulate trimmer valve (Y) size of valve port opening and liquid stream direction, and then control the pressure of the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of controlled liquefaction cylinder, by making Controlled liquefaction cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the piston (6) the motion speed in stroke end Degree, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；After piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate, guiding valve (12,18,12a) can be slow Rushing the lower return of bullet part (30) effect, trimmer valve (Y) is with the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder Connection, so that controlled liquefaction cylinder recovers normal duty, enters next cycle of operation.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with 2 signal indicatoies (X), buffering Valve (Y) is provided with 2 groups of guiding valves, and corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies (X) respectively, 2 signal indicatoies (X) are separately positioned on oil cylinder main body (Z) In oil cylinder chamber I (3) and oil cylinder chamber II (8), and the shifting of corresponding guiding valve can be controlled respectively by signal oil circuit (16,35) Dynamic, by the way of oil cylinder oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, oil cylinder can be realized Bidirectional buffering；Trimmer valve (Y) is made up of valve body (10), guiding valve (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c) and buffering elastic part (30), valve body (10) two groups of main valve holes and secondary valve opening, respectively main valve hole I (15)/main valve hole II (31) and secondary valve opening I (34)/pair it are provided with on Valve opening II (19)；Main valve hole I (15) is provided with the main oil groove I (36) gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion, main valve hole II (31) It is provided with the main oil groove II (24) gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion；External tapping and secondary interface it is additionally provided with, respectively on valve body For external tapping I (14)/external tapping II (32) and secondary interface I (37)/secondary interface II (25)；Main valve hole I (15) and main valve hole II (31) one end coaxially connects with secondary valve opening I (34) and pair valve opening II (19) respectively, the other end the most respectively with external tapping I (14) Connecting with external tapping II (32), external tapping connection is connected on main valve hole and with the next oily of main oil way of hydraulic system and oil return；Secondary Interface I (37) and secondary interface II (25) are connected on main oil groove I (36) and main oil groove II (24), and pass through oil circuit respectively with The oil cylinder chamber I (3) of oil cylinder main body (Z) and oil cylinder chamber II (8) connect, 2 signal indicatoies (X) then by signal oil circuit (16, 35) it is connected with 2 groups of pair valve openings respectively, controls the movement of corresponding guiding valve respectively；Guiding valve can use four kinds of versions, and structure is identical Guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) be one therein, another three kinds be respectively spool I (12a), spool II (12b), spool III (12c)；One end of guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) is provided with main valve face (28) and bullet part chamber (29), and the other end is provided with pair The damping hole (20) in valve face (21) and through heart portion, damping hole (20) communicates with bullet part chamber (29) and main oil pocket (13), bullet part chamber (29) the radial direction main oil-hole (23) by being radially arranged penetrates into the main valve face (28) of guiding valve；Guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) Being slidably fitted in respectively in two groups of main valve holes (15,31) of valve body (10), the main valve face (28) of guiding valve and main valve hole (15,31) are joined Close, and secondary valve face (21) coordinates with secondary valve opening (34,19)；The cylindrical of the secondary valve face (21) of guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) is straight Footpath is less than the outside diameter in its main valve face (28) and is connected on circular bead surface (42) with it, and is additionally provided with benefit on circular bead surface (42) The secondary oil pocket (40,41) of oilhole (22) connection and bullet part chamber (29)；Buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed on the bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve Between external tapping (14,32), and slide valve rand face (42) pushing is against main valve hole (15,31) bottom, now guiding valve main valve Face (28) and corresponding main valve hole (15,31) keep coordinating and this guiding valve radially main oil-hole (23) just with this main valve hole (15, 31) main oil groove (24,36) position aligns and is in the state of all-pass, radially between main oil-hole (23) Yu main oil groove (24,36) Valve port opening reach maximum；When this guiding valve thus position is moved to the other end of main valve hole (15,31), then this guiding valve is radially Main oil-hole (23) can be gradually distance from the main oil groove (24,36) of this main valve hole (15,31), until the main oil of this main valve hole (15,31) Groove (24,36) is blocked completely by this guiding valve main valve face (28), makes this main oil groove (24,36) and this main valve hole (15,31) and is somebody's turn to do The bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve is completely isolated；Spool I (12a) is guiding valve I (12) or the deformation of guiding valve II (18), mainly removes cunning Valve I (12) and two features pair valve face (21) of guiding valve II (18) and repairing hole (22), remaining structure keeps constant；Spool II (12b) is to remove the radial direction main oil-hole (23) being radially arranged on the basis of guiding valve I (12) or guiding valve II (18), remaining knot Structure keeps constant；Spool III (12c) is to remove secondary valve face (21), repairing on the basis of guiding valve I (12) or guiding valve II (18) Hole (22) and radially (23) three features of main oil-hole, remaining structure keeps constant；Similarly, spool I (12a), spool II (12b) The assembling mode as above-mentioned guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) can be taked to be slidably fitted in respectively with spool III (12c) In two groups of main valve holes (15,31) of valve body, buffering elastic part (30) compression be placed on the bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve and external tapping (14, 32) between, and slide valve rand face (42) pushing is against main valve hole (15,31) bottom, now, for spool I (12a), The main valve face (28) of spool I (12a) keeps cooperation and this guiding valve radially main oil-hole (23) just with corresponding main valve hole (15,31) Main oil groove (24,36) position with this main valve hole (15,31) aligns and is in the state of all-pass；And