CN205067687U - Circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detects and evaluation device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置，包括射频天线、信号调理器、高速信号采集处理器；所述射频天线与所述信号调理器电连接，所述信号调理器与所述高速信号采集处理器电连接。本实用新型的有益效果：通过采用射频天线检测断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，结合信号调理器和信号采集处理器实现了断路器灭弧特性的带电检测与评估，检测无需停电，可在线进行，天线与断路器间无直接接触，不需要安装传感器，检测方便快捷，可以实现灭弧特性突变的检测。
The utility model discloses a circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detection and evaluation device, which comprises a radio frequency antenna, a signal conditioner, and a high-speed signal acquisition processor; the radio frequency antenna is electrically connected to the signal conditioner, and the signal conditioner is connected to the signal conditioner The high-speed signal acquisition processor is electrically connected. The beneficial effects of the utility model: by using the radio frequency antenna to detect the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switch arc when the circuit breaker is opened, combined with the signal conditioner and the signal acquisition processor, the live detection and evaluation of the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker are realized, and the detection does not require power failure. It can be carried out online, there is no direct contact between the antenna and the circuit breaker, no sensor needs to be installed, the detection is convenient and fast, and the detection of sudden changes in arc extinguishing characteristics can be realized.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及变电领域，具体来说，涉及一种断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置。 The utility model relates to the field of power transformation, in particular to a device for detecting and evaluating arc extinguishing characteristics of a circuit breaker.
背景技术 Background technique
断路器是电网中数量最为庞大的电力设备，起着控制和保护的作用，一旦发生故障，不但会直接导致电网事故，还会导致现有事故的扩大，给国民经济和社会稳定带来巨大的负面影响。传统上认为，断路器的故障以机械故障为主，其检测也以机械特性检测为主，对其灭弧特性的检测缺乏研究。 The circuit breaker is the largest amount of power equipment in the power grid, which plays the role of control and protection. Once a fault occurs, it will not only directly lead to a grid accident, but also lead to the expansion of the existing accident, which will bring huge damage to the national economy and social stability. Negative impact. Traditionally, it is believed that the faults of circuit breakers are mainly mechanical faults, and its detection is also mainly based on mechanical characteristic detection, and there is a lack of research on the detection of its arc extinguishing characteristics.
目前可供采用的检测方法是电寿命法，该方法需在断路器上加装电流传感器，检测开断电流的有效值，与开断次数进行加权累计后计算断路器的电寿命，从而间接对其灭弧特性进行检测与评估。但电寿命法只能反映断路器灭弧特性的总体变化趋势，无法反映突变的断路器灭弧特性。电力系统中已发生过多起断路器不能灭弧导致的事故，而其动作次数远低于额定值。 The currently available detection method is the electrical life method. This method needs to install a current sensor on the circuit breaker to detect the effective value of the breaking current, and calculate the electrical life of the circuit breaker after weighted accumulation with the number of breaking times, so as to indirectly Its arc extinguishing characteristics are tested and evaluated. However, the electrical life method can only reflect the overall change trend of the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker, and cannot reflect the sudden change of the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker. There have been many accidents in the power system caused by the inability of the circuit breaker to extinguish the arc, and the number of operations is far below the rated value.
针对相关技术中的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。 Aiming at the problems in the related technologies, no effective solution has been proposed yet.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
针对相关技术中的上述技术问题，本实用新型提出一种断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置，能够实现断路器灭弧特性的带电检测与评估。 Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems in the related art, the utility model proposes a circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detection and evaluation device, which can realize live detection and evaluation of the circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic.
为实现上述技术目的，本实用新型的技术方案是这样实现的： For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present utility model is realized like this:
一种断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置，包括射频天线、信号调理器、高速信号采集处理器； A device for detecting and evaluating arc extinguishing characteristics of a circuit breaker, including a radio frequency antenna, a signal conditioner, and a high-speed signal acquisition processor;
所述射频天线与所述信号调理器电连接，所述信号调理器与所述高速信号采集处理器电连接。 The radio frequency antenna is electrically connected to the signal conditioner, and the signal conditioner is electrically connected to the high-speed signal acquisition processor.
