CN107091355B - Bypass type piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with axial air inlet - Google Patents

Bypass type piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with axial air inlet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107091355B
CN107091355B CN201710504654.1A CN201710504654A CN107091355B CN 107091355 B CN107091355 B CN 107091355B CN 201710504654 A CN201710504654 A CN 201710504654A CN 107091355 B CN107091355 B CN 107091355B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
valve core
air inlet
sleeve
gas injection
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CN107091355A (en
Inventor
路勇
彭文博
赵文圣
范立云
宋恩哲
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/004—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by piezoelectric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0251—Details of actuators therefor
    • F02M21/0254—Electric actuators, e.g. solenoid or piezoelectric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0269—Outwardly opening valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
    • F16K31/1221—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston one side of the piston being spring-loaded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a piezoelectric type external-guiding gas injection valve with bypass type axial air inlet, which utilizes piezoelectric crystals to electrify and elongate, and small pistons which are symmetrically arranged push a circular ring disc to move upwards steadily after the piezoelectric crystals amplify displacement, and the circular ring disc drives a valve core assembly to move away from a valve seat under the external guiding action of a guide block on the outer side through a valve rod so as to realize the function of gas injection of the gas valve; the bypass air supply mode is adopted to guide the flow of the fuel gas in the valve body; the bottom end of the valve core is provided with a sealing ring belt so as to form an air inlet ring cavity, so that fuel gas is prevented from entering along the axial direction, the gas path balance is ensured, the valve seat quality is lightened, and the response speed is improved; the invention adopts the valve seat structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity, which can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve and ensure the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve.

Description

Bypass type piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with axial air inlet
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas injection valve, in particular to a gas injection valve on a gas engine and a dual-fuel internal combustion engine.
Background
With the rapid development of society, the energy demand is increasing, the problem of environmental pollution is also increasing, natural gas is the most promising energy source for the development because of its abundant reserves, low price and good economy and emission, and the natural gas is used as the main fuel for the operation of the internal combustion engine in the internal combustion engine industry, and has remarkable effect for reducing the emission problem, so the internal combustion engine using natural gas as fuel has become a research hotspot in the internal combustion engine industry in recent years. The fuel gas injection valve is used as an important executive component in the gas supply system of the gas fuel internal combustion engine, and the performance of the fuel gas injection valve directly influences the characteristics of the internal combustion engine. At present, in the actual working process of the gas injection valve, according to the different rotation speeds of the internal combustion engine, the response time of the gas injection valve is generally between a few milliseconds and tens of milliseconds, namely the gas injection valve needs to have the characteristic of quick response so as to meet the requirement of quick opening and closing, meanwhile, in order to meet the gas injection quantity required by the high power of the internal combustion engine, the gas injection valve also needs to have the largest gas injection flow area as much as possible, and in addition, the characteristics of the flowing state of the gas itself, the stability of the injection pressure, the control precision and the like can influence the performance of the internal combustion engine when the gas injection valve works.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bypass type axial air inlet piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with variable lift, quick response and stable air injection pressure.