CN205155005U - Can control isolated couple of air chamber hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder outward - Google Patents
Can control isolated couple of air chamber hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder outward Download PDFInfo
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- CN205155005U CN205155005U CN201520570784.1U CN201520570784U CN205155005U CN 205155005 U CN205155005 U CN 205155005U CN 201520570784 U CN201520570784 U CN 201520570784U CN 205155005 U CN205155005 U CN 205155005U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a can control isolated couple of air chamber hydro -pneumatic suspension cylinder outward is including piston rod, piston, internally piloting valves, cylinder, sealing seat ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline. Cylinder, piston rod and piston enclose and become to hang the jar inner chamber. Cylinder, sealing seat ring and piston rod, piston enclose into subsidiary oil cavity. Subsidiary oil cavity fills notes hydraulic oil, keeps apart completely with outstanding jar inner chamber. It includes cylinder inner chamber and piston rod inner cavity to hang the jar inner chamber. Fill notes hydraulic oil in the cylinder inner chamber, the bottom is equipped with the external control interface. Fill among the piston rod inner cavity and annotate hydraulic oil and nitrogen gas. Cylinder inner chamber and piston rod inner cavity form complete, independent outstanding jar inner chamber system through the internally piloting valves. Subsidiary oil cavity through external accumulator of pipeline and control valve, forms independent external control return circuit. The control valve is equipped with the external control interface. Through two external control interfaces, can control suspension cylinder. It constitutes two air chamber back pressure opposition structures with the external control return circuit to hang jar inner chamber system. The internally piloting valves carries out automatic variable damping control according to the system pressure to hanging jar inner chamber system.
Description
Technical field
This patent relates to a kind of pneumatic cylinder, and openly one can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder specifically, and disclose its new structural characteristics and using function.
Background technique
Pneumatic cylinder is integrated with structural principle and the using function of pneumatic spring and hydraulic damper, has better mechanical characteristic and application area.Pneumatic cylinder Inner portion fills nitrogen and hydraulic oil.Nitrogen, as Elastic medium and energy-accumulating medium, has variation rigidity characteristic, and has larger stored energy ratio than metallic resilient material.Hydraulic oil, as resisting medium, produces damping force by the damping structure of suspension cylinder inside.
Owing to being encapsulated in housing structure by nitrogen, thus pneumatic cylinder has the working pressure larger than pneumatic spring and capacity.With conventional hydraulic cylinder similar, by kinematic relation and mounting structure, pneumatic cylinder is also made up of cylinder assembly and piston rod assembly, and internal capacity separate space comprises rod chamber, rodless cavity, and piston rod is hollow-core construction normally.Wherein, rodless cavity is called outstanding cylinder inner chamber, is made up of inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.Rod chamber is called secondary oil pocket, is the annulus surrounded between suspension cylinder waist sidewall by cylinder assembly and piston rod assembly.
When outstanding cylinder inner chamber uses as a cavity, inner filled hydraulic oil and nitrogen, also claim air-fuel mixture chamber or mixing oil pocket.In use, the volume space amplitude of variation of secondary oil pocket is maximum, is typically used as the source of the internally-damped flow of suspension cylinder.Secondary oil pocket inside fills hydraulic oil, and on the piston rod sidewall of its inside cavities, is provided with damp channel and outstanding cylinder inner chamber is connected.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be two kinds of typical structure patterns of the two oil pocket pneumatic cylinder of single air chamber.Piston rod puts structure to Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 is the underlying structure of piston rod.Only the oil pocket of filled hydraulic oil is called pure oil pocket, comprises variable pure oil pocket and immutable pure oil pocket.Variable pure oil pocket is communicated with mixed oil pocket and forms damp channel.Suspension cylinder compression or when drawing god, the volume of variable pure oil pocket and mixed oil pocket, pressure change and produces damping flow.The two oil recess structure of single air chamber, secondary oil pocket is as variable pure oil pocket and suspension inner space.Suspension cylinder internal system pressure externally provides the active area of elastic force, is called that pressure application surface amasss.Produce the area of damping flow with suspension cylinder compression or draw speed, be called damping discharge area.The elastic force of suspension cylinder, by suspension cylinder internal system pressure and the long-pending decision of pressure application surface.The damping flow of system, is compressed by damping discharge area and suspension cylinder or draw speed determines.In the two oil recess structure of single air chamber, pressure application surface amasss as suspension cylinder piston rod cylindrical area, and stiffness curve is see Figure 11.Damping discharge area is the sectional area of variable pure oil pocket, namely the annulus area of secondary oil pocket cavity.Damping characteristic is see Figure 13.