进一步的，所述射频天线采用平面等角螺旋天线。 Further, the radio frequency antenna adopts a planar equiangular helical antenna.
进一步的，所述射频天线放置于断路器的中间相。 Further, the radio frequency antenna is placed in the middle phase of the circuit breaker.
进一步的，所述射频天线的工作频带在500MHz-2GHz之间。 Further, the working frequency band of the radio frequency antenna is between 500MHz-2GHz.
进一步的，所述信号调理器的截止频率在500MHz-2GHz之间，并且该频带内可滤除变电站内存在的干扰信号增益大于或等于20dB。 Further, the cut-off frequency of the signal conditioner is between 500MHz-2GHz, and the interference signal in the substation can be filtered out in this frequency band, and the gain is greater than or equal to 20dB.
进一步的，所述信号调理器的功率放大器截止频率在1GHz-2GHz之间，并且该频带内信号调理器的增益为20dB。 Further, the cut-off frequency of the power amplifier of the signal conditioner is between 1GHz-2GHz, and the gain of the signal conditioner in this frequency band is 20dB.
进一步的，所述信号采集处理器的采样率大于或等于1MS/s。 Further, the sampling rate of the signal acquisition processor is greater than or equal to 1 MS/s.
进一步的，所述干扰信号包括电晕。 Further, the interference signal includes corona.
本实用新型的有益效果：通过采用射频天线检测断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，结合信号调理器和信号采集处理器实现了断路器灭弧特性的带电检测与评估，检测无需停电，可在线进行，天线与断路器间无直接接触，不需要安装传感器，检测方便快捷，可以实现灭弧特性突变的检测。 The beneficial effects of the utility model: by using the radio frequency antenna to detect the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switch arc when the circuit breaker is opened, combined with the signal conditioner and the signal acquisition processor, the live detection and evaluation of the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker are realized, and the detection does not require power failure. It can be carried out online, there is no direct contact between the antenna and the circuit breaker, no sensor needs to be installed, the detection is convenient and fast, and the detection of sudden changes in arc extinguishing characteristics can be realized.
附图说明 Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the present invention. For some embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.
图1是根据本实用新型实施例所述的断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置模块图； Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detection and evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是根据本实用新型实施例所述的射频天线布置示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of radio frequency antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图中： In the picture:
1、射频天线；2、信号调理器；3、高速信号采集处理器；4、断路器。 1. RF antenna; 2. Signal conditioner; 3. High-speed signal acquisition processor; 4. Circuit breaker.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1-2所示，根据本实用新型实施例所述的一种断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置，包括射频天线1、信号调理器2、高速信号采集处理器3； As shown in Figure 1-2, a circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detection and evaluation device according to the embodiment of the utility model includes a radio frequency antenna 1, a signal conditioner 2, and a high-speed signal acquisition processor 3;
所述射频天线1与所述信号调理器2电连接，所述信号调理器2与所述高速信号采集处理器3电连接。 The radio frequency antenna 1 is electrically connected to the signal conditioner 2 , and the signal conditioner 2 is electrically connected to the high-speed signal acquisition processor 3 .
在一个实施例中，所述射频天线1采用平面等角螺旋天线。 In one embodiment, the radio frequency antenna 1 adopts a planar equiangular helical antenna.
在一个实施例中，所述射频天线1放置于断路器4的中间相。 In one embodiment, the radio frequency antenna 1 is placed in the middle phase of the circuit breaker 4 .
在一个实施例中，所述射频天线1的工作频带在500MHz-2GHz之间。 In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the radio frequency antenna 1 is between 500MHz-2GHz.
在一个实施例中，所述信号调理器2的截止频率在500MHz-2GHz之间，并且该频带内可滤除变电站内存在的干扰信号增益大于或等于20dB。 In one embodiment, the cut-off frequency of the signal conditioner 2 is between 500MHz-2GHz, and the interference signal in the substation can be filtered out in this frequency band, and the gain is greater than or equal to 20dB.
在一个实施例中，所述信号调理器2的功率放大器截止频率在1GHz-2GHz之间，并且该频带内信号调理器2的增益为20dB。 In one embodiment, the cutoff frequency of the power amplifier of the signal conditioner 2 is between 1 GHz and 2 GHz, and the gain of the signal conditioner 2 in this frequency band is 20 dB.
