CN217651152U - Combined gas-liquid distributor of high-efficient second grade annular venturi injection formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency two-stage annular venturi jet type combined gas-liquid distributor, which comprises an inverted cone solid upper body, an inverted cone hollow lower body with a round opening at the central position of the lower part, an outer sleeve with an upper opening and a lower opening, a descending extension pipe with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow circular ring plate with a central opening at the central position, a solid circular ring plate, an upper T-shaped connecting plate, a middle L-shaped connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and a gas-liquid distribution plate with a plurality of holes regularly distributed on the upper connecting plate; the utility model discloses when can thoroughly solve the inside coking of prior art gas-liquid distributor top bubble cap, the clearance is very difficult, the gas-liquid distributor does not have the high-efficient second grade annular venturi that sprays the combined gas-liquid distributor of formula of spraying of the great scheduling problem of liquid drop (liquid phase stream) and pressure drop under regional.

Description

Combined gas-liquid distributor of high-efficient second grade annular venturi injection formula

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry equipment, a combined gas-liquid distributor of high-efficient second grade annular venturi injection formula in hydrogenation ware for petroleum or coal tar refining is related to.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of global economy and the enhancement of environmental awareness, domestic environmental regulations become stricter and the requirement on clean fuel oil becomes higher and higher, petroleum refining and coal chemical enterprises have to improve the product quality of various oil products, and the oil product hydrogenation technology is one of the most effective methods for improving the oil product quality. The level of hydrogenation technology mainly depends on the pretreatment quality of hydrogenation raw oil, the performance of hydrogenation catalyst (protective agent) and the internal parts of hydrogenation reactor.

At present, in order to improve the quality of the hydrogenation reaction of fuel oil products, the reaction activity of the hydrogenation catalyst must be improved. However, with a highly active catalyst, once the gas phase flow has poor diffusivity to the liquid phase flow, a "local channeling" region appears in the catalyst bed, i.e., the liquid phase flow is relatively more in the local region right below the gas-liquid distributor, and the gas phase flow is relatively less due to its large resistance, which causes the problem of "local hydrogen deficiency". When the solubility of hydrogen in liquid phase flow is low and the hydrogen can not be contacted in hydrogenation reaction, the phenomenon of serious hydrogen deficiency can be caused, at the moment, local hot spots can appear in the area, and substances such as residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like in unsaturated hydrocarbon or heavy oil products can easily generate harmful reactions such as superposition, polycondensation, condensation and the like, so that carbon deposited on the surface of the catalyst loses activity, and the service life of the hydrogenation catalyst is shortened.

How to improve the quality of the hydrogenation reaction and extend the service life of the catalyst also depends to a large extent on the advancement and rationality of the components within the reactor. The gas-liquid distributor distributed on the upper part of each catalyst bed layer is the most critical part for ensuring the atomization effect of the gas-phase flow on the liquid-phase flow, and the distribution uniformity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow and the high dispersity of the liquid-phase flow must be ensured before the gas-liquid two-phase flow enters the catalyst bed layers. The higher the atomization degree of the liquid phase flow is, the smaller the diameter size of the fog drops is, the better the diffusivity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow is, the larger the specific surface area of the unit volume of the liquid is, the better the dissolving speed of the hydrogen into the liquid phase flow is and the solubility of the hydrogen is increased, the liquid phase flow can be uniformly sprayed on the catalyst bed layer, finally the occurrence of 'harmful reaction' is effectively avoided, and the method is very favorable for improving the hydrogenation reaction quality and prolonging the service life of the catalyst. At present, in hydraulic simulation analysis and hydraulic cold die tests of various commonly used gas-liquid distributors, the following problems can be found: 1) The diffusion and convection of the gas phase flow to the liquid phase flow are poor; 2) The dissolution rate of hydrogen into the liquid phase flow is not high; 3. the liquid phase flow is sprayed on the circular cross section of the reactor, the bias flow phenomenon is serious, and the effect of good effect on the matching of a novel hydrogenation catalyst is not good.

At present, various gas-liquid distributors have various structural forms along with the development of hydrogenation technologies at home and abroad. The existing various gas-liquid distributors can be divided into overflow type, suction type, injection type and combination type according to the liquid phase flow entering mode.