for the most radially main oil-hole (23) for spool II (12b) and spool III (12c), outside main oil groove (24,36) is then positioned at the covering of main valve face (28) and It is in the state of all-pass, the guiding valve mechanism of spool I (12a), spool II (12b) and spool III (12c) and guiding valve I (12) and guiding valve II (18) is consistent；Above-mentioned guiding valve (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c) all can accept the control letter from corresponding signal indicator (X) respectively Number, and then drive corresponding guiding valve (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c) to produce correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus regulate trimmer valve (Y) size of valve port opening and liquid stream direction, and then control the pressure of the oil back chamber of controlled liquefaction cylinder, by making controlled liquefaction The mode of cylinder oil back chamber throttling back pressure, controls the piston (6) movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder； After piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate, guiding valve (12,18,12a, 12b, 12c) can be under buffering elastic part (30) acts on Return, trimmer valve (Y) connects with the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder, so that controlled Liquefaction cylinder recovers normal duty, enters next cycle of operation.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with 2 signal indicatoies (X), buffering Valve (Y) is provided with 2 groups of guiding valves, and corresponding with 2 signal indicatoies (X) respectively, 2 signal indicatoies (X) are separately positioned on oil cylinder main body (Z) In oil cylinder chamber I (3) and oil cylinder chamber II (8), and the shifting of corresponding guiding valve can be controlled respectively by signal oil circuit (35,16) Dynamic, by the way of oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, oil cylinder can be realized Bidirectional buffering；Trimmer valve (Y) is made up of valve body (10), guiding valve (12d, 12e, 12f) and buffering elastic part (30), and valve body sets on (10) It is equipped with two groups of main valve holes and secondary valve opening, respectively main valve hole I (15)/main valve hole II (31) and secondary valve opening I (34)/secondary valve opening II (19)；The axial of main valve hole I (15) is arranged at intervals with the main oil groove I (36) gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion and pair oil side by side Groove I (11), the axial of main valve hole II (31) is arranged at intervals with the main oil groove II (24) gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion side by side With secondary oil groove II (27), secondary oil groove I (11) communicates by connecting oil duct I (26) with main oil groove II (24), pair oil groove II (27) and Main oil groove I (36) is communicated by connection oil duct II (33)；External tapping and secondary interface, respectively external tapping I it is additionally provided with on valve body (14)/external tapping II (32) and secondary interface I (37)/secondary interface II (25)；One end of main valve hole I (15) and main valve hole II (31) is divided Not coaxially do not connect with secondary valve opening I (34) and pair valve opening II (19), the other end the most respectively with external tapping I (14) and external tapping II (32) connecting, external tapping connection is connected on main valve hole and with the next oily of main oil way of hydraulic system and oil return；Secondary interface I (37) and Secondary interface II (25) is connected on main oil groove I (36) and main oil groove II (24), and pass through oil circuit respectively with oil cylinder main body (Z) Oil cylinder chamber I and oil cylinder chamber II connect, 2 signal indicatoies (X) then by signal oil circuit (16,35) respectively with 2 groups of pair valves Hole connects, and controls the movement of corresponding guiding valve；Guiding valve can use three kinds of versions, respectively spool IV (12d), spool V (12e) with spool VI (12f)；One end of spool IV (12d) is provided with main valve face (28) and bullet part chamber (29), and the other end is provided with Secondary valve face (21) and the damping hole (20) in through heart portion, damping hole (20) communicates with bullet part chamber (29) and main oil pocket (13)；Bullet part Keep at a certain distance away along axis on chamber (29) and be set side by side with the two row's radial holes that can penetrate into main valve face (28), be respectively radially Relief hole (23a) and radially time oilhole (23b), radially relief hole (23a) is near damping hole (20)；The main valve face (28) of guiding valve with Main valve hole coordinates, and secondary valve face (21) coordinates with secondary valve opening；The outside diameter of the secondary valve face (21) of guiding valve is less than main valve face (28) Outside diameter and be connected on circular bead surface (42) with it, and on circular bead surface (42), be provided with the secondary oil pocket of repairing hole (22) connection (40,41) with bullet part chamber (29)；Buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed between bullet part chamber (29) and the external tapping of guiding valve, and will be sliding Valve circular bead surface (42) pushes and is against bottom main valve hole, and under this state, guiding valve main valve face keeps with corresponding main valve hole coordinating and radial direction The external port of relief hole (23a) is closed by main valve hole (15,31), and radially time oilhole (23b) is then always positioned at corresponding main valve hole Secondary oil groove (11,27) in and keep the state of normal open with it；And when guiding valve overcomes buffering under control signal pressure oil effect The resistance of bullet part (30) is when the other end of main valve hole moves, then the external port of the radial direction relief hole (23a) of this guiding valve can be along with The movement of guiding valve and gradually remove main valve hole closing and with corresponding main oil groove connection, and meanwhile, radially time oilhole (23b) state of normal open in being then always positioned at secondary oil groove (11,27) and is kept with it；Buffering terminates, guiding valve then self-return；Valve Core V (12e) is the deformation of spool IV (12d), is to eliminate secondary valve face (21) and repairing hole on the basis of spool IV (12d) (22) these 2 features, remaining structure keeps constant；Spool VI (12f) is cylinder, and core one end arranges damping hole (20), the other end arranges bullet part chamber (29), and the two connects；Annular groove (51), bullet part chamber it is provided with on the main valve face of damping hole one end (29) the radial direction main oil-hole (23) by being radially arranged penetrates on main valve face and keeps normal open with corresponding secondary oil groove (11,27) State；Similarly, spool V (12e) and spool VI (12f) can take the assembling mode as above-mentioned spool IV (12d) In being slidably