Flat roof waterproof roof panel
Technical field
The utility model relates to waterproof field, particularly a kind of flat roof waterproof roof panel.
Background technology
Roof, as the outer enclosed structure of the building the superiors, should have good thermal and insulating performance and water-proof drainage performance.In severe cold and cold district, roof construction design should meet the requirement of Winter protection, reduces scattering and disappearing of indoor heat as far as possible; In warm and hot area, roof construction design should meet heat insulation requirement in summer, avoids outdoor high temperature and strong solar radiation to the adverse effect of indoor live and work.In a lot of community, maintenance balcony waterproof, the owner adding a cover insulation layer get more and more, and some owners add a cover waterproofing course, and some owners worry because can not find leakage point, even can not find person in charge because leaking and produce dispute.The leakage of buildings time has been grown, and reinforcing bar can be caused to expand, and destroys concrete, causes building structure to be destroyed.Seepage can cause severe contamination to indoor environment, is the source that numerous security incident occurs.People is in moist environment for a long time, also easily causes various disease.Roof leakage not only affects building using function, affects people life quality, also affects structural safety.So the using function of the insulation of roofworks and waterproof direct relation building and the structural safety of building.
In prior art, flat roof waterproof roof panel mainly adopts positively fixed type roof waterproof scheme: in structure roof, first do insulation layer, then do sloping layer, finally does twice SBS coil waterproof layer.Because this waterproof project is entrusted to the care of the repertoire of waterproof on waterproofing course in essence, but reality is apparent cruelty.Unreasonable due to waterproof project design, and the quality problems of waterproofing materials and waterproof construction, cause present roof leakage rate up to 95.33%, data are startling.
Summary of the invention
In order at least solve the high problem of the flat roof waterproof roof panel percolation ratio that exists in prior art, the utility model provides a kind of flat roof waterproof roof panel, comprising: roof panel basic unit, for providing support; Described roof panel basic unit is from top to bottom disposed with the first waterproofing course, concrete leveling layer and hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described flat roof waterproof roof panel also comprises: the second waterproofing course between described concrete leveling layer and described hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, the material of described second waterproofing course is spraying rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described flat roof waterproof roof panel also comprises: the polyethylene polypropylene separation layer from top to bottom and successively between described hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer and described roof panel basic unit and the 3rd waterproofing course, and wherein said 3rd waterproofing course is by spray or the uncured rubber asphalt waterproof coating of blade coating is formed.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described first waterproofing course from top to bottom comprises successively: superstructure topping, the first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer, wherein, described first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course lays the formation of polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll with hot melt; Or described first waterproofing course from top to bottom comprises successively: superstructure topping, the second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer; wherein, the material of described second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course is self-adhered polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membrane.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described superstructure topping is square brick.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described first waterproofing course from top to bottom comprises successively: polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer, wherein, described polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course lays the formation of polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll with hot melt; Or described first waterproofing course is polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing course, wherein, described polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing course is to lay the polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll formation that surface is covered with aluminium foil from bonding.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, described hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer looks for slope with 2%.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, the upper surface of described roof panel basic unit is the surface after fault of construction thin portion repairing treatment; Described fault of construction thin portion repairing treatment comprises picking cuts a hole projection concrete to described roof panel basic unit.
In flat roof waterproof roof panel as above, preferably, scalpriform grooving is picked at the root at the outstanding steel bar end position of described roof panel basic unit, after described outstanding steel bar end is removed in cutting, in described groove, fill up high-grade cement mortar, be coated with outward at described high-grade cement mortar and be brushed with polymer waterproof mortar.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the utility model embodiment provides is brought is:
Achieve thermal insulation seamless, multiple-protection is water-tight, not channeling water, non-leakage, namely achieves " fusion type " waterproof; Greatly increase engineering construction quality again, decrease later maintenance expense; Also solve problem cold in winter and hot in summer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of a kind of flat roof waterproof roof panel that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model embodiment;
The structural representation of the another kind of flat roof waterproof roof panel that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model embodiment;
The structural representation of another flat roof waterproof roof panel that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model embodiment;
The structural representation of another flat roof waterproof roof panel that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model embodiment;
The structural representation of another flat roof waterproof roof panel again that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model embodiment;
In figure, symbol description is as follows:
1 superstructure topping, 2, the first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course, 3 mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layers, 4 concrete leveling layers, 5 hard-foam polyurethanes insulation sloping layers, 6 second waterproofing courses, 7 fault of construction thin portion repair layer, 8 polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing courses, 9 roof panel basic units, 10 polyethylene polypropylene separation layers, 11 the 3rd waterproofing courses, 12 second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing courses, 13 polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing courses.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model embodiment is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1-5, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of flat roof waterproof roof panel, and it comprises: roof panel basic unit 9, first waterproofing course, concrete leveling layer 4 and hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5.First waterproofing course, concrete leveling layer 4, hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 is from top to bottom successively set in roof panel basic unit 9.
