CN204992688U - Battery charging circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery charging circuit, the utility model discloses a battery charging circuit's the anodal of battery is connected with the emitting diode D6 negative pole, the anodal of emitting diode D6 is connected with current -limiting resistor R8's one end, current -limiting resistor R8's the other end and ground are connected, the negative pole and the ground of battery are connected, and when the battery was anti -inserted, D6's negative pole current potential was less than positive electrode potential, and emitting diode D6 switches on luminously to remind user's battery anti -inserted, thereby effectively solved the yi anti -inserted problem of end cell among the prior art.

Description

A battery charging circuit

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a battery charging circuit.

Background technique

With the popularization of terminal applications, the battery as the source of terminal power has attracted more and more attention. However, the current terminal does not have anti-insertion design, so users often think that the terminal is faulty when the battery is inserted backwards, which causes great troubles to users.

Contents of the invention

The utility model provides a battery charging circuit to solve the problem in the prior art that the terminal battery is easily inserted and reversed.

The utility model provides a battery charging circuit, comprising:

Connect the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light emitting diode _D6 , the positive pole of the light emitting diode _D6 is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor _R8 , and the other end of the current limiting resistor _R8 is connected to the ground;

The negative pole of the battery is connected to ground.

When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative pole of D ₆ is lower than the potential of the positive pole, and the light emitting diode D ₆ is turned on and emits light.

Preferably, the anode end of the light emitting diode D ₆ or the side of the current limiting resistor R ₈ connected to the ground is connected to the single-chip microcomputer;

When the battery is inserted reversely, the single-chip microcomputer detects the conduction current of the light-emitting diode D ₆ and triggers the buzzer to buzz.

Preferably, the positive end of the light emitting diode D ₆ or the side of the current limiting resistor R ₈ connected to the ground is connected to the collector of the optocoupler;

The emitter of the optocoupler is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor _R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor _R13 , the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor _R13 is connected to the ground, and the first voltage dividing resistor _R11 The other end is connected with the single-chip microcomputer;

The base of the optocoupler is connected to the positive pole of the charging power supply through the third voltage dividing resistor _R14 .

Preferably, the circuit further includes: a capacitor C3 and a regulator tube _{ZD2 ;}

_One end of the capacitor C3 and the positive pole _of the voltage regulator tube ZD2 are respectively connected to the ground, and one end of the capacitor C3 and the negative pole _of the voltage regulator tube _ZD2 is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor _R11 and the microcontroller.

Preferably, in the charging circuit, there are also: inductor L ₁ , capacitors C ₂ , E ₁ , and light emitting diode D ₅ ;

The positive end of the battery is also connected to the inductance L ₁ and one end of the capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ respectively, the other ends of the capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ are connected to one end of the light-emitting diode D ₅ , and the capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ The other end is also connected to the ground at the same time, and the other end of the light _- emitting diode D5 is connected to _one end of the inductor L1. When the charging current is too large instantaneously during the charging process, the light-emitting diode D5 turns _on and becomes bright.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

The utility model connects the positive pole of the battery with the negative pole of the light _- emitting diode D6, and connects the positive pole of the light _- emitting diode D6 with the current _- limiting resistor _R8 . When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative pole of D6 is lower than that of the positive pole. The light-emitting diode D6 is turned _on and emits light to remind the user that the battery is inserted backwards, thereby effectively solving the problem that the terminal battery is easy to be inserted backwards in the prior art.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the battery charging circuit of the embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to solve the problem that the terminal battery is easily inserted and reversed in the prior art, the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, by connecting the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light _- emitting diode D6, and connecting the positive pole of the light _- emitting diode D6 to the limit The current resistance R ₈ is connected, when the battery is reversed, the light-emitting diode D ₆ lights up to remind the user that the battery is reversed. Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, not to limit the utility model.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, see Fig. 1, including:

Connect the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light emitting diode _D6 , the positive pole of the light emitting diode _D6 is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor _R8 , and the other end of the current limiting resistor _R8 is connected to the ground;

When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative electrode of D6 is lower than the potential of the positive electrode, and the light-emitting diode D6 turns _on and emits light, that is, when the battery is inserted reversely, the current enters the light-emitting diode D6 from the ground through the current _- limiting resistor _R8 , the LED D6 _emits light.

