CN204992688U - Battery charging circuit - Google Patents

Battery charging circuit Download PDF

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CN204992688U
CN204992688U CN201520674892.3U CN201520674892U CN204992688U CN 204992688 U CN204992688 U CN 204992688U CN 201520674892 U CN201520674892 U CN 201520674892U CN 204992688 U CN204992688 U CN 204992688U
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battery
emitting diode
light
ground
current
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周奉宝
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Qingdao Haier Technology Co Ltd
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Qingdao Haier Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery charging circuit, the utility model discloses a battery charging circuit's the anodal of battery is connected with the emitting diode D6 negative pole, the anodal of emitting diode D6 is connected with current -limiting resistor R8's one end, current -limiting resistor R8's the other end and ground are connected, the negative pole and the ground of battery are connected, and when the battery was anti -inserted, D6's negative pole current potential was less than positive electrode potential, and emitting diode D6 switches on luminously to remind user's battery anti -inserted, thereby effectively solved the yi anti -inserted problem of end cell among the prior art.

Description

一种电池充电电路A battery charging circuit

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及通信技术领域,特别是涉及一种电池充电电路。The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a battery charging circuit.

背景技术Background technique

随着终端应用的普及,作为终端动力之源的电池也越来越受到人们的关注。而目前的终端并没有进行防插反设计,所以经常会有使用者在将电池插反的情况下,而认为终端是故障,从而给用户造成很大的困扰。With the popularization of terminal applications, the battery as the source of terminal power has attracted more and more attention. However, the current terminal does not have anti-insertion design, so users often think that the terminal is faulty when the battery is inserted backwards, which causes great troubles to users.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型提供一种电池充电电路,以解决现有技术中终端电池易插反的的问题。The utility model provides a battery charging circuit to solve the problem in the prior art that the terminal battery is easily inserted and reversed.

本实用新型提供一种电池充电电路,包括:The utility model provides a battery charging circuit, comprising:

将电池的正极与发光二极管D6负极连接,所述发光二极管D6的正极与限流电阻R8的一端连接,所述限流电阻R8的另一端与地连接;Connect the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light emitting diode D6 , the positive pole of the light emitting diode D6 is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor R8 , and the other end of the current limiting resistor R8 is connected to the ground;

所述电池的负极与地连接。The negative pole of the battery is connected to ground.

当电池插反时,D6的负极电势低于正极电势,所述发光二极管D6导通发光。When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative pole of D 6 is lower than the potential of the positive pole, and the light emitting diode D 6 is turned on and emits light.

优选地,所述发光二极管D6的正极端或者所述限流电阻R8与地相连接的一侧,与单片机连接;Preferably, the anode end of the light emitting diode D 6 or the side of the current limiting resistor R 8 connected to the ground is connected to the single-chip microcomputer;

当电池插反时,所述单片机检测到所述发光二极管D6的导通电流,触发蜂鸣器进行蜂鸣。When the battery is inserted reversely, the single-chip microcomputer detects the conduction current of the light-emitting diode D 6 and triggers the buzzer to buzz.

优选地,所述发光二极管D6的正极端或者所述限流电阻R8与地相连接的一侧,与光耦的集电极连接;Preferably, the positive end of the light emitting diode D 6 or the side of the current limiting resistor R 8 connected to the ground is connected to the collector of the optocoupler;

所述光耦的发射极分别与第一分压电阻R11和第二分压电阻R13的一端连接,第二分压电阻R13的另一端与地连接,第一分压电阻R11的另一端与所述单片机连接;The emitter of the optocoupler is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R13 , the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R13 is connected to the ground, and the first voltage dividing resistor R11 The other end is connected with the single-chip microcomputer;

所述光耦的基极通过第三分压电阻R14与充电电源的正极相连接。The base of the optocoupler is connected to the positive pole of the charging power supply through the third voltage dividing resistor R14 .

优选地,该电路还包括:电容C3和稳压管ZD2Preferably, the circuit further includes: a capacitor C3 and a regulator tube ZD2 ;

电容C3和稳压管ZD2正极的一端分别与地连接,电容C3和稳压管ZD2负极的一端分别与第一分压电阻R11的一端以及单片机连接。 One end of the capacitor C3 and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube ZD2 are respectively connected to the ground, and one end of the capacitor C3 and the negative pole of the voltage regulator tube ZD2 is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the microcontroller.