The following are several forms of the existing gas-liquid distributor at home and abroad:

(1) Suction-overflow type bubble cap combined gas-liquid distributor

Typical representatives of such gas-liquid distributors are those produced by Union Oil (Union Oil) and similar models, such as: three gas-liquid distributors disclosed in Chinese patents CN 201959779U, CN 200963585Y and CN 201959778U. Among the four gas-liquid distributors, the latter three are improved versions of the former, and only the long round hole on the bubble cap cylinder is changed into a spiral hole, or the top of the downcomer is changed into a sawtooth shape, and the gap shape of the lower flow crushing plate is different, so that the hydraulic characteristics of the existing pumping-overflow type bubble cap gas-liquid distributor are not fundamentally changed. From the results of the hydrodynamics simulation analysis and the hydraulics cold mould test, the common defects are that: 1) The long circular hole nozzles distributed on the bubble cap are prominent in locality, so that the suction performance in a local area close to the nozzles is strong, the diffusion effect is good, but the diffusion effect of gas phase flow far away from the long circular hole nozzles on liquid phase flow is poor, particularly when the gas-liquid volume is small or the viscosity and the surface tension of oil products are large, the atomization effect is poor, and a large amount of liquid drops with large sizes exist in the atomized gas-liquid two-phase flow; 2) The various-shaped gaps of the flow crushing plate at the bottom of the gas-liquid distributor are not ideal nozzles for the spraying principle, but are close to a shower nozzle. Therefore, the gas phase flow has poor diffusion uniformity to the liquid phase flow, and the gas and the liquid are separately sprayed, resulting in a severe drift phenomenon, that is, the shearing action of the gas phase flow to the liquid phase flow cannot be uniformly and sufficiently exerted, and the atomization integrity effect thereof is poor, resulting in a severe droplet (gutter) flow phenomenon at the lower part. Especially, when the gas-liquid volume ratio is low or the viscosity and surface tension of oil are high, a severe 'local axial channeling' phenomenon occurs in a catalyst bed layer right below a gas-liquid distributor, and the occurrence of the 'harmful reaction' can deteriorate the quality of the hydrogenation reaction and influence the service life of the catalyst. This is why the gas-liquid distributor of this type cannot be used for residual oil hydrogenation or coal tar hydrogenation; 3) Because the pumping quantities of the gas-liquid distributors are large, the gas-liquid distribution plate is required to be high in installation levelness, the distribution uniformity of a liquid phase flow falling from an inlet diffuser or a quenching tank (a cold hydrogen tank) is required to be high, otherwise, the difference of the pumping quantities of the gas-liquid distributors is very large, but the falling uniformity of the existing diffuser or quenching tank (the cold hydrogen tank) cannot meet the requirement; 4) The liquid phase flow sucking ring opening of the gas-liquid distributor sucks the liquid phase flow on the gas-liquid top (re) distribution plate cleanly, and solid impurities with different sizes contained in reaction materials are sucked into the catalyst bed layer at the lower layer, so that the liquid phase flow sucking ring opening is one of main factors for blocking the catalyst bed layer and is not beneficial to long-period operation of the reactor.

(2) Overflow-jet type bubble cap gas-liquid distributor

This type of gas-liquid distributor is an improvement of the suction-overflow type bubble cap gas-liquid distributor, such as: the three gas-liquid distributors disclosed in chinese patents CN 102451648A, CN 203389620U and CN 203944356U have the common feature that gas phase flow is sprayed from the upper bubble cap, conical nozzle, straight section spray pipe, etc., liquid phase flow enters through overflow round (long strip) hole or pipe end flat mouth, is atomized in the short diffusion section at the lower part, and finally is sprayed out through the gaps of the flow crushing plates of various shapes. From the results of the hydrodynamic simulation analysis and the hydraulic cold die test, the common defects are as follows: 1) Although the spraying effect of the gas phase flow nozzle is larger, the lengths of the diffusion sections arranged by the gas phase flow nozzle, the gas phase flow nozzle and the gas phase flow nozzle are small, so that the full diffusion effect cannot be achieved, namely, the primary atomization degree is low;

2) The secondary atomizing nozzles at the bottom are all in the form of flow crushing plates, although the shapes are different, the hydraulic characteristics of the flow crushing plates of the suction-overflow type bubble cap gas-liquid distributor are not changed fundamentally, and the defects are the same as the above; 3) The structure is complicated, and machining subassembly is many, and the cost is higher.

