CN205062204U - Electrolytic furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electrolytic furnace belongs to tombarthite metallurgical equipment and application technique field. Including correcting member (3), sealed cowling (4), negative pole (8), positive pole (9) and prevention of seepage insulating part (20) etc. Negative pole (8) and positive pole (9) be vertical arranging parallelly. Wherein positive pole (9) can move with regulating yin -Yang the two poles of the earth distance. It easily overflows sediment that easy collection, product easily collect, react the production and easily clears up, is convenient for to install the product and take out the part and take out the product to have reaction gas, negative pole long service life, can set up the multiunit yin, yang in same electrolytic furnace simultaneously extremely organizes be convenient for realization maximization and automated production, and it is more energy -conserving, realize cleaner production, cooling device reduces the cathode temperature, can strengthen to prevent electrolyte liquid seepage effect, slow down the negative pole oxidation loss and reduce advantages such as cathode resistance.

Description

A kind of electrolytic furnace

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind ofly produces rare earth metal and alloy electrolytic furnace thereof and the electrolytic furnace group be made up of this electrolytic furnace and using method.Belong to rare earth metallurgy equipment and applied technical field.

Background technology

In rare earth metal and alloy production thereof, electrolysis is conventional production method.The electrolysis temperature of rare earth metal and alloy production thereof is usually more than about 900 DEG C.

Date of publication is on 02 13rd, 2013, publication No. is that CN102925931A name is called that side inserts in the Chinese patent application of negative electrode rare earth molten salt electrolytic under submergence type to disclose and " comprises: pot shell (10), negative electrode (1) is inserted in side, negative electrode busbar (2), insulative sidewall (3), sidewall furnace lining (4), dead ring (5), metal flow deflector (6), crucible (7), furnace bottom (8), anode (9), described negative electrode (1) one end is connected with negative electrode busbar (2) and imbeds sidewall furnace lining, in insulative sidewall (3), and be inserted into electrolyzer burner hearth from sidewall furnace lining (4) lower position, side is inserted negative electrode (1) and is positioned at anode (9) below, relative to the certain angle of anode (9) horizontal parallel position band " technical scheme.Described in this technical scheme during electrolyzer life-time service, because anode working face is anode bottom surface, the gas that there is electrolytic reaction generation is not easily overflowed, and easily occurs that anode effect causes electrolytic efficiency to decline, effectively electrolysis area decline; The product that electrolysis generates is along level or have the side of certain slope to insert negative electrode slowly to flow in crucible, makes product longly increase secondary reaction in the reaction zone residence time; Negative electrode upper surface easily deposits and is not caused the defects such as the decline of effective electrolysis area and current efficiency decline, power consumption increase by the material of electrolysis.

Name is called a kind of power-saving method of rare earth molten-salt electrolysis, publication date is on November 02nd, 2005, publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN1690252A discloses the technical scheme of " being combined in the mode of series-fed by multiple electrolyzer; then power to multiple electrolyzer with a set of rectifier power source equipment ... adopt the electrolyzer with air cooling equipment simultaneously, opened by the refrigerating unit of this electrolyzer when a certain electrolyzer temperature is too high " to solve the technical problem that when electrolyzer series connection is produced with identical Faradaic current, a certain electrolyzer temperature is too high later.The part energy is transferred to the environment not strong with product cognation by the existence of this technical scheme, not only wastes the energy but also pollute environment, is difficult in time and controls the defects such as electrolyzer temperature exactly.

Utility model content

For the above-mentioned defect that prior art electrolyzer exists, the utility model provides a kind of electrolytic furnace, adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of electrolytic furnace, comprise feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20, from being followed successively by shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6, burner hearth 5 outside to inside, cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on burner hearth 5 opening.Negative electrode 8, anode 9 and crucible 10 is provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described negative electrode 8 is vertically arranged through shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6, and the part be arranged in outside furnace wall 6 to shell 7 is terminals 81; Terminals 81 and have antiseepage insulating element 20 between furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7.Described anode 9 hangs on the side of negative electrode 8.Described adjustment component 3 is positioned on seal closure 4, controls anode 9 and moves; Described anode 9 moves as moving forward and backward, move up and down, move left and right and/or rotating, and described rotation comprises around sea line and/or plummet deflection and swings back and forth.Namely anode 9 can so that at least one dimension is reciprocating.Described crucible 10 is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below negative electrode 8, and described feed-pipe 1 is communicated with burner hearth 5 through seal closure 4.Wherein be fixed on seal closure 4 for good with adjustment component 3.Preferred antiseepage insulating element 20 is arranged respectively in furnace wall 5, thermal insulation layer 16.

One of the utility model optimal technical scheme is that negative electrode 8 one end in stove embeds in the furnace wall 6 of terminals 81 offside, has antiseepage insulating element 20 between negative electrode 8 and furnace wall 6.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that the both sides of described negative electrode 8 all have anode 9.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is negative electrode 8 and anode 9 arranged crosswise.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that described negative electrode 8 stretches in burner hearth 5 respectively from the both sides of furnace wall 6.Namely two terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 are each passed through furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7 and stretch out in burner hearth 5 from relative both sides.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that described 2 negative electrodes 8 facing each other connect in burner hearth.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is furnace wall 6 and the shell 7 that described negative electrode 8 passes across both sides, and 2 terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 lay respectively at outside the shell 7 of both sides.

The utility model again an optimal technical scheme be described crucible 10 on along horizontally disposed, the end of crucible 10, tilts to the other end from one end.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is the width that the width of lower one end, described crucible 10 end is greater than the other end.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme also comprises passage 11 to be communicated with by two or more crucible 10.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 are also provided with refrigerating unit 12.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that described refrigerating unit 12 is positioned at cathode connection end 81 and/or cooling antiseepage insulation layer 20 correspondence position, for cooling cathode connection end 81 and/or cooling antiseepage insulation layer 20.

An optimal technical scheme is described refrigerating unit 12 to the utility model is again outer water cooler and/or intercooler, and described outer water cooler is arranged on terminals 81 outside surface, and described intercooler is arranged in terminals 81.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that described refrigerating unit 12 is for cooling cathode connection end 81 and/or cooling antiseepage insulation layer 20.

A utility model again optimal technical scheme is that anode 9 is parallel with negative electrode 8.

The using method of the utility model Rare Earth Electrolysis stove: the distance being controlled anode 9 side-to-side movement change negative and positive two interpolar by adjustment component 3 reaches the object adjusting the processing parameters such as corresponding electrolysis voltage, furnace temperature.

One of using method optimal technical scheme of the utility model Rare Earth Electrolysis stove be by adjustment component 3 control anode 9 be elevated and/or seesaw, rotate change anode 9 effective conductive area, current density etc. adjustment corresponding process parameters.

Another using method of the utility model Rare Earth Electrolysis stove: the using method of Rare Earth Electrolysis stove, is characterized in that controlling anode 9 by adjustment component 3 moves forward and backward, moves up and down, moves left and right and/or rotate the gas effusion helping electrolysis to produce.

A using method again of the utility model Rare Earth Electrolysis stove: by adjustment voltage of supply and/or electric current adjusting process parameter.

A kind of electrolytic furnace group, is composed in series by 1 common source and at least 2 electrolytic furnaces.Described each electrolytic furnace comprises negative electrode 8 and anode 9.Described common source 12 is connected with the anode of First electrolytic furnace according to the positive pole of common source 12 with each electrolytic furnace, the anode of every platform electrolytic furnace is connected with the negative electrode of last electrolytic furnace thereafter, the negative electrode of the last electrolytic furnace and the negative pole of common source 12 connect to form.Common source 12 is main power circuit 41 to the circuit that each electrolytic furnace is powered, and wherein each electrolytic furnace also comprises adjustment component 3, and described adjustment component 3 controls anode 9 and moves.