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the invention relates to a bypass type piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with axial air inlet, which is characterized in that: comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a valve rod, a piezoelectric crystal, a hydraulic amplifier, a partition board and a valve core assembly, wherein a fixed block is fixed above the valve body, a straight slot is formed in the middle of the fixed block, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight slot, the valve body is fixed on the valve seat, the partition board is arranged in the valve body, the hydraulic amplifier is arranged above the partition board, the valve core assembly is arranged below the partition board, a valve space is formed between the valve body below the partition board and the valve seat, the hydraulic amplifier comprises a large piston, a small piston and a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged on the partition board, the center of the upper end of the sleeve is a coarse outlet, the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is a fine outlet, the large piston is arranged in the coarse outlet, the small piston is arranged in the fine outlet, a large piston supporting spring is arranged between a flange of the large piston and the sleeve, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between a flange of the small piston and the sleeve, hydraulic oil is filled in the sleeve below the large piston and the small piston, the upper surface of the large piston is attached to the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal, the annular disc is arranged outside the large piston, the upper surface of the small piston is attached to the lower surface of the annular disc, grooves are formed in the annular disc and the fixed block, two ends of the reset spring are respectively arranged in the grooves of the annular disc and the fixed block, the valve core assembly comprises an armature, a spring seat, a bottom plate and a valve core, the armature, the bottom plate and the valve core are simultaneously connected together through fastening bolts from top to bottom, the spring seat is positioned outside the armature and forms an annular groove with the armature, the lower surface of the partition plate is provided with the annular groove, two ends of the reset spring are respectively arranged in the annular groove of the partition plate and the annular groove of the spring seat, a pressure balance hole is formed in the center of the armature, a pressure balance groove is formed in the bottom plate, the valve core is of a hollow structure, a central pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in a valve seat below the valve core, and the pressure balance hole and the pressure balance groove, the hollow part of the valve core is communicated with the central pressure stabilizing cavity and forms an internal space, a sealing ring belt is arranged on the valve core, the sealing ring belt forms an air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet ring belt and a guide block are arranged on the valve seat, the guide block is positioned around the valve core, the air outlet ring belt is positioned below the air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet is arranged below the air outlet ring belt, a through hole is arranged on the partition plate, the middle part of the valve rod penetrates through the through hole, the upper part of the valve rod is connected with the annular disc, and the lower part of the valve rod is fixed with the armature through a clamp spring.
The invention may further include:
1. the outer end of the valve seat is provided with an end pressure stabilizing cavity.
2. The valve body is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part is provided with an air inlet, a flow guide cavity is arranged in the valve body below the air inlet, the air inlet and the flow guide cavity are communicated and form an external space, the external space is communicated with the internal space, and the valve core is provided with an axial air inlet;
the fuel gas vertically flows into the flow guiding cavity through the air inlet, a part of the fuel gas flows into the inner space and the central pressure stabilizing cavity of the valve seat, the rest of the fuel gas flows into the upper part of the valve core, a part of the fuel gas flows through the axial air inlet hole to fill the air inlet ring cavity on the valve core, and the other part of the fuel gas flows into the end pressure stabilizing cavity at the outer end of the valve seat;
when the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, a sealing ring belt on the valve core is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat, and the gas fills the external space and the internal space inside the valve body of the gas injection valve; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal is excited by current to extend so as to push the large piston to move downwards, hydraulic oil in the sleeve is compressed, the small piston moves upwards under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, the valve rod also moves upwards, the valve core assembly is driven to move upwards under the fixing action of the clamp spring until the hydraulic oil pressure in the sleeve returns to an initial state, the small piston does not move any more, the valve core assembly is stopped, fuel gas flows in from an axial air inlet hole on the valve core, passes through an air inlet ring cavity, passes through a gap between the valve core and a valve seat, and finally flows out vertically after being guided through an air outlet; after the piezoelectric crystal is powered off, the piezoelectric crystal is shortened, the large piston returns to the initial position under the action of the large piston supporting spring, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the sleeve is reduced, the annular disc and the small piston move downwards under the action of the reset spring, the valve rod and the valve core assembly move downwards along with the annular disc and the small piston until the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the sleeve returns to the initial state, the large piston and the small piston return to the initial position, the valve core assembly returns to the initial position, the surface of the valve core is attached to the surface of the valve seat, the gas injection valve is closed, and the gas path is closed.