(3) Overflow-injection type gas-liquid distributor

The typical representative of the gas-liquid distributor is one of the most advanced HD overflow-injection type gas-liquid distributors developed by shell companies at present, and other various imitation products exist in China, such as: FRIPP overflow-jet type gas-liquid distributor developed by the research institute of petrochemical engineering and Chinese patent CN 203764228U disclose that the gas-liquid distributor belongs to an overflow-jet combined type gas-liquid distributor. The latter two are only to change the overflow round hole opened by the former down pipe into an overflow axial long round hole or change the overflow round hole into a small-diameter steel pipe. The common characteristics of the two are that when the gas phase flow in the downcomer is sprayed downwards, the liquid phase flow entering from a pipe wall round hole (slotted hole) in the middle of the downcomer is sucked and diffused by the gas phase flow, and primary atomization is completed at the annular nozzle at the bottom. From the results of the hydrodynamic simulation analysis and the hydraulic cold die test, they have the following common disadvantages: 1) The liquid film formed on the inner wall of the circular hole or overflow axial long circular hole descending tube has poor uniformity, and the circumferential jet drift phenomenon occurs; 2) Because only one atomization process is needed, the flow accuracy of the gas phase flow and the liquid phase flow is required to be high in process calculation, and the operation elasticity range of a production device is small and is generally within plus or minus 20 percent; 3) The bottom surface of a baffling circular plate positioned at the lower part of the annular nozzle is of a flat bottom or convex structure, the center of the circular plate has a dripping phenomenon, and when the volume ratio of gas to liquid is smaller or the viscosity of an oil product is higher, the dripping phenomenon is more serious, so that a part of liquid phase flow cannot be atomized by the annular atomizing nozzle; 4) When the diameter size of the round hole or the overflow axial long round hole is only about 4mm, the round hole or the overflow axial long round hole is easily blocked by impurities, so that the liquid phase flow distribution uniformity of each gas-liquid distributor has a difference problem.

(4) Overflow-secondary injection pipe type gas-liquid distributor

The overflow-injection pipe type and venturi tube type gas-liquid distributors disclosed in the Chinese patents 201220737754.1 and 201420495863 belong to an overflow-secondary injection combined gas-liquid distributor, and are characterized in that a first-stage complex venturi tube structure and a second-stage annular nozzle injection principle two-stage atomization principle are adopted. The purpose of adopting venturi tube for primary complex atomization is to obtain fine fogdrops and an annular liquid film with good uniformity for a secondary atomization annular nozzle, so that the annular nozzle can better perform an atomization effect. From the results of the hydromechanical simulation analysis and the hydraulic cold mould test, they also have some disadvantages: 1) The liquid at the circumferential edge of the horizontal baffling circular plate at the lower part of the annular nozzle has higher viscous traction force than the surface tension of the liquid per se with a steel plate material, so that the liquid flows to the center along the back surface of the horizontal baffling circular plate, thereby generating a continuous downward-flowing intermediate trickling flow at the center, and when the volume ratio of the gas to the liquid is lower or the viscosity of the liquid phase flow is higher, the flow rate of the intermediate trickling flow is higher, so that the problem of local channeling in the catalyst bed layer is more serious, although the channeling problem is much lighter than that of a suction-overflow combined bubble-cap type gas-liquid distributor, the average service life of the catalyst is influenced to a certain extent; 2) The diameter size of the overflow circular hole is only about 4mm, and the overflow circular hole is easily blocked by sundries, so that the liquid phase flow distribution uniformity of each gas-liquid distributor is different.

(5) High-efficiency suction-injection bubble cap type gas-liquid distributor

Chinese patent nos. 201620111265.3 and CN205462132U disclose "high efficiency suction-spray bubble type gas-liquid distributor". They belong to a suction-secondary injection combined gas-liquid distributor, which is characterized by adopting a two-stage atomization principle of an annular Venturi injection principle and a secondary annular nozzle injection principle. The primary atomization adopts a venturi tube for atomization, so that fine fog drops and an annular liquid film with good uniformity are obtained by a secondary atomization annular nozzle, and the annular nozzle can better perform an atomization effect. From the results of the hydromechanical simulation analysis and the hydraulic cold die test, they also have some disadvantages: 1) When the catalyst is applied to the hydrogenation process of heavy oil products (such as coal tar or residual oil), the cleaning is very difficult when the inside of a top bubble cap is coked; 2) No spray droplets (liquid phase stream) in the region directly below the gas-liquid distributor; 3) The bubble cap structure has a large pressure drop (generally around 5 kPa).