One of the utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme, described negative electrode 8 is vertically arranged through shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6, and the part be arranged in outside furnace wall 6 to shell 7 is terminals 81; Described anode 9 hangs on the side of negative electrode 8.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described anode 9 is parallel with negative electrode 8.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described anode 9 moves as moving forward and backward, move up and down, move left and right and/or rotating.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described adjustment component 3 is positioned on seal closure 4.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described each electrolytic furnace also comprises feed-pipe 1, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, crucible 10, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20, from being followed successively by shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6, burner hearth 5 outside to inside, cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on burner hearth 5 opening.Negative electrode 8, anode 9 and crucible 10 is provided with in described burner hearth 5.Terminals 81 and have antiseepage insulating element 20 between furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7.Described crucible 10 is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below negative electrode 8, and described feed-pipe 1 is communicated with burner hearth 5 through seal closure 4.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, adjustment component 3 is fixed on seal closure 4.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, antiseepage insulating element 20 is arranged respectively in furnace wall 5, thermal insulation layer 16.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, the motion of described anode 9 comprise movable, move up and down, move left and right and/or rotate.Namely anode 9 can so that at least one dimension is reciprocating.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described rotation comprises rotates around sea line and/or plummet.Described rotation is to swing back and forth as excellent.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, described each electrolytic furnace is same electrolytic furnace or be respectively arbitrary electrolytic furnace in this specification sheets " utility model content " in this specification sheets " utility model content ".

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, also comprises switch 17 and switch 18.Between the anode 9 of described each switch 18 each electrolytic furnace in main power circuit 41 and the negative electrode 8 of last electrolytic furnace or between the anode 9 of First electrolytic furnace and the positive pole of common source 12.One end of described each switch 17 is connected in main power circuit 41 before each switch 18, and the other end is connected in main power circuit 41 and forms each pilot circuit 42 before next switch 18.Described switch 18 can cut off the power supply of common source 12 to each electrolytic furnace, and now turn on-switch 17 does not affect the use of other electrolytic furnace in electrolytic furnace group.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, also comprises switch and arbitrary electrolytic furnace is cut in electrolytic furnace group the pilot circuit 42 stopped.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group optimal technical scheme again, have at least 1 electrolytic furnace to be also furnished with accessory power supply 13, the positive pole of described accessory power supply 13 is connected with the anode of respective electrolytic furnace, and the negative pole of accessory power supply 13 is connected with the negative electrode of respective electrolytic furnace.

The using method of the utility model electrolytic furnace group, with common source 12 for electrolytic furnace each in electrolytic furnace group provides power supply, the voltage exported by adjustment common source 12 and/or electric current adjust the electrolytic process parameters such as the electrolysis voltage of each electrolytic furnace, electrolysis temperature and current density.

A using method again of the utility model electrolytic furnace group, it is characterized in that with common source for each electrolytic furnace provides power supply, control anode 9 by the adjustment component 3 of each electrolytic furnace and to move the pole distance of each electrolytic furnace negative and positive two interpolar of adjustment and/or the effective processing parameter such as electrolysis temperature of each electrolytic furnace in electrolysis rea adjusting electrolytic furnace group.

A using method optimal technical scheme again of the utility model electrolytic furnace group, with common source 12 for each electrolytic furnace provides main power source, by adjustment accessory power supply 13 output voltage and/or electric current to adjust the processing parameters such as the electrolysis temperature of corresponding each electrolytic furnace and current density.

A using method optimal technical scheme again of the utility model electrolytic furnace group, first regulating YIN and YANG the two poles of the earth pole span when adjusting each electrolytic furnace processing parameter.

A using method optimal technical scheme again of the utility model electrolytic furnace group, when in described electrolytic furnace group, arbitrary electrolytic furnace need suspend, corresponding switch 17 should to be controlled in main power circuit 41 and cuts off power supply to this electrolytic furnace, and connect corresponding pilot circuit 42 and arbitrary electrolytic furnace is cut in electrolytic furnace group stop.

The utility model electrolytic furnace is owing to having seal closure, in burner hearth, negative and positive the two poles of the earth parallel vertical is arranged, anode and cathode pole span is adjustable, anode not only can move but also can rotate, drawing cathode connection end from side, furnace wall makes cathode connection end be positioned at outside shell, there is refrigerating unit, to structures such as one end inclinations at the bottom of crucible, anode moves left and right and regulates pole span to control electrolysis voltage, movable one side can stir ionogen, accelerate gas away from anode on the other hand, anode effect can also be eliminated, the gas effusion not only not hindering reaction to produce, the motion of anode also contributes to the effusion of gas and strengthens the effect of electrolyte flow, there is on the one hand reactant gases easily to overflow easily collecting, product easily collecting, the slag easy to clean that reaction produces, be convenient to that product is installed take out parts and take out product, and reduce temperature and the dust of more than seal closure, significantly reduce corrosion and the resistance of positive wire, be convenient to collection and treatment electrolytic waste gas on the other hand, be conducive to protection of the environment and improve operating condition, moreover the brace foundation of adjustment component 3 can be become, negative electrode in burner hearth is fully immersed in molten salt electrolyte, extends negative electrode work-ing life.Cathode and anode is arranged vertically in same electrolytic furnace and can arranges many group cathode and anode groups simultaneously; Rare earth molten-salt electrolysis stove of the present utility model is convenient to realize maximizing and automatization, and more energy-conservation, realizes cleaner production; Refrigerating unit reduces cathode temperature, can strengthen and prevents electrolytic liquid seepage effect, slowing down cathode oxidation loss and reduce the advantages such as cathode resistor.

The utility model electrolytic furnace group overcomes prior art must to need the electrical current of the electrolyzer of maximum current in electrolyzer group, partial electrolyte groove electrolysis temperature will be caused too high, the defects such as waste electric energy, have control sensitive, can respectively the electrolysis temperature of each electrolytic furnace be controlled all in time within optimum range, both overall association can control advantages such as also can singlely controlling.Common source output voltage improves, and decreases power-supply unit and circuit etc., decreases the loss of power unit self, and after electrolytic furnace series connection, circuit loss also reduces, and energy utilization rate is high, and product electricity unit consumption is low.Change pole span, can adjust the electrolysis voltage of arbitrary electrolytic furnace in time, control furnace temperature, each electrolytic furnace electrolysis temperature is suitable for, and energy utilization rate is high.After increasing accessory power supply, control each electrolytic furnace processing parameter more easily.In electrolytic furnace group, not only can produce single product, also in electrolytic furnace group, multiple product can be produced simultaneously.The electrolytic furnace of arbitrary combination in electrolytic furnace group can also be cut and stop.The absolute value of the difference of the voltage sum of common source 12 output voltage and each the independent electrolysis rare earth metal of electrolytic furnace increases with the electrolytic furnace quantity worked in electrolytic furnace group and increases; Product electricity unit consumption increases with the electrolytic furnace quantity worked in electrolytic furnace group and reduces.When regulating the processing parameter of each electrolytic furnace to regulate the accessory power supply outward current of electrolytic furnace, be conducive to reducing electrolytic power consumption.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is embodiment 1,4,5,8,9,11 schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is embodiment 2,13 schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is embodiment 3,6,7,10,12 schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is embodiment 4 schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is embodiment 8 schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is embodiment 5 schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is embodiment 1,2,3,9,13 schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is embodiment 5,8 schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 is embodiment 6,10,12 schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is embodiment 6,10,12 schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is embodiment 7,11 schematic diagram.

Figure 12 is embodiment 9 schematic diagram.

Figure 13 is embodiment 10,12 schematic diagram.

Figure 14 is embodiment 11 schematic diagram.

Figure 15 is comparative example 1 schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

See Fig. 1, Fig. 7.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, graphite anode 9, crucible 10, mounting block 11, jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.From the furnace wall 6 having thermal insulation layer 16 outside to inside and built up by graphite material in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on thermal insulation layer 16.1 piece of negative electrode 8 and 2 pieces of graphite anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described negative electrode 8 is made up of metal sheet, and one end is vertically suspended in burner hearth 5, and the other end is terminals 81, and described terminals 81 pass furnace wall 6 and shell 7 etc. to shell 7; A part for terminals 81 is sealingly fastened in furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7, terminals 81 and have antiseepage insulating element 20 between furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7.Described adjustment component 3 also comprises connecting rod 33, and wherein adjustment component 3 is positioned on seal closure 4, and connecting rod 33 is connected with the graphite anode 9 that negative electrode 8 hangs on negative electrode 8 both sides abreast through seal closure 4.The length and width of described anode 9 mates with the electrolysis working face of the negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5 (lower same).Described adjustment component 3 is controlled the upper and lower of anode 9 and/or all around motion by connecting rod 33, is rotated.Described rotation is respectively around plummet rotation, rotates and swing back and forth around plummet rotation or vertical equity line around vertical equity line.Described inferior movement (comprising rotation) refers to from the motion (lower same) of terminals 81 finding anode 9 relative to negative electrode 9.One end of described crucible 10 is less relative to the other end width and the degree of depth is more shallow, be placed in make below position negative electrode 8 bottom burner hearth 5 crucible 10 on along maintenance level, collect the product that negative electrode 8 falls.In order to accurately place crucible 10, crucible locating slot can be set in the appropriate location, bottom of furnace wall 6.Described jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12 is arranged on terminals 81 surface outside shell 7.