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the piezoelectric crystal is electrified and elongated, after displacement is amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the symmetrically arranged small pistons push the annular disc to move upwards steadily, and the annular disc drives the valve core assembly to move away from the valve seat under the external guiding action of the outer guide block through the valve rod, so that the gas injection function of the gas valve is realized; the invention adopts the piezoelectric crystal driving mode, effectively improves the response speed of the gas injection valve, and realizes the variable lift of the gas injection valve through different current driving modes of the piezoelectric crystal; the invention adopts a bypass air supply mode to guide the flow of the fuel gas in the valve body; the bottom end of the valve core is provided with a sealing ring belt so as to form an air inlet ring cavity, so that fuel gas is prevented from entering along the axial direction, the gas path balance is ensured, the valve seat quality is lightened, and the response speed is improved; the invention adopts the valve seat structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity, which can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve and ensure the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve; according to the invention, the pressure balance hole is arranged at the armature, the pressure balance groove is arranged at the bottom plate, so that the inner air channel and the outer air channel of the valve core assembly are balanced, the upper and lower fuel gas pressure difference of the valve core assembly is ensured, the valve core assembly is prevented from receiving additional axial force, the response speed of the fuel gas injection valve is further improved, and the control difficulty of the fuel gas injection valve is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a valve core assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gas path diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a valve core;
fig. 5 is a top view of the valve seat.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1-5, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bypass type axial air intake piezoelectric external guide gas injection valve of the present invention, which comprises a fixed block 1, a piezoelectric crystal 2, a valve body 3, a return spring 4, a large piston 5, a large piston support spring 6, a sealing ring 7, a sleeve 8, a sealing rubber ring 9, a sealing rubber ring 10, a positioning bolt 12, a sealing rubber ring 13, a circular ring disk 14, a valve rod 15, a small piston support spring 16, a small piston 17, a partition 19, a clamp spring 20, a valve core assembly 21, an air outlet annulus 23 and a valve seat 24, wherein the valve body 3 is a cuboid, one end close to the center of the valve body 3 is provided with a gas inlet 35 and a flow guiding cavity 36, the other end close to the center of the valve body 3 is provided with holes of a certain depth up and down along the axial direction, the middle of the two holes is provided with a partition 19 of a certain depth, the hole space below the partition 19 is communicated with the flow guiding cavity 36, the fixed block 1 is connected with the valve body 3 by a positioning bolt 12, so that the fixed block is fixed at the central position of the top end of a hole above the partition plate 19, the matching surface between the fixed block 1 and the valve body 3 is kept sealed by a sealing rubber ring 13, the fixed block 1 is provided with a straight groove with a certain depth at the central position, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is arranged in the straight groove, a through hole with smaller diameter is arranged above the straight groove and is used for arranging a connecting wire of the piezoelectric crystal 2 and a control unit outside the valve body 3, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal 2 is contacted with the upper surface of the large piston 5, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal 2 is tightly attached with the upper surface of the large piston 5 under the pretightening force of the large piston supporting spring 6, the upper end of the sleeve 8 is provided with a plurality of outlets, the central outlet is a coarse outlet, the peripheral outlet is a fine outlet, the peripheral outlet is symmetrically arranged below the circular disc 14, the lower end is provided with a communicated closed cavity, the lower end of the large piston 5 is arranged in a thick outlet at the center of the sleeve 8, the large piston supporting spring 6 is positioned between the flange of the large piston 5 and the sleeve 8, the large piston 5 cannot integrally enter the sleeve 8, the sleeve 8 is filled with hydraulic oil 18 with certain pressure, a small piston 17 is arranged above the thin outlets at the two ends of the sleeve 8, the lower end of the small piston 17 is arranged therein, a small piston supporting spring 16 is arranged between the flange of the small piston 17 and the sleeve 8, the small piston 17 cannot integrally enter the sleeve 8, a sealing ring 7 is arranged between the side surfaces