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a combined gas-liquid distributor of high-efficient second grade annular venturi injection formula, this distributor can effectively solve when the inside coking of current gas-liquid distributor top bubble cap, do not have injection liquid drop (liquid phase flow) and the great scheduling problem of pressure drop in the region under clearance difficulty, the gas-liquid distributor.

The utility model discloses a technical scheme do: the distributor comprises an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body, an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body with a circular opening at the central position of the lower part, an outer sleeve with an upper opening and a lower opening, a descending extension pipe with an upper opening and a lower opening, a hollow circular ring plate with a central opening at the central position, a solid circular ring plate, an upper T-shaped connecting plate, a middle L-shaped connecting plate, a lower connecting strip plate and a gas-liquid distribution plate with a plurality of openings regularly distributed on the lower connecting strip plate; the method is characterized in that: the lower part of the descending expansion pipe is arranged on the gas-liquid distribution plate through the opening of the distribution plate, and the upper part of the upper opening of the descending expansion pipe is provided with an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body and an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body; the upper inverted cone-shaped solid body and the lower inverted cone-shaped hollow body are connected at intervals by a plurality of upper T-shaped connecting plates which are uniformly distributed between the upper inverted cone-shaped solid body and the lower inverted cone-shaped hollow body, a first-stage Venturi ring-shaped nozzle is formed between the upper T-shaped connecting plates at a gap between the upper inverted cone-shaped solid body and the lower inverted cone-shaped hollow body, and the first-stage Venturi ring-shaped nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expanding pipe through a circular opening of the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body and an upper opening of the descending expanding pipe; the outer side of the upper part of the descending extension pipe is provided with an outer sleeve, the upper end of the outer sleeve supports an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body, a gap is reserved between the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body and the upper opening of the descending extension pipe, the lower end of the outer sleeve is connected to the outer side of the descending extension pipe at intervals through a plurality of middle L-shaped connecting plates which are uniformly distributed between the outer sleeve and the descending extension pipe, a hollow cylindrical channel is formed between the middle L-shaped connecting plates at intervals between the outer sleeve and the descending extension pipe, and the hollow cylindrical channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending extension pipe through the gap between the upper opening of the descending extension pipe and the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body and the upper opening of the descending extension pipe; the lower part of the lower opening of the descending expansion pipe is sequentially provided with a hollow circular ring plate and a solid circular ring plate at intervals, the hollow circular ring plate and the solid circular ring plate are connected to the outer side of the descending expansion pipe through lower connecting battens uniformly distributed between the hollow circular ring plate and the descending expansion pipe, gaps between the lower opening of the descending expansion pipe and the hollow circular ring plate and between the lower connecting battens form an upper second-stage Venturi ring nozzle and a lower second-stage Venturi ring nozzle, the upper second-stage Venturi ring nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe through the lower opening of the descending expansion pipe, and the lower second-stage Venturi ring nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe through the central opening of the hollow circular ring plate and the lower opening of the descending expansion pipe.

The utility model discloses when can thoroughly solve the inside coking of prior art gas-liquid distributor top bubble cap, the clearance is very difficult, the gas-liquid distributor does not have the high-efficient second grade annular venturi that sprays the combined gas-liquid distributor of formula of spraying of the great scheduling problem of liquid drop (liquid phase stream) and pressure drop under regional.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

(1) the exposed first-stage annular venturi nozzle solves the problem of difficult cleaning;

(2) the first-stage annular Venturi nozzle flows smoothly, and the pressure drop of the first-stage annular Venturi nozzle is reduced to below 2 kPa;

(3) the liquid phase flow passes through the primary venturi annular nozzle and the secondary venturi annular nozzle for two times of atomization, namely the atomization process of large liquid drop → small liquid drop → fine liquid drop, the diffusivity of the reaction flow is improved by about 24% compared with the existing gas-liquid distributor, and the hydrogen solubility in the fine fog drop is improved by about 18%;

