CN205020052U - Gas -liquid distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas -liquid distributor, this gas -liquid distributor include bubble cap and the downtake that is located this bubble cap below, and this downtake includes upper segment pipe and the hypomere pipe that is located upper segment pipe below, be fixed with on the upper segment pipe bubble cap, the hypomere is effective on installing the break plate, bubble cap's inner wall with be formed with the annulus between the outer wall of upper segment pipe, wherein, gas -liquid distributor still includes atomizing injection portion, and the injection portion that should atomize is fixed the lower part of break plate, and with relative and the intercommunication of hypomere pipe, be formed with in the atomizing injection portion aperture from last to diminish gradually earlier down after gradually the mixed phase of grow spray the orifice. Consequently, flowing through behind the break plate from the downtake as gas -liquid two -phase, can reinforceing gas -liquid two -phase's atomizing and distribution effect through the atomizing injection portion that is located the break plate lower part, help improving catalyst utilization efficiency, reduce the reaction temperature, extension fixture run time improves product quality and product selectivity.

Description

Gas-liquid distributor

Technical field

The utility model relates to gas-liquid two-phase distribution apparatus field, particularly, relates to a kind of gas-liquid distributor.

Background technology

The hydrogen addition technology of oil refers to petroleum distillate catalysis process in presence of hydrogen, is the important means of refining of petroleum products, upgrading and processing of heavy oil.In recent years, along with more and more higher to the demand of lightweight, cleaner fuels in world wide, and the decline year by year of crude quality, hydrogen addition technology also becomes more and more important in the status in refinery field.Since hydrogen addition technology comes out, obtain breakthrough progress to the research of hydrogenation catalyst, its catalytic activity obtains great raising, but the development of hydrogenation reactor and inner member thereof relatively lags behind, and governs further developing of hydrogen addition technology.

In fixed bed hydrogenation reactor, gas, liquid mixture stream react through beds, gas and uniform liquid can be distributed to whole reactor cross-section by the gas-liquid distributor arranged in reactor, making full use of of promoting catalyst and being uniformly distributed of heat of reaction, avoid the generation occurring the rough sledding such as hot localised points.

Along with the maximization of hydrogenation plant, the continuous increase of hydrogenation reactor diameter, realizes gas-liquid two-phase flow body being uniformly distributed in beds, ensures mass transfer, the heat transfer efficiency evenly carrying out and improve medium in reactor of heat transfer will become more difficult; On the other hand, country requires to improve constantly to oil quality, during as producing country V standard diesel oil in the near future, even if the channel occurring 1% in reactor can not the qualified product of output.Therefore in order to tackle larger-scale unit, product quality upgrading, and increase the impact of hydrogenation reactor catalyst bed layer height, ensure the qualified of production product quality, the requirement of the performance of gas-liquid distributor will be stricter.

Current China applies more bubble-cap type distributor and usually arranges stream breaker in down-comer bottom, the logistics of fragmentation gas-liquid two-phase is carried out by hole-opening on stream breaker, do not strengthen the effect of mass transmitting of gas, liquid two-phase further, the mixing of the two-phase that do not have clear improvement, dispersion, effect.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of gas-liquid distributor, this gas-liquid distributor can make gas-liquid two-phase mix evenly.

To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of gas-liquid distributor, this gas-liquid distributor comprises bubble cap and is positioned at the down-comer below this bubble cap, this down-comer comprises epimere pipe and is positioned at the hypomere pipe below epimere pipe, described epimere pipe is fixed with described bubble cap, described hypomere pipe is for being installed to distribution plate, annular space is formed between the inwall of described bubble cap and the outer wall of described epimere pipe, wherein, described gas-liquid distributor also comprises atomized spray portion, this atomized spray portion is relative with described hypomere pipe and be communicated with, and described atomized spray portion is formed becomes large mixed phase gradually after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and spray orifice.

Preferably, described mixed phase spray orifice comprise docking mutually second on round platform hole and second time round platform hole.

Preferably, on the hole wall in described second time round platform hole, gap-forming has many diversion grooves.

Preferably, many described diversion grooves extend along the generatrix direction in described second time round platform hole, and many described diversion grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferencial direction in described second time round platform hole.

Preferably, the ratio that described mixed phase sprays the minimum-value aperture of orifice and the internal diameter of described down-comer is 0.15-0.5, on described second, the vertex of a cone angle in round platform hole is 25 °-75 °, the cone base angle degree in described second time round platform hole is 25 °-75 °, the width of described diversion groove is 0.5-8mm, the degree of depth is 0.5-3mm, and the number of described diversion groove is 4-16.