of the large piston 5 and the small piston 17 and the inner wall of the sleeve 8, so as to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil 18 in the sleeve 8, the large piston 5, the small piston 17, the large piston supporting spring 6 and the small piston supporting spring 16 together with the sleeve 8 form a hydraulic amplifier of a piezoelectric crystal, the hydraulic amplifier is integrally arranged above a baffle 19 in the valve body 3, under the pretightening force of the small piston supporting spring 16, the upper surface of the small piston 17 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the annular disk 14, two ends of the return spring 4 are respectively arranged in grooves on the fixed block 1 and the annular disk 14, two ends of the annular disk 14 are provided with round holes, threads are arranged in the holes, the annular disk 14 is connected with the valve rod 15 by the threads, the valve rod 15 is arranged in a through hole in the partition 19, the lower end of the valve rod 15 is fixed with the upper end of the valve core assembly 21 by the clamp spring 20, the valve core assembly 21 and the valve seat 24 are sequentially arranged below the partition 19 from top to bottom, the valve seat 24 and the valve body 3 are fixedly connected together by bolts, the matching surfaces between the two are sealed by the sealing rubber ring 10, the two ends of the valve seat 24, which are close to the sealing ring belt 29, are provided with the pressure stabilizing cavities 11, the pressure stabilizing cavity 11 at the center of the valve seat 24 is communicated with the gas space inside the valve core assembly 21, and the pressure stabilizing cavities 11 at the two ends of the valve seat 24 are communicated with the space inside the valve body 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the valve core assembly 21 of the bypass type axial air inlet piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve consists of an armature 25, a spring seat 26, a bottom plate 27, a valve core 28, an armature return spring 31, a gasket 32 and a fastening bolt 34, wherein the armature 25 is connected with the bottom plate 27 and the valve core 28 through the fastening bolt 34, a layer of gasket 32 is arranged between the armature 25 and the bottom plate 27, a pressure balance hole 30 is formed in the armature 25, four pressure balance grooves 33 are formed above the bottom plate 27, the pressure balance hole 30 in the center of the armature 25 is matched with the pressure balance groove 33 on the bottom plate 27, so that the inner space of the valve core assembly 21 is communicated with the outer space, the internal and external gas channels are balanced, the internal and external gas of the valve core assembly 21 has no pressure difference, the external gas is prevented from being subjected to additional axial force during movement, the spring seat 26 is arranged above the bottom plate 27, the side surface of the interior of the valve seat is contacted with the side surface of the armature 25, two ends of the return spring 31 are respectively arranged on annular grooves of the partition plate 19 and the spring seat 26, the valve core 28 consists of a valve core main body and a sealing annular belt 29, four guide blocks are circumferentially fixed on the valve seat 24, and the whole partition plate 21 is arranged below the partition plate 19.
As shown in fig. 3, in a bypass type axial air-intake piezoelectric external-guiding gas injection valve, firstly, gas vertically enters from an air inlet 35 on a valve body 3, is guided by a guide cavity 36, and then flows into a surrounding space of a valve core assembly 21 from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, and due to the existence of a pressure balance hole 30 on an armature 25 and a pressure balance groove 33 on a bottom plate 27, the inner space of the valve core assembly 21 is communicated with the inner space of the valve body 3, and a part of gas flows into the inner space of the valve core assembly 21, so that the inner space of the valve core assembly 21 and a pressure stabilizing cavity 11 in the center of a valve seat 24 are filled immediately; the rest of the fuel gas flows into the upper part of the valve core 28, one part of the fuel gas flows into the air inlet ring cavity 38 with a certain depth around the multi-channel sealing ring belt 29 through the axial air inlet holes 37 on the valve core 28, and the other part of the fuel gas fills the pressure stabilizing cavities 11 at the two ends of the valve seat 24 and the surrounding space of the valve core 28. When the piezoelectric crystal 2 is not electrified, the surface of the valve core 28 is attached to the surface of the valve seat 24, and an air inlet annular cavity 38 on the valve core 28 is not communicated with an annular cavity near an air outlet annular belt 23 on the valve seat 24; after the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal 2 stretches, the valve core assembly 21 is driven to move upwards after being amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the surface of the valve core 28 is separated from the surface of the valve seat 24, at the moment, the air inlet ring cavity 38 is communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 23, and the lifting and seating of the valve core 28 controls the on-off between the air inlet ring cavity 38 and the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 23.