优选地,在充电回路中还设有:电感L1和电容C2、E1,以及发光二极管D5Preferably, in the charging circuit, there are also: inductor L 1 , capacitors C 2 , E 1 , and light emitting diode D 5 ;

所述电池的正极端还分别与电感L1和电容C2、E1的一端连接,电容C2、E1的另一端均与发光二极管D5的一端连接,并且电容C2、E1的另一端还同时与地连接,所述发光二极管D5的另一端与电感L1的一端连接,当充电过程中充电电流瞬态过大时,所述发光二极管D5导通变亮。The positive end of the battery is also connected to the inductance L 1 and one end of the capacitors C 2 and E 1 respectively, the other ends of the capacitors C 2 and E 1 are connected to one end of the light-emitting diode D 5 , and the capacitors C 2 and E 1 The other end is also connected to the ground at the same time, and the other end of the light - emitting diode D5 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. When the charging current is too large instantaneously during the charging process, the light-emitting diode D5 turns on and becomes bright.

本实用新型有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

本实用新型通过将电池的正极与发光二极管D6负极连接,并将该发光二极管D6的正极与限流电阻R8连接,当电池插反时,D6的负极电势低于正极电势,所述发光二极管D6导通发光提醒使用者电池插反,从而有效解决了现有技术中终端电池易插反的的问题。The utility model connects the positive pole of the battery with the negative pole of the light - emitting diode D6, and connects the positive pole of the light - emitting diode D6 with the current - limiting resistor R8 . When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative pole of D6 is lower than that of the positive pole. The light-emitting diode D6 is turned on and emits light to remind the user that the battery is inserted backwards, thereby effectively solving the problem that the terminal battery is easy to be inserted backwards in the prior art.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型实施例的电池充电电路的连接示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the battery charging circuit of the embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为了解决现有技术中终端电池易插反的的问题,本实用新型提供了一种电池充电电路,通过将电池的正极与发光二极管D6负极连接,并将该发光二极管D6的正极与限流电阻R8连接,当电池插反时,发光二极管D6发光提醒使用者电池插反。以下结合附图以及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型,并不限定本实用新型。In order to solve the problem that the terminal battery is easily inserted and reversed in the prior art, the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, by connecting the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light - emitting diode D6, and connecting the positive pole of the light - emitting diode D6 to the limit The current resistance R 8 is connected, when the battery is reversed, the light-emitting diode D 6 lights up to remind the user that the battery is reversed. Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, not to limit the utility model.

本实用新型实施例提供了一种电池充电电路,参见图1,包括:The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, see Fig. 1, including:

将电池的正极与发光二极管D6负极连接,所述发光二极管D6的正极与限流电阻R8的一端连接,所述限流电阻R8的另一端与地连接;Connect the positive pole of the battery to the negative pole of the light emitting diode D6 , the positive pole of the light emitting diode D6 is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor R8 , and the other end of the current limiting resistor R8 is connected to the ground;

当电池插反时,D6的负极电势低于正极电势,所述发光二极管D6导通发光,即当电池插反时,电流从地经所述限流电阻R8进入所述发光二极管D6,所述发光二极管D6发光。When the battery is reversed, the potential of the negative electrode of D6 is lower than the potential of the positive electrode, and the light-emitting diode D6 turns on and emits light, that is, when the battery is inserted reversely, the current enters the light-emitting diode D6 from the ground through the current - limiting resistor R8 , the LED D6 emits light.

本实用新型通过将电池的正极与发光二极管D6负极连接,并将该发光二极管D6的正极与限流电阻R8连接,当电池插反时,电流从地经限流电阻R8进入发光二极管D6,触发发光二极管D6发光,以提醒使用者电池插反,从而有效解决了现有技术中终端电池易插反的的问题。The utility model connects the positive pole of the battery with the negative pole of the light-emitting diode D6, and connects the positive pole of the light - emitting diode D6 with the current limiting resistor R8. When the battery is reversed, the current enters the light-emitting diode D from the ground through the current limiting resistor R8 . 6. Trigger the light - emitting diode D6 to emit light to remind the user that the battery is inserted backwards, thereby effectively solving the problem that the terminal battery is easy to be inserted backwards in the prior art.