fitted in two groups of main valve holes (15,31) of valve body respectively and there is on all four guiding valve mechanism；To spool VI (12f) For, under non-buffered state, often organize the annular groove (51) of spool respectively with organize corresponding main valve hole (15,31) main oil groove (36, 24) holding position just to and be simultaneously in disconnected partition state with staggering with secondary oil groove (11, the 27) position of group；Work as spool VI (12f) overcomes the resistance of buffering elastic part (30) under control signal pressure oil effect when the other end of main valve hole moves, is somebody's turn to do The annular groove (51) of spool the most gradually can connect with the secondary oil groove of group while keeping connecting with the main oil groove of same group, so that Main oil groove and secondary oil groove with group are through by the annular groove (51) of this spool, and by radial direction main oil-hole (23), by system Oil-feed connects with oil return and confluxes oil sump tank, it is achieved the purpose of high pressure chest pressure release off-load；Above-mentioned two groups of guiding valves (12d, 12e, 12f) all can accept the control signal from corresponding signal indicator (X) respectively, and then drive corresponding guiding valve (12d, 12e, 12f) to produce Raw correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus regulate size and the liquid stream direction of the valve port opening of trimmer valve (Y), and then control controlled The pressure of the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of liquefaction cylinder, by the way of making controlled liquefaction cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load, controls piston (6) Movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；After piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate, sliding Valve (12d, 12e, 12f) can at buffering elastic part (30) the lower return of effect, trimmer valve (Y) with the valve port of slide valve aperture of maximum with controlled Oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) connection of liquefaction cylinder, so that controlled liquefaction cylinder recovers normal duty, enters next one work and follows Ring.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with 1 signal indicator (X), buffering Valve (Y) is provided with 1 group of guiding valve, and signal indicator (X) is arranged in oil cylinder chamber I (3) or the oil cylinder chamber II (8) of oil cylinder main body (Z), By the movement of signal oil circuit spool control valve, by the way of oil cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and oil back chamber throttle back pressure, control Oil cylinder piston, in the movement velocity of stroke end, can realize the one-way buffer of oil cylinder；Trimmer valve (Y) is by valve body (10), guiding valve (12,12a) and buffering elastic part (30) are constituted, and valve body (10) is provided with one group of main valve hole coaxially connected I (15) and secondary valve opening I (34), the main oil groove I (36) and the secondary oil groove I (11) that go out along main valve hole radial outward expansion are axially disposed on main valve side by side On hole I (15), main oil groove I (36) is located close to secondary valve opening I (34) one end；External tapping and secondary interface it is additionally provided with on valve body, point Not Wei external tapping I (14)/external tapping II (32) and secondary interface I (37)/secondary interface II (25), one end of main valve hole I (15) is with secondary Valve opening I (34) coaxially connects, and the other end then connects with external tapping I (14)；Secondary interface I (37) is connected with main oil groove I (36), and By oil circuit and signal indicator (X) cylinder body oil pocket chamber at one end be connected, the oil pocket chamber of the cylinder body other end is then by oil Road is connected with secondary interface II (25), and secondary interface II (25) and external tapping II (32) are commonly connected on secondary oil groove I (11), and signal The signal chamber of device (X) is then connected to the outer end of secondary valve opening I (34) by oil circuit, and is joined by the control slip of control signal pressure oil The movement of the guiding valve being combined in trimmer valve (Y) main valve hole；One end of guiding valve I (12) is provided with main valve face (28) and bullet part chamber (29), the other end is provided with secondary valve face (21) and the damping hole (20) in through heart portion, damping hole (20) and bullet part chamber (29) and master Oil pocket (13) communicates, and bullet part chamber (29) penetrates into the main valve face (28) of guiding valve by the radial direction main oil-hole (23) being radially arranged；Sliding The main valve face (28) of valve coordinates with main valve hole, and secondary valve face (21) coordinates with secondary valve opening；The cylindrical of the secondary valve face (21) of guiding valve is straight Footpath is less than the outside diameter in main valve face (28) and is connected on circular bead surface (42) with it, and is provided with repairing hole on circular bead surface (42) (22) the secondary oil pocket (41) of connection and bullet part chamber (29)；Buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed on bullet part chamber (29) and the external tapping of guiding valve Between I (14), and being against bottom main valve hole by slide valve rand face (42) pushing, now guiding valve main valve face keeps coordinating with main valve hole And guiding valve radially main oil-hole just aligns with main oil groove positions and is in the state of all-pass, the meanwhile secondary oil groove of main valve hole Then blocked by guiding valve main valve face (28), be in partition between secondary oil groove and the bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve of main valve hole disconnected State；When guiding valve thus position is moved to the other end of main valve hole, then guiding valve radially main oil-hole can be gradually distance from main valve hole Move closer to secondary oil groove and connect while main oil groove, until main oil groove is blocked completely by guiding valve main valve face (28), making main Path between oil groove and main valve hole and bullet part chamber cuts off completely；Spool I (12a) is the deformation of guiding valve I (12), mainly removes Two features pair valve face (21) of guiding valve I (12) and repairing hole (22), remaining structure keeps constant；Similarly, spool I (12a) the assembling mode as above-mentioned guiding valve I (12) can be taked to be slidably fitted in respectively in the main valve hole (15) of valve body also There is on all four guiding valve mechanism；The acceptable control signal from signal indicator (X) of above-mentioned guiding valve (12,12a), and then drive Movable pulley (12,12a) produces correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus regulates size and the liquid stream of the valve port opening of trimmer valve (Y) Direction, and then control the pressure of the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of controlled liquefaction cylinder, by make controlled liquefaction cylinder high pressure chest pressure release off-load and The mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, controls the piston (6) movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；When Piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate after, guiding valve (12,12a) can buffering elastic part (30) act under return, trimmer valve (Y) with oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) connection of maximum valve port of slide valve aperture with controlled liquefaction cylinder, so that controlled liquefaction cylinder is just recovering Normal duty, enters next cycle of operation.