(4) the problem that no liquid drop (liquid phase flow) is sprayed in an area right below a gas-liquid distributor is solved, the problem of local channeling of a catalyst bed is favorably solved, the problem of local hot spots caused by hydrogen deficiency in the hydrogenation reaction is solved, the occurrence of harmful reactions is avoided, the whole catalyst bed is in a real ideal spraying area state, the radial temperature difference of the catalyst bed is not more than 1 ℃, the hydrogenation reaction quality is greatly improved, and the service life of a hydrogenation catalyst is greatly prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper T-shaped connecting plate of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the middle L-shaped connecting plate of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower connecting lath of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body; 2-an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body; 21-circular port; 3-outer sleeve; 31-upper opening; 32-lower opening; 4-a descending extension tube; 41-upper opening; 42-lower port; 5-hollow circular ring plate; 51-central orifice; 6-solid circular ring plate; 7-upper T-shaped connecting plate; 71-straight side; 8-a middle L-shaped connecting plate; 81-upper straight side; 82-lower straight side; 9-lower connecting strip plate; 91-upper straight edge; 92-upper groove; 93-lower groove; 10-gas-liquid distribution plate; 101-opening a hole; 200-a first stage venturi ring nozzle; 201-high velocity gas phase flow; 202-annular relative negative pressure region; 300-a hollow cylindrical channel; 301-a low velocity liquid phase stream; 400-an upper second stage venturi ring nozzle; 401-high speed gas-liquid two-phase flow (liquid phase flow is fine fog drops); 402-an upper annular relative negative pressure region; 403-liquid phase stream (large droplets); 500-a lower second stage venturi annular nozzle; 501-high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow (liquid phase flow is fine fog drops); 502-upper annular relative negative pressure zone; 503-liquid phase stream (large droplets).

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a hollow lower part of the body 2 of the solid upper part of the body 1 of back taper, lower part central point put the hollow lower part of the body 2 of the back taper that is equipped with circular mouth 21, the outer tube 3 that is equipped with upper and lower opening 31, 32, the decline extension tube 4 that is equipped with upper and lower mouth 41, 42, central point put the hollow circular crown plate 5 that is equipped with central mouth 51, solid circular crown plate 6, upper portion T type connecting plate 7, middle part L type connecting plate 8, lower part connection slat 9 and the gas-liquid distribution dish board 10 of a plurality of trompils 101 that distributes on it according to the law. The lower part of the descending extension pipe 4 is arranged on the gas-liquid top distribution plate 10 through a plate dividing plate opening hole 101, and the upper part of the upper opening 41 is provided with an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body 1 and an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2. The inverted cone solid upper body 1 and the inverted cone hollow lower body 2 are connected at intervals by three upper T-shaped connecting plates 7 uniformly distributed between the upper T-shaped connecting plates, a first-stage Venturi annular nozzle 200 is formed between the upper T-shaped connecting plates 7 at a 3-5mm gap between the inverted cone solid upper body 1 and the inverted cone hollow lower body 2, and the nozzle 200 is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending extension pipe 4 through an inverted cone hollow lower body circular opening 21 and a descending extension pipe upper opening 41. The outer sleeve 3 is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the descending extension pipe 4, the upper end of the outer sleeve 3 supports the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2, a gap is reserved between the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2 and the upper opening 41 of the descending extension pipe, the lower end of the outer sleeve is connected to the outer side of the descending extension pipe 4 at intervals through three middle L-shaped connecting plates 8 uniformly distributed between the outer sleeve 3 and the descending extension pipe 4, a hollow cylindrical channel 300 is formed between the middle L-shaped connecting plates 8 at intervals between the outer sleeve 3 and the descending extension pipe 4, and the channel 300 is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending extension pipe 4 through the gap between the upper opening 41 of the descending extension pipe and the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2 and the upper opening 41 of the descending extension pipe. Descending extension pipe end opening 42 lower part is equipped with hollow circular ring board 5 and solid circular ring board 6 at the interval in proper order, hollow circular ring board 5 and solid circular ring board 6 are connected in descending extension pipe 4 outside through the equipartition lower part connection slat 9 between they and descending extension pipe 4, between the lower part connection slat 9 in descending extension pipe end opening 42 and hollow circular ring board 5 and solid circular ring board 6 the clearance form between form on, lower part second level venturi ring shape nozzle 400, 500, wherein: the gap between the lower opening 42 of the descending expansion pipe and the hollow circular ring plate 5 between the lower connecting lath 9 is 3-5mm; the gap between the lower connecting lath 9 between the lower mouth 42 of the descending expanding pipe and the solid circular ring plate 6 is 3-4mm. The upper second stage venturi ring nozzle 400 is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe 4 through the descending expansion pipe lower opening 42, and the lower second stage venturi ring nozzle 500 is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe 4 through the hollow circular ring plate central opening 51 and the descending expansion pipe lower opening 42.