Preferably, the inwall of described epimere pipe is also provided with gas injection portion, this gas injection portion is formed after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and becomes large gas-phase injection orifice gradually, described hypomere pipe is formed with liquid drain hole.

Preferably, described gas-phase injection orifice comprise mutually docking first on round platform hole and first time round platform hole.

Preferably, the ratio of the minimum-value aperture of described gas-phase injection orifice and the internal diameter of described down-comer is 0.15-0.5, and on described first, the vertex of a cone angle in round platform hole is 25 °-75 °, and the cone base angle degree in described first time round platform hole is 25 °-75 °.

Preferably, described liquid drain hole is arranged on the bottom of described down-comer.

Preferably, described liquid drain hole is multiple, and multiple described liquid drain hole is along the circumferential interval setting of described hypomere pipe.

Preferably, the inwall of each described liquid drain hole and described hypomere pipe is tangent.

Pass through technique scheme, the atomized spray portion that be also communicated with relative to described hypomere pipe is installed in the bottom of described distribution plate, like this, after gas-liquid two-phase flows through distribution plate from down-comer, mixing and the dispersion effect of gas-liquid two-phase can be strengthened by the atomized spray portion being positioned at distribution plate bottom, particularly, orifice is sprayed when gas-liquid two-phase becomes large mixed phase gradually after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually, because the cross-sectional area of circulation changes, therefore the flow velocity of gas-liquid two-phase can be promoted, and be fully atomized in the cavity that mixed phase sprays the bottom of orifice, spray to the beds top of bottom equably, therefore, contribute to improving catalyst utilization, reduce beds radial temperature difference, reduce reaction temperature, extension fixture duration of runs, improve the quality of products and product selectivity etc., in addition, it is simple that the gas-liquid distributor that the utility model provides also has structure, is easy to processing and manufacturing, the advantages such as cost of reducing investment outlay.

Other feature and advantage of the present utility model are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and forms a part for description, is used from explanation the utility model, but does not form restriction of the present utility model with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the gas-liquid distributor that the utility model preferred embodiment provides;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that down-comer 2 that the utility model preferred embodiment provides is installed on distribution plate 6;

Fig. 3 is along the cross-sectional view crossed by the D-D section in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view in the atomized spray portion that the utility model preferred embodiment provides;

Fig. 5 be Fig. 4 look up structural representation.

Description of reference numerals

1 bubble cap 2 down-comer 21 epimere pipe

Round platform hole on 210 gas injection portion 2100 gas-phase injection orifices 2,101 first

Hypomere pipe 220 liquid drain hole, 2102 first times round platform holes 22

3 connecting plate 4 annular space 5 atomized spray portions

52 second times, round platform hole round platform hole 520 diversion groove on 51 second

6 distribution plates

C mixed phase district, B liquid phase region, A gas phase zone

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the utility model, is not limited to the utility model.

In the utility model, when not doing contrary explanation, the noun of locality of use is as state when " upper and lower, left and right " normally normally use relative to gas-liquid distributor, and " inside and outside " refers to the interior and outer of corresponding component profile.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the utility model provides a kind of gas-liquid distributor, the down-comer 2 that this gas-liquid distributor comprises bubble cap 1 and is positioned at below this bubble cap 1, the hypomere pipe 22 that this down-comer 2 comprises epimere pipe 21 and is positioned at below epimere pipe 21, epimere pipe 21 is fixed with bubble cap 1, hypomere pipe 22 is for being installed to distribution plate 6, annular space 4 is formed between the inwall of bubble cap 1 and the outer wall of epimere pipe 21, wherein, gas-liquid distributor also comprises atomized spray portion 5, this atomized spray portion 5 is relative with hypomere pipe 22 and be communicated with, such as, atomized spray portion 5 can be installed to the bottom of distribution plate 6 by welding or being threaded, atomized spray portion 5 also can be connected on the hole wall of the perforate of connection beds on distribution plate 6 and down-comer 2, atomized spray portion 5 is formed after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and becomes large mixed phase injection orifice 50 gradually.

Therefore, by installing the atomized spray portion 5 that be also communicated with relative to hypomere pipe 22 in the bottom of distribution plate 6, like this, after gas-liquid two-phase flows through distribution plate 6 from down-comer 2, atomization and the distribution effects of gas-liquid two-phase can be strengthened by the atomized spray portion 5 being positioned at distribution plate 6 bottom, particularly, when gas-liquid two-phase becomes large mixed phase injection orifice 50 gradually after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually, because the cross-sectional area of circulation changes, therefore the flow velocity of gas-liquid two-phase can be promoted, and be fully atomized in the cavity that mixed phase sprays the bottom of orifice 50, spray to the beds top of bottom equably, therefore, contribute to improving catalyst utilization, reduce beds radial temperature difference, reduce reaction temperature, extension fixture duration of runs, improve the quality of products and product selectivity etc., in addition, it is simple that the gas-liquid distributor that the utility model provides also has structure, is easy to processing and manufacturing, the advantages such as cost of reducing investment outlay.