本实用新型还提供了以下优选的实施例,具体为,将所述发光二极管D6的正极端,或者所述限流电阻R8与地相连接的一侧,与单片机连接;当电池插反时,电流从地经所述限流电阻R8进入所述单片机,或者电流直接从地进入所述单片机,并触发蜂鸣器进行蜂鸣。The utility model also provides the following preferred embodiments, specifically, the positive end of the light emitting diode D 6 , or the side of the current limiting resistor R 8 connected to the ground, is connected to the single-chip microcomputer; At this time, the current enters the single-chip microcomputer from the ground through the current limiting resistor R8 , or the current directly enters the single-chip microcomputer from the ground, and the buzzer is triggered to buzz.

即,本实用新型在插反的情况下,除了由发光二极管D6进行发光提醒使用者电池插反的情况下,还通过触发蜂鸣器进行蜂鸣来同时提醒使用者电池插反。That is, in the case of reverse insertion, the utility model, in addition to light emitting diode D 6 to remind the user that the battery is reversed, also triggers the buzzer to buzz to simultaneously remind the user that the battery is reversed.

下面将详细介绍本实用新型防插反电路的连接关系:The connection relationship of the anti-insertion reverse circuit of the utility model will be introduced in detail below:

所述发光二极管D6的正极端或者所述限流电阻R8与地相连接的一侧,与光耦的集电极连接;The positive end of the light emitting diode D6 or the side of the current limiting resistor R8 connected to the ground is connected to the collector of the optocoupler ;

所述光耦的集电极通过电阻R14与基本电压(基本电压即其充电电路所适用的充电电压,本实用新型的基本电压为12V)连接;The collecting electrode of described optocoupler is connected with basic voltage (basic voltage is the applicable charging voltage of its charging circuit, the basic voltage of the utility model is 12V) by resistance R14 ;

所述光耦的发射极分别与第一分压电阻R11和第二分压电阻R13的一端连接,第二分压电阻R13的另一端与地连接,第一分压电阻R11的另一端与单片机连接。通过上述电路可以很好的起到防插反的作用。The emitter of the optocoupler is respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R13 , the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor R13 is connected to the ground, and the first voltage dividing resistor R11 The other end is connected with the microcontroller. Through the above circuit, the function of anti-insertion prevention can be well played.

为了保证充电电流的稳定性,本实用新型的充电电路还设有:电容C3和稳压管ZD2;具体的,本实用新型将电容C3和稳压管ZD2正极的一端分别与地连接,电容C3和稳压管ZD2负极的一端分别与第一分压电阻R11的一端以及单片机连接,光耦的基极通过第三分压电阻R14与充电电源的正极相连接。In order to ensure the stability of the charging current, the charging circuit of the utility model is also provided with: capacitor C 3 and voltage regulator tube ZD 2 ; specifically, the utility model connects one end of the capacitor C 3 and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube ZD 2 to the ground respectively. One end of the capacitor C3 and the negative pole of the regulator tube ZD2 are respectively connected to one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the microcontroller, and the base of the optocoupler is connected to the positive pole of the charging power supply through the third voltage dividing resistor R14 .

通过电容C3和稳压管ZD2能够有效保证防插反电路的电流稳定,从而提高了防插反电路的安全性。The capacitor C 3 and the regulator tube ZD 2 can effectively ensure the current stability of the anti-insertion reverse circuit, thereby improving the safety of the anti-insert reverse circuit.

本实用新型实施例的电池充电电路还包括使充电电压平稳的电路,具体的:本实用新型通过将COM3端口与单片机的PWM端口相连接,单片机控制COM3端口的PWM端口信号的频率,使三极管N3按控制要求实现通断,进而控制三极管P2的开关的通断,最终控制充电电压的大小。通过上述电路能够有效保证充电电压的平稳,进而保证了充电的稳定性。The battery charging circuit of the embodiment of the utility model also includes a circuit that makes the charging voltage stable, specifically: the utility model connects the COM 3 port with the PWM port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the frequency of the PWM port signal of the COM 3 port, so that Transistor N3 realizes on - off according to the control requirements, and then controls the on-off of the switch of triode P2, and finally controls the magnitude of the charging voltage. The above circuit can effectively ensure the stability of the charging voltage, thereby ensuring the stability of charging.