During electrolytic metal neodymium, anode 9 is connected with the positive pole of power supply, and terminals 81 are connected with the negative pole of power supply outside shell 7.Negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5 is immersed in the ionogen of melting substantially vertical relative to electrolytical liquid level.After switching on power neodymium compound on negative electrode 8 by electrolysis separate out into liquid metal neodymium along negative electrode 8 flow down be collected in crucible 10 automatically to concentrate on bottom crucible 10 more deeply, wider one end.In production process when power supply stable output, anode 9 can be controlled by adjustment component 3 to be elevated or the movable adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode 9, also can control anode 9 by adjustment component 3 and move left and right the object that the distance changing negative and positive two interpolar reaches the processing parameters such as adjustment electrolysis voltage, Faradaic current, electrolysis temperature.Voltage and/or the electric current that can certainly adjust power supply output adjust the processing parameters such as electrolysis voltage, Faradaic current, electrolysis temperature.Go back liquid towards ionogen when anode 9 moves and play certain stirring action, be conducive to the effusion of electrolyte flow and gas; Gas is also not easily attached on anode 9.When needs stir ionogen, to swing back and forth most pronounced effects around plummet with anode 9.When needs accelerate gas effusion, move back and forth up and down (or vibration) for good with anode.

Because anode 9 is running stores in process of production, the thickness with production process anode 9 constantly reduces, and the distance between cathode and anode is constantly increased, causes electrolysis voltage constantly to rise.Control anode 9 by adjustment component 3 to move left and right, can the distance of regulating YIN and YANG interpolar in time, also the distance between anode and cathode can be kept constant according to the spending rate continuous moving of anode 9, decrease because anode cathode separation is excessively far away, cause monolithic anodic current little, partial electrolysis Low Response, or because of anode cathode separation excessively near, the phenomenon that electrolytic reaction is carried out occurs to cause anode effect etc. to be unfavorable for, ensures electrolysis production process stabilization.

Because certain more non-homogeneous consumption of the other side consumption more relative on one side may appear in anode 9 in consumption process, with the increase of duration of service, between same group of cathode and anode, the difference of two ends distance is increasing.Control anode 9 rotate around plummet or can farthest keep the distance at two ends between same group of cathode and anode identical around the rotation of vertical equity line.Namely keep the electrolysis working face at negative and positive the two poles of the earth parallel, effective electrolysis area can be improved, keep higher efficiency at Faradaic current, voltage time constant.

Negative electrode 8 and anode 9 are vertically arranged abreast, the gas effusion produced when being conducive to electrolyte flow and electrolytic reaction, also help the impurity in minimizing metal product and avoid the ionogen material of local in burner hearth to solidify.

If desired, anode 9 can continuously along the planar horizontal parallel with negative electrode 8 electrolysis working face or vertically slightly to move back and forth, keeping ceaselessly stirring ionogen under negative electrode 8 prerequisite constant with the spacing of anode 9, oxide compound fusing speed in the electrolyte can be accelerated, keep the uniformity consistency of oxide concentration in ionogen, can also avoid occurring or extinguishing " anode effect ", can also the gas disengaging anode 9 overflowing of accelerating anode electrolysis working face attachment.Comparatively speaking, because the height of anode 9 is substantially identical with negative electrode 8, anode 9 moves along the planar horizontal parallel with negative electrode 8 electrolysis working face and is more conducive to holding anode 9 and matches with the electrolysis working face of negative electrode 8, and motion amplitude can than larger along perpendicular planar movement.

Quickening oxide compound fusing speed in the electrolyte and the uniformity consistency of maintenance ionogen Raw concentration is played because anode 9 can stir ionogen, feed-pipe 1 can stretch in ionogen directly to be concentrated by electrolysis raw material and join in ionogen, the hot gas such as the gas of electrolysis raw material and electrolysis by-product are isolated, avoids electrolysis raw material elegant and lose with hot gas.

Distance between anode and cathode is adjustable, and make electrolytic furnace production stability good, fluctuation of current is little, stable yield.The service efficiency of power supply can be improved, make Faradaic current stabilize to source nominal outward current, fully improve power utilization rate, avoid the defect of power supply low load with strong power; More than 2 electrolytic furnaces can be got up common source with identical electrolysis current-series, saves device resource and reduce power consumption further.

The defect such as increase the material oxidation seriously corrodeds such as the graphite in the anode and cell body that the electrolytic furnace opened type structure that solves prior art on the one hand after seal closure 4 brings, anode effective rate of utilization is low, fused salt volatilization loss is serious, calorific loss is large, reduce the temperature outside the above seal closure 4 of burner hearth and decrease dust, significantly reducing corrosion and the resistance of positive wire; Be convenient to collection and treatment electrolytic waste gas on the other hand, be conducive to protection of the environment and improve operating condition; Moreover seal closure 4 can also become the brace foundation of adjustment component 3, play the effect of simplified construction.

At the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 and arrange antiseepage insulating element 20 ionogen solved in burner hearth 5 between furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7 and easily leak out to defect outside furnace shell 7 along negative electrode 8 outside surface.Ensure that electrolytic furnace long-term stable operation, extend the work-ing life of electrolytic furnace, reduce use cost.Antiseepage insulating element 20 can make an entirety, also can arrange separately or respectively in furnace wall 5, thermal insulation layer 16.Material that can be different according to the different choice of working temperature when antiseepage insulating element 20 is arranged respectively in furnace wall 5, thermal insulation layer 16, improves anti-seepage effect.Achieve the function preventing ionogen from oozing out along negative electrode 8 just because of antiseepage insulating element 20, make negative electrode 8 can implement to draw from the side of shell 7 technical scheme of terminals 81.Overcoming publication No. is that disclosed " negative electrode (1) one end is connected with negative electrode busbar (2) and imbeds in sidewall furnace lining, insulative sidewall (3) " technical scheme of Chinese patent application of CN102925931A causes that negative electrode (1) and negative electrode busbar (2) junction are inconvenient safeguards and reduce resistance, to influence each other the inconvenient defect such as to construct with sidewall furnace lining, insulative sidewall (3).

Negative electrode 8 is drawn in the side of shell 7, decreases the parts on burner hearth, is convenient to install the adjustment component 3 controlling anode 9 and move.Also make negative electrode 8 and supply lead thereof avoid the high temperature corrosion district of upper furnace, the negative electrode 8 in burner hearth is fully immersed in ionogen, does not contact with air simultaneously, is not only conducive to reduction resistance but also is conducive to increasing the service life.

The jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12 being positioned at external terminal 81 surface of shell 7 effectively reduces the temperature of terminals 81, and then reduces resistance, improves electrical efficiency.Lower cathode temperature also help prevent ionogen along negative electrode 8 outside furnace wall 6 seepage.

One end of crucible 10 and the degree of depth more shallow liquid metal product of being conducive to crucible 10 in less relative to the other end width is concentrated to darker one end, is beneficial to the caterpillar that arranges product and takes out product.

Adopt KG6000A power supply during electrolytic metal neodymium, main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1030-1100 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 6000A, electric power output voltage 6.5V, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 5.2kWh/ (kgNd).

Adopt KG6000A power supply during electrolytic metal praseodymium, main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 950-1050 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 6000A, electric power output voltage 6.3V, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 5.2kWh/ (kgPr).

Embodiment 2

See Fig. 2, Fig. 7.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, watercooler 12, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5.Be provided with seal closure 4 on shell 7 shell 7 is covered in wherein.2 pieces of negative electrodes 8a, 8b and 3 pieces of anodes 9a, 9b, 9c are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described each negative electrode 8 is metal sheet, be terminals 81 to one end of furnace wall 6 inwall outside shell 7, the other end is vertically suspended in burner hearth 5 through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 outside shell 7, is sealingly fastened in furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7 by antiseepage insulating element 20.Described anode 9a, 9b, 9c upper end 91a, 91b, 91c be separately each passed through seal closure 4 and be positioned at adjustment component 3a corresponding on seal closure 4,3b, 3c connect, each adjustment component 3 controls corresponding anode 9 respectively and moves.Each anode 9 is all parallel with each negative electrode 8, and the both sides of each negative electrode 8 hang 1 piece of anode 9 respectively, and negative electrode 8 and anode 9 are alternately arranged.Described each adjustment component 3 can control corresponding anode 9 respectively and be elevated and/or all around motion.The cross section of described crucible 10 is trapezoidal, is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below two pieces of negative electrodes 8, and along keeping level on it, one jiao, bottom is darker relative to all the other each pull degree.Terminals 81 surface that described watercooler 12 is arranged on outside shell 7 keeps suitable distance with shell 7.Watercooler 12 and shell 7 keep suitable distance can save the insulating material arranged when watercooler 12 directly contacts with shell 7 therebetween.