It should be noted that, the application of the gas-liquid distributor that the utility model provides not only is confined in fixed bed hydrogenation reactor, and can also be applicable to other gas-liquid two-phases and flow in dirty dynamic formula container needs to carry out mixing and assigned unit.

For strengthening atomizing effect, the dead in line of atomized spray portion 5 and hypomere pipe 22, bubble cap 1.

Orifice 50 is sprayed for convenience of processing mixed phase, and realize mixing and the dispersion effect of gas-liquid two-phase better, as shown in Figure 4, mixed phase spray orifice 50 comprise mutually docking second on round platform hole 51 and second time round platform hole 52, in other mode of texturing, mixed phase spray orifice 50 can also be mutually dock second on frustum hole and second time frustum hole.

For ease of playing the guiding role to the diffusion of multi-phase flow, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, on the hole wall in second time round platform hole 52, gap-forming has many diversion grooves 520, and the preferable shape of diversion groove 520 is the groove of vertical bar shaped, in other words, the U-shaped profile shape of diversion groove 520.Therefore, when multi-phase flow is after mixed phase to spray in the truncated cone cavity of orifice 50 bottom fully atomization, can the guiding of diversion groove 520 again on the hole wall in second time round platform hole 52, evenly spray to the catalytic bed top of bottom.

In order to realize the guide effect to multi-phase flow better, make to spray to the multi-phase flow that catalysis wears top to be more evenly distributed, many diversion grooves 520 extend along the generatrix direction in second time round platform hole 52, and many diversion grooves 520 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferencial direction in second time round platform hole 52.

As a kind of preferred embodiment, the ratio that mixed phase sprays the minimum-value aperture of orifice 50 and the internal diameter of down-comer 2 is 0.15-0.5, on second, the vertex of a cone angle in round platform hole 51 is 25 °-75 °, the cone base angle degree in second time round platform hole 52 is 25 °-75 °, the width of diversion groove 520 is 0.5-8mm, the degree of depth is 0.5-3mm, and the number of diversion groove 520 is 4-16.

Highlight the concrete structure in atomized spray portion 5 above, the concrete structure in gas injection portion 210 will have been introduced in detail below.

For increasing gas, the scope of application of liquid two-phase, make the gas-liquid distributor that the utility model provides, particularly, it is large that gas phase can be applicable to viscosity, the liquid medium of poor fluidity, liquid phase can be applicable to low gas phase load, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the inwall of epimere pipe 21 is also provided with gas injection portion 210, such as, gas injection portion 210 can with welding, the mode be threaded is connected on the inwall of epimere pipe 21, or gas injection portion 210 is integrally formed on the inwall of epimere pipe 21, this gas injection portion 210 is formed after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and becomes large gas-phase injection orifice 2100 gradually, hypomere pipe 22 is formed with liquid drain hole 220.

First, it should be noted that, gas phase zone A, liquid phase region B, mixed phase district C represents the region that only there is gas phase, liquid phase and gas-liquid two-phase respectively, in addition, will ensure that liquid drain hole 220 is arranged in liquid phase region B during use.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, the annular space 4 that first gas in the A of gas phase zone surround from bubble cap 1 and down-comer 2 enters and rises, until after flowing to the top of epimere pipe 21, turn back and enter the inside of epimere pipe 21, subsequently, gas sprays from the gas-phase injection orifice 2100 gas injection portion 210, enter in mixed phase district C, because gas is after spraying speed-raising, part static energy is converted into kinetic energy, the pressure causing the pressure of hypomere pipe 22 inside outside is low, liquid drain mouth 220 on hypomere pipe 22 is positioned at below the liquid level of liquid phase region B, the liquid of down-comer 2 outside, under the strong swabbing action that side pressure difference produces inside and outside hypomere pipe 22, the inside of hypomere pipe 22 is sucked up to through liquid drain mouth 220.The internal liquid of hypomere pipe 22 is rushed broken by gas at a high speed and mixes with it, forms mixed phase district C.

Gas in mixed phase district C, liquid two-phase are entering in above-mentioned atomized spray portion 5, mixed phase in atomized spray portion 5 sprays orifice 50 and promotes flow velocity, and be fully atomized in the truncated cone cavity that mixed phase sprays orifice 50 bottom, the guiding of the diversion groove 520 again on the hole wall in second time round platform hole 52, evenly sprays to the catalytic bed top of bottom.

For reinforced suction effect, the dead in line of gas injection portion 210 and hypomere pipe 22, bubble cap 1.