本实用新型在所述充电回路中设有的电感L1和电容C2、E1,以及发光二极管D5,以及发光二极管D5,所述电感L1和所述电容C2、E1用于在充电过程中防止充电电流瞬态过大,并在充电过程中充电电流瞬态过大时,所述发光二极管D5变亮。Inductance L 1 and capacitance C 2 , E 1 , light-emitting diode D 5 , and light-emitting diode D 5 are provided in the charging circuit of the utility model. The inductance L 1 and the capacitance C 2 , E 1 are used for The light - emitting diode D5 is brightened to prevent the charging current from being too large transiently during the charging process, and when the charging current is too large transiently during the charging process.

具体的,本实用新型将电池的正极端还分别与电感L1和电容C2、E1的一端连接,电容C2、E1的另一端均与发光二极管D5的一端连接,并且电容C2、E1的另一端还同时与地连接,所述发光二极管D5的另一端与电感L1的一端连接,当充电过程中充电电流瞬态过大时,所述发光二极管D5导通变亮。Specifically, the utility model connects the positive end of the battery to the inductance L 1 and one end of the capacitors C 2 and E 1 respectively, the other ends of the capacitors C 2 and E 1 are connected to one end of the light-emitting diode D 5 , and the capacitor C 2. The other end of E1 is also connected to the ground at the same time, and the other end of the light - emitting diode D5 is connected to one end of the inductor L1. When the charging current is too large transiently during the charging process, the light-emitting diode D5 is turned on Brighten.

需要说明的是,本实用新型还可将上述的防止充电电流瞬态过大的电感L1和电容C2、E1设置在防逆流二极管D2和D3之间,具体如图1所示。It should be noted that the utility model can also set the above-mentioned inductance L 1 and capacitors C 2 and E 1 for preventing the charging current from being too large transiently between the anti-backflow diodes D 2 and D 3 , as shown in Fig. 1 .

本实用新型还包括:用于放电的放电电路;The utility model also includes: a discharge circuit for discharging;

该放电电路具体包括:在供电系统中如果12V电突然消失或者低于下限阀值,单片机作出响应,把COM5口置高,电池开始通过P5向控制回路供电,且D4、D7起到了防逆流的作用。The discharge circuit specifically includes: in the power supply system, if the 12V power suddenly disappears or is lower than the lower limit threshold, the microcontroller responds by setting the COM 5 port high, and the battery starts to supply power to the control circuit through P 5 , and D 4 and D 7 start To the role of anti-reflux.

下面将结合图1对本实用新型所述的电路的充放电以及防反插过程进行详细的解释和说明:The charging and discharging of the circuit described in the present invention and the anti-reverse insertion process will be explained in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 1:

(1)充电过程(1) Charging process

该电路是12V电压的充放电电路,充电过程中,能源的起点在右侧的16V供电上,如果电池电压低于设计阀值,就需要供电。This circuit is a charging and discharging circuit with 12V voltage. During the charging process, the starting point of energy is on the 16V power supply on the right side. If the battery voltage is lower than the design threshold, power supply is required.

A:单片机通过COM1口采集当前电池的电压大小,R1、R5是分压电阻,精度为1%,R3是限流电阻,防止烧坏单片机,ZD1,C1起保护作用。单片机通过该口采集现在电池的电压,并作出反应;A: The microcontroller collects the current battery voltage through the COM 1 port. R 1 and R 5 are voltage divider resistors with an accuracy of 1%. R 3 is a current limiting resistor to prevent the microcontroller from burning out. ZD 1 and C 1 play a protective role. The single-chip microcomputer collects the current voltage of the battery through this port, and responds;

B:如果电池电压低于阀值,会置COM2口为高电平,通过导通N1的基极电流,让继电器K1吸合,然后导通充电回路,从而允许电池充电,D1是续流二极管,保护继电器作用;B: If the battery voltage is lower than the threshold, the COM 2 port will be set to a high level, and the relay K 1 will be picked up by turning on the base current of N 1 , and then the charging circuit will be turned on, thereby allowing the battery to charge, D 1 It is a freewheeling diode, which acts as a protection relay;

C:充电过程中可能瞬态电流过大,易冲坏电路元件,所以引入了COM3端口,该端口是个PWM输出端口,通过控制N3管的基极电流的频率从而控制P2管的通断频率,从而控制了充电电压的大小,在充电回路中增加了电感L1,防止电路中出现充电电流过大的现象,起到了保护作用,D2,D3起防止逆流作用;C: The transient current may be too large during the charging process, and it is easy to damage the circuit components, so the COM 3 port is introduced. This port is a PWM output port. By controlling the frequency of the base current of the N3 tube, the on - off of the P2 tube is controlled. Frequency, thus controlling the charging voltage, adding inductance L 1 in the charging circuit to prevent excessive charging current in the circuit, which plays a protective role, and D 2 and D 3 prevent backflow;