在一个实施例中，所述信号采集处理器2的采样率大于或等于1MS/s。 In one embodiment, the sampling rate of the signal acquisition processor 2 is greater than or equal to 1 MS/s.
在一个实施例中，所述干扰信号包括电晕。 In one embodiment, the interfering signal includes corona.
为了方便理解本实用新型的上述技术方案，以下通过具体使用方式上对本实用新型的上述技术方案进行详细说明。 In order to facilitate the understanding of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present utility model, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present utility model will be described in detail below through specific usage modes.
在具体使用时，根据本实用新型所述的断路器灭弧特性检测与评估装置： In specific use, according to the circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic detection and evaluation device described in the utility model:
首先通过优化设计的射频天线接收来自断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，其次对射频天线输出的信号进行滤波和放大，再次采用信号采集及处理器采集、分析信号，并计算电磁波信号的数量及持续时间，最后对比同型号断路器产生磁波信号的数量及持续时间对断路器的灭弧特性进行评估。 First, the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switch arc when the circuit breaker is opened is received through the optimally designed radio frequency antenna, and then the signal output by the radio frequency antenna is filtered and amplified, and the signal acquisition and processor are used to collect and analyze the signal, and the electromagnetic wave signal is calculated. Finally, compare the number and duration of magnetic wave signals generated by the same type of circuit breaker to evaluate the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker.
其工作原理是：断路器在分闸时会产生开关电弧，继而激发出射频电磁波向四周传播，在断路器周围布置天线即可接收此射频电磁波信号。当开关灭弧性能良好时，电弧迅速被熄灭，其激发出的电磁波数量少，持续时间短；而当断路器灭弧性能不足时，其灭弧速度下降，电弧持续长，开断过程中会激发多个电磁波信号，持续时间延长，因此可通过开断过程中测试到的电磁波信号的数量及持续时间对开关的灭弧特性进行检测与评估。 Its working principle is: when the circuit breaker is opened, a switching arc will be generated, and then a radio frequency electromagnetic wave will be stimulated to propagate to the surroundings, and the radio frequency electromagnetic wave signal can be received by arranging antennas around the circuit breaker. When the arc extinguishing performance of the switch is good, the arc is quickly extinguished, and the number of electromagnetic waves excited by it is small and the duration is short; while when the arc extinguishing performance of the circuit breaker is insufficient, the arc extinguishing speed decreases, the arc lasts long, and the circuit breaker will be interrupted during the breaking process. Multiple electromagnetic wave signals are excited, and the duration is extended. Therefore, the arc extinguishing characteristics of the switch can be detected and evaluated through the number and duration of electromagnetic wave signals tested during the breaking process.
通过利用射频天线接收断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，测量装置与断路器之间无直接联系，更无需接线，可以方便快捷的实现断路器灭弧特性的带电检测与评估，同时可以反映断路器灭弧性能的突变情况。 By using the radio frequency antenna to receive the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switching arc when the circuit breaker is opened, there is no direct connection between the measuring device and the circuit breaker, and no wiring is required. The live detection and evaluation of the arc extinguishing characteristics of the circuit breaker can be realized conveniently and quickly. It reflects the sudden change of the arc extinguishing performance of the circuit breaker.
其中，射频天线1，用于断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号、将其转换成为电压信号并将其输送给信号调理器2。射频天线1的工作频带在500MHz-2GHz，可以避开变电站的电晕等干扰。在检测过程中，将射频天线1的中心线对准断路器中间相。 Among them, the radio frequency antenna 1 is used to convert the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switching arc when the circuit breaker is opened, convert it into a voltage signal and send it to the signal conditioner 2 . The working frequency band of the radio frequency antenna 1 is 500 MHz-2 GHz, which can avoid interference such as corona of the substation. During the detection process, align the center line of the RF antenna 1 with the middle phase of the circuit breaker.