Wherein, roof panel basic unit 9 is for providing support, and its structure is preferably reinforced concrete structure.In reality, in order to be beneficial to draining and not easily form ponding, flat roof waterproof roof panel is formed with the gradient, in the present embodiment, the gradient is realized by hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5, namely hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 has insulation, waterproof and looks for slope function, and namely waterproof thermal-insulated slope of looking for is integrated, and its material is hard polyurethane foam.Hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 looks for slope with 2%, and thinnest part one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is 40 ~ 60mm, and this one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 determines according to on-site average temperature of the whole year, and the lower Thickness of preferred temperature is larger.When hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 is arranged, its upper surface can be uneven, therefore arranges concrete leveling layer 4 thereon, levelling for carrying out, and be convenient on concrete leveling layer 4, lay the first waterproofing course to improve the water resistance of flat roof waterproof roof panel.The thickness of concrete leveling layer 4 can be 40mm, and it is formed by cast C20 pea gravel concreten.
Insulation layer of the prior art is separated with sloping layer.The block polyphenyl plate of the many employings of insulation layer material, sloping layer adopts light aggregate concrete.The coefficient of thermal conductivity of polyphenyl plate is 0.041W/ (m.K).Because polyphenyl plate exists gap as during insulation layer, be not integrally occur, when waterproofing course destroys, water can penetrate into insulation layer, and form ponding, long seepage causes insulation layer to absorb water, and heat insulation effect declines.Ponding in insulation layer causes roof panel seepage by the weak spot of structure, and ponding is not to be fixed on a bit but unfixed, flees.Therefore, the sloping layer 5 of hard-foam polyurethane insulation in the present embodiment adopts hard polyurethane foam, realizes insulation and looks for slope one.Hard polyurethane foam density is 55kg/m
3, coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.017-0.024W/ (m.K).And by " micropore infiltration " foaming, polyurethane foam can be full sticky with roofing 100%, there is not cavity, even if occur that physical damage is leaked, vertically look for leakage from leakage point, repairs simple.The material of hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 is hard polyurethane foam, and hard polyurethane foam is owing to having closed foam structure, rate of closed hole is more than 95%, water absorption rate≤1%, and then effectively can hinder the infiltration of steam, thus more effectively play the thermal and insulating performance of its excellence, ensure the normal service life of hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5, also there is water resistance simultaneously, so hard polyurethane foam has waterproof and insulation integrated function, namely polyurethane rigid foam material is with insulation and water-proof function, therefore, make the waterproof thermal-insulated effect of hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 better, and saving cost of construction materials.
Hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 is seamless by adopting hard polyurethane foam to achieve thermal insulation, reduces permeability, not easily forms ponding simultaneously.Hard polyurethane foam also has following features: 1) belong to thermosetting resin, low reach-100 DEG C can not embrittlement, high to+150 DEG C can not trickle, the phenomenon of adhesion, there is good heat stability, and hard polyurethane foam in combustion surface forms coking topping, effectively can stop propagation of flame; 2) belong to thermosets, meet fiery carbonization and form topping, effectively suppress fire spreading.The carbonization when being subject to fire or high temperature action, without molten drop.Be heated dimensionally stable; 3) construction of special-shaped position is more suitable for; 4) higher efficiency of construction, automatic arc spraying is constructed, and speed of application is fast, efficiency be about 400-500 ㎡/(my god. people).
In order to improve the water resistance of flat roof waterproof roof panel, second waterproofing course 6 can be set between concrete leveling layer 4 and hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5, its material is spraying rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating, namely the second waterproofing course 6 is spraying rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating waterproofing course, and spraying rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating waterproofing course is by adopting the form of construction work of spraying to be formed to rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating.The thickness of the second waterproofing course 6 can be 1.5mm.
Spraying rapid hardening rubber-asphalt waterproof material is the two-component system with rapid initial set consolidation behavior, it is made up of two or more high-performance modified emulsified rubber asphalt and the short solidifying catalyzer of chemistry, sloping layer 5 good combination can be incubated with hard-foam polyurethane, realize overall perfect coated, thus realize real fusion type waterproof.