As shown in Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 6, be four kinds of typical single air chamber three oil recess structures, pressure application surface amasss as rod areas, and stiffness curve is see Figure 11.Three oil recess structures are, by piston or valve board structure, outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.What fill separately hydraulic oil is main oil pocket, and what fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen is mixing oil pocket simultaneously.Piston or valve plate are furnished with damping structure, are communicated with inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, form inner chamber damp channel.Secondary oil pocket, by piston rod sidewall damping structure and the conducting of outstanding cylinder inner chamber, forms secondary oil pocket damp channel.Damping characteristic is see Figure 13.
Figure 3 shows that and piston rod puts structure.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, respectively with piston rod cavity (mixing oil pocket) conducting, form two damp channels arranged side by side.The composite structure of the damping structure on the damping structure on piston rod sidewall and piston or valve plate also normally one-way valve and damping hole.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is inner cavity of cylinder area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 4 shows that the underlying structure of piston rod.Secondary oil pocket is variable pure oil pocket, and piston rod cavity (main oil pocket) is immutable pure oil pocket.Secondary oil pocket, by piston rod cavity and inner cavity of cylinder (mixing oil pocket) conducting, synthesizes a damp channel.Damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 5 shows that the underlying structure of another kind of piston rod.Piston rod cavity separates oil/gas part by a floating piston, forms mixing oil pocket.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, respectively with piston rod cavity conducting, form two damp channels arranged side by side.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is inner cavity of cylinder area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
Figure 6 shows that and piston rod puts pressure compensation structure.Inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket), secondary oil pocket are variable pure oil pocket, and piston rod cavity is mixing oil pocket.Secondary oil pocket → main oil pocket → mixing oil pocket series connection conducting, forms the damp channel of two series connection.The complementary relationship of mineralization pressure, flow between secondary oil pocket and main oil pocket.Eliminate the system negative pressure appearance of pneumatic cylinder, and the applies amplitude of remarkable elevator system damping constant.The damping discharge area of main oil cavity channel is piston rod cylindrical area, and the damping discharge area of secondary oil cavity channel is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, be three kinds of typical two air chamber three oil pocket oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structures, be piston rod underlying.
Fig. 7 is two air chamber forward cascaded structures.Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity respectively comprise one mixing oil pocket, between be communicated with by damping structure.Secondary oil pocket is as variable pure oil pocket and piston rod cavity conducting, and provide the main damping flow of system, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket area.Can produce additional damping flow between two mixing oil pockets, size and the flow direction depend on the initial inflation process parameter of upper and lower two air chambers.Two mixing oil pockets in secondary oil pocket and inner cavity of cylinder, piston rod cavity form the oil hydraulic circuit of an all-pass, comprise two damp channels.The pressure application surface of suspension cylinder entirety amasss as rod areas, and stiffness curve is see Figure 11.Damping characteristic is see Figure 13.
Fig. 8 is two reverse opposed structures of air chamber.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber is isolated into inner cavity of cylinder independent of each other and piston rod cavity by the piston of an enclosed construction.Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity respectively comprise a mixing oil pocket.The pressure of piston rod cavity, imports secondary oil pocket by a circuits, forms the opposed structure of back-pressure with inner cavity of cylinder.Its elastic force exports, and be the difference of the Output pressure of inner cavity of cylinder area and the Output pressure of secondary oil pocket area, stiffness curve is see Figure 12.Secondary oil pocket, as variable pure oil pocket, by forming a damp channel with the connecting pipeline of piston rod cavity, forms the damping flow of system.The damping discharge area of system is secondary oil pocket area.Damping characteristic is see Figure 13.
Fig. 9 is the another kind of two reverse opposed structure of air chamber, stiffness characteristics and Fig. 8 Structure type together, see Figure 12.Be with the difference of Fig. 8 structure: inner cavity of cylinder is variable pure oil pocket, the outside accumulator that increases is as mixing oil pocket, and centre is connected with orifice valve by pipeline, forms main oil pocket damp channel.Main oil cavity channel damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder area, and secondary oil cavity channel damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
It should be noted that:
1, except the two oil recess structure (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) of single air chamber on basis, piston rod is put structure and the underlying structure of piston rod, no longer there is identical mechanical model and mechanical relationship (as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4).And relating to the difference of hydraulic oil, the package structure of nitrogen, position and damp channel structure, a kind of pneumatic cylinder of structure possibly cannot use after being inverted.This is also a feature of pneumatic cylinder.
2, the volume-variation of damping traffic source variable pure oil pocket when suspension cylinder compression or stretching of suspension cylinder.And variable pure oil pocket must be connected to mixing oil pocket by the generation of damping flow, or be finally connected to mixing oil pocket, to form damp channel by the pure oil pocket of another one.Otherwise the mechanical relationship of suspension cylinder inside is just false.
From existing (Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9) various application structure, secondary oil pocket is all the main source as system damping flow, and all connects with outstanding cylinder inner chamber bar none, forms the oil hydraulic circuit to outer closure.
3, shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, the opposed structure of the underlying back-pressure of piston rod is.Although obtain better stiffness characteristics (Figure 12), but these two kinds of structures must based on the physical isolation to inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, so just lose the association on structure important between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, position, speed, flow and pressure, and the guide-tube structure of piston rod cavity complexity occupies the inner useful space.Make in outstanding cylinder inner chamber based on cannot carrying out arranging to the variable damper structure of position, flow and Stress control relation and applying.In addition, the guide-tube structure of piston rod cavity complexity, installation and maintenance difficulty, reliability are poor.
4, nine kinds of structures listing of Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9, are the main structure form of existing pneumatic cylinder in stiffness structure.Under conventional structure, the damping structure of system is made up of damping hole, one-way valve, can not regulate and control in using process.The damping characteristic of system is quadratic curve F=f (v) based on speed term, forward and reverse difference, see Figure 13.
Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 7 structure, stiffness characteristics is basically identical, and characteristic curve, see Figure 11, is a forward nonlinear curve, there is hard spot in the initial position of curve.Whole suspension cylinder built-in system is a closed loop, cannot introduce outside input and control.But based on inner space and structural configuration mutative damp mechanism, variable damper control can be realized to a certain extent.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 structure, although obtain better stiffness characteristics, eliminates hard spot (load-deflection curve is see Figure 12), lacks control objectives and the controlling unit of external control, is also difficult to realize the outside control to system stiffness, state.And due in its structure to the physical separation of outstanding cylinder inner chamber, ensuing variable damper control cannot be realized.
Initiatively and semi-active control suspension system, what stress is active or half initiatively Comprehensive Control to system stiffness, damping, stroke, state.Existing pneumatic cylinder fondational structure, lacks architecture basics and the condition of complete realization.
5, the pneumatic cylinder of existing various structure, be all focus on suspension cylinder therein rigidity and the collocation of damping characteristic and the integrity of independent operating and reliable rows, do not consider that setting applies external input port and the internal control link of ACTIVE CONTROL by outside.Its inner oil pocket, air chamber be interrelated, mutually control, and is also all independently use as separate part usually before.But as whole chassis, especially active, semi-active suspension, needs just different road conditions, running state, different driving and operating environment, carries out active or semi-active control.But whole pneumatic cylinder does not construct the independent link controlled for external control or the combination of many suspension cylinders, the premium properties of pneumatic cylinder and combination potentiality are made to can not get giving a full play of.Hang on cylinder structure in existing type and apply the disorder that outside ACTIVE CONTROL can cause outstanding cylinder interior flow, pressure, cause the stability of a system and reliability to go wrong.
Active and semi-active suspension have on the high-end product such as car, commercial vehicle to be applied widely.It is mainly based on the combination with automatically controlled damper such as leaf spring, helical spring, pneumatic spring, introduces automatical control system and controls.But be limited to sprung parts, the displacement volume of automatical control system, control capability, the problem such as system accuracy and cost structure, the application of large vehicle and general product is very limited.Also space state is being in based on the application on the engineering of hydro pneumatic suspension, heavy type and popular vehicle.A kind of basic pneumatic cylinder structure that can be used for initiatively and under semi-active control system is urgently proposed.
Summary of the invention
This patent proposes one can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, build the independent link being used for combining control between outside ACTIVE CONTROL and many suspension cylinders, setting external control point, form inner, two, outside independently hydraulic circuit system, form initiatively or the basic suspension cylinder modular construction of semi-active control hydro-pneumatic suspension system.
This patent adopts following organization plan to realize above-mentioned characteristic and function: one can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, comprising: piston rod, piston, internally piloted valve group, cylinder barrel, seal holder ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline; Cylinder barrel, piston rod and piston, surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber (rodless cavity) in suspension cylinder inside; Cylinder barrel, seal holder ring and piston rod, piston, surround secondary oil pocket (rod chamber) between suspension cylinder waist sidewall; Secondary oil pocket fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber; Outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity by the internally piloted valve component bottom piston rod; Fill hydraulic oil in inner cavity of cylinder, become main oil pocket; Fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen in piston rod cavity, become mixing oil pocket; Inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, be communicated with by damp channel in internally piloted valve group, forms complete, independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system; For secondary oil pocket, at cylinder barrel, external interface is set near seal holder ring position, by the external control valve of pipeline and accumulator, forms independently outer control loop; When outstanding cylinder compression or stretching, inner cavity of cylinder, secondary oil pocket volume all change, and are variable oil pocket.For outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, carry out the exchange of flow between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder area, and internally piloted valve group is as damping control unit.For outer control loop, carry out the exchange of flow between secondary oil pocket and accumulator, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket area, and control valve is as damping control unit.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, form two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure by inner cavity of cylinder (main oil pocket) and secondary oil pocket, independently of one another.Figure 15 is the pressure characteristic of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, and curve 1 is outer control loop, and curve 2 is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.The pressure application surface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system amasss as inner cavity of cylinder area, and the pressure application surface of outer control loop amasss as secondary oil pocket area.Suspension cylinder overall elasticity power exports, and is the pressure superposition of inner cavity of cylinder area and secondary oil pocket area.Figure 16 is this patent suspension cylinder load-deflection curve figure, and curve 1 is the stiffness curve of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and curve 2 is the stiffness curve of outer control loop, and curve 3 is the integral stiffness curve of suspension cylinder system.As seen from Figure 16, outer control loop has carried out revising well at the stiffness characteristics of starting stage to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.Before contrast, the stiffness curve of single air chamber pneumatic cylinder is (see Figure 11, unidirectional elasticity, and there is hard spot at initial position), this example has constructed best bidirectional elastic variation rigidity characteristic curve, obtain the balance position of curve zero passage, eliminate all hard spots in working stroke, avoid the reverse rigid impulse of stretching latter end.
