CN107091354B - Piezoelectric type internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through type axial air inlet - Google Patents

Piezoelectric type internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through type axial air inlet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107091354B
CN107091354B CN201710504625.5A CN201710504625A CN107091354B CN 107091354 B CN107091354 B CN 107091354B CN 201710504625 A CN201710504625 A CN 201710504625A CN 107091354 B CN107091354 B CN 107091354B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
valve core
air inlet
core assembly
guide pin
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CN201710504625.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107091354A (en
Inventor
路勇
彭文博
赵文圣
范立云
宋恩哲
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/004—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by piezoelectric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0251—Details of actuators therefor
    • F02M21/0254—Electric actuators, e.g. solenoid or piezoelectric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0269—Outwardly opening valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/1221—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston one side of the piston being spring-loaded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through type axial air inlet, which utilizes piezoelectric crystals to electrify and elongate, and pushes a guide pin of a valve core assembly to move after amplifying displacement by a hydraulic amplifier, and the valve core assembly moves away from a valve seat under the internal guide action of a matching surface between the guide pin and a baffle plate, so that the gas injection function of the gas valve is realized; the valve seat structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity is adopted, so that fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve can be effectively restrained, and stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve is ensured; according to the invention, the pressure balance hole is arranged at the guide pin, the pressure balance groove is arranged at the bottom plate, so that the inner and outer gas paths of the valve core assembly are balanced, no gas pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the valve core assembly is ensured, the valve core assembly is prevented from receiving additional axial force, the response speed of the gas injection valve is further improved, and the control difficulty of the gas injection valve is reduced.

Description

Piezoelectric type internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through type axial air inlet
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas injection valve, in particular to a gas injection valve on a gas engine and a dual-fuel internal combustion engine.
Background
With the rapid development of society, petroleum resources are increasingly scarce, emission pollution problems are increasingly serious, one of the effective solutions is to find an available alternative energy, and natural gas has become the most promising energy source because of the advantages of abundant reserves, good economy, small emission pollution and the like, and is widely paid attention to people. In the industry of internal combustion engines, the inevitable trend of the development of energy conservation and emission reduction is that the internal combustion engine using natural gas as main fuel can greatly reduce the emission pollution condition on the premise of ensuring the dynamic performance, the internal combustion engine using natural gas as main fuel has become a research hot spot in the industry in recent years, and the fuel gas injection valve is used as an important executive component in the gas supply system of the gas fuel internal combustion engine, so that the performance of the fuel gas injection valve directly influences the characteristics of the internal combustion engine. At present, in the actual working process of the gas injection valve, the response time of the gas injection valve is generally between a few milliseconds and tens of milliseconds according to the different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, namely, the gas injection valve needs to have high response speed to meet the requirement of rapid switching of the gas injection valve, meanwhile, the gas injection valve also needs to have a gas outlet cross section area as large as possible so as to ensure that the internal combustion engine obtains sufficient gas supply, and in addition, the characteristics of the gas injection valve such as the quantity of the gas supplied by the gas injection valve, the stability and the control precision of the injected gas pressure and the like can influence the performance of the internal combustion engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piezoelectric type internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through axial air inlet, which has the advantages of variable lift, high response speed and stable air injection pressure.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the invention relates to a piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through type axial air inlet, which is characterized in that: comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a piezoelectric crystal, a control valve rod, a hydraulic amplifier, a partition plate and a valve core assembly, wherein the valve seat is fixed below the valve body and forms a valve space with the valve body, a fixed block is fixed above the inside of the valve body, a straight groove is formed in the middle of the fixed block, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight groove, the partition plate is arranged in the middle of the valve body, the hydraulic amplifier is arranged above the partition plate, the valve core assembly is arranged below the partition plate, through holes and vent holes are respectively arranged on the partition plate, the hydraulic amplifier comprises a large piston, a small piston and a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged on the partition plate, the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a thick outlet, the inner side of the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a thin outlet, the large piston is arranged in the thick outlet, the small piston is arranged in the thin outlet, a large piston supporting spring is arranged between the flange of the large piston and the sleeve, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between the flange of the small piston and the sleeve, the sleeve below the large piston and the small piston is filled with hydraulic oil, the guide pin penetrates through the through hole of the partition plate, the control valve rod is arranged above the guide pin, the guide pin reset spring is arranged between the guide pin and the control valve rod, the upper surface of the control valve rod is attached to the piezoelectric crystal, the lower surface of the control valve rod is attached to the upper surface of the large piston, the upper surface of the small piston is attached to the guide pin, the valve core assembly comprises an armature, a spring seat, a bottom plate and a valve core, the armature, the bottom plate and the valve core are arranged from top to bottom and are simultaneously connected together through fastening bolts, the spring seat is positioned outside the armature and forms an annular groove with the armature, the lower surface of the partition plate is provided with the annular groove, two ends of the armature reset spring are respectively arranged in the annular groove of the partition plate and the annular groove of the spring seat, the guide pin is fixed with the armature, the guide pin is internally provided with a pressure balance hole, the bottom plate is provided with a pressure balance groove, the valve core is of a hollow structure, a central pressure stabilizing cavity is arranged on a valve seat below the valve core, a pressure balancing hole, a pressure balancing groove, a hollow part of the valve core and the central pressure stabilizing cavity are communicated and form an inner space, a sealing ring belt is arranged on the valve core, the sealing ring belt forms an air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet ring belt is arranged on the valve seat, the air outlet ring belt is arranged below the air inlet ring cavity, and an air outlet is arranged below the air outlet ring belt.