Because the anode 9b being positioned at centre is two-sided electrolysis, i.e. two-sided consumption, the distance of anode 9b bis-electrolysis working face and negative electrode 8a, 8b constantly increases, and may occur that anode 9b bis-electrolysis working face spending rate is different, make the left electrolysis face of anode 9b different with the distance of negative electrode 8b with the right electrolysis face of anode 9b from the distance of negative electrode 8a.Cause the electrolytic speed in each electrolysis interval uneven, the electrolysis material concentration difference between different electrolysis zone increases.Complete electrolysis and will sink down into furnace bottom failed by electrolysis raw material between the electrolysis zone that electrolysis material concentration is too high, may occur anode effect between the electrolysis zone that electrolysis material concentration is too low because lacking electrolysis raw material.Now can be moved by adjustment component 3b control anode 9b and make the left and right electrolysis face of anode 9b and the distance phase coadaptation between negative electrode 8a, 8b.According to the left and right electrolysis face of anode 9b and the change of negative electrode 8a, 8b spacing, adjustment component 3a, 3c corresponding adjustment anode 9a, anode 9c electrolysis face and the spacing of negative electrode 8a, 8b respectively can also be passed through, reach the object of the even electrolysis in each electrolysis zone.

During electrolytic metal lanthanum, anode 9 top is connected with positive source by wire, and two terminals 81 are connected with the negative pole of power supply after shell 7 loong shunt.The starting material such as lanthanum compound enter in burner hearth 5 from feed-pipe 1, and the negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5 soaks by the ionogen of melting completely.After switching on power, lanthanum compound is electrolyzed to produce lanthanoid metal liquid and flows to crucible 10 along negative electrode 8 and to be collected in crucible 10 and to concentrate from the darker one end of trend on negative electrode 8.When needing the processing parameters such as adjustment electrolytic furnace voltage, electric current, current density, anode 9 can be controlled by adjustment component 3 to be elevated or the movable processing parameter such as effective electrolysis area, current density changing anode 9, also can control anode 9 by adjustment component 3 and move left and right the object that the distance changing negative and positive two interpolar reaches adjusting process parameter.

The cross section of crucible 10 is the trapezoidal materials that can reach minimizing making crucible 10, and the object economizing on resources and prevent crucible 10 to be out of shape, also helps and come out of the stove.

Main electrolysis process technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 950-1000 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 8000A, electric power output voltage 6.6V, lanthanoid metal electricity unit consumption 5.5kWh/ (kgLa).

Embodiment 3

See Fig. 3, Fig. 7.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, passage 11, jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6 in described shell 7 successively, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on thermal insulation layer 16.2 pieces of negative electrodes 8 and 4 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described each negative electrode 8 one end is vertically suspended in burner hearth 5 through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 outside shell 7, and the other end outside shell 7 becomes terminals 81, is connected body of heater is outer with the negative pole of power supply; Each negative electrode 8 is sealingly fastened in shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 respectively, negative electrode 8 and have antiseepage insulating element 20 between furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7.Described adjustment component 3 also comprises connecting rod 33, and wherein adjustment component 3 is positioned on seal closure 4, and connecting rod 33 is connected with each graphite anode 9 through seal closure 4.Described adjustment component 3 is rectangular by described anode 9, is fastened on the lower end of connecting rod 33, respectively hangs one piece of anode 9 abreast in the both sides of every block negative electrode 8.Described adjustment component 3 controls anode 9 and to be elevated and/or all around is moved, and adjustment component 3 can also control anode 9 and rotate around sea line and/or plummet.The passage 11 being provided with connection two crucible 10 between a crucible 10, two crucible 10 is respectively set bottom burner hearth 5 below each negative electrode 8.Described jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12 is arranged on terminals 81 surface outside shell 7.

During electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloy, described graphite anode 9 is connected with positive source, and terminals 81 are connected with power cathode.Negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5 is immersed in the materials such as fused salt, and after switching on power, rare earth compound is electrolyzed to produce hybrid metal liquid and flows down along negative electrode 8 and be collected in crucible 10 on negative electrode 8.When needing the processing parameters such as adjustment electrolytic furnace voltage, current density, can by adjustment component 3 control anode 9 be elevated and/or movable, rotate the adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode 9, also can control by adjustment component 3 object that distance that anode 9 side-to-side movement changes negative and positive two interpolar reaches adjustment corresponding process parameters.

Adopt negative electrode 8 and anode 9 heavily fortified point to be directly arranged in parallel, be conducive to reactant gases effusion.Respectively hang one piece of anode 9 abreast in the both sides of every block negative electrode 8, arbitrary piece of anode 9 can be adjusted separately, be convenient to control steady production.

If desired, anode 9 can be controlled and be slightly elevated continuously and/or move forward and backward to stir ionogen, make ionogen evenly and/or the effusion of quickening gas.

After passage 11 is set, same crucible 10 is finally entered from the two negative electrodes 8 praseodymium neodymium alloy that electrolysis produces respectively, only can take out product from a crucible 10, overcome the defect that multiple discharging device need be set respectively when each crucible 10 takes out product, improve the consistence of product simultaneously.

Can realize maximizing with the present embodiment vibrational power flow many groups anode and cathode, with Chinese patent ZL201320875408.4 etc. with the use of being convenient to realize automatization, and more energy-conservation, realize cleaner production.

Adopt HISFB-10000A high frequency switch power during electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloy, main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1000-1080 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 10000A, electric power output voltage 6.4V, praseodymium neodymium alloy electricity unit consumption 5.1kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Embodiment 4

See Fig. 1, Fig. 4.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have furnace wall 6 in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4.2 pieces of plate-like cathodes 8 and 2 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described two negative electrodes 8 respectively have one end to be suspended in burner hearth 5 to be in same vertical plane and to be not in contact with each other mutually through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 from the both sides of shell 7 respectively in opposite directions, and the other end outside shell 7 becomes respective terminals 81; Each negative electrode 8 is sealingly fastened in shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 respectively by antiseepage insulating element 20.Described anode 9 is rectangular, and size and the size of two negative electrodes 8 in burner hearth 5 match, and be connected by screw, hang on the both sides of negative electrode 8 abreast with negative electrode 8 with the connecting rod 33 of adjustment component 3.Described adjustment component 3 can control anode 9 and be elevated and/or all around motion.Described crucible 10 is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below two negative electrodes 8.

Adopt 2 pieces of negative electrodes 8 to arrange in opposite directions in same plane, more handy less cathode material can be used, reduce negative electrode cost.

During electrolytic metal praseodymium, anode 9 is connected with positive source, and terminals 81 are connected with the negative pole of power supply outward respectively at body of heater.

Adopt HISFB-10000A high frequency switch power during electrolytic metal praseodymium, main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 950-1050 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 10000A, electric power output voltage 6.3V, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 5.2kWh/ (kgPr).

Embodiment 5

See Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 8.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, water cooler 12b, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.From the furnace wall 6 having thermal insulation layer 16 outside to inside and built up by graphite material in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on thermal insulation layer 16.2 pieces of negative electrodes 8 and 2 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described two negative electrodes 8 are tabular, and be in same vertical plane and be mutually permanently connected from the both sides of shell 7 through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 in opposite directions respectively, the other end outside furnace wall 6 becomes respective terminals 81; Each negative electrode 8 is sealingly fastened in shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6, has antiseepage insulating element 20 between negative electrode 8 and shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6.Described anode 9 is rectangular, and size and the size of two negative electrodes 8 in burner hearth 5 match, and upper end is connected with the connecting rod 33 lower end bolt being positioned at the adjustment component 3 of also passing seal closure 4 on seal closure 4, hangs on the both sides of negative electrode 8 abreast with negative electrode 8.Described adjustment component 3 can control anode 9 and be elevated and/or all around motion.Described crucible 10 is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below negative electrode 8.In the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8, have endoporus 12a, in order to water flowing cooling negative electrode 8 terminals 81 and be positioned at shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, the part negative electrode 8 of furnace wall 6 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Described water cooler 12b is provided with cooling fluid and imports and exports the outside that (not shown) is wrapped in antiseepage insulating element 20 and be adjacent to furnace wall 6.Described water cooler 12b also can keep suitable distance with furnace wall 6.