Figure 22 is this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing, and Figure 10 is structural representation.
For outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, bottom inner cavity of cylinder, be provided with the external control interface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.For outer control loop, be provided with the external control interface of outer control loop at control valve.Outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system completely isolated, independent of one another, thus by the certain pressure of these two external control interface I/O and flow, the control to pneumatic cylinder height, stroke and rigidity can be implemented alone or in combination.
The pressure certain to the external control interface I/O bottom inner cavity of cylinder and flow, can change the rigidity of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.Figure 17 is separately to the load-deflection curve that outstanding cylinder inner chamber System Implementation controls.In Figure 17, curve 1 is original stiffness curve, and curve 2 is stiffness curve when exporting certain flow, stiffness curve when curve 3 is input certain flow.As seen from Figure 17, height when significantly can change integral rigidity and the actual bearer of suspension cylinder to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system I/O certain flow, and little on the original state of original system, balance position impact.
The pressure certain to the external control interface I/O on control valve and flow, can change the characteristic of outer control loop.Figure 18 is the pressure characteristic separately outer control loop being implemented to flow control.In Figure 18, curve 1 is outer control loop reset pressure characteristic curve, the pressure characteristic of outer control loop when curve 3 is input certain flow; Curve 2,4 is the pressure characteristic of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system in control procedure.Figure 19 is separately to load-deflection curve during outer control loop enforcement flow control.In Figure 19, curve 1 is the original load-deflection curve of suspension cylinder, the load-deflection curve of suspension cylinder when curve 2 is input certain flow.From Figure 18,19, implementing flow control to outer control loop separately can the Pressure characteristics of remarkable changing section control loop, and does not affect outstanding cylinder inner chamber system pressure characteristic; To stiffness characteristics, the original state of suspension cylinder, working stroke and original equilibrium position significantly can be changed, but on the weak side for height during actual bearer, stiffness reliability effect.
Combination control is implemented to two external control interfaces of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, better control effects can be reached.Figure 20 is the system-head curve two external control interface combinations of system being implemented to outstanding cylinder Altitude control, curve 1/ curve 2 is respectively the reset pressure characteristic curve of outer control loop/outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and the pressure characteristic after cylinder height is hanged in the reduction that curve 3/ curve 4 is respectively outer control loop/outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.Figure 21 is corresponding load-deflection curve, and curve 1 is the original load-deflection curve of suspension cylinder, and curve 2 is the load-deflection curve after reducing outstanding cylinder height.As shown in Figure 21, combination control is implemented to two external control interfaces of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, omnidistance isobaric synchronization control can be realized to the height of outstanding cylinder, stroke, and not change the original stiffness characteristics of system.
The independent double-circuit system that this example builds, can form Twin channel combination to two external control interfaces and control.Multiple combination option is provided for the rigidity changing suspension cylinder state, stroke, height and suspension cylinder entirety, this height for oleo-pneumatic suspension chassis, stroke, rigidity, side tilt angle and roll stiffness, hangs cylinder more and combine and the option that active/semi-active control provides multiple technologies scheme such as to control.This control, that outer control loop/outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is applied by secondary oil pocket/outstanding cylinder inner chamber, two circuit systems are complete independent, isolation, and are the opposed Reverse Turning Control relations of a kind of back-pressure, because of but a kind of safety, stable, reliable structural type.
For internally piloted valve group, it is the automatic variable damping construction package that a kind of internal pressure controls.It can carry out perception, judge the working state of suspension cylinder according to the pressure hanging inner chamber system, and automatically adjusts the flow in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity and damping constant and control.As shown in figure 14, be characteristic curve that internally piloted valve group controls according to internal system pressure automatic variable damping.Figure 23/Figure 24 is respectively this example---can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, and the system construction drawing under sky/full load condition.Figure 25/Figure 26 is respectively the local structural graph of internally piloted valve group under sky/full load condition.