The invention may further include:
1. the outer end of the valve seat is provided with an end pressure stabilizing cavity.
2. An air inlet is formed between the upper part of the fixed block and the valve body, an air inlet cavity is formed between the middle lower part of the fixed block and the hydraulic amplifier and between the hydraulic amplifier and the valve body, a flow guiding cavity is formed between the valve core assembly and the valve body, the air inlet cavity, the air vent and the flow guiding cavity are communicated and form an external space, the external space is communicated with the internal space, and an axial air inlet hole is formed in the valve core;
the fuel gas vertically flows into the valve body through the air inlet, flows along the air inlet cavity and flows until flowing through the vent hole, one part of the fuel gas flows into the inner space of the valve core assembly and the central pressure stabilizing cavity of the valve seat, the other part of the fuel gas continuously flows along the flow guiding cavity, one part of the fuel gas flows into the air inlet cavity through the axial air inlet hole and fills the air inlet annular cavity of the valve core, and the other part of the fuel gas fills the end pressure stabilizing cavity at the outer end of the seat and the surrounding space of the valve core;
when the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, a sealing ring belt on the valve core is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat, and the gas fills the external space and the internal space inside the valve body of the gas injection valve; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal is excited by current to extend so as to push the large piston to move downwards, hydraulic oil in the sleeve is compressed, the small piston moves upwards under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, the guide pin also moves upwards to drive the valve core assembly to move upwards, the gas injection valve is opened, the gas circuit is opened until the hydraulic oil pressure in the sleeve returns to an initial state, the large piston and the small piston do not move any more, the valve core assembly stops, gas flows in from an axial air inlet hole on the valve core, passes through a gas inlet ring cavity, passes through a gap between the valve core and a valve seat, and finally flows out vertically after being guided by the gas outlet; after the piezoelectric crystal is powered off, the piezoelectric crystal is shortened, the large piston returns to the initial position under the action of the large piston supporting spring, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the sleeve is reduced, the guide pin moves downwards under the action of the guide pin restoring spring, the small piston and the valve core assembly move downwards along with the guide pin until the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the sleeve returns to the initial state, the large piston and the small piston return to the initial position, the valve core assembly returns to the initial position, the valve core surface is attached to the valve seat surface, the gas injection valve is closed, and the gas path is closed.