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with 1 signal indicator (X), buffering Valve (Y) is provided with 1 group of guiding valve, and signal indicator (X) is arranged in oil cylinder chamber I (3) or the oil cylinder chamber II (8) of oil cylinder main body (Z), And by the movement of signal oil circuit (16,35) spool control valve, oil cylinder can be controlled and live by the way of oil cylinder oil back chamber throttling back pressure The plug movement velocity in stroke end, can realize the one-way buffer of oil cylinder；Trimmer valve (Y) by valve body (10), guiding valve (12,12a, 12b, 12c) and buffering elastic part (30) composition, valve body (10) is provided with one group of main valve hole coaxially connected I (15) and secondary valve opening I (34), main valve hole I (15) is provided with the main oil groove I (36) gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion；Outside being additionally provided with on valve body Interface and secondary interface, respectively external tapping I (14) and secondary interface I (37), one end of main valve hole I (15) is same with secondary valve opening I (34) Axle connects, and the other end then connects with external tapping I (14)；Secondary interface I (37) is connected with main oil groove I (36), and pass through oil circuit and Signal indicator (X) cylinder body oil pocket chamber at one end be connected, and the oil pocket chamber of the cylinder body other end is directly connected to system oil-way, letter The signal chamber of number device (X) is then connected to the outer end of secondary valve opening I (34) by oil circuit, and controls to slide by control signal pressure oil The movement of cooperation guiding valve in trimmer valve (Y) main valve hole；One end of guiding valve I (12) is provided with main valve face (28) and bullet part chamber (29), the other end is provided with secondary valve face (21) and the damping hole (20) in through heart portion, damping hole (20) and bullet part chamber (29) and master Oil pocket (13) communicates, and bullet part chamber (29) penetrates into the main valve face (28) of guiding valve by the radial direction main oil-hole (23) being radially arranged；Sliding The main valve face (28) of valve coordinates with main valve hole, and secondary valve face (21) coordinates with secondary valve opening (34)；Outside the secondary valve face (21) of guiding valve Circular diameter is less than the outside diameter in main valve face (28) and is connected on circular bead surface (42) with it, and is provided with benefit on circular bead surface (42) The secondary oil pocket (41) of oilhole (22) connection and bullet part chamber (29)；Buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed on the bullet part chamber (29) of guiding valve with outer Between interface I (14), and being against bottom main valve hole by slide valve rand face (42) pushing, now guiding valve main valve face keeps with main valve hole Coordinate and guiding valve radially main oil-hole just aligns and be in the state of all-pass with main oil groove positions, when the guiding valve of trimmer valve (Y) Receiving after the control signal pressure oil of signal indicator (X), guiding valve can thus move to the other end of main valve hole position, guiding valve Radially main oil-hole (23) can be gradually distance from main oil groove so that the valve port opening of guiding valve tapers into, and oil back chamber produces the throttling back of the body Pressure, it is achieved the pooling feature of oil cylinder；Spool I (12a) is the deformation of guiding valve I (12), mainly removes two spies of guiding valve I (12) Levying secondary valve face (21) and repairing hole (22), remaining structure keeps constant；Spool II (12b) is on the basis of guiding valve I (12) On remove the radial direction main oil-hole (23) being radially arranged, remaining structure keeps constant；Spool III (12c) is at guiding valve I (12) On the basis of remove secondary valve face (21), repairing hole (22) and radially 23 3 features of main oil-hole, remaining structure keeps constant；Equally Ground, spool I (12a), spool II (12b) and spool III (12c) can take the assembling mode as above-mentioned guiding valve I (12) to divide Not being slidably fitted in the main valve hole (15) of valve body, buffering elastic part (30) compression is placed on bullet part chamber (29) and the external tapping of guiding valve (14) between, and slide valve rand face (42) pushing is against main valve hole (15) bottom, now, for spool I (12a), valve The main valve face (28) of core I (12a) and corresponding main valve hole (15) keep coordinating and this guiding valve radially main oil-hole (23) just with master Main oil groove (36) position of valve opening (15) aligns and is in the state of all-pass；And for there is no the spool II of radially main oil-hole (23) (12b) and for spool III (12c), outside main oil groove (36) is then positioned at the covering of main valve face (28) and be in the state of all-pass, The guiding valve mechanism of spool I (12a), spool II (12b) and spool III (12c) is completely the same with guiding valve I (12)；Above-mentioned guiding valve (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) all can accept the control signal from signal indicator (X) respectively, and then drive guiding valve (12,12a, 12b, 12c) Produce correspondingly sized slide displacement, thus regulate size and the liquid stream direction of the valve port opening of trimmer valve (Y), and then control quilt Control the pressure of the oil back chamber of oil cylinder, by the way of making controlled liquefaction cylinder oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control piston (6) at stroke The movement velocity of terminal, it is achieved the buffering of controlled liquefaction cylinder；After piston (6) stop motion thus buffering terminate, guiding valve (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) can at buffering elastic part (30) the lower return of effect, trimmer valve (Y) with the valve port of slide valve aperture of maximum with controlled Oil cylinder chamber (3, the 8) connection being provided with signal indicator (X) of oil cylinder, so that controlled liquefaction cylinder recovers normal duty, Enter next cycle of operation.