Internally piloted valve group associates with pressure/flow with location/velocity complete between piston rod cavity based on the complete structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber and interior cylinder tube inner chamber thereof.This for shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 the opposed structure of traditional double air chamber back-pressure cannot realize.The complete structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber is the architecture basics arranging internally piloted valve group, also for expanding active, semi-active control further, realizing multiple-rigidity/damping combination control program and providing novel fondational structure.
The core of this patent is:
1, by secondary for pneumatic cylinder oil pocket and outstanding cylinder inner chamber (comprising inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity) completely isolated, and using secondary oil pocket as the target link of carrying out external control, to realize active to suspension cylinder stroke, length and rigidity or semi-active control;
2, outstanding cylinder inner chamber, with internally piloted valve group for core controls inner main oil pocket and mixing oil pocket, build complete, an independently pressure/flow control system, the main body Stiffness/Damping mechanics parameter of suspension cylinder is provided, and realizes the mutative damp ACTIVE CONTROL of internal system.Its pressure application surface sum damping discharge area, is inner cavity of cylinder area.
3, at pneumatic cylinder outer installment accumulator, control valve, pipeline, be connected with the secondary oil pocket of suspension cylinder, build independently outer control loop.
This measure reaches following three objects simultaneously:
1. with accumulator (mixing oil pocket), the complete pressure of outer control loop, discharge relation is built with secondary oil pocket.
2. with control valve, the external control interface in this loop is set up, simultaneously the double damping member doing this loop self;
3. set up outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, form the opposed control planning of novel, complete two air chamber back-pressures by secondary oil pocket;
4, the outer control loop built and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system independently, are supplemented, are revised the mechanics parameter of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and carry out Reverse Turning Control to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system in rigidity, stroke, state, pressure and other parameters by secondary oil pocket.Its pressure application surface sum damping discharge area, is secondary oil pocket annulus area.
5, on the basis realizing two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure, complete outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure is built.Complete structure and the parameter association of vertical relative position, speed, pressure, flow etc. between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity is set up by internally piloted valve.Achieve first based on the outstanding cylinder inner chamber system automatic variable damping function under the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures, and provide a kind of basic framework completely newly for various mutative damp ACTIVE CONTROL from now on.
6, go out constructed by Novel piston rod and put two opposed oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structure of air chamber back-pressure; It has following feature:
1.. independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, forms the opposed structure of back-pressure by secondary oil pocket;
2.. complete outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, provide suspension cylinder bulk mechanical parameter;
3.. outer control loop, by controlling unit (secondary oil pocket), carries out reverse ACTIVE CONTROL to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and carries out supplementing to outstanding cylinder inner chamber systematic parameter and revise;
4.. complete outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure and internal system structure connection, realize variable damper control structure;
5.. piston rod is put+opposed+outside ACTIVE CONTROL+inside of bis-air chamber back-pressure controls, automatically for active and semi-active control provide the fondational structure of complete function.
Some illustrates:
1, this patent structure keeps complete, succinct outstanding cylinder inner-cavity structure, and complete contacting between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, builds independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, based on outstanding cylinder inner chamber, provides the bulk mechanical parameter of suspension cylinder.Outer control loop provides the controling parameters of system based on secondary oil pocket.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, when outer control loop breaks down or be abnormal, still can guarantee output and the chassis reliability of operation of suspension cylinder bulk mechanical parameter;
2, the pressure application surface sum damping discharge area of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is inner cavity of cylinder area.The pressure application surface sum damping discharge area of outer control loop is secondary oil pocket area.Outer control loop and the opposed structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber System's composition back-pressure, except revising with except the defect compensating outstanding cylinder inner chamber system pressure characteristic and deficiency, forming the zero passage functioning equalization point of suspension cylinder, and can control effectively to the stroke of suspension cylinder and rigidity.Figure 16 is this routine load-deflection curve.
In Figure 16, curve 1 is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system stiffness curve, and curve 2 is outer control loop stiffness curve, and curve 3 is the integral stiffness curve of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop.As seen from Figure 16, outer control loop has carried out revising well at the stiffness characteristics of starting stage to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, and impact in groundwork region is very little.The load-deflection curve of contrast conventional construction (Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 7) pneumatic cylinder is (see Figure 11, unidirectional elasticity, and there is hard spot at initial position), this example has constructed best bidirectional elastic variation rigidity curve, eliminates all hard spots in working stroke.
All types of pneumatic cylinders before all adopt flow-through structure in secondary oil pocket, and the pressure application surface of suspension cylinder is long-pending is generally only rod areas.And this routine structure, be almost inner cavity of cylinder area at main active section.Due to the increase that pressure application surface is long-pending, under peer system pressure, expand the bearer cap of suspension cylinder.