The feature that spraying rapid hardening rubber asphalt waterproof coating has is as follows: 1), adopt spraying technology, efficiency is high, realizes seamless link, not channeling water, has one's own knack to polymorphic structure or complex-shaped object, and construction very succinctly facilitates; 2), adaptable to basic unit, can be used on the base materials such as steel concrete, profiled sheet, plastics and various building materials; 3), sprayed surface process is easy, can not do leveling layer without particular/special requirement, when wetness lower than 80% can directly construct; 4), in work progress, can work continuously, not containing VOC, nonpoisonous and tasteless, non-exhaust emission, free from environmental pollution, go in airtight space; 5), coating is weather-proof, resistance to acids and bases, ageing-resistant performance are superior, without the need to surface layer topping, effectively can reduce engineering cost; 6), application life reaches more than 50 years, all can use being not less than under 5 DEG C of environment, have the antistripping that comparative superiority is outstanding, puncture resistant ability; 7), after spraying, namely plastic in 3-5 second, can trample, and have and surmount 15 times of ductility and 95% restoration and effective sound insulation value; 8), adopt spraying application mode, flexible and convenient, the function demand of the various environment such as outfall, parapet, negative and positive angle, cracking position can be met; 9), superelevation elongation rate, can the seepage occurred because of stress deformation be solved; 10), puncture resistance is strong, has good ductility; 11), chemical resistance is excellent, temperature tolerance is good, for spraying rapid hardening rubber-asphalt waterproof material, is provided with the characteristic of rubber, therefore has extraordinary ductility and elasticity, so heat-resisting quantity is just very good, just compensate for the defect of pitch; 12), can construct at moist surface.
See Fig. 3, in order to improve the water resistance of flat roof waterproof roof panel, can be incubated between sloping layer 5 and roof panel basic unit 9 at hard-foam polyurethane and setting gradually polyethylene polypropylene separation layer 10 and the 3rd waterproofing course 11 from top to bottom.3rd waterproofing course 11 is laid uncured rubber asphalt waterproof coating with spraying or knife coating and is formed, namely the material of the 3rd waterproofing course is uncured rubber asphalt, because uncured rubber asphalt easily infiltrates in basic unit's micropore and gap, there is seal itself ability, can the damaged portion (the uncured rubber asphalt waterproof coating namely around damaged part can automatic flowing be also filled into damaged part) of self-healing waterproofing course, therefore can block leaking and seepage flow between the 3rd waterproofing course and roof panel basic unit 9 upper surface, thus realize " fusion type " waterproof.The thickness of polyethylene polypropylene separation layer can be 0.7mm, and the 3rd waterproofing course can be 1.5mm.First waterproofing course can not be arranged, and namely the structure of flat roof waterproof roof panel as shown in Figure 3.In order to strengthen waterproof effect, also the first waterproofing course can be set on the concrete leveling layer 4 of the flat roof waterproof roof panel shown in Fig. 3.
Uncured rubber asphalt also has following features: (1) never solidifies, and solidfied material content is greater than 99%, does not almost have volatile matter, remains gluey original state after construction; (2) durable, corrosion resistant, high-low temperature resistant, extension property are outstanding; Nontoxic, tasteless, pollution-free, do not fire in fire; (3) caking property is strong, can construct, and can bond with any foreign matter at moisture substrate; (4) pliability is good, and elongation per unit length is high, is suitable for basic unit's distortion; (5) self-healing property is strong, even if occur during construction that waterproofing course breakage also can self-healing, maintains complete waterproofing course; (6) construction is simple, both can scrape and smear construction, also can spraying application.Once spraying can reach required thickness simultaneously; (7) water can be stoped to flee at waterproofing course, easy care manages; (8) can use with other waterproofing materialss simultaneously, form waterproof system layer, improve waterproof effect; (9) during construction, material can not be separated, and can form waterproofing course that is stable, integral seamless.As from the foregoing, uncured rubber-asphalt waterproof layer can directly spray or blade coating in top board basic unit, strengthens top board basic unit anti-permeability performance; Also to there is superpower croop property, can permeate, be filled in the recessed gap of concrete surface layer, fine gap, hole thus to reach the effect of antiseep, leakage-proof; Also there is excellent basic unit's compliance, work as malformation, when base course crack, stretching waterproofing course, absorb stress by uncured rubber-asphalt waterproof layer, close the crack of basic unit, make whole waterproofing system keep integrality for a long time.
See Fig. 1; first waterproofing course can from top to bottom comprise successively: superstructure topping 1, first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 2 and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer 3; wherein the first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 2 lays the formation of polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll with hot melt, and namely its material is polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll.See Fig. 2, first waterproofing course also can from top to bottom comprise successively: polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course 8 and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer 3, wherein polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course 8 lays the formation of polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll with hot melt, and namely its material is polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll.The upper surface of polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll covers mineral pellet (such as sliver or color sand), therefore can play a protective role, save the structure of superstructure topping 1.