Adopt 2 pieces of negative electrodes 8 to be mutually permanently connected in same vertical plane, be conducive to the stability strengthening negative electrode 8.And the shorter cathode material more easily obtained can be used.

The terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 offer endoporus 12a can improve to be positioned at furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 terminals 81 and near the cooling performance of part negative electrode 8 etc., reduce resistance.Simultaneously because the temperature of the terminals 81 in furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 reduces, be conducive to the liquid such as the ionogen that may ooze out along negative electrode 8 and solidify, stop the liquid such as fused salt to ooze to shell.

The outside that water cooler 12b is wrapped in antiseepage insulating element 20 is adjacent to furnace wall 6 can effective cooling antiseepage insulating element 20 and furnace wall 6, and strengthening stops the effect that the liquid such as ionogen ooze out further.

Adopt HISFB-10000A high frequency switch power during electrolytic metal neodymium, anode 9 is connected with positive source.Two terminals 81 can be connected with the negative pole of power supply respectively, and terminals 81 also can be only had to be connected with the negative pole of power supply.Two terminals 81 can reduce the electric current of terminals 81 and wire when being connected with the negative pole of power supply respectively.

Main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1030-1100 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 10000A, electric power output voltage 6.4V, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 5.1kWh/ (kgNd).

Embodiment 6

See Fig. 3, Fig. 9, Figure 10.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12, drainage plate 15, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6 in described shell 7 successively, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on thermal insulation layer 16.3 pieces of negative electrodes 8 and 6 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described each negative electrode 8 is made up of metal sheet, and one end is vertically placed in burner hearth 5 through shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6 and arrives offside furnace wall 6 and have antiseepage insulating element 20 to be isolated with furnace wall 6 by each negative electrode 8 outside shell 7; The other end outside shell 7 becomes terminals 81; Each terminals 81 are sealingly fastened in shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6, each terminals 81 and all have antiseepage insulating element 20 between shell 7, thermal insulation layer 16 and furnace wall 6.Described drainage plate 15 is made up of metallic substance, totally 6, and lay respectively in burner hearth 5 below each antiseepage insulating element 20 and negative electrode 8, the furnace wall 6 under antiseepage insulating element 20 tilts to crucible 10, terminates in the top in crucible 10 inwall.Described anode 9 splices rectangular by polylith graphite, removably connects with the connecting rod 33 of adjustment component 3, respectively hangs one piece of anode 9 abreast in the both sides of every block negative electrode 8.Described adjustment component 3 can control anode 9 and be elevated and/or all around motion.Below each negative electrode 8, bottom burner hearth 5, a crucible 10 is respectively set.Described jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12a is arranged on terminals 81 surface outside shell 7.In the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8, also preset copper pipe 12b, cool the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 in order to water flowing and be positioned at furnace wall 6, the part negative electrode 8 at thermal insulation layer 16 place, antiseepage insulating element 20.

The situation improving self gravitation anticathode 8 and affect is fixed in the furnace wall 6 of terminals 81 offside in negative electrode 8 one end in burner hearth, reduces negative electrode 8 operationally because of the possibility of self gravitation distortion.

The rare earth metal that negative electrode 8 falls near furnace wall 6 can be introduced in crucible 10 by drainage plate 15, the distortion that the rare earth metal avoiding the negative electrode 8 outside crucible 10 inwall vertical line and between furnace wall 6 to generate and negative electrode 8 cause installing, in use procedure, rare earth metal product is flow to outside crucible 10 along the negative electrode 8 of distortion, causes directly contacting rear rare earth metal product carbon content with the graphite material constructing furnace wall 6 and increase and cause the defect that quality product declines.Usually the carbon content dropping on rare earth metal outside crucible 10 or alloy product can be increased to about 0.1wt% by about 0.02wt%, will have a strong impact on quality product.

Adopt HISFB-15000A high frequency switch power during electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloy, each anode 9 is connected with positive source respectively.Each negative electrode 8 is connected with the negative pole of power supply respectively.Main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1000-1080 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 15000A, electric power output voltage 6.2V, praseodymium neodymium alloy electricity unit consumption 5kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Embodiment 7

See Fig. 3, Figure 11.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12, drainage plate 15, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have furnace wall 6 in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4.3 pieces of negative electrodes 8 and 6 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described each negative electrode 8 is made by many rectangular metal are excellent superimposed respectively, and two ends are integrally welded respectively, and two ends are each passed through shell 7 and furnace wall 6 is vertically arranged; Either end outside shell 7 all can become terminals 81 and be connected with the negative pole of power supply; Each negative electrode 8 is sealingly fastened in furnace wall 6, all has antiseepage insulating element 20 between each negative electrode 8 two ends and furnace wall 6 and shell 7.Described drainage plate 15 is made up of metallic substance, totally 6, to lay respectively in burner hearth 5 below each antiseepage insulating element 20 and negative electrode 8, tilts, terminate in above crucible 10 inwall from antiseepage insulating element 20 to crucible 10.Described anode 9 is rectangular, and upper end is connected with adjustment component 3, respectively hangs one piece of anode 9 abreast in the both sides of every block negative electrode 8.Described anode 9 is connected with positive source by wire.Described adjustment component 3 can control anode 9 and be elevated and/or all around motion.Below each negative electrode 8, bottom burner hearth 5, a crucible 10 is respectively set.Described jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12 is arranged on terminals 81 surface outside shell 7.

Rectangular bars metal easily obtains, and intensity is large, makes and easy for installation, uses reliable.

Adopt HISFB-15000A high frequency switch power during electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloy, main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1000-1080 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 15000A, electric power output voltage 6.1V, praseodymium neodymium alloy electricity unit consumption 4.9kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Embodiment 8

See Fig. 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 8.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, water cooler 12b, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.From the furnace wall 6 having thermal insulation layer 16 outside to inside and built up by graphite material in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5, and burner hearth 5 top is provided with seal closure 4 and covers on thermal insulation layer 16.1 piece of negative electrode 8 and 2 pieces of anodes 9 are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described negative electrode 8 is tabular, and two ends are each passed through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 becomes two terminals 81 outside shell 7; Two terminals 81 are sealingly fastened in the shell 7 of both sides and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 respectively, have antiseepage insulating element 20 between negative electrode 8 and shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6.Described anode 9 is rectangular, matches with the size of negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5, is connected, hangs on the both sides of negative electrode 8 abreast with negative electrode 8 with the connecting rod 33 through seal closure 4 of the adjustment component 3 be positioned on seal closure 4 with bolt.Described adjustment component 3 can control anode 9 by connecting rod 33 and to be elevated and/or all around is moved, rotated.Described rotation comprises rotates around sea line and/or vertical line.Described crucible 10 is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below negative electrode 8.In the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8, there is endoporus 12a, cool the terminals 81 of negative electrode 8 in order to water flowing and be positioned at shell 7 and antiseepage insulating element 20.

Monoblock negative electrode 8 passes and is fixed in shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6, and the intensity of negative electrode 8 is good, and it is excellent to bear self gravitation ability.

Terminals 81 one end of negative electrode 8 offer endoporus 12a can improve to be positioned at furnace wall 6 terminals 81 and near the cooling performance of part negative electrode 8 etc., reduce resistance.Simultaneously because the temperature of the terminals 81 in furnace wall 6 reduces, be conducive to the liquid such as the ionogen that may ooze out along negative electrode 8 and solidify, stop the liquid such as fused salt to ooze to shell.

The outside that water cooler 12b is wrapped in antiseepage insulating element 20 is adjacent to furnace wall 6 can effective cooling antiseepage insulating element 20 and furnace wall 6, and strengthening stops the effect that the liquid such as ionogen ooze out further.