In addition, the outstanding cylinder inner chamber system that this example builds and outer control loop, independently of one another, respectively comprise an external control interface, can form multiple combination and control result.With representated by Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 9 before all Structure Comparisons visible, the variable rigidity control of this example is no longer only the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of conventional gas and oil suspension cylinder, has fully achieved the adjustment of non-linear rigidity curve in shape and position and control.This point is that traditional suspension cylinder structure cannot realize.
3, the mutative damp of this example controls automatically, is the complete structure based on outstanding cylinder inner chamber, and the complete structure such as relative position, speed, pressure, flow between inner cavity of cylinder with piston rod cavity and associating.Internally piloted valve group is a kind of variable damper control mechanism based on internal system pressure, realization be the mutative damp flow control of two point, stable state.F＝f(p，v)。Figure 14 is under sky/full load condition, two damping characteristic curves of system Auto-matching.The variable damper control discharge area of this example is inner cavity of cylinder area, has reached the maximum rating of housing structure.
The core of internally piloted valve group is that to construct with internal pressure be mangetic core assembly and the adaptive damping structure of control inputs, forms inner adaptive damping passage.Mangetic core assembly inside comprises a seal-off pressure chamber for system identification, and inside provides spool reference pressure to promote valve core movement with spring.Spool reference pressure is set between the unloaded pressure of suspension cylinder and loading pressure.Spool is furnished with inside/outside two groups of damping holes and one-way valve, forms fixing damp channel and controllable damping passage with spool race fit, fixing damp channel is long logical.When spool stretches out, controllable damping passage is opened, controllable damping pathway closure when spool is retracted.Mangetic core assembly also includes damping cavity, damping ring, for controlling the steady-state response of spool self.Figure 25, Figure 26 are the work structuring figure of internally piloted valve group under sky/full load condition.
Some explanation to internally piloted valve group:
1.. at adaptive damping structure, adaptive damping passage and automatic control structure that cylinder interior builds, using outstanding cylinder inner chamber system pressure as the input parameter of variable damper control, F=f (p, v).
2.. spool reference pressure is used for the unloaded pressure of identification system inside and loading pressure, and promotes spool with system pressure superimposes and keep stretching out and retraction two specific positions.Therefore, be a typical two point variable damper control, see Figure 14.
3.. the damping cavity in mangetic core assembly, damping ring, for controlling the steady-state response of spool self.The pressure surge of internal system and compression shock, can not cause the transient state of spool to start and rigid impact.Therefore, system is that a stable state controls.
4.. cylinder body and internally piloted valve group simple for structure, complete, do not need the external channel structure in cylinder barrel disposed outside complexity.
5.. the damping discharge area of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system is inner cavity of cylinder area, meets the demand of damping flow needed for system and variable damper control flow completely.Thus, isolate secondary oil pocket not affect this.
This example is unique based under the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures at present, realizes the suspension cylinder structure that outside ACTIVE CONTROL and inner mutative damp control automatically, for technical development from now on provides a brand-new basic pneumatic cylinder structure.
4, the relativity such as pressure, flow, active area between outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system, shows as annulus area and the area of a circle of same external diameter, meets the optimal number relativity between main system and control system.Change internal radius, significantly can change the contrast ratio of the two, be easy to structurally to realize high-pressure low-flow and control.
5, this patent structure is in outer control loop, both can carry out pressure/flow control by control valve, also can carry out air pressure/volume adjustment by accumulator.
6, this routine outer control loop and outstanding cylinder inner chamber system are independently, target link using secondary oil pocket as external control, carry out Reverse Turning Control and mechanical superposition with outstanding cylinder inner chamber main system, can not impact outstanding cylinder inner chamber main system reliability, belong to reverse safety type control structure.
7, this patent structure is that current basic function is the most complete, the new structure that the most succinct, the reliable a kind of pair of air chamber back-pressure of structure is opposed.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber can set up various efficient mutative damp mechanism, has very good technological expansion space,
8, this patent structure can be used as the basic components use that active, semi-active control hydro pneumatic suspension and the combination of many suspension cylinders control.Also there is when independent use succinct, the most complete Structure composing and good, efficient control effects.
9, this patent is the proposition first outside existing document and product.As the basic modular construction of the active under mechanical/hydraulic control mode, semi-active control hydro pneumatic suspension, there is obvious Inventive Characteristics and using value.
This patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, isolates secondary oil pocket by unconventional, sets up inside and outside two independently hydraulic circuit systems.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system mechanics that is complete, that bear suspension cylinder main body independently exports, and outer control loop realizes effective, safe Reverse Turning Control.Not only propose a kind of two air chamber back-pressure oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structures newly, and open active and half application that initiatively hydro pneumatic suspension is new.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-piston rod is put the two oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation of single air chamber;
The two oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation of the underlying single air chamber of Fig. 2-piston rod;
Fig. 3-piston rod is put single air chamber three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation;
The underlying single air chamber three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation of Fig. 4-piston rod;
The underlying single air chamber three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation of Fig. 5-piston rod;
Fig. 6-piston rod is put single air chamber three oil pocket pressure compensation type oil-gas suspension cylinder _ structural representation;
Fig. 7-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber forward is connected three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representations;
Fig. 8-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber be opposed three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representations oppositely;
Fig. 9-piston rod underlying pair of air chamber be opposed three oil pocket pneumatic cylinder _ structural representations oppositely;
Figure 10 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder _ structural representation;
Figure 11-traditional single air chamber and the two air chamber pneumatic cylinder _ load-deflection curve figure of series connection;
The opposed structure pneumatic cylinder _ load-deflection curve figure of Figure 12-traditional double air chamber back-pressure;
Figure 13-traditional pneumatic cylinder _ damping characteristic curve figure;
Figure 14 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder _ mutative damp performance diagram;
Figure 15 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder _ double-circuit system pressure characteristic figure;
Figure 16 this patent-can external control isolated couple of air chamber pneumatic cylinder _ load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 17 this patent-outstanding cylinder inner chamber system single channel control _ double-circuit system load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 18 this patent-outer control loop single channel control _ double-circuit system pressure characteristic figure;
Figure 19 this patent-outer control loop single channel control _ double-circuit system load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 20 this patent-Twin channel control _ double-circuit system pressure characteristic figure;
Figure 21 this patent-Twin channel control _ double-circuit system load-deflection curve figure;
Figure 22 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing;
Figure 23 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder unloaded state system construction drawing;
Figure 24 this patent-can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder full load condition system construction drawing;
Figure 25 this patent-internally piloted valve group unloaded state local structural graph;
Figure 26 this patent-internally piloted valve group full load condition local structural graph;
Embodiment
This patent, can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, comprises piston rod 10, piston 11, internally piloted valve group 12, cylinder barrel 13, seal holder ring 14, accumulator 15, control valve 16, pipeline 17.Described cylinder barrel 13, piston rod 10 and piston 11 surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 (rodless cavity) in suspension cylinder inside.Described cylinder barrel 13, seal holder ring 14 and piston rod 10, piston 11 surround secondary oil pocket 21 (rod chamber) between suspension cylinder waist sidewall.Described secondary oil pocket 21 fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20.Described outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 is divided into inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23 by the internally piloted valve group 12 bottom piston rod 10.Fill hydraulic oil in described inner cavity of cylinder 22, in piston rod cavity 23, fill hydraulic oil and nitrogen.Described inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23, be communicated with by damp channel in internally piloted valve group 12, forms complete, independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30.Described secondary oil pocket 21, arranges outside connection mouth at cylinder barrel 13 near the position of seal holder ring 14, by the external accumulator 15 of pipeline 17 and control valve 16, forms independently outer control loop 40.
Described outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, is closed in outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20, is made up of, is provided with external control interface 31 bottom inner cavity of cylinder 22 piston rod cavity 23, inner cavity of cylinder 22 and internally piloted valve group 12.Described outer control loop 40, be made up of secondary oil pocket 21, accumulator 15, control valve 16 and pipeline 17, control valve 16 is provided with external control interface 41.Described outer control loop 40 is completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, independently of one another.
Secondary oil pocket 21 in described outer control loop 40 and the inner cavity of cylinder 22 in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 form two opposed structural relation of air chamber back-pressure.Described accumulator 15, inner filled hydraulic oil and nitrogen.Described secondary oil pocket 21, as the target link of external control suspension cylinder state, stroke and rigidity.Described control valve 16, except the input port as external control suspension cylinder state, stroke and rigidity, also as the damping/flow control element of outer control loop 40 self.As shown in figure 22, be this example---can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder system construction drawing.Figure 10 is structural representation.
When outstanding cylinder compression or stretching, inner cavity of cylinder 22, secondary oil pocket 21 volume all change, and are variable oil pocket.For outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, carry out the exchange of flow between inner cavity of cylinder 22 and piston rod cavity 23, damping discharge area is inner cavity of cylinder 22 sectional area.For outer control loop 40, carry out the exchange of flow between secondary oil pocket 21 and accumulator 15, damping discharge area is secondary oil pocket 21 sectional area.The damping flow of suspension cylinder is outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 and outer control loop 40 damping flow sum.Outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 and outer control loop 40, form two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure by inner cavity of cylinder 22 and secondary oil pocket 21.The pressure application surface of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30 amasss as inner cavity of cylinder 22 sectional area.The pressure application surface of outer control loop 40 amasss as secondary oil pocket 21 sectional area.The integral rigidity of suspension cylinder amasss with the pressure of outer control loop 40 by the pressure and pressure application surface thereof that hang cylinder inner chamber system 30 and pressure application surface is long-pending is formed by stacking.See Figure 16, this example-can external control isolated couple of air chamber pneumatic cylinder load-deflection curve figure.Curve 1 is the stiffness curve of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30, and curve 2 is the stiffness curve of outer control loop 40, and curve 3 is the integral stiffness curve of suspension cylinder system.As seen from Figure 16, outer control loop 40 has carried out revising well at the stiffness characteristics of starting stage to outstanding cylinder inner chamber system 30.