The invention has the advantages that: the piezoelectric crystal is electrified and elongated, the guide pin of the valve core assembly is pushed to move after the displacement is amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, and the valve core assembly moves away from the valve seat under the internal guide action of the matching surface between the guide pin and the partition plate, so that the gas injection function of the gas valve is realized; the invention adopts the piezoelectric crystal driving mode, effectively improves the response speed of the gas injection valve, and realizes the variable lift of the gas injection valve through different current driving modes of the piezoelectric crystal; the invention adopts a straight-through air supply mode, so that the sufficient supply of the fuel gas entering the valve body is ensured; the bottom end of the valve core is provided with a sealing ring belt so as to form an air inlet ring cavity, so that fuel gas is prevented from entering along the axial direction, the gas path balance is ensured, the valve seat quality is lightened, and the response speed is improved; the invention adopts the valve seat structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity, which can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve and ensure the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve; according to the invention, the pressure balance hole is arranged at the guide pin, the pressure balance groove is arranged at the bottom plate, so that the inner and outer gas paths of the valve core assembly are balanced, no gas pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the valve core assembly is ensured, the valve core assembly is prevented from receiving additional axial force, the response speed of the gas injection valve is further improved, and the control difficulty of the gas injection valve is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the valve core assembly structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gas path diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the valve core;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a three-dimensional structure of a valve seat.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-5, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a piezoelectric internal guiding gas injection valve with straight-through axial air intake, which comprises a valve body 1, a piezoelectric crystal 2, a fixed block 3, a control valve rod 4, a large piston 5, a large piston supporting spring 6, a sealing ring 7, a sleeve 8, a guide pin 9 return spring 10, a small piston 11, a small piston supporting spring 14, a valve core assembly 16, a sealing rubber ring and a valve seat 17. The fixed block 3 is connected with the valve body 1 by utilizing threads, so that the fixed block is fixed at the central position above the valve body 1, a straight groove with a certain depth is formed in the central position of the fixed block 3, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is arranged in the straight groove, a through hole with a smaller diameter is formed above the straight groove and is used for arranging a connecting wire of the piezoelectric crystal 2 and a control unit outside the valve body 1, a control valve rod 4 is tightly arranged below the piezoelectric crystal 2, the lower surface of the control valve rod 4 is contacted with the upper surface of a large piston 5, under the pretightening force of a guide pin reset spring 9 and a large piston support spring 6, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal 2 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the control valve rod 4, the lower surface of the control valve rod 4 and the upper surface of the large piston 6, two outlets are respectively a thick outlet and a thin outlet, the lower end is a communicated closed cavity, the lower end of the large piston 5 is arranged in the thick outlet of the sleeve 8, the large piston supporting spring 6 is positioned between the flange of the large piston 5 and the sleeve 8, the large piston 5 cannot integrally enter the sleeve, the sleeve 8 is filled with hydraulic oil 12 with certain pressure, a small piston 10 is arranged above the thin outlet of the sleeve 8, the lower end of the small piston 10 is arranged therein, a small piston supporting spring 11 is arranged between the flange of the small piston 10 and the sleeve 8, the small piston 10 cannot integrally enter the sleeve, sealing rings 7 are arranged between the side surfaces of the large piston 5 and the small piston 10 and the inner wall of the sleeve 8, so as to prevent leakage of the hydraulic oil 12 in the sleeve 8, the large piston 5, the small piston 10, the large piston supporting spring 6 and the small piston supporting spring 11 form a piezoelectric crystal hydraulic amplifier together with the sleeve 8, the hydraulic amplifier is integrally arranged above a baffle 13 in the valve body 1, the valve core assembly 14 and the valve seat 17 are sequentially arranged below the central position of the control valve rod 4 from top to bottom, the upper surface of the small piston 10 is tightly attached to the upper end of the valve core assembly 14 under the action of the pretightening force of the small piston supporting spring 11, the valve seat 17 is provided with a bolt hole 37, the valve seat 17 and the valve body 1 are fixedly connected together through bolts, the matching surface between the two is sealed through the sealing rubber ring 16, the valve seat 17 is provided with pressure stabilizing cavities 15 at the central position and two ends close to the sealing ring belt 24, the pressure stabilizing cavities 15 at the central position of the valve seat 17 are communicated with the gas space inside the valve core assembly 14, and the pressure stabilizing cavities 15 at the two ends of the valve seat 17 are communicated with the flow guiding cavity 33 inside the valve body 1; the pressure stabilizing cavity 15 on the valve seat 17 can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure caused by the gas injection valve in the working process, and ensures the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve.