(2)放电过程(2) Discharge process

在供电系统中如果12V电突然消失或者低于下限阀值,单片机作出响应,把COM5口置高,电池开始通过P5向控制回路供电,D4、D7起到了防逆流的作用。In the power supply system, if the 12V power suddenly disappears or is lower than the lower limit threshold, the microcontroller responds and sets the COM 5 port high, and the battery starts to supply power to the control circuit through P 5 , and D 4 and D 7 play the role of preventing backflow.

(3)防插反保护(3) Anti-insertion protection

在生产过程或者维修过程中,操作人员可能未区分电池的正负极,把电池插反了,该电路如果电池插反了,D6发光二极管会亮,同时光耦正常工作,经过光耦后,COM4口会采集到一个高电平,单片机采集信号后会打开蜂鸣器通路,并持续报警。In the production process or maintenance process, the operator may not distinguish the positive and negative poles of the battery, and insert the battery upside down. If the battery is inserted upside down in this circuit, the D 6 light-emitting diode will light up, and the optocoupler will work normally. , the COM 4 port will collect a high level, and the single-chip microcomputer will open the buzzer channel after collecting the signal, and continue to alarm.

本实用新型可以至少可以达到以下的有益效果:The utility model can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

本实用新型从硬件电路上实现了电池的充放电和保护功能,大大的提高了系统由正常状态向掉电状态切换的可靠性。并且本实用新型的充电过程中发热轻微,冲击电流小,充电平滑,放电可靠且安全经济。The utility model realizes the charging and discharging and protection functions of the battery from the hardware circuit, and greatly improves the reliability of the system switching from the normal state to the power-down state. In addition, the utility model has slight heat generation during the charging process, small impact current, smooth charging, reliable discharging, and is safe and economical.

尽管为示例目的,已经公开了本实用新型的优选实施例,本领域的技术人员将意识到各种改进、增加和取代也是可能的,因此,本实用新型的范围应当不限于上述实施例。Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various improvements, additions and substitutions are possible, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments.

Claims (5)

1. a battery charger, is characterized in that, comprising:
The positive pole of battery and light-emitting diode D 6negative pole connects, described light-emitting diode D 6positive pole and current-limiting resistance R 8one end connect, described current-limiting resistance R 8the other end be connected to ground;
The negative pole of described battery is connected to ground.
2. charging circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described light-emitting diode D 6positive terminal, or described current-limiting resistance R 8be connected to the ground the side connect, be connected with single-chip microcomputer.
3. charging circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described light-emitting diode D 6positive terminal or described current-limiting resistance R 8be connected to the ground the side connect, be connected with the collector electrode of optocoupler;
The emitter of described optocoupler respectively with the first divider resistance R 11with the second divider resistance R 13one end connect, the second divider resistance R 13the other end be connected to ground, the first divider resistance R 11the other end be connected with described single-chip microcomputer;
The base stage of described optocoupler is by the 3rd divider resistance R 14be connected with the positive pole of charge power supply.
4. charging circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: electric capacity C 3with voltage-stabiliser tube ZD 2;
Electric capacity C 3with voltage-stabiliser tube ZD 2one end of positive pole is connected to ground respectively, electric capacity C 3the other end and voltage-stabiliser tube ZD 2one end of negative pole, all with the first divider resistance R 11the one end being connected with described single-chip microcomputer connects.
5. according to the charging circuit in claim 2-4 described in any one, it is characterized in that, be also provided with in charge circuit: inductance L 1with electric capacity C 2, E 1, and light-emitting diode D 5;
The positive terminal of described battery also respectively with inductance L 1with electric capacity C 2, E 1one end connect, electric capacity C 2, E 1the other end all with light-emitting diode D 5one end connect, and electric capacity C 2, E 1the other end be also connected to ground simultaneously, described light-emitting diode D 5the other end and inductance L 1one end connect.
CN201520674892.3U 2015-09-02 2015-09-02 Battery charging circuit Active CN204992688U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111416414A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-07-14 上海移远通信技术股份有限公司 Charging and discharging control system and charging and discharging control circuit