When the piezoelectric crystal 2 is not electrified in the working process of the fuel gas injection valve, under the action of the armature return spring 31, the valve core assembly 21 is kept motionless at the initial position, the sealing ring belt 29 on the valve core 28 in the valve core assembly 21 is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat 24, the air inlet ring cavity 38 on the valve core 28 is not communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt 23 on the valve seat 24, and the whole space inside the valve body 3 of the fuel gas injection valve is filled with fuel gas. After the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is excited by current to extend so as to push the large piston 5 to move downwards, the hydraulic oil 18 in the sleeve 8 is compressed, the pressure rises, under the action of the pressure of the hydraulic oil 18, the small piston 17 on a thin outlet in the sleeve 8 moves upwards, the small piston 17 is symmetrically distributed below the annular disk 14 and stably pushes the annular disk 14 to move upwards, due to the connecting effect of threads, the valve rod 15 also moves upwards, finally, under the fixing effect of the clamp spring 20, the valve core assembly 21 is driven to move upwards, during the moving process of the valve core assembly 21, external guiding is realized through the guide block 22 until the pressure of the hydraulic oil 18 in the sleeve 8 returns to an initial state, the small piston 17 does not move, the valve core assembly 21 stops, the valve core assembly 21 is maintained at the position for a period of time, fuel gas flows in through the axial air inlet holes 37 on the valve core 28, through the air inlet annular cavities 38 with a certain depth around the multiple sealing annular belts 29, and finally flows out through the air outlet 39 guide between the valve core 28 and the valve seat 24, the valve core assembly is vertically, the annular belt is used for face sealing and balanced, and the wider reliability is improved, the pressure of the fuel gas is enabled to flow in the pressure stabilizing cavity is balanced at the center of the two pressure stabilizing cavities, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is set up in the pressure stabilizing center of the pressure stabilizing cavity, and the pressure stabilizing cavity is balanced by the pressure stabilizing cavity 11; after the fuel gas is sprayed out a certain amount, the piezoelectric crystal 2 starts to be powered off, the piezoelectric crystal 2 shortens, the large piston 5 starts to return to the initial position under the action of the large piston supporting spring 6, the pressure of hydraulic oil 18 in the sleeve 8 is reduced, the annular disc 14 and the small piston 17 start to move downwards under the action of the reset spring 4, the valve rod 15 and the valve core assembly 21 move downwards along with the pressure of the hydraulic oil 18 in the sleeve 8 until the pressure of the hydraulic oil 18 returns to the initial state, the large piston 5 and the small piston 17 return to the initial position, the valve core assembly 21 correspondingly returns to the initial position at the moment, the surface of the valve core 28 is attached to the surface of the valve seat 24 and returns to the initial position again, and the fuel gas injection valve is closed and the gas path is closed.
The working process can be known as follows: in the working process, the piezoelectric crystal 2 is electrified and stretched, after the displacement is amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the symmetrically arranged small pistons 17 push the annular disk 14 to move upwards steadily, and the annular disk 14 drives the valve core assembly 21 to move away from the valve seat 24 under the external guiding action of the outer guide block 22 by the valve rod 15, so that the gas injection function of the gas valve is realized; the invention adopts the mode of driving the piezoelectric crystal 2, effectively improves the response speed of the gas injection valve, and realizes the variable lift of the gas injection valve through different current driving modes of the piezoelectric crystal 2; the invention adopts a bypass air supply mode to guide the flow of the fuel gas in the valve body 3; the sealing ring belt 29 is applied to the bottom end of the valve core 28 so as to form an air inlet ring cavity 38, so that fuel gas enters axially, on one hand, the interference of the fuel gas is avoided, the balance of the air path is ensured, on the other hand, the quality of the valve seat 24 is reduced, and the response speed is improved; the invention adopts the valve seat 24 structure with the pressure stabilizing cavity 11, which can effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the gas pressure in the gas injection valve and ensure the stability of the gas injection pressure of the gas injection valve; according to the invention, the pressure balance hole 30 is arranged at the armature 25, the pressure balance groove 33 is arranged at the bottom plate 27, so that the internal and external gas paths of the valve core assembly 21 are balanced, no gas pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the valve core assembly 21 is ensured, the valve core assembly 21 is prevented from receiving extra axial force, the response speed of the gas injection valve is further improved, and the control difficulty of the gas injection valve is reduced.