As shown in fig. 2, the valve core assembly 14 of the piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through axial air intake consists of a guide pin 19, an armature 20, a spring seat 21, a bottom plate 22, a valve core 23, an armature return spring 26, a gasket 27 and a fastening bolt 29, wherein in order to ensure that the guide pin 19 moves stably, a plurality of sleeves 8 are arranged below the guide pin, a plurality of small pistons 10 are symmetrically arranged below the guide pin 19, the number is even, the upper surface of the small pistons 10 is closely attached to the lower surface of the guide pin 19 in the valve core assembly 14 under the action of the small piston support spring 11, the center of the guide pin 19 is provided with a pressure balance hole 25, the guide pin 19 is arranged in a through hole in the center of a partition plate 13, the lower end of the guide pin 19 is fixed with the armature 20 through threaded connection, the armature 20 is connected with the bottom plate 22 and the valve core 23 through a layer of the fastening bolt 29, a gasket 27 is arranged between the armature 20 and the bottom plate 22, four pressure balance grooves 28 are arranged above the bottom plate 22, the spring seat 21 is arranged above the bottom plate 22, the inner side surfaces of the armature are contacted with the side surfaces of the armature 20, the reset spring 26 are respectively positioned below the annular grooves 22, the two ends of the valve core assembly 14 are respectively arranged below the bottom plate 13, the valve core assembly is formed by the annular ring groove 24, and the valve core assembly 4 is sealed;
as shown in fig. 3, in a piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through axial air intake, firstly, gas flows vertically into a valve body 1 through an air inlet 30, flows vertically along an air inlet cavity 31 until flowing through vent holes 32 at two ends of a partition plate 13 on the valve body 1, and due to the existence of a pressure balance groove 28 on a bottom plate 22, the internal space of a valve core assembly 14 is communicated with the internal space of the valve body 1, a part of gas flows into the internal space of the valve core assembly 14, and then fills the internal space of the valve core assembly 14 and a pressure stabilizing cavity 15 in the center of a valve seat 17, and due to the existence of a pressure balance hole 25 on a guide pin 19, the gas flows into the space above the valve core assembly 14 and also fills the space above the valve core assembly 14, so that the internal and external air paths reach balance, no pressure difference is ensured inside and outside the valve core assembly 14, and the valve core assembly is prevented from being subjected to additional axial force; the rest of the fuel gas flows into the full valve body 1 along the flow guide cavity 33, one part flows into the air inlet ring cavity 35 with a certain depth around the multi-channel sealing ring belt 24 through the axial air inlet holes 34, and the other part fills the pressure stabilizing cavities 15 at two ends of the valve seat 17 and the surrounding space of the valve core 23. When the piezoelectric crystal 2 is not electrified, the surface of the valve core 23 is attached to the surface of the valve seat 17, and the air inlet ring cavity 35 on the valve core 23 is not communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 18 on the valve seat 17; after the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal 2 stretches, the valve core assembly 14 is driven to move upwards after being amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the surface of the valve core 23 is separated from the surface of the valve seat 17, at the moment, the air inlet ring cavity 35 is communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 18, and the lifting and seating of the valve core 23 controls the on-off between the air inlet ring cavity 35 and the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 18.
When the piezoelectric crystal 2 is not electrified in the working process of the fuel gas injection valve, under the pretightening force of the guide pin reset spring 9 and the armature reset spring 26, the valve core assembly 14 is kept motionless at the initial position, the sealing ring belt 24 on the valve core 23 in the valve core assembly 14 is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat 17, the air inlet ring cavity 35 on the valve core 23 is not communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 18 on the valve seat 17, and the fuel gas fills the whole space inside the valve body 1 of the fuel gas injection valve. After the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is excited by current so as to extend, the control valve rod 4 moves downwards, the large piston 5 moves downwards along with the control valve rod, the pressure of hydraulic oil 12 in the sleeve 8 rises, under the action of the pressure of the hydraulic oil 12, the small piston 10 moves upwards, the guide pin 19 moves upwards steadily after receiving the upward acting force of the four small pistons 10, the guide pin 19 serves as a part of the valve core assembly 14, the valve core assembly 14 moves upwards along with the guide pin, at the moment, the gas injection valve is opened, the gas channel is opened, until the pressure of the hydraulic oil 12 in the sleeve 8 returns to the initial state, the large piston 5 and the small piston 10 stop moving, the valve core assembly 14 stops moving along with the valve core assembly, the valve core assembly 14 is maintained at the position for a period of time, during the process, fuel gas flows in from the axial air inlet holes 34 on the valve core 23, flows out through the air inlet annular cavities 35 with a certain depth around the multiple sealing annular bands 24, flows out vertically between the valve core 23 and the valve seat 17 through gaps between the valve core 23 and the valve seat 36, the valve core 23 and the valve seat 17 is vertically, the pressure stabilizing annular band is adopted, the surface is sealed, the balance is realized, the impact area can be reduced, the reliability is improved, the valve core assembly 17 is stopped, the movement is stopped, the valve core assembly is uniformly moves at the two air pressure stabilizing cavities at the two ends of the pressure stabilizing cavity and the pressure stabilizing cavity is arranged at the center position of the pressure stabilizing cavity 15; after the fuel gas is sprayed out a certain amount, the piezoelectric crystal 2 starts to be powered off, the piezoelectric crystal 2 shortens, the large piston 5 starts to move upwards under the action of the large piston supporting spring 6, the pressure of the hydraulic oil 12 in the sleeve 8 decreases, the guide pin 19 starts to move downwards under the action of the guide pin return spring 9, the small piston 10 and the valve core assembly 14 move downwards together until the pressure of the hydraulic oil 12 in the sleeve 8 returns to an initial state, the large piston 5 and the small piston 10 return to the initial positions, the valve core assembly 14 correspondingly returns to the initial positions at the moment, the surface of the valve core 23 is attached to the surface of the valve seat 17 and returns to the initial positions again, the fuel gas injection valve is closed, and the gas path is closed.