Adopt HISFB-10000A high frequency switch power during electrolytic metal neodymium, anode 9 is connected with positive source.Two terminals 81 can be connected with the negative pole of power supply respectively, and terminals 81 also can be only had to be connected with the negative pole of power supply.Two terminals 81 can reduce the electric current of terminals 81 and wire when being connected with the negative pole of power supply respectively.Main technique technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 1030-1100 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 10000A, electric power output voltage 6.4V, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 5.1kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Comparative example 1

See Figure 15

Existing 5KA rare earth molten-salt electrolysis stove, comprises stove cover plate 30, negative electrode 31, anode conducting plate 32, corundum packing ring 33, thermal insulation layer 34, furnace wall 35, anode 36, stove outer covering 37 and molybdenum crucible 38.Described stove outer covering 37 is made up of Plate Welding, and build into thermal insulation layer 34 by insulating cotton by laying bricks or stones with materials such as insulating bricks, plumbago crucible and packing material build up graphite cuvette furnace wall 35.Cavity in described furnace wall 35 forms burner hearth 39.Be provided with 1 molybdenum crucible, 38,4 pieces of anodes 36 and 1 negative electrode 31 in described graphite cuvette burner hearth 39, negative electrode 31 vertical hanging is in burner hearth 39, above molybdenum crucible 38, and anode 36 hangs in burner hearth 39 around negative electrode 31.Negative electrode 31 is connected with power cathode.Described molybdenum crucible 38 is positioned at bottom burner hearth 39.The lower end of described anode conducting plate 32 is connected with anode 36 bolt, and upper end is connected with positive source.

Adopt this comparative example 5KA electrolytic furnace to adopt KG6000A power supply, the main technique technical indicator of electrolysis production neodymium metal: electrolysis temperature 1030-1150 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 5000A, bath voltage 9.5V, and electric unit consumption is 8.8kWh/ (kgNd).

The existing Rare Earth Electrolysis stove type of furnace has following defect: the negative electrode upper hanging type structure that fire door opens wide, gas sampling difficulty, work under bad environment, and labour intensity is large; Small scale, bath voltage are high, furnace temperature is high, energy consumption is high, fire door upper space minor structure complicated, are difficult to realize automatization and maximization.For ensureing that electrolytic furnace normally runs, for convenience of adjusting process parameter, usually adopt the power supply larger than actual needs.Namely power supply is allowed some leeway, during normal electrolysis utilization ratio and efficiency lower.

Embodiment 9

See Fig. 1, Fig. 7, Figure 12.

Electrolytic furnace group, comprises common source 12 and electrolytic furnace I, II.2 electrolytic furnaces I, II are connected, makes 2 electrolytic furnaces and share 1 power supply 12 built-up circuit 41 (in Figure 12 thick line).Namely the anode 9 of electrolytic furnace I is connected with the positive pole of common source 12, and the negative electrode 8 of electrolytic furnace II is connected with the negative pole of common source 12, and the negative electrode 8 of electrolytic furnace I connects to form electrolytic furnace group with the anode 9 of electrolytic furnace II.

Described electrolytic furnace I, II identical, be electrolytic furnace described in embodiment 1.Described common source 12 adopts KG6000A power supply.

During electrolysis, provide total voltage and Faradaic current needed for electrolytic furnace I, II by common source 12.When needing the processing parameter such as Faradaic current, current density, temperature adjusting each electrolytic furnace, respective anode 9 can be controlled by the adjustment component 3 of each electrolytic furnace to be elevated or to seesaw the adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode 9, also can control by adjustment component 3 object that distance that anode 9 side-to-side movement changes negative and positive two interpolars reaches adjustment corresponding process parameters.

During electrolysis, neodymium metal produced by electrolytic furnace I, and metal praseodymium produced by electrolytic furnace II.Main technique technical indicator is as follows:

Electrolytic furnace I: electrolysis temperature 1030-1100 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 6000A, neodymium metal electricity unit consumption 4.8kWh/ (kgNd).

Electrolytic furnace II: electrolysis temperature 1000-1050 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 6000A, metal praseodymium electricity unit consumption 4.7kWh/ (kgPr).

Common source 12 output voltage 12.7V, outward current 6000A.

Common source 12 output voltage is conducive to the loss reducing electric energy after raising.

Changing after production kind or model/specification also can only each electrolytic furnace related process parameters in regulating YIN and YANG the two poles of the earth distance and adjustable electrolytic furnace group.

Embodiment 10

See Fig. 3, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 13.

Electrolytic furnace group, comprises 1 common source, 12,4 electrolytic furnaces (A, N, P, Z), 2 accessory power supply (13N, 13P) and 8 switches (17A, 18A, 17N, 18N, 17P, 18P, 17Z and 18Z).4 electrolytic furnaces are electrolytic furnace described in embodiment 6.Described common source 12 is HISFB-15000A high frequency switch power.

The anode 9A of described electrolytic furnace A is connected with the positive pole of common source 12, has switch 18A between anode 9A and common source 12, the negative electrode 8A of electrolytic furnace A is connected with the anode 9N of electrolytic furnace N, switch 18N is had between negative electrode 8A and anode 9N, the negative electrode 8N of electrolytic furnace N is connected with the anode 9P of electrolytic furnace P, has switch 18P between negative electrode 8N and anode 9P, the negative electrode 8P of electrolytic furnace P is connected with the anode 9Z of electrolytic furnace Z, has switch 18Z between negative electrode 8P and anode 9Z, and the negative electrode 8Z of electrolytic furnace Z and the negative pole of common source 12 connect to form the master loop 41 of electrolytic furnace group.

Described electrolytic furnace N is also furnished with accessory power supply 13N, and electrolytic furnace P is also furnished with accessory power supply 13P.

The positive pole of described accessory power supply 13N is connected with anode 9N, and negative pole is connected with negative electrode 8N.The positive pole of described accessory power supply 13P is connected with anode 9P, and negative pole is connected with negative electrode 8P.

Described switch 17A and wire composition control circuit 42A is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace A in master loop 41, and pilot circuit 42A combines to cut with switch 18A and stops electrolytic furnace A.Described switch 17N and wire composition control circuit 42N is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace N in master loop 41, and pilot circuit 42N combines to cut with switch 18N and stops electrolytic furnace N.Described switch 17P and wire composition control circuit 42P is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace P in master loop 41, and pilot circuit 42P combines to cut with switch 18P and stops electrolytic furnace P.Described switch 17Z and wire composition control circuit 42Z is connected in parallel in the circuit of electrolytic furnace Z, and pilot circuit 42Z combines to cut with switch 18Z and stops electrolytic furnace Z.

Each pilot circuit 42 compound action of above-mentioned each switch 18 and correspondence, can cut electrolytic furnace A, N, P, Z arbitrarily and stop and do not affect the use of all the other electrolytic furnaces in electrolytic furnace group.

During electrolysis, provide total voltage needed for electrolytic furnace A, N, P, Z by common source 12 and by electrical current needed for minimum electrolytic furnace A, the Z of Faradaic current in electrolytic furnace group.When needing the processing parameter such as Faradaic current, current density, temperature adjusting all the other each electrolytic furnaces, anode 9 can be controlled by adjustment component 3 to be elevated or to seesaw the adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode 9, also can control by adjustment component 3 object that distance that anode 9 side-to-side movement changes negative and positive two interpolars reaches adjustment corresponding process parameters.If desired, the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that each accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace can also be controlled.

In production, electrolytic furnace A, Z are main with processing parameters such as anode 9A, 9Z side-to-side movement adjustment anode distance control electrolytic furnace A, Z electrolysis temperatures respectively.Electrolytic furnace N, while adjusting pole span with anode 9N side-to-side movement, is aided with accessory power supply 13N outward current 100A-600A and controls the processing parameters such as electrolytic furnace temperature.Electrolytic furnace P, while adjusting pole span with anode 9P side-to-side movement, is aided with accessory power supply 13P outward current 200A-500A and controls the processing parameters such as electrolytic furnace temperature.

On the basis of common source 12 stable power-supplying, the sensitiveest with regulating YIN and YANG the two poles of the earth pole span in above-mentioned regulative mode, therefore should first regulating YIN and YANG the two poles of the earth pole span when adjusting process parameter.When optimal processing parameter can't be reached in the mode adjusting pole span, the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that each accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace can also be controlled.

Cut arbitrarily in electrolytic furnace group after stopping electrolytic furnace A and/or N, P, Z, total voltage and/or the electric current adjustment corresponding process parameters of common source 12 output should be adjusted.Can also respectively control the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace.

Main electrolysis process technical indicator:

Electrolytic furnace A, N, P, Z all produce praseodymium neodymium alloy, common source 12 output voltage 24.6V, and electric current is about 15000A, electrolysis temperature 1000-1080 DEG C, praseodymium neodymium alloy electricity unit consumption 4.5kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Common source 12 output voltage is lower than electric power output voltage sum during 4 electrolytic furnace A independent electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloys.