See Fig. 4; first waterproofing course can also from top to bottom comprise successively: superstructure topping 1, second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 12 and mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer; wherein the second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 12 is formed to lay polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll from bonding, and namely its material is self-adhered polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membrane.See Fig. 5, the first waterproofing course can also be polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing course 13, and it is to lay the polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll formation that surface is covered with aluminium foil from bonding, namely material is polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproof roll.The surface of polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproof roll is covered with aluminium foil, therefore can play a protective role, save the structure of superstructure topping 1.The thickness of self-adhesion second polymer modified asphalt waterproof volume layer is less than the thickness of the first polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll, and the thickness of polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing course is less than polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course, such as the thickness of the second polymer modified asphalt waterproof volume layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the first polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll is 4mm; The thickness of polymer modified asphalt aluminium-coating surface paper tinsel waterproofing course is 3mm, and the thickness of polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproofing course is 4mm.
Superstructure topping 1 is for protecting the first polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 2 or the second polymer modified asphalt waterproofing course 12, and it can be square brick or cement mortar, pea gravel concreten and bulk.Mulseal basic unit inorganic agent layer 3 can according to 0.4kg/m
2brushing mulseal basic unit inorganic agent is formed.
The advantage of polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll is as follows: 1), to have tensile strength high, water pressure resistance, elongation per unit length are large, the features such as puncture resistance is good, endurance, good stability of the dimension, superpower ageing-resistant performance, to base-layer contraction distortion and cracking adaptable; 2), resistance to chemical attack, resistance to mould, weather resisteant are good; 3), have excellent high and low temperature resistance, at-25 DEG C, still keep function, cold and hot area is all applicable, is particularly useful for cold district; 4), have good workability, hot melt bonds, and all can construct throughout the year, and hot seam reliable durable.
Because of the environment at site construction scene and the impact of cross-operation, the reinforced concrete roof board basic unit building formation has the rough place such as laitance and foreign material, if directly carry out waterproof construction in this basic unit, waterproof effect can be had influence on, therefore in roof panel basic unit 9, hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 is set and the waterproof effect of enhancing hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 pairs of roof panel basic units 9 in order to be beneficial to, improve the bonding tightness of hard-foam polyurethane insulation sloping layer 5 and roof panel basic unit simultaneously, be that the upper surface of the roof panel basic unit 9 of steel concrete is cleared up and repaired to form fault of construction thin portion repair layer 7 to structure.
The process of concrete cleaning and repairing is as follows:
1), the projection concrete of roof panel basic unit picks cutter to roof panel basic unit.
2), the outstanding unnecessary steel bar end root of roof panel basic unit picks the dark 10mm of raggle, and removes from the cutting of reinforcing bar root.Pick to cut a hole into after groove location adopts high-grade cement mortar shutoff and use the brushing of polymer waterproof mortar again.
3), the open defect position of roof panel basic unit before repairing, the weaker zone of mend must be cleaned out, and rinse well with water, and then fill with high-grade cement mortar, then expand the full brush polymer waterproof mortar of radius 100mm.
When laying polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll or polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll, because it has one fixed width, therefore connecting sewing is formed with between adjacent polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled material or between polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll, in order to improve the compactness at connecting sewing place, be formed with overlapping part between adjacent polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled material, be namely formed with overlapping part between adjacent polymer modified asphalt waterproof coiled material; Or be formed with overlapping part between adjacent polymer modified bitumen band sliver waterproof roll, be namely formed with overlapping part between adjacent polymer modified bitumen band sliver waterproof roll.The width of overlapping part can be 100mm, i.e. the width of the overlapping part of the long limit formation of waterproof roll is also 100mm, and the width of the overlapping part of the minor face formation of waterproof roll is also 100mm.
The polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll being arranged in upper strata in overlapping part realizes being connected in the mode that hot melt fuses with the polymer modified asphalt waterproof roll that overlapping part is positioned at lower floor; The polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll being arranged in upper strata in overlapping part realizes being connected in the mode that hot melt fuses with the polymer modified asphalt band sliver waterproof roll that overlapping part is positioned at lower floor.
In sum, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
Achieve thermal insulation seamless, multiple-protection is water-tight, not channeling water, non-leakage, namely achieves " fusion type " waterproof; Greatly increase engineering construction quality again, decrease later maintenance expense; Also solve problem cold in winter and hot in summer.
As known by the technical knowledge, the utility model can be realized by other the embodiment not departing from its Spirit Essence or essential feature.Therefore, above-mentioned disclosed embodiment, with regard to each side, all just illustrates, is not only.Allly all to be included in the utility model within the scope of the utility model or being equal to the change in scope of the present utility model.