The working process can be known as follows: in the working process, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified and elongated, the guide pin 19 of the valve core assembly 14 is pushed to move after the displacement is amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, and the whole valve core assembly 14 moves away from the valve seat 17 under the internal guide action of the matching surface between the guide pin 19 and the partition plate 13, so that the gas injection function of the gas valve is realized; the invention adopts the mode of driving the piezoelectric crystal 2, effectively improves the response speed of the gas injection valve, and realizes the variable lift of the gas injection valve; the invention adopts a straight-through air supply mode, so that the sufficient supply of the fuel gas entering the valve body is ensured; the bottom end of the valve core 23 is provided with a sealing ring belt 24 so as to form an air inlet ring cavity 35, so that fuel gas enters axially, on one hand, the interference of the fuel gas is avoided, the balance of the air path is ensured, on the other hand, the quality of the valve seat 17 is lightened, and the response speed is improved; the invention adopts the valve seat 17 structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity 15, which can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve and ensure the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve; according to the invention, the pressure balance hole 25 is arranged at the guide pin 19, the pressure balance groove 28 is arranged at the bottom plate 22, so that the internal and external gas paths of the valve core assembly 14 are balanced, no gas pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the valve core assembly 14 is ensured, the valve core assembly 14 is prevented from receiving extra axial force, the response speed of the gas injection valve is further improved, and the control difficulty of the gas injection valve is reduced.
The invention relates to a piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve with straight-through axial air intake, which comprises a valve body, a piezoelectric crystal, a fixed block, a control valve rod, a large piston supporting spring, a sealing ring, a sleeve, a guide pin restoring spring, a small piston supporting spring, a valve core assembly, a sealing rubber ring and a valve seat, wherein the fixed block is connected with the valve body through threads to ensure that the fixed block is fixed at the central position above the valve body, the fixed block is provided with a straight groove with a certain depth at the central position, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight groove, a through hole with a smaller diameter is arranged above the straight groove and is used for arranging the piezoelectric crystal and a connecting wire of a control unit outside the valve body, the control valve rod is tightly arranged below the piezoelectric crystal, the lower surface of the control valve rod is contacted with the upper surface of the large piston under the pretightening force of the guide pin restoring spring and the large piston supporting spring, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal is closely attached to the upper surface of the control valve rod, the lower surface of the control valve rod is closely attached to the upper surface of the large piston, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with two outlets, namely a thick outlet and a thin outlet, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a communicated closed cavity, the lower end of the large piston is arranged in the thick outlet of the sleeve, the large piston supporting spring is positioned between the large piston flange and the sleeve to ensure that the large piston cannot integrally enter the sleeve, the sleeve is filled with hydraulic oil with certain pressure, a small piston is arranged above the thin outlet of the sleeve, the lower end of the small piston is arranged in the sleeve, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between the small piston flange and the sleeve to ensure that the small piston cannot integrally enter the sleeve, sealing rings are arranged between the side surfaces of the large piston and the small piston and the inner wall of the sleeve to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil in the sleeve, and the large piston, the small piston and the large piston supporting spring, the small piston supporting spring and the sleeve form a hydraulic amplifier of a piezoelectric crystal together, the hydraulic amplifier is arranged above a partition plate in the valve body as a whole, a valve core assembly and a valve seat are sequentially arranged below the center position of the control valve rod from top to bottom, the upper surface of the small piston is tightly attached to the upper end of the valve core assembly under the pretightening force of the small piston supporting spring, a bolt hole is formed in the valve seat, the valve seat and the valve body are fixedly connected together through a bolt, the matching surface between the valve seat and the valve body is sealed through a sealing rubber ring, pressure stabilizing cavities are formed at the two ends of the valve seat at the center position and close to a sealing ring belt, the pressure stabilizing cavities at the center position of the valve seat are communicated with a gas space inside the valve core assembly, and the pressure stabilizing cavities at the two ends of the valve seat are communicated with a diversion cavity in the valve body; the valve core assembly comprises a guide pin, an armature return spring, a spring seat, a gasket, a bottom plate, a fastening bolt and a valve core, wherein a plurality of sleeves are arranged below the guide pin to ensure the guide pin to move stably, a plurality of small pistons are symmetrically arranged below the guide pin, the number of the small pistons is even, under the action of a small piston support spring, the upper surface of the small piston is tightly attached to the lower surface of the guide pin in the valve core assembly, the center of the guide pin is provided with