The inverted cone-shaped solid upper body 1 is formed by stainless steel stamping forming or casting forming.

The inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2 is formed by punching a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1-3mm, and a circular opening 21 is arranged at the center of the lower part of the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body.

The outer sleeve 3 is directly cut and formed by a stainless steel seamless steel pipe with the diameter phi of 32-45 mm, the upper part is an upper opening 31, and the lower part is a lower opening 32.

The descending expansion pipe 4 is directly cut and formed by a stainless steel seamless steel pipe with the diameter phi of 18-32 mm, the upper part is an upper opening 41, and the lower part is a lower opening 42.

The hollow circular ring plate 5 is formed by punching or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-4mm, and a central opening 51 is arranged at the central position.

The solid circular ring plate 6 is formed by stamping or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-4 mm.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper T-shaped connecting plate 7 is formed by punching or cutting a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2-4mm, and straight edges 71 at two sides are respectively connected to the inner walls of the inverted cone-shaped solid upper body 1 and the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the middle L-shaped connecting plate 8 is formed by stamping or cutting a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2-3mm, and an upper straight edge 81 and a lower straight edge 82 thereof are respectively welded with the outer wall of the outer sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the descending extension pipe 4.

As shown in fig. 4, the lower connecting strip 9 is formed by stamping or cutting a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2-3mm, and is provided with an upper straight edge 91, an upper groove 92 and a lower groove 93, wherein: the upper straight edge 91 is welded on the outer wall of the descending expansion pipe 4; the upper groove 92 is welded on the outer edge of the hollow circular ring plate 5; the lower groove 93 is welded to the outer edge of the solid circular ring plate 6.

The utility model discloses a working process does: when the high-speed gas phase flow 201 of the first-stage Venturi annular nozzle 200 is sprayed, an annular relative negative pressure region 202 is generated, and the low-speed liquid phase flow 301 in the hollow cylindrical channel 300 is sucked into the high-speed gas phase flow and is cut into tiny droplets to finish primary atomization; the upper second-stage Venturi annular nozzle 400 generates a high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow (liquid phase flow is fine fog drops) 401, an upper annular relative negative pressure region 402 is generated during spraying, the negative pressure region sucks the liquid phase flow (large liquid drops) 403 on the upper surface of the hollow circular annular plate 5 into the high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the liquid phase flow is cut into fine fog drops to complete second atomization; the lower second-stage venturi annular nozzle 500 generates a high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow (liquid phase flow is fine mist droplets) 501, and when the high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow is sprayed, an upper annular relative negative pressure region 502 is generated, and the negative pressure region sucks the liquid phase flow (large liquid droplets) 503 on the upper surface of the solid circular annular plate 6 into the high-speed gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the liquid phase flow is cut into fine mist droplets to complete secondary atomization. Through more than two years of experiments, the radial maximum temperature difference (three-point measurement) of the catalyst bed layer which is actually applied to the hydrogenation of heavy oil products is less than 1 ℃, and the actual effect is particularly ideal.

Claims (10)