The invention relates to a piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with bypass type axial air intake, which comprises a fixed block, a piezoelectric crystal, a valve body, a reset spring, a large piston supporting spring, a sealing ring, a sleeve, a sealing rubber ring, a positioning bolt, a circular ring disk, a valve rod, a small piston supporting spring, a small piston, a clamp spring, a valve core assembly and a valve seat, wherein the valve body is a cuboid, one end close to the center of the valve body is provided with a gas inlet and a flow guiding cavity, the other end close to the center of the valve body is provided with holes with a certain depth up and down along the axial direction, the two holes are provided with a partition plate with a certain depth in the middle, a hole space below the partition plate is communicated with the flow guiding cavity, the fixed block is connected with the valve body by the positioning bolt, so that the valve body is fixed at the center position of the top end of the hole above the partition plate, the sealing is kept on the matching surface between the fixed block and the valve body by the sealing rubber ring, the fixed block is provided with a straight slot with a certain depth at the center position, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight slot, a through hole with a smaller diameter is arranged above the straight slot and is used for arranging a connecting wire of the piezoelectric crystal and a control unit outside the valve body, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal is contacted with the upper surface of a large piston, the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal is tightly attached to the upper surface of the large piston under the pretightening force of a large piston supporting spring, the upper end of a sleeve is provided with a plurality of outlets, the center outlet is a thick outlet, the surrounding outlets are thin outlets and are symmetrically arranged below a circular disc, the lower end of the sleeve is a communicated closed cavity, the lower end of the large piston is arranged in the thick outlet at the center of the sleeve, the large piston supporting spring is positioned between a flange of the large piston and the sleeve, the large piston cannot integrally enter the sleeve, hydraulic oil with a certain pressure is filled in the sleeve, the thin outlets at two ends of the sleeve are provided with small pistons, the lower end of the small piston is arranged in the small piston, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between a small piston flange and the sleeve to ensure that the small piston cannot integrally enter the sleeve, a sealing ring is arranged between the side surfaces of the large piston and the small piston and the inner wall of the sleeve to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil in the sleeve, the large piston, the small piston, the large piston supporting spring, the small piston supporting spring and the sleeve together form a hydraulic amplifier of a piezoelectric crystal, the hydraulic amplifier is integrally arranged above a partition plate in a valve body, under the action of the pretightening force of the small piston supporting spring, the upper surface of the small piston is tightly attached to the lower surface of a circular ring disc, two ends of a reset spring are respectively arranged in grooves on a fixed block and the circular ring disc, two ends of the circular ring disc are provided with round holes, threads are used for connecting the circular ring disc and a valve rod together, the lower end of the valve rod is fixedly arranged in a through hole in the partition plate, a valve core assembly and a bolt hole is formed in the lower part of the partition plate from top to bottom, the valve seat is formed on the valve seat, the valve seat is fixedly connected together through bolts, the matched surface between the valve seat and the valve seat is sealed with the valve seat, and the two ends of the valve seat are communicated with the valve seat, and the valve seat is sealed with the inner space at the positions of the valve seat, and the two ends of the valve seat are communicated with the sealing space; the valve core assembly comprises an armature, a spring seat, a bottom plate, a valve core, an armature return spring, a gasket and a fastening bolt, wherein the armature is connected with the bottom plate and the valve core through the fastening bolt, a layer of gasket is arranged between the armature and the bottom plate, a pressure balance hole is formed in the armature, four pressure balance grooves are formed above the bottom plate, the pressure balance hole in the center of the armature is matched with the pressure balance groove in the bottom plate, so that the inner space and the outer space of the valve core assembly are communicated, an inner gas channel and an outer gas channel are balanced, the inner gas channel and the outer gas channel of the valve core assembly have no pressure difference, the valve core assembly is prevented from receiving extra axial force during movement, the spring seat is arranged above the bottom plate, the inner side surface of the spring seat is contacted with the side surface of the armature, two ends of the armature return spring are respectively arranged on annular grooves of the partition plate and the spring seat, the valve core is formed by a valve core main body and a sealing