For convenience of processing gas-phase injection orifice 2100, and it is larger that gas is increased to by gas-phase injection orifice 2100 hourly velocity, gas-phase injection orifice 2100 comprise docking mutually first on round platform hole 2101 and first time round platform hole 2102.In other mode of texturing, gas-phase injection orifice 2100 can also comprise mutually docking first on frustum hole and first time frustum hole.

As a kind of preferred embodiment, the ratio of the minimum-value aperture of gas-phase injection orifice 2100 and the internal diameter of down-comer 2 is 0.15-0.5, and on first, the vertex of a cone angle in round platform hole 2011 is 25 °-75 °, and the cone base angle degree in first time round platform hole 2102 is 25 °-75 °.

For avoiding because on distribution plate 6, the liquid of liquid phase bottom lacks flowing, its Impurity deposition carried on distribution plate 6, and then causes gas-liquid distributor to block, and liquid drain hole 220 is arranged on the bottom of down-comer 2.Therefore, liquid on distribution plate 6 can be pumped to the inside of down-comer 2 because of down-comer 2 medial and lateral pressure reduction, thus ensure that the liquid on distribution plate 6 is in flow regime all the time, the long-play of gas-liquid distributor can be ensured, be suitable for the impure more or easy coking composition of liquid medium as the situation of coke powder, catalyst fines, metal machinery impurity etc.

For the effect of reinforced suction, liquid drain hole 220 is multiple, and multiple liquid drain hole 220 is along the circumferential interval setting of hypomere pipe 20.

Further, for reducing convective resistance, the inwall of each liquid drain hole 220 and hypomere pipe 20 is tangent.

Below preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described by reference to the accompanying drawings in detail; but; the utility model is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present utility model; can carry out multiple simple variant to the technical solution of the utility model, these simple variant all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.

It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the utility model illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.

In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present utility model, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present utility model, it should be considered as content disclosed in the utility model equally.

Claims (11)

1. a gas-liquid distributor, this gas-liquid distributor comprises bubble cap (1) and is positioned at the down-comer (2) of this bubble cap (1) below, this down-comer (2) comprises epimere pipe (21) and is positioned at the hypomere pipe (22) of epimere pipe (21) below, described epimere pipe (21) is fixed with described bubble cap (1), described hypomere pipe (22) is for being installed to distribution plate (6), annular space (4) is formed between the inwall of described bubble cap (1) and the outer wall of described epimere pipe (21), it is characterized in that, described gas-liquid distributor also comprises atomized spray portion (5), this atomized spray portion (5) is relative with described hypomere pipe (22) and be communicated with, and described atomized spray portion (5) is formed becomes large mixed phase gradually after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and spray orifice (50).

2. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mixed phase spray orifice (50) comprise docking mutually second on round platform hole (51) and second time round platform hole (52).

3. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, on the hole wall of described second time round platform hole (52), gap-forming has many diversion grooves (520).

4. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, many described diversion grooves (520) extend along the generatrix direction of described second time round platform hole (52), and many described diversion grooves (520) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferencial direction of described second time round platform hole (52).

5. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the ratio that described mixed phase sprays the minimum-value aperture of orifice (50) and the internal diameter of described down-comer (2) is 0.15-0.5, on described second, the vertex of a cone angle of round platform hole (51) is 25 °-75 °, the cone base angle degree of described second time round platform hole (52) is 25 °-75 °, the width of described diversion groove (520) is 0.5-8mm, the degree of depth is 0.5-3mm, and the number of described diversion groove (520) is 4-16.

6. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inwall of described epimere pipe (21) is also provided with gas injection portion (210), this gas injection portion (210) is formed after aperture first diminishes from top to bottom gradually and becomes large gas-phase injection orifice (2100) gradually, described hypomere pipe (22) is formed with liquid drain hole (220).

7. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described gas-phase injection orifice (2100) comprise mutually docking first on round platform hole (2101) and first time round platform hole (2102).

8. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the ratio of the minimum-value aperture of described gas-phase injection orifice (2100) and the internal diameter of described down-comer (2) is 0.15-0.5, on described first, the vertex of a cone angle of round platform hole (2011) is 25 °-75 °, and the cone base angle degree of described first time round platform hole (2102) is 25 °-75 °.

9. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described liquid drain hole (220) is arranged on the bottom of described down-comer (2).

10. gas-liquid distributor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described liquid drain hole (220) is for multiple, and multiple described liquid drain hole (220) is along the circumferential interval setting of described hypomere pipe (20).

11. gas-liquid distributors according to claim 10, is characterized in that, the inwall of each described liquid drain hole (220) and described hypomere pipe (20) is tangent.