a pressure balance hole, the pressure balance hole is arranged in a through hole in the center of a partition plate, the lower end of the guide pin is fixed with the armature through threaded connection, the armature is connected with the bottom plate and the valve core through the fastening bolt, a layer of gasket is arranged between the armature and the bottom plate, four pressure balance grooves are formed above the bottom plate, the spring seat is arranged above the bottom plate, the side surface of the spring seat is contacted with the side surface of the armature, two ends of the armature return spring are respectively positioned in annular grooves of the partition plate and the spring seat, the valve core below the bottom plate consists of a valve core main body and a sealing ring, and the valve core assembly is integrally arranged below a control valve rod; the fuel gas vertically flows into the valve body through the air inlet, flows along the air inlet cavity and flows through the air holes at two ends of the upper partition plate of the valve body, the inner space of the valve core assembly is communicated with the inner space of the valve body due to the pressure balance groove on the bottom plate, a part of fuel gas flows into the inner space of the valve core assembly, the inner space of the valve core assembly and the pressure stabilizing cavity at the center of the valve seat are filled immediately, and the fuel gas flows into the upper space of the valve core assembly due to the pressure balance hole on the guide pin and also fills the upper space of the valve core assembly; the rest of the fuel gas flows into the valve body along the flow guide cavity, one part of the fuel gas flows into the valve body through the axial air inlet holes, fills the air inlet annular cavity with a certain depth around the multi-channel sealing annular band, and the other part of the fuel gas fills the pressure stabilizing cavities at the two ends of the valve seat and the surrounding space of the valve core. When the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, the surface of the valve core is attached to the surface of the valve seat, and an air inlet annular cavity on the valve core is not communicated with an annular cavity near an air outlet annular band on the valve seat; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal stretches, the valve core assembly is driven to move upwards after being amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the surface of the valve core is separated from the surface of the valve seat, at the moment, the air inlet ring cavity is communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt, and lifting and seating of the valve core control on-off between the air inlet ring cavity and the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt.

Claims (3)

1. A piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve of straight-through type axial air intake is characterized in that: comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a piezoelectric crystal, a control valve rod, a hydraulic amplifier, a partition plate and a valve core assembly, wherein the valve seat is fixed below the valve body and forms a valve space with the valve body, a fixed block is fixed above the inside of the valve body, a straight groove is formed in the middle of the fixed block, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight groove, the partition plate is arranged in the middle of the valve body, the hydraulic amplifier is arranged above the partition plate, the valve core assembly is arranged below the partition plate, through holes and vent holes are respectively arranged on the partition plate, the hydraulic amplifier comprises a large piston, a small piston and a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged on the partition plate, the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a thick outlet, the inner side of the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a thin outlet, the large piston is arranged in the thick outlet, the small piston is arranged in the thin outlet, a large piston supporting spring is arranged between the flange of the large piston and the sleeve, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between the flange of the small piston and the sleeve, the sleeve below the large piston and the small piston is filled with hydraulic oil, the guide pin penetrates through the through hole of the partition plate, the control valve rod is arranged above the guide pin, the guide pin reset spring is arranged between the guide pin and the control valve rod, the upper surface of the control valve rod is attached to the piezoelectric crystal, the lower surface of the control valve rod is attached to the upper surface of the large piston, the upper surface of the small piston is attached to the guide pin, the valve core assembly comprises an armature, a spring seat, a bottom plate and a valve core, the armature, the bottom plate and the valve core are arranged from top to bottom and are simultaneously connected together through fastening bolts, the spring seat is positioned outside the armature and forms an annular groove with the armature, the lower surface of the partition plate is provided with the annular groove, two ends of the armature reset spring are respectively arranged in the annular groove of the partition plate and the annular groove of the spring seat, the guide pin is fixed with the armature, the guide pin is internally provided with a pressure balance hole, the bottom plate is provided with a pressure balance groove, the valve core is of a hollow structure, a central pressure stabilizing cavity is arranged on a valve seat below the valve core, a pressure balancing hole, a pressure balancing groove, a hollow part of the valve core and the central pressure stabilizing cavity are communicated and form an inner space, a sealing ring belt is arranged on the valve core, the sealing ring belt forms an air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet ring belt is arranged on the valve seat, the air outlet ring belt is arranged below the air inlet ring cavity, and an air outlet is arranged below the air outlet ring belt.