1. A high-efficient two-stage annular Venturi jet type combined gas-liquid distributor comprises an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body (1), an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2) with a circular opening (21) at the lower central position, an outer sleeve (3) with upper and lower openings, a descending extension pipe (4) with upper and lower openings (41, 42), a hollow circular ring plate (5) with a central opening (51) at the central position, a solid circular ring plate (6), an upper T-shaped connecting plate (7), a middle L-shaped connecting plate (8), a lower connecting plate (9) and a gas-liquid distribution plate (10) with a plurality of openings (101) regularly distributed on the lower connecting plate; the method is characterized in that: the lower part of the descending extension pipe (4) is arranged on a gas-liquid distribution plate (10) through a plate dividing plate opening (101), and the upper part of the upper opening (41) is provided with an inverted cone-shaped solid upper body (1) and an inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2); the inverted cone solid upper body (1) and the inverted cone hollow lower body (2) are connected at intervals through a plurality of upper T-shaped connecting plates (7) uniformly distributed between the inverted cone solid upper body and the inverted cone hollow lower body, a first-stage Venturi annular nozzle (200) is formed between the upper T-shaped connecting plates (7) at a gap between the inverted cone solid upper body (1) and the inverted cone hollow lower body (2), and the first-stage Venturi annular nozzle (200) is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe (4) through an inverted cone hollow lower body circular opening (21) and a descending expansion pipe upper opening (41); an outer sleeve (3) is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the descending extension pipe (4), the upper end of the outer sleeve (3) supports the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2), a gap is reserved between the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2) and the upper opening (41) of the descending extension pipe, the lower end of the outer sleeve (3) is connected to the outer side of the descending extension pipe (4) at intervals through a plurality of middle L-shaped connecting plates (8) uniformly distributed between the outer sleeve (3) and the descending extension pipe (4), a hollow cylindrical channel (300) is formed between the middle L-shaped connecting plates (8) at intervals between the outer sleeve (3) and the descending extension pipe (4), and the hollow cylindrical channel (300) is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending extension pipe (4) through the gap between the upper opening (41) of the descending extension pipe and the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2) and the upper opening (41) of the descending extension pipe; the lower part of the lower opening of the descending expansion pipe (4) is sequentially provided with a hollow circular ring plate (5) and a solid circular ring plate (6) at intervals, the hollow circular ring plate (5) and the solid circular ring plate (6) are connected to the outer side of the descending expansion pipe (4) through lower connecting strips (9) uniformly distributed between the hollow circular ring plate and the descending expansion pipe (4), gaps among the lower opening (42) of the descending expansion pipe, the hollow circular ring plate (5) and the solid circular ring plate (6) between the lower connecting strips (9) form upper and lower second-stage Venturi ring nozzles (400 and 500), the upper second-stage Venturi ring nozzle (400) is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe (4) through the lower opening (42) of the descending expansion pipe, and the lower second-stage Venturi ring nozzle (500) is communicated with the inner cavity of the descending expansion pipe (4) through the central opening (51) of the hollow circular ring plate and the lower opening (42) of the descending expansion pipe.

2. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the inverted cone-shaped solid upper body (1) is formed by stainless steel stamping forming or casting forming.

3. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2) is formed by punching a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 1-3mm, and a circular opening (21) is arranged at the center of the lower part of the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body.

4. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the outer sleeve (3) is directly cut and formed by a stainless steel seamless steel pipe with the diameter phi of 32-45 mm, the upper part is provided with an upper opening (31), and the lower part is provided with a lower opening (32).

5. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the descending expansion pipe (4) is directly cut and formed by a stainless steel seamless steel pipe with the diameter phi of 18-32 mm, the upper part is an upper opening (41), and the lower part is a lower opening (42).

6. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow circular ring plate (5) is formed by punching or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-4mm, and a central opening (51) is arranged at the central position.

7. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the solid circular ring plate (6) can be formed by punching or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-4 mm.

8. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the upper T-shaped connecting plate (7) is formed by punching or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-4mm, and straight edges (71) on two sides of the upper T-shaped connecting plate are respectively connected to the inner walls of the inverted cone-shaped solid upper body (1) and the inverted cone-shaped hollow lower body (2).

9. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: the middle L-shaped connecting plate (8) is formed by stamping or cutting a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2-3mm, and an upper straight edge (81) and a lower straight edge (82) of the middle L-shaped connecting plate are respectively welded with the outer wall of the outer sleeve (3) and the outer wall of the descending expansion pipe (4).

10. The efficient two-stage annular venturi jet combination type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, wherein: lower part connection slat (9) adopt 2-3mm thick stainless steel plate stamping forming or cutting shaping, are equipped with upper portion straight flange (91), upper portion recess (92) and lower part recess (93) on it, wherein: the upper straight edge (91) is welded on the outer wall of the descending expansion pipe (4); the upper groove (92) is welded on the outer edge of the hollow circular ring plate (5); the lower groove (93) is welded on the outer edge of the solid circular ring plate (6).

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