7. according to the arbitrary described a kind of hydraulic damping device of claim 2-3 or 5-6, it is characterised in that: can be at external tapping I (14) and between signal chamber I (1) and/or between external tapping II (32) and signal chamber II (9), check valve (43) is set, makes hydraulic oil On the direction flowing to signal chamber from external tapping in the conduction state, otherwise then end；The purpose of do so is: work as piston movement To stroke end again adverse movement time, can make to walk around damping hole (20) and then by check valve (43) from the hydraulic oil of external tapping Directly rapidly to the signal chamber fuel feeding of signal indicator (X), it is to avoid cause the signal chamber can not be the most oil-filled because damping hole throttling.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: guiding valve I (12), guiding valve II (18), valve Core I (12a), spool II (12b) and spool III (12c) can change over compound valve pocket, then replace check valve with unidirectional valve rod (43) and with compound valve pocket integrate composition combination valve (F), make combination valve (F) maintain the same of original guiding valve function Time, also possessed the function of check valve (43), thus with combination valve (F) instead of original guiding valve I (12), spool I (12a), Spool II (12b), spool III (12c) and check valve (43)；Compound valve pocket remains bullet part chamber (29) and the master of corresponding former spool Whole features on valve face (28), eliminate secondary valve face (21), and by the borehole enlargement of damping hole (20) be pilot hole (50) or Starting taper hole (50a), arranges the coaxial counterbore (47) inwardly concaved on its end face i.e. circular bead surface (42) simultaneously, and counterbore (47) is again Band repairing hole (22) can be divided into and without (22) two kinds of repairing hole structure, according to counterbore and pilot hole or the difference in starting taper hole, will Compound valve pocket divides into compound valve pocket I (18a), compound valve pocket II (18b) and three kinds of structures of compound valve pocket III (18c)；Combination valve On the counterbore of set I (18a) both with repairing hole also with pilot hole, on the counterbore of compound valve pocket II (18b) without repairing hole but With pilot hole, on the counterbore of compound valve pocket III (18c) both with repairing hole also with starting taper hole；Unidirectional valve rod can be divided into unidirectional Valve rod I (21a), unidirectional valve rod II (21b), unidirectional valve rod III (21c) and four kinds of versions of unidirectional valve rod IV (21d), can be with Corresponding compound valve pocket is combined as 4 kinds of combination valves (F), is respectively as follows: combination valve I (F1), combination valve II (F2), combination valve III (F3), combination valve IV (F4)；Combination valve I (F1) includes compound valve pocket I (18a), unidirectional valve rod I (21a) and check valve bullet part (46)；Unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is the cylinder that a cylindrical wears bullet part convex shoulder (49), lead (44) and piston boit (19b) The both sides laying respectively at bullet part convex shoulder the pilot hole (50) being slidably fitted in compound valve pocket I (18a) respectively and valve body (10) In secondary valve opening, the axle center of unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is provided with through damping hole (20) and fast oil-filled road (48), damping hole (20) Being positioned at the outer end portion of piston boit (19b) and connect with the fast oil-filled road (48) of the other end, fast oil-filled road (48) is near damping The one end in hole (20) is provided with radially fills hole (45) soon, and fast oil-filled road (48) is communicated to outer surface by filling hole (45) soon；Unidirectional One end of valve bullet part (46) is against on bullet part convex shoulder (49), and the other end is against on the end face inside secondary valve opening, by the coaxial dress of compression Fit on piston boit (19b), and bullet part convex shoulder (49) is pressed on counterbore (47) bottom of compound valve pocket I (18a)；In order to group Closing valve I (F1) to match, the outer end portion of the secondary valve opening of valve body (10) is also provided with the fast oil-filled groove formed by radial outward expansion (19a), fast oil-filled groove (19a) is connected with the signal chamber of corresponding signal indicator (X) by oil circuit；Piston boit (19b) is slidably fitted in In secondary valve opening, under normal circumstances, the collar extension filling hole (45) soon by secondary valve bore closure thus has cut off and has filled hole (45) soon with the most oil-filled Connection between groove (19a), so that the fluid in fast oil-filled road (48) can only pass through damping hole (20) and flow into fast oil-filled groove (19a), under this state, check valve is to close；When unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is moved to the direction of fast oil-filled groove (19a), fill soon In the collar extension in hole (45) can progressively disengage the closing of secondary valve opening and enter fast oil-filled groove (19a), check valve is opened, fast oil-filled road (48) fluid in can be by filling hole (45) and fast oil-filled groove (19a) quickly to the signal chamber fuel feeding of signal indicator (X) soon；Combination Valve II (F2) includes compound valve pocket II (18b), unidirectional valve rod II 21b and check valve bullet part (46), its structure and combination valve I (F1) Similar, mainly change into: the repairing hole (22) of combination valve I (F1) is had been moved to unidirectional valve rod I from compound valve pocket I (18a) (21a), on, compound valve pocket I (18a) becomes compound valve pocket II (18b) after removing repairing hole (22), unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is at it Piston boit (19b) becomes unidirectional valve rod II (21b), soon after the position of bullet part convex shoulder (49) with the addition of radial direction repairing hole (22) Oil-filled road (48) is communicated to outer surface by radially repairing hole (22), and remaining structure is identical with combination valve I (F1)；Combination valve III (F3) includes compound valve pocket I (18a), unidirectional valve rod III (21c) and check valve bullet part (46), compared with combination valve I (F1), single It is replaced for check valve bar III (21c) to valve rod I (21a), eliminates the fast oil-filled groove (19a) of valve body (10) simultaneously；Unidirectional Valve rod III (21c) is similar with the structure of unidirectional valve rod I (21a), and difference is: the damping hole of unidirectional valve rod III (21c) (20) and soon filling hole (45) and be arranged on lead one end, and fast oil-filled road (48) is arranged on piston boit one end, remaining is constant；Work as list Coordinate in the pilot hole (50) of compound valve pocket I (18a) to the lead (44) of valve rod III (21c) and its bullet part convex shoulder (49) supports When the counterbore base of compound valve pocket I (18a), its collar extension filling hole (45) soon can be positioned at pilot hole (50) and be entirely covered envelope Closing, check valve is closed；When cylinder buffer terminates and then during piston adverse movement again, and unidirectional valve rod III (21c) is in pressure Power oil can overcome the resistance of check valve bullet part to start under promoting mobile, and then makes the collar extension filling hole (45) soon gradually remove pilot hole (50) hence in counterbore (47) and in communication, check valve is opened, pressure oil will pass through repairing hole (22), counterbore (47), Fill hole (45), fast oil-filled road (48) and signal oil circuit soon and rapidly enter signal chamber, complete to fill soon function；Combination valve IV (F4) includes Compound valve pocket III (18c), unidirectional valve rod IV (21d) and check valve bullet part (46), compared with combination valve III (F3), Main change For: the lead (44) of unidirectional valve rod has become guide cone (44a), and outwardly, the pilot hole (50) of compound valve pocket then becomes small end Having become starting taper hole (50a) and coordinated with the guide cone (44a) of unidirectional valve rod, remaining structure is constant.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: can be at secondary interface II (25) and signal Between chamber II (9) and/or between secondary interface I (37) and signal chamber I (1), check valve (43) is set, makes hydraulic oil from secondary interface Flow on the direction in signal chamber in the conduction state, otherwise then end；The purpose of do so is: when piston movement is to stroke end Again during adverse movement, can make to walk around damping hole (20) and then by check valve (43) rapidly to signal from the hydraulic oil of secondary interface The signal chamber fuel feeding of device (X), it is to avoid because damping hole throttling and cause signal chamber can not timely oil-filled time produce bigger negative pressure.