2. The through-type axial air inlet piezoelectric internal guide gas injection valve according to claim 1, wherein: the outer end of the valve seat is provided with an end pressure stabilizing cavity.
3. A piezoelectric, internal pilot gas injection valve for straight through axial intake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: an air inlet is formed between the upper part of the fixed block and the valve body, an air inlet cavity is formed between the middle lower part of the fixed block and the hydraulic amplifier and between the hydraulic amplifier and the valve body, a flow guiding cavity is formed between the valve core assembly and the valve body, the air inlet cavity, the air vent and the flow guiding cavity are communicated and form an external space, the external space is communicated with the internal space, and an axial air inlet hole is formed in the valve core;
the fuel gas vertically flows into the valve body through the air inlet, flows along the air inlet cavity and flows until flowing through the vent hole, one part of the fuel gas flows into the inner space of the valve core assembly and the central pressure stabilizing cavity of the valve seat, the other part of the fuel gas continuously flows along the flow guiding cavity, one part of the fuel gas flows into the air inlet cavity through the axial air inlet hole and fills the air inlet annular cavity of the valve core, and the other part of the fuel gas fills the end pressure stabilizing cavity at the outer end of the seat and the surrounding space of the valve core;
when the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, a sealing ring belt on the valve core is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat, and the gas fills the external space and the internal space inside the valve body of the gas injection valve; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal is excited by current to extend so as to push the large piston to move downwards, hydraulic oil in the sleeve is compressed, the small piston moves upwards under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, the guide pin also moves upwards to drive the valve core assembly to move upwards, the gas injection valve is opened, the gas circuit is opened until the hydraulic oil pressure in the sleeve returns to an initial state, the large piston and the small piston do not move any more, the valve core assembly stops, gas flows in from an axial air inlet hole on the valve core, passes through a gas inlet ring cavity, passes through a gap between the valve core and a valve seat, and finally flows out vertically after being guided by the gas outlet; after the piezoelectric crystal is powered off, the piezoelectric crystal is shortened, the large piston returns to the initial position under the action of the large piston supporting spring, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the sleeve is reduced, the guide pin moves downwards under the action of the guide pin restoring spring, the small piston and the valve core assembly move downwards along with the guide pin until the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the sleeve returns to the initial state, the large piston and the small piston return to the initial position, the valve core assembly returns to the initial position, the valve core surface is attached to the valve seat surface, the gas injection valve is closed, and the gas path is closed.
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CN107165747B (en) * 2017-06-28 2023-06-09 哈尔滨工程大学 Piezoelectric type internal guide gas injection valve with bypass type axial air inlet
CN110608305B (en) * 2018-06-15 2024-02-20 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 Gas valve device and gas water heater
CN112081987B (en) * 2020-08-17 2022-03-25 费尔顿技术(上海)有限公司 Pressure stabilizer built in proportional valve

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DE19500706C2 (en) * 1995-01-12 2003-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Metering valve for dosing liquids or gases
US7100577B2 (en) * 2004-06-14 2006-09-05 Westport Research Inc. Common rail directly actuated fuel injection valve with a pressurized hydraulic transmission device and a method of operating same
FR2872882B1 (en) * 2004-07-12 2008-03-21 Wartsila France Sa CARTRIDGE FOR VALVE FOR CONTROLLING A FLOW OF FLUID, VALVE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH CARTRIDGE AND ENGINE COMPRISING SAID VALVE
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