信号调理器2，用于消除在变电站内射频天线1接收到的电磁波干扰信号，同时放大断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，提高信噪比，并对射频信号进行包络检波，以降低对信号采集处理器3的要求。信号调理器2的下限截止频率不低于500MHz，上线截止频率不高于2GHz，采用此频带可滤除变电站内存在的电晕等干扰信号，在此频带内的增益为不低于20dB。所述信号调理器2中的功率放大器的下限截止频率为1GHz，上限截止频率为2GHz，在此频带内的增益为20dB。包络检波持续时间不低于150μS。 The signal conditioner 2 is used to eliminate the electromagnetic wave interference signal received by the radio frequency antenna 1 in the substation, and at the same time amplify the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switching arc when the circuit breaker is opened to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and perform envelope detection on the radio frequency signal to Reduce the requirements on the signal acquisition processor 3 . The lower cutoff frequency of the signal conditioner 2 is not lower than 500MHz, and the upper cutoff frequency is not higher than 2GHz. Using this frequency band can filter out interference signals such as corona in the substation, and the gain in this frequency band is not lower than 20dB. The lower cut-off frequency of the power amplifier in the signal conditioner 2 is 1 GHz, the upper cut-off frequency is 2 GHz, and the gain in this frequency band is 20 dB. The envelope detection duration is not less than 150μS.
高速信号采集处理器3，用于实现断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号包络检波的模数转换、数字信号的存储及显示、以及电磁波信号的数量及持续时间的计算。 The high-speed signal acquisition processor 3 is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the envelope detection of the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switching arc when the circuit breaker is opened, the storage and display of the digital signal, and the calculation of the quantity and duration of the electromagnetic wave signal.
综上所述，借助于本实用新型的上述技术方案，通过采用射频天线检测断路器分闸时开关电弧产生的电磁波信号，结合信号调理器和信号采集处理器实现了断路器灭弧特性的带电检测与评估，检测无需停电，可在线进行，天线与断路器间无直接接触，不需要安装传感器，检测方便快捷，可以实现灭弧特性突变的检测。 To sum up, with the help of the above technical solution of the utility model, by using the radio frequency antenna to detect the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the switch arc when the circuit breaker is opened, combined with the signal conditioner and the signal acquisition processor, the live circuit breaker arc extinguishing characteristic is realized. Detection and evaluation, detection does not require power failure, can be carried out online, there is no direct contact between the antenna and the circuit breaker, no sensor is required, the detection is convenient and fast, and the detection of sudden changes in arc extinguishing characteristics can be realized.
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。 The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the Within the protection scope of the present utility model.
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| CN106772019A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The separate detecting system of three-phase breaker electromagnetic wave signal and method |
| CN106842013A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The live detection method and device of the contact of breaker ablation degree based on electromagnetic wave |
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| CN107132475A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-05 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of breaker arc extinguishing performance anti interference detection method and device based on vibration signal |
| CN107942242A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-04-20 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage AC breaker Characteristics Detection evaluation method based on arc extinguishing electromagnetic waveforms |
| CN110346715A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of breaker arc extinguishing method for testing performance |
| CN110888051A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-03-17 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A Novel Dual Antenna Electromagnetic Wave Collection Device for Detecting Arc-extinguishing Characteristics of Circuit Breakers |
| CN111142017A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-12 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Breaker state diagnosis system and method |
| CN111474185A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-31 | 国家电网有限公司 | Contact ablation degree judgment method based on circuit breaker radiation electromagnetic wave signal detection |
| CN111679181A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-18 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A method and device for live detection of contact ablation of high-voltage reactive switching switch |
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2015
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| CN106842013A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The live detection method and device of the contact of breaker ablation degree based on electromagnetic wave |
| CN106842012A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of separate decision method of live detection |
| CN107132475A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-05 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of breaker arc extinguishing performance anti interference detection method and device based on vibration signal |
| CN107942242A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-04-20 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage AC breaker Characteristics Detection evaluation method based on arc extinguishing electromagnetic waveforms |
| CN110346715A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of breaker arc extinguishing method for testing performance |
| CN110888051A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-03-17 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A Novel Dual Antenna Electromagnetic Wave Collection Device for Detecting Arc-extinguishing Characteristics of Circuit Breakers |
| CN111142017A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-12 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Breaker state diagnosis system and method |
| CN111474185A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-31 | 国家电网有限公司 | Contact ablation degree judgment method based on circuit breaker radiation electromagnetic wave signal detection |
| CN111679181A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-18 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A method and device for live detection of contact ablation of high-voltage reactive switching switch |
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