ring belt, and the valve core is circumferentially fixed on four guide blocks on a valve seat, and the perpendicularity of the valve core assembly is guaranteed; after the fuel gas is guided by the flow guide cavity, the flowing direction of the fuel gas is changed from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction and flows into the space around the valve core assembly, and due to the pressure balance hole on the armature and the pressure balance groove on the bottom plate, the space inside the valve core assembly is communicated with the space inside the valve body, and a part of the fuel gas flows into the space inside the valve core assembly, so that the space inside the valve core assembly and the pressure stabilizing cavity in the center of the valve seat are filled immediately; the rest of the fuel gas flows into the upper part of the valve core, one part of the fuel gas flows into the valve core through the axial air inlet holes, the air inlet annular cavity with a certain depth is filled around the multi-channel sealing annular band, and the other part of the fuel gas fills the pressure stabilizing cavities at the two ends of the valve seat and the surrounding space of the valve core. When the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, the surface of the valve core is attached to the surface of the valve seat, and an air inlet annular cavity on the valve core is not communicated with an annular cavity near an air outlet annular band on the valve seat; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal stretches, the valve core assembly is driven to move upwards after being amplified by the hydraulic amplifier, the surface of the valve core is separated from the surface of the valve seat, at the moment, the air inlet ring cavity is communicated with the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt, and lifting and seating of the valve core control on-off between the air inlet ring cavity and the ring cavity near the air outlet ring belt.

Claims (3)

1. A piezoelectric type external guiding gas injection valve with bypass type axial air intake is characterized in that: comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a valve rod, a piezoelectric crystal, a hydraulic amplifier, a partition board and a valve core assembly, wherein a fixed block is fixed above the valve body, a straight slot is formed in the middle of the fixed block, the piezoelectric crystal is arranged in the straight slot, the valve body is fixed on the valve seat, the partition board is arranged in the valve body, the hydraulic amplifier is arranged above the partition board, the valve core assembly is arranged below the partition board, a valve space is formed between the valve body below the partition board and the valve seat, the hydraulic amplifier comprises a large piston, a small piston and a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged on the partition board, the center of the upper end of the sleeve is a coarse outlet, the end part of the upper end of the sleeve is a fine outlet, the large piston is arranged in the coarse outlet, the small piston is arranged in the fine outlet, a large piston supporting spring is arranged between a flange of the large piston and the sleeve, a small piston supporting spring is arranged between a flange of the small piston and the sleeve, hydraulic oil is filled in the sleeve below the large piston and the small piston, the upper surface of the large piston is attached to the lower surface of the piezoelectric crystal, the annular disc is arranged outside the large piston, the upper surface of the small piston is attached to the lower surface of the annular disc, grooves are formed in the annular disc and the fixed block, two ends of the reset spring are respectively arranged in the grooves of the annular disc and the fixed block, the valve core assembly comprises an armature, a spring seat, a bottom plate and a valve core, the armature, the bottom plate and the valve core are simultaneously connected together through fastening bolts from top to bottom, the spring seat is positioned outside the armature and forms an annular groove with the armature, the lower surface of the partition plate is provided with the annular groove, two ends of the reset spring are respectively arranged in the annular groove of the partition plate and the annular groove of the spring seat, a pressure balance hole is formed in the center of the armature, a pressure balance groove is formed in the bottom plate, the valve core is of a hollow structure, a central pressure stabilizing cavity is formed in a valve seat below the valve core, and the pressure balance hole and the pressure balance groove, the hollow part of the valve core is communicated with the central pressure stabilizing cavity and forms an internal space, a sealing ring belt is arranged on the valve core, the sealing ring belt forms an air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet ring belt and a guide block are arranged on the valve seat, the guide block is positioned around the valve core, the air outlet ring belt is positioned below the air inlet ring cavity, an air outlet is arranged below the air outlet ring belt, a through hole is arranged on the partition plate, the middle part of the valve rod penetrates through the through hole, the upper part of the valve rod is connected with the annular disc, and the lower part of the valve rod is fixed with the armature through a clamp spring.