Embodiment 11

See Fig. 1, Figure 11, Figure 14.

Electrolytic furnace group, comprises common source 12, accessory power supply 13 and electrolytic furnace A, Z.

Described electrolytic furnace A, Z are identical, are electrolytic furnace described in embodiment 7.

Described common source 12 is HISFB-15000A high frequency switch power.

Common source 12 is connected with electrolytic furnace A, electrolytic furnace Z, and the electrolytic circuit of formation is master loop 41.Namely the anode A 9 of electrolytic furnace A is connected with the positive pole of common source 12, and the negative electrode 8Z of electrolytic furnace Z is connected with the negative pole of common source 12, and the negative electrode 8A of electrolytic furnace A and the anode 9Z of electrolytic furnace Z connects to form electrolysis master loop 41 (in Figure 14 heavy line).Accessory power supply 13 is connected to the two ends of electrolytic furnace Z in electrolysis master loop 41.Namely the positive pole of accessory power supply 12 is connected to the anode Z9 of electrolytic furnace Z, and negative pole is connected to the anode Z8 of electrolytic furnace Z.That is, when accessory power supply 13 works and common source 12 common to electrolytic furnace Z parallel operation.

During electrolysis praseodymium neodymium alloy, by the total voltage of common source 12 output voltage control electrolytic furnace group, and provide electric energy needed for electrolytic furnace A, Z by electric current outward current needed for electrolytic furnace A.In production, electrolytic furnace A, Z are respectively with processing parameters such as the electrolysis temperatures of anode 9A, 9Z side-to-side movement adjustment anode distance control electrolytic furnace A, Z, also can control anode 9A, 9Z lifting respectively by adjustment component 3A, 3Z or the adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode that seesaws.Electrolytic furnace Z can also be aided with the processing parameter such as Faradaic current, temperature that accessory power supply Z13 outward current 100A-600A controls electrolytic furnace Z while with anode 9Z side-to-side movement adjustment pole span.Also accessory power supply 13Z outward current 100A-600A can be regulated separately to control the processing parameter such as Faradaic current, temperature of electrolytic furnace Z.The liquid level of the basic vertical electrolytic liquid of working face of each negative electrode 8, liquid metal neodymium directly falls in crucible 10 along negative electrode 8 working face.Along with the consumption of each anode 9, each adjustment component 3 controls respective anode 9 and draws close to corresponding negative electrode 8 gradually, to keep suitable Anode-cathode Distance.Because each anode 9 may occur non-homogeneous consumption when consuming, therefore, each adjustment component 3 can also control before and after each anode 9 and/or move up and down to adjust effective electrolysis area; If desired, each anode 9 can also rotate around sea line and/or plummet so that holding anode 9 electrolysis working face is parallel with negative electrode 8 working face as far as possible under the control of corresponding adjustment component 3.The angle that usual anode 9 rotates is within 15 °, the most frequently used with 3-5 °.All motions of above-mentioned anode 9, the gas produced when all contributing to electrolysis is overflowed.

During electrolysis, electrolytic furnace A, Z all produce praseodymium neodymium alloy: common source 12 output voltage 12.4V, and outward current is about 15000A; Accessory power supply Z13 outward current 100A-600A, electrolysis temperature 1030-1100 DEG C, neodymium metal average electrical unit consumption 4.5kWh/ (kgPrNd).

Embodiment 12

See Fig. 3, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 13.

Electrolytic furnace group, comprises 1 common source, 12,6 electrolytic furnaces (A, B, N, P, Y and Z), 6 accessory power supply (13A, 13B, 13N, 13P, 13Y and 13Z) and 12 switches (17A, 18A, 17B, 18B, 17N, 18N, 17P, 18P, 17Y, 18Y, 17Z and 18Z).Described common source 12 is HISFB-15000A high frequency switch power.

The anode 9A of described electrolytic furnace A is connected with the positive pole of common source 12, switch 18A is had between anode 9A and common source 12, the negative electrode 8A of electrolytic furnace A is connected with the anode 9B of electrolytic furnace B, switch 18B is had between negative electrode 8A and anode 9B, the negative electrode 8B of electrolytic furnace B is connected with the anode 9N of electrolytic furnace N, switch 18N is had between negative electrode 8B and anode 9N, the negative electrode 8N of electrolytic furnace N is connected with the anode 9P of electrolytic furnace P, switch 18P is had between negative electrode 8N and anode 9P, the negative electrode 8P of electrolytic furnace P is connected with the anode 9Y of electrolytic furnace Y, switch 18Y is had between negative electrode 8P and anode 9Y, the negative electrode 8Y of electrolytic furnace Y is connected with the anode 9Z of electrolytic furnace Z, switch 18Z is had between negative electrode 8Y and anode 9Z, the negative electrode 8Z of electrolytic furnace Z and the negative pole of common source 12 connect to form the master loop 41 that in electrolytic furnace group, common source 12 is powered to each electrolytic furnace simultaneously.

Each electrolytic furnace is furnished with 1 accessory power supply 13 respectively, and the described positive pole of each accessory power supply 13 is connected with the anode 9 of respective electrolytic furnace, and the negative pole of each accessory power supply 13 is connected with the negative electrode 8 of respective electrolytic furnace.

Described switch 17A and wire composition control circuit 42A is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace A in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42A combines to cut with switch 18A and stops electrolytic furnace A.Described switch 17B and wire composition control circuit 42B is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace B in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42B combines to cut with switch 18B and stops electrolytic furnace B.Described switch 17N and wire composition control circuit 42N is connected in parallel on the electric two ends of electrolytic furnace N in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42N combines to cut with switch 18N and stops electrolytic furnace N.Described switch 17P and wire composition control circuit 42P is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace P in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42P combines to cut with switch 18P and stops electrolytic furnace P.Described switch 17Y and wire composition control circuit 42Y is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace Y in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42Y combines to cut with switch 18Y and stops electrolytic furnace Y.Described switch 17Z and wire composition control circuit 42Z is connected in parallel on the two ends of electrolytic furnace Z in master loop 42, and pilot circuit 42Z combines to cut with switch 18Z and stops electrolytic furnace Z.

Described electrolytic furnace A, B, N, P, Y and Z are identical, and wherein electrolytic furnace A is electrolytic furnace used in embodiment 2.

Each pilot circuit 42 compound action of above-mentioned each switch 18 and correspondence, can cut any electrolytic furnace and stop and do not affect the use of all the other electrolytic furnaces in electrolytic furnace group.

During electrolysis, provide total voltage needed for electrolytic furnace A, B, N, P, Y and Z by common source 12 and by the electrical current needed for the minimum electrolytic furnace A of Faradaic current in electrolytic furnace group.When needing the processing parameter such as Faradaic current, current density, temperature adjusting all the other each electrolytic furnaces, anode 9 can be controlled by adjustment component 3 to be elevated or to seesaw the adjustment such as effective conductive area, the current density corresponding process parameters changing anode 9, also can control by adjustment component 3 object that distance that anode 9 side-to-side movement changes negative and positive two interpolars reaches adjustment corresponding process parameters.If desired, the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that each accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace can also be controlled.

On the basis of common source 12 stable power-supplying, when regulating the processing parameter of each electrolytic furnace, in above-mentioned regulative mode, negative and positive the two poles of the earth pole span of electrolytic furnace need be regulated the sensitiveest with adjustment, therefore should first regulating YIN and YANG the two poles of the earth pole span when adjusting process parameter.When optimal processing parameter can't be reached in the mode adjusting pole span, the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that each accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace can also be controlled.When only needing the processing parameter of adjustment one or several electrolytic furnaces to regulate the accessory power supply most convenient that need regulate electrolytic furnace.

When regulating the processing parameter of each electrolytic furnace to regulate the accessory power supply outward current of electrolytic furnace, owing to not needing the electrolysis voltage adjusting electrolytic furnace, be conducive to reducing electrolytic power consumption.

In jacket water (J.W.) water cooler 12, copper pipe 12b water coolant effect under, on the one hand the temperature of negative electrode 8 declines, resistance declines, product power consumption reduces; On the other hand as the ionogen oozed out can be solidified in time when stove Inner electrolysis matter liquid oozes out along negative electrode 8.