A kind of hydraulic damping device the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: spool IV (12d), spool V (12e) Compound valve pocket can be changed over spool VI (12f), then replace check valve (43) integrated with compound valve pocket with unidirectional valve rod Constitute combination valve (F) together, make combination valve (F) while maintaining original guiding valve function, also possessed check valve (43) Function, thus instead of original spool IV (12d), spool V (12e), spool VI (12f) and check valve with combination valve (F) (43)；Compound valve pocket remains the whole features on the bullet part chamber (29) of corresponding former spool and main valve face (28), eliminates secondary valve Face (21), and be pilot hole (50) or starting taper hole (50a) by the borehole enlargement of damping hole (20), simultaneously at its end face i.e. circular bead surface (42) arranging the coaxial counterbore (47) inwardly concaved on, counterbore (47) can be divided into again band repairing hole (22) and without repairing hole (22) two kinds of structures, according to counterbore and pilot hole or the difference in starting taper hole, divide into compound valve pocket compound valve pocket I (18a), answer Close valve pocket II (18b) and three kinds of structures of compound valve pocket III (18c)；Both also carried with repairing hole on the counterbore of compound valve pocket I (18a) There is pilot hole, without repairing hole but with pilot hole, the counterbore of compound valve pocket III (18c) on the counterbore of compound valve pocket II (18b) On with repairing hole simultaneous with starting taper hole；Unidirectional valve rod can be divided into unidirectional valve rod I (21a), unidirectional valve rod II (21b), unidirectional Valve rod III (21c) and four kinds of versions of unidirectional valve rod IV (21d), can be combined as 4 kinds of combination valves with corresponding compound valve pocket (F) combination valve I (F1), combination valve II (F2), combination valve III (F3), combination valve IV (F4), it are respectively as follows:；Combination valve I (F1) includes Compound valve pocket I (18a), unidirectional valve rod I (21a) and check valve bullet part (46)；Unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is that a cylindrical wears a bullet The cylinder of part convex shoulder (49), lead (44) and piston boit (19b) lay respectively at bullet part convex shoulder both sides and respectively slide join Being combined in the pilot hole (50) of compound valve pocket I (18a) and the secondary valve opening of valve body (10), the axle center of unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is provided with Through damping hole (20) and fast oil-filled road (48), damping hole (20) is positioned at outer end portion and the other end of piston boit (19b) Fast oil-filled road (48) connect, fast oil-filled road (48) radially fills hole (45), soon soon being provided with near one end of damping hole (20) Oil-filled road (48) is communicated to outer surface by filling hole (45) soon；One end of check valve bullet part (46) is against on bullet part convex shoulder (49), The other end is against on the end face inside secondary valve opening, is compressed and is coaxially assemblied on piston boit (19b), and is supported by bullet part convex shoulder (49) It is pressed in counterbore (47) bottom of compound valve pocket I (18a)；In order to match with combination valve I (F1), outside the secondary valve opening of valve body (10) End portion is also provided with the fast oil-filled groove (19a) formed by radial outward expansion, and fast oil-filled groove (19a) is by oil circuit and corresponding letter The signal chamber connection of number device (X)；Piston boit (19b) is slidably fitted in secondary valve opening, under normal circumstances, fills the collar extension of hole (45) soon By secondary valve bore closure thus cut off the connection filled soon between hole (45) and fast oil-filled groove (19a), so that fast oil-filled road (48) Interior fluid can only pass through damping hole (20) and flow into fast oil-filled groove (19a), and under this state, check valve is to close；When unidirectional valve rod When I (21a) moves to the direction of fast oil-filled groove (19a), fill the collar extension in hole (45) soon and can progressively disengage the closing of secondary valve opening and go forward side by side Entering in fast oil-filled groove (19a), check valve is opened, and the fluid in fast oil-filled road (48) can be by filling hole (45) and fast oil-filled groove soon (19a) quickly to the signal chamber fuel feeding of signal indicator (X)；Combination valve II (F2) includes compound valve pocket II (18b), unidirectional valve rod II 21b and check valve bullet part (46), its structure is similar with combination valve I (F1), mainly changes into: by the repairing hole of combination valve I (F1) (22) having been moved to from compound valve pocket I (18a) on unidirectional valve rod I (21a), compound valve pocket I (18a) is removed repairing hole (22) and is become afterwards For compound valve pocket II (18b), unidirectional valve rod I (21a) with the addition of footpath at its piston boit (19b) near the position of bullet part convex shoulder (49) Becoming unidirectional valve rod II (21b) after repairing hole (22), fast oil-filled road (48) is communicated to outer surface by radially repairing hole (22), Remaining structure is identical with combination valve I (F1)；Combination valve III (F3) includes compound valve pocket I (18a), unidirectional valve rod III (21c) With check valve bullet part (46), compared with combination valve I (F1), unidirectional valve rod I (21a) is replaced for check valve bar III (21c), with Time eliminate the fast oil-filled groove (19a) of valve body (10)；Unidirectional valve rod III (21c) is similar, no with the structure of unidirectional valve rod I (21a) It is with part: the damping hole (20) of unidirectional valve rod III (21c) and fill hole (45) soon and be arranged on lead one end, and fast oil-filled road (48) being arranged on piston boit one end, remaining is constant；When the lead (44) of unidirectional valve rod III (21c) coordinates at compound valve pocket I (18a), in pilot hole (50) and when its bullet part convex shoulder (49) is against the counterbore base of compound valve pocket I (18a), it fills hole soon (45) collar extension can be positioned at pilot hole (50) and be entirely covered closing, and check valve is closed；When cylinder buffer terminates And then during piston adverse movement again, unidirectional valve rod III (21c) can overcome the resistance of check valve bullet part to start under pressure oil promotes Mobile, and then it is interior and in communication hence into counterbore (47) to make the collar extension filling hole (45) soon gradually remove pilot hole (50), single Opening to valve, pressure oil will pass through repairing hole (22), counterbore (47), to fill hole (45), fast oil-filled road (48) and signal oil circuit soon fast Speed entering signal chamber, completes to fill soon function；Combination valve IV (F4) includes compound valve pocket III (18c), unidirectional valve rod IV 21d and unidirectional Valve bullet part (46), compared with combination valve III (F3), Main change is: the lead (44) of unidirectional valve rod has become guide cone (44a), outwardly, the pilot hole (50) of compound valve pocket then becomes starting taper hole (50a) the guide cone with unidirectional valve rod to small end (44a) coordinating, remaining structure is constant.