The utility model connects the positive pole of the battery with the negative pole of the light-emitting diode D6, and connects the positive pole of the light _- emitting diode D6 with the current limiting resistor R8. When the battery is reversed, the current enters the light-emitting diode D from the ground through the current limiting resistor _R8 . _6. Trigger the light _- emitting diode D6 to emit light to remind the user that the battery is inserted backwards, thereby effectively solving the problem that the terminal battery is easy to be inserted backwards in the prior art.

The utility model also provides the following preferred embodiments, specifically, the positive end of the light emitting diode D ₆ , or the side of the current limiting resistor R ₈ connected to the ground, is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; At this time, the current enters the single-chip microcomputer from the ground through the current limiting resistor _R8 , or the current directly enters the single-chip microcomputer from the ground, and the buzzer is triggered to buzz.

That is, in the case of reverse insertion, the utility model, in addition to light emitting diode D ₆ to remind the user that the battery is reversed, also triggers the buzzer to buzz to simultaneously remind the user that the battery is reversed.

The connection relationship of the anti-insertion reverse circuit of the utility model will be introduced in detail below:

The positive end of the light emitting diode D6 or the side of the current limiting resistor _R8 connected to the ground is connected to the collector of the optocoupler _;

The collecting electrode of described optocoupler is connected with basic voltage (basic voltage is the applicable charging voltage of its charging circuit, the basic voltage of the utility model is 12V) by resistance _R14 ;

The emitter of the optocoupler is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor _R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor _R13 , the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor _R13 is connected to the ground, and the first voltage dividing resistor _R11 The other end is connected with the microcontroller. Through the above circuit, the function of anti-insertion prevention can be well played.

In order to ensure the stability of the charging current, the charging circuit of the utility model is also provided with: capacitor C ₃ and voltage regulator tube ZD ₂ ; specifically, the utility model connects one end of the capacitor C ₃ and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube ZD ₂ to the ground respectively. _One end of the capacitor C3 and the negative pole _of the regulator tube _ZD2 are respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the microcontroller, and the base of the optocoupler is connected to the positive pole of the charging power supply through the third voltage dividing resistor _R14 .

The capacitor C ₃ and the regulator tube ZD ₂ can effectively ensure the current stability of the anti-insertion reverse circuit, thereby improving the safety of the anti-insert reverse circuit.

The battery charging circuit of the embodiment of the utility model also includes a circuit that makes the charging voltage stable, specifically: the utility model connects the COM ₃ port with the PWM port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the frequency of the PWM port signal of the COM ₃ port, so that Transistor N3 realizes on _- off according to the control requirements, and then controls the on-off of the switch of triode P2, and finally controls the magnitude of the charging voltage. The above circuit can effectively ensure the stability of the charging voltage, thereby ensuring the stability of charging.

Inductance L ₁ and capacitance C ₂ , E ₁ , light-emitting diode D ₅ , and light-emitting diode D ₅ are provided in the charging circuit of the utility model. The inductance L ₁ and the capacitance C ₂ , E ₁ are used for The light _- emitting diode D5 is brightened to prevent the charging current from being too large transiently during the charging process, and when the charging current is too large transiently during the charging process.

Specifically, the utility model connects the positive end of the battery to the inductance L ₁ and one end of the capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ respectively, the other ends of the capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ are connected to one end of the light-emitting diode D ₅ , and the capacitor C _{2. The} other end of E1 is also connected to the ground at the same time, and the other end of the light _- emitting diode D5 is connected to _one end of the inductor L1. When the charging current is too large transiently during the charging process, the light-emitting diode D5 is turned _on Brighten.

It should be noted that the utility model can also set the above-mentioned inductance L ₁ and capacitors C ₂ and E ₁ for preventing the charging current from being too large transiently between the anti-backflow diodes D ₂ and D ₃ , as shown in Fig. 1 .

The utility model also includes: a discharge circuit for discharging;

The discharge circuit specifically includes: in the power supply system, if the 12V power suddenly disappears or is lower than the lower limit threshold, the microcontroller responds by setting the COM ₅ port high, and the battery starts to supply power to the control circuit through P ₅ , and D ₄ and D ₇ start To the role of anti-reflux.