2. The bypass axial inlet piezoelectric externally piloted gas injection valve of claim 1, wherein: the outer end of the valve seat is provided with an end pressure stabilizing cavity.
3. A bypass axial inlet piezoelectric externally piloted gas injection valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the valve body is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part is provided with an air inlet, a flow guide cavity is arranged in the valve body below the air inlet, the air inlet and the flow guide cavity are communicated and form an external space, the external space is communicated with the internal space, and the valve core is provided with an axial air inlet;
the fuel gas vertically flows into the flow guiding cavity through the air inlet, a part of the fuel gas flows into the inner space and the central pressure stabilizing cavity of the valve seat, the rest of the fuel gas flows into the upper part of the valve core, a part of the fuel gas flows through the axial air inlet hole to fill the air inlet ring cavity on the valve core, and the other part of the fuel gas flows into the end pressure stabilizing cavity at the outer end of the valve seat;
when the piezoelectric crystal is not electrified, a sealing ring belt on the valve core is tightly matched with the upper surface of the valve seat, and the gas fills the external space and the internal space inside the valve body of the gas injection valve; after the piezoelectric crystal is electrified, the piezoelectric crystal is excited by current to extend so as to push the large piston to move downwards, hydraulic oil in the sleeve is compressed, the small piston moves upwards under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, the valve rod also moves upwards, the valve core assembly is driven to move upwards under the fixing action of the clamp spring until the hydraulic oil pressure in the sleeve returns to an initial state, the small piston does not move any more, the valve core assembly is stopped, fuel gas flows in from an axial air inlet hole on the valve core, passes through an air inlet ring cavity, passes through a gap between the valve core and a valve seat, and finally flows out vertically after being guided through an air outlet; after the piezoelectric crystal is powered off, the piezoelectric crystal is shortened, the large piston returns to the initial position under the action of the large piston supporting spring, the pressure of hydraulic oil in the sleeve is reduced, the annular disc and the small piston move downwards under the action of the reset spring, the valve rod and the valve core assembly move downwards along with the annular disc and the small piston until the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the sleeve returns to the initial state, the large piston and the small piston return to the initial position, the valve core assembly returns to the initial position, the surface of the valve core is attached to the surface of the valve seat, the gas injection valve is closed, and the gas path is closed.
CN201710504654.1A 2017-06-28 2017-06-28 Bypass type piezoelectric type external guide gas injection valve with axial air inlet Active CN107091355B (en)

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DE10310297A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector
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CN105508082B (en) * 2015-11-27 2018-07-24 哈尔滨工程大学 It is pressurized No leakage electromagnetic control type fuel gas ejecting device
CN105756811B (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-12-19 哈尔滨工程大学 Combined type piezoelectricity and supercharging electromagnetism fuel gas ejecting device
CN105756824B (en) * 2016-04-21 2018-01-19 哈尔滨工程大学 Combined type piezoelectric fuel injection is pressurized electromagnetism jet hybrid fuel jet device
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