Described internally piloted valve group 12, is Stress control automatic variable damping control unit, is arranged on the bottom of piston rod 10.The system pressure being hanged cylinder inner chamber system 30 by perception realizes controlling the automatic variable damping under suspension cylinder sky/full load condition.See Figure 14, empty/fully loaded automatic variable damping control characteristic curve of this example.Figure 25, Figure 26 are the configuration state figure of internally piloted valve group 12 under sky/full load condition.From Figure 25, Figure 26, internally piloted valve group 12 associates with pressure/flow based on the complete structure of outstanding cylinder inner chamber 20 and location/velocity complete between interior cylinder tube inner chamber 22 with piston rod cavity 23 thereof.As shown in Figure 23, Figure 24, it is this patent-can system construction drawing under external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder sky/full load condition.
This example---can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, isolate the target link of secondary oil pocket as external control, construct independently outstanding cylinder inner chamber system and outer control loop, synthetic setting outer control loop and the outstanding external control interface of cylinder inner chamber system and the damping structure in system and loop self, maintain integrity and the position between piston rod cavity and inner cavity of cylinder of outstanding cylinder inner chamber, speed, pressure, the relational structure that flow etc. are complete, achieve initiatively external control, the opposed structure of two air chamber back-pressures, the multinomial combination functions such as inner initiatively variable damper control, eliminate the deficiency of conventional construction, achieve complete, excellent mechanical characteristic.Suspension cylinder allomeric function and structural integrity, Inner Constitution is succinct, has excavated the structural effectiveness of pneumatic cylinder to greatest extent.While effectively implementing outside ACTIVE CONTROL, ensure that stability and the reliability of outstanding cylinder inner chamber system works.
Can the proposition of external control isolated pair of air chamber oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structure, isolate from secondary oil pocket with outstanding cylinder inner chamber, independent double-circuit system, can external control, piston rod put, the key technology function aspects such as the opposed structure of two air chamber, variation rigidity, mutative damp, be all first in existing document and product, and initiatively hydro pneumatic suspension provide a structure, the complete reliable novel foundation suspension cylinder structure of function in order to expand further initiatively, partly.
, based on hydro pneumatic suspension structure, in bearer cap, control capability and cost structure etc., there is obvious advantage in the proposition of this routine technological scheme.This just provides a kind of efficient, economic technological means and the line of production and valuable for the popular product such as common vehicle, load-carrying vehicle and special vehicle promotes chassis performance.
Claims (6)
1. can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, comprise piston rod, piston, internally piloted valve group, cylinder barrel, seal holder ring, accumulator, control valve, pipeline; Described cylinder barrel, piston rod and piston surround outstanding cylinder inner chamber in suspension cylinder inside; Described cylinder barrel, seal holder ring and piston rod, piston surround secondary oil pocket between suspension cylinder waist sidewall; It is characterized in that described secondary oil pocket fills hydraulic oil, completely isolated with outstanding cylinder inner chamber.
2. according to claim 1 can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, described outstanding cylinder inner chamber is divided into inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity by the internally piloted valve component bottom piston rod; Fill hydraulic oil in described inner cavity of cylinder, bottom is provided with external control interface; Hydraulic oil and nitrogen is filled in described piston rod cavity; It is characterized in that described inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity, be communicated with by the damp channel in internally piloted valve group, form complete outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.
3. according to claim 2 can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, described secondary oil pocket arranges connection mouth at cylinder barrel near the position of seal holder ring; It is characterized in that described secondary oil pocket is by the external accumulator of pipeline and control valve, forms independently outer control loop.
4. according to claim 3 can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder, it is characterized in that the secondary oil pocket in described outer control loop forms two opposed structure of air chamber back-pressure with the inner cavity of cylinder in outstanding cylinder inner chamber system.
5. can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that the damping/flow control element of described control valve as outer control loop self, and be provided with external control interface.
6. can external control isolated pair of air chamber pneumatic cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described outstanding cylinder inner chamber keeps complete inner-cavity structure and pressure/flow association, internally piloted valve group is as variable damper control assembly between inner cavity of cylinder and piston rod cavity.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106402243A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | 张宏如 | Externally-controlled isolation type double air-chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106402243A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | 张宏如 | Externally-controlled isolation type double air-chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension cylinder |
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