Cut arbitrarily in electrolytic furnace group after stopping electrolytic furnace A and/or B, N, P, Y, Z, total voltage and/or the electric current adjustment corresponding process parameters of common source 12 output can be adjusted.Can also respectively control the processing parameter such as electrolytic furnace temperature, electric current, current density that accessory power supply 13 adjusts corresponding electrolytic furnace.

Main electrolysis process technical indicator:

Electrolytic furnace A, B, N, P, Y and Z all produce praseodymium neodymium alloy, common source 12 output voltage 37.6V, and electric current is about 15000A, electrolysis temperature 1000-1080 DEG C, praseodymium neodymium alloy electricity unit consumption 4.4kWh/ (kgPrNd).

In production, each electrolytic furnace is mainly respectively with processing parameters such as anode 9 side-to-side movement adjustment negative electrode 8 and each electrolytic furnace electrolysis voltage of anode 9 the two poles of the earth distance controlling, electrolysis temperatures, accessory power supply A13, B13, Z13 outward current 100-400A respectively.Electrolytic furnace N, while adjusting pole span with anode N9 side-to-side movement, is aided with accessory power supply N13 outward current 400-600A and controls the processing parameters such as electrolytic furnace temperature.Electrolytic furnace P, Y, while adjusting pole span with anode P9 side-to-side movement, are aided with accessory power supply P13, Y13 difference outward current 600-900A and control the processing parameters such as electrolytic furnace temperature.

When needing the processing parameters such as the electrolysis temperature of adjustment separate unit electrolytic furnace aborning, the electric current that corresponding accessory power supply 13 exports can be adjusted, now less on all the other electrolytic furnaces impact in electrolytic furnace group.

The absolute value of the difference of the electric power output voltage sum of common source 12 output voltage and each the independent electrolysis rare earth metal of electrolytic furnace increases with the electrolytic furnace quantity worked in electrolytic furnace group and increases; Product electricity unit consumption increases with the electrolytic furnace quantity worked in electrolytic furnace group and reduces.

Embodiment 13

See Fig. 2, Fig. 7.

Electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe 1, adjustment component 3, seal closure 4, burner hearth 5, furnace wall 6, shell 7, negative electrode 8, anode 9, crucible 10, watercooler 12, thermal insulation layer 16 and antiseepage insulating element 20.Have thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 in described shell 7, the cavity in furnace wall 6 forms open-topped burner hearth 5.Be provided with seal closure 4 on shell 7 shell 7 is covered in wherein.2 pieces of negative electrodes 8a, 8b and 3 pieces of anodes 9a, 9b, 9c are provided with in described burner hearth 5.Described each negative electrode 8 is metal sheet, be terminals 81 to one end of furnace wall 6 inwall outside shell 7, the other end is vertically suspended in burner hearth 5 through shell 7 and thermal insulation layer 16, furnace wall 6 outside shell 7, is sealingly fastened in furnace wall 6, thermal insulation layer 16 and shell 7 by antiseepage insulating element 20.Described anode 9a, 9b, 9c upper end 91a, 91b, 91c be separately each passed through seal closure 4 and be positioned at adjustment component 3a corresponding on seal closure 4,3b, 3c connect, each adjustment component 3 controls corresponding anode 9 respectively and moves.Each anode 9 is all parallel with each negative electrode 8, and the both sides of each negative electrode 8 hang 1 piece of anode 9 respectively, and negative electrode 8 and anode 9 are alternately arranged.Described each adjustment component 3 can control corresponding anode 9 respectively and be elevated and/or all around motion.The cross section of described crucible 10 is trapezoidal, is placed in bottom burner hearth 5 and is positioned at below two pieces of negative electrodes 8, and along keeping level on it, one jiao, bottom is darker relative to all the other each pull degree.Terminals 81 surface that described watercooler 12 is arranged on outside shell 7 keeps suitable distance with shell 7.Watercooler 12 and shell 7 keep suitable distance can save the insulating material arranged when watercooler 12 directly contacts with shell 7 therebetween.

Anode 9 top is connected with positive source by wire, and two terminals 81 are connected with the negative pole of power supply after shell 7 loong shunt.The starting material such as lanthanum compound enter in burner hearth 5 from feed-pipe 1, and the negative electrode 8 in burner hearth 5 soaks by the ionogen of melting completely.After switching on power, lanthanum compound is electrolyzed to produce lanthanoid metal liquid and flows to crucible 10 along negative electrode 8 and to be collected in crucible 10 and to concentrate from the darker one end of trend on negative electrode 8.When needing the processing parameters such as adjustment electrolytic furnace voltage, electric current, current density, anode 9 can be controlled by adjustment component 3 to be elevated or the movable processing parameter such as effective electrolysis area, current density changing anode 9, also can control anode 9 by adjustment component 3 and move left and right the object that the distance changing negative and positive two interpolar reaches adjusting process parameter.

With anhydrous lanthanum chloride be raw material in Chlorides molten salts during electrolytic metal lanthanum, anode 9 spending rate is slow, and to be thus consumed the negative and positive two interpole gap change caused little for anode 9.Therefore, the anode 9 between two negative electrodes 8 can adopt two-sided electrolysis to improve the efficiency of anode 9.

Main electrolysis process technical indicator: electrolysis temperature 920-980 DEG C, Faradaic current is about 8000A, electric power output voltage 10V, lanthanoid metal electricity unit consumption 10.7kWh/ (kgLa).

Below be only several optimal ways cited by the utility model, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, the utility model embodiment is not limited to above several, and any equivalent transformation done on basis of the present utility model, all should belong to category of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. an electrolytic furnace, comprises feed-pipe (1), adjustment component (3), seal closure (4), burner hearth (5), furnace wall (6), shell (7), negative electrode (8), anode (9), crucible (10), thermal insulation layer (16) and antiseepage insulating element (20); From being followed successively by shell (7), thermal insulation layer (16), furnace wall (6), burner hearth (5) outside to inside, the cavity in furnace wall (6) forms open-topped burner hearth (5); Upper furnace has seal closure (4); Negative electrode (8), anode (9) and crucible (10) is had in described burner hearth (5), described negative electrode (8) is vertically arranged through shell (7), thermal insulation layer (16) and furnace wall (6), the part be arranged in outside furnace wall (6) to shell (7) is terminals (81), terminals (81) and have antiseepage insulating element (20) between furnace wall (6), thermal insulation layer (16) and shell (7); Described anode (9) hangs on the side of negative electrode (8); Anode (9) top is connected with the adjustment component (3) be positioned on seal closure (4) and controls anode (9) motion; Described crucible (10) is placed in burner hearth (5) bottom and is positioned at negative electrode (8) below; Described feed-pipe (1) is communicated with burner hearth (5) through seal closure (4), it is characterized in that described anode (9) motion is for moving forward and backward, move up and down, move left and right and/or rotating, described rotation comprises rotates around sea line and/or plummet.

2. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that all there is anode (9) both sides of described negative electrode (8).

3. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described negative electrode (8) one end in stove embeds in the furnace wall (6) of terminals (81) offside, and have antiseepage insulating element (20) between furnace wall (6).

4. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described negative electrode (8) stretches in burner hearth (5) respectively from both sides, furnace wall.

5. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that described 2 negative electrodes (8) facing each other connect in burner hearth.

6. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that described negative electrode (8) passes across furnace wall (6) and the shell (7) of both sides, 2 terminals (81) of negative electrode (8) lay respectively at outside the shell (7) of both sides.

7. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the terminals (81) of negative electrode (8) are also provided with refrigerating unit (12).

8. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that described refrigerating unit (12) is positioned at cooling cathode connection end (81) and/or cools antiseepage insulation layer (20) outward.

9. electrolytic furnace as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-8, is characterized in that the end of described crucible (10) tilts to the other end from one end.

10. electrolytic furnace as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that adjustment component (3) also comprises connecting rod (33), the lower end of described connecting rod (33) is connected with anode (9) by screw, described negative electrode (8) is plate-like cathodes (8) in tabular, is provided with 2 pieces of plate-like cathodes (8) and 2 pieces of anodes (9) in burner hearth (5); Described two plate-like cathodes (8) respectively have one end to be suspended in burner hearth (5) to be in same vertical plane and to be not in contact with each other mutually through shell (7) and thermal insulation layer (16), furnace wall (6) from the both sides of shell (7) respectively in opposite directions; Described anode (9) is rectangular, and size and the size of two negative electrodes (8) in burner hearth (5) match, and hang on the both sides of negative electrode (8) abreast with negative electrode (8).