The charging and discharging of the circuit described in the present invention and the anti-reverse insertion process will be explained in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 1:

(1) Charging process

This circuit is a charging and discharging circuit with 12V voltage. During the charging process, the starting point of energy is on the 16V power supply on the right side. If the battery voltage is lower than the design threshold, power supply is required.

A: The microcontroller collects the current battery voltage through the COM ₁ port. R ₁ and R ₅ are voltage divider resistors with an accuracy of 1%. R ₃ is a current limiting resistor to prevent the microcontroller from burning out. ZD ₁ and C ₁ play a protective role. The single-chip microcomputer collects the current voltage of the battery through this port, and responds;

B: If the battery voltage is lower than the threshold, the COM ₂ port will be set to a high level, and the relay K ₁ will be picked up by turning on the base current of N ₁ , and then the charging circuit will be turned on, thereby allowing the battery to charge, D ₁ It is a freewheeling diode, which acts as a protection relay;

C: The transient current may be too large during the charging process, and it is easy to damage the circuit components, so the COM ₃ port is introduced. This port is a PWM output port. By controlling the frequency of the base current of the N3 tube, the on _- off of the P2 tube is controlled. Frequency, thus controlling the charging voltage, adding inductance L ₁ in the charging circuit to prevent excessive charging current in the circuit, which plays a protective role, and D ₂ and D ₃ prevent backflow;

(2) Discharge process

In the power supply system, if the 12V power suddenly disappears or is lower than the lower limit threshold, the microcontroller responds and sets the COM ₅ port high, and the battery starts to supply power to the control circuit through P ₅ , and D ₄ and D ₇ play the role of preventing backflow.

(3) Anti-insertion protection

In the production process or maintenance process, the operator may not distinguish the positive and negative poles of the battery, and insert the battery upside down. If the battery is inserted upside down in this circuit, the D ₆ light-emitting diode will light up, and the optocoupler will work normally. , the COM ₄ port will collect a high level, and the single-chip microcomputer will open the buzzer channel after collecting the signal, and continue to alarm.

The utility model can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

The utility model realizes the charging and discharging and protection functions of the battery from the hardware circuit, and greatly improves the reliability of the system switching from the normal state to the power-down state. In addition, the utility model has slight heat generation during the charging process, small impact current, smooth charging, reliable discharging, and is safe and economical.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various improvements, additions and substitutions are possible, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments.

Claims (5)

1. a battery charger, is characterized in that, comprising:

The positive pole of battery and light-emitting diode D ₆negative pole connects, described light-emitting diode D ₆positive pole and current-limiting resistance R ₈one end connect, described current-limiting resistance R ₈the other end be connected to ground;

The negative pole of described battery is connected to ground.

2. charging circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described light-emitting diode D ₆positive terminal, or described current-limiting resistance R ₈be connected to the ground the side connect, be connected with single-chip microcomputer.

3. charging circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that,

Described light-emitting diode D ₆positive terminal or described current-limiting resistance R ₈be connected to the ground the side connect, be connected with the collector electrode of optocoupler;

The emitter of described optocoupler respectively with the first divider resistance R ₁₁with the second divider resistance R ₁₃one end connect, the second divider resistance R ₁₃the other end be connected to ground, the first divider resistance R ₁₁the other end be connected with described single-chip microcomputer;

The base stage of described optocoupler is by the 3rd divider resistance R ₁₄be connected with the positive pole of charge power supply.

4. charging circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: electric capacity C ₃with voltage-stabiliser tube ZD ₂;

Electric capacity C ₃with voltage-stabiliser tube ZD ₂one end of positive pole is connected to ground respectively, electric capacity C ₃the other end and voltage-stabiliser tube ZD ₂one end of negative pole, all with the first divider resistance R ₁₁the one end being connected with described single-chip microcomputer connects.

5. according to the charging circuit in claim 2-4 described in any one, it is characterized in that, be also provided with in charge circuit: inductance L ₁with electric capacity C ₂, E ₁, and light-emitting diode D ₅;

The positive terminal of described battery also respectively with inductance L ₁with electric capacity C ₂, E ₁one end connect, electric capacity C ₂, E ₁the other end all with light-emitting diode D ₅one end connect, and electric capacity C ₂, E ₁the other end be also connected to ground simultaneously, described light-emitting diode D ₅the other end and inductance L ₁one end connect.