11. 1 kinds of cushion cylinders, including oil cylinder main body (Z) and connection oil circuit, oil cylinder main body (Z) includes cylinder body (2), piston rod (4), piston (6), cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A), cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A) are connected to the two ends of cylinder body (2), piston (6) Being matched with in the cavity of cylinder body (2) as a component slippage with piston rod (4), the lumen segmentation of cylinder body (2) is become by piston (6) Oil cylinder chamber I (3) and oil cylinder chamber II (8), it is characterised in that: this cushion cylinder includes hydraulic pressure as claimed in claim 1 Buffer unit, the trimmer valve (Y) of this buffer unit is integrated or is assemblied in oil cylinder main body (Z), and signal indicator (X) is arranged on oil cylinder master In the oil cylinder chamber (3,8) of body (Z), and control signal pressure oil can be produced when oil cylinder piston is close to stroke end as control Signal controls the guiding valve of trimmer valve (Y) and moves, and then controls to adjust oil-feed and/or the return pressure of oil cylinder, by oil cylinder high pressure Chamber pressure release off-load and/or the mode of oil back chamber throttling back pressure, control the oil cylinder piston movement velocity in stroke end, it is achieved oil cylinder Buffering.

12. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the hydraulic damping device described in 4.

13. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 12, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the hydraulic damping device described in 9.

14. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 13, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the hydraulic damping device described in 10.

15. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the arbitrary described hydraulic damping device of 2-3.

16. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the arbitrary described hydraulic damping device of 5-6.

17. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 15-16, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device For hydraulic damping device as claimed in claim 7.

18. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device is such as right Require the hydraulic damping device described in 8.

19. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 12 or 15, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device Trimmer valve (Y) is integrated or is assemblied on cylinder head (B) or cylinder bottom (A), and trimmer valve (Y) is provided with two groups of valve openings, the two of two groups of valve openings In bar axis is located parallel to the same plane of oil cylinder axis and be parallel to each other and be perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis, two groups of valve openings Main valve hole and secondary valve opening arrange in a reverse direction so that it is in the secondary oil of main oil groove and another group main valve hole of one group of main valve hole Groove aligns mutually at the In-plane position being perpendicular to valve opening axis.

20. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 12 or 15, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device Trimmer valve (Y) is integrated or is assemblied on cylinder head (B) or cylinder bottom (A), and trimmer valve (Y) is provided with two groups of valve openings, the two of two groups of valve openings In bar axis is located normal to the same plane of oil cylinder axis and be parallel to each other and be perpendicular to oil cylinder axis.

21. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 12 or 15, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device Trimmer valve (Y) can be split as two parts, and every part comprises one group of guiding valve, the most integrated or be assemblied in cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A) on, centre is connected by pipeline, and the same plane that two axis of two groups of guiding valves are located parallel to oil cylinder axis is interior and mutual Parallel and be perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis.

22. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 12 or 15, it is characterised in that: described hydraulic damping device Trimmer valve (Y) can be split as two parts, and every part comprises one group of guiding valve, the most integrated or be assemblied in cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A), on, centre is connected by pipeline, and two axis of two groups of guiding valves were positioned at the same plane of oil cylinder axis and were parallel to each other And it is perpendicular or parallel to oil cylinder axis.

23. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 16, it is characterised in that: the trimmer valve of described hydraulic damping device (Y) integrated or be assemblied on cylinder head (B) or cylinder bottom (A), the valve opening axis of trimmer valve (Y) is located normal to the plane of oil cylinder axis In and be perpendicular to oil cylinder axis.

24. according to the arbitrary described a kind of cushion cylinder of claim 11-16 or 18 or 23, it is characterised in that: signal plug (5,7) Can become one the part as piston or piston rod with piston or piston rod, it is also possible to high-abrasive material or elastic material Material is made single part and is assemblied on piston or piston rod.

25. a kind of cushion cylinders according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: the trimmer valve of described hydraulic damping device (Y) two groups of guiding valves are arranged on cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A), respectively arrange one group of valve opening, valve in cylinder head (B) and cylinder bottom (A) The axis in hole was positioned at the same plane of oil cylinder axis and was parallel to each other and is perpendicular to oil cylinder axis；Cylinder head (B) arranges one group The valve opening of coaxial line, respectively main valve hole I (15) and secondary valve opening I (34), main valve hole I (15) is outer and through to cylinder head (B) Outer surface, and arrange external tapping I (14) in exit as oil cylinder chamber I (3) oil inlet and outlet with main oil way of hydraulic system even Connect；One end of secondary valve opening I (34) connects with main valve hole I (15), and the other end is by signal oil circuit I (35) and the letter on cylinder head (B) The connection of number chamber I (1)；The main oil groove I gone out along main valve hole radial outward expansion it is provided with on the about middle section position of main valve hole I (15) (36) oil path in oil cylinder I (38) that, main oil groove I (36) is arranged by inside connects with oil cylinder chamber I (3)；It is similar with cylinder head (B), Cylinder bottom (A) is also provided with the valve opening of one group of coaxial line, respectively main valve hole II (31) and secondary valve opening II (19), and main valve hole II (31) leans on Outer and outer surface through to cylinder bottom (A), and external tapping II (32) is set in exit as the turnover oil of oil cylinder chamber II (8) Mouth is connected with main oil way of hydraulic system；One end of secondary valve opening II (19) connects with main valve hole II (31), and the other end passes through signal oil Road II (16) connects with the signal chamber II (9) on cylinder bottom (A)；It is provided with along main valve on the about middle section position of main valve hole II (31) The main oil groove II (24) that hole radial outward expansion goes out, main oil groove II (24) is by the internal oil path in oil cylinder II (17) arranged and oil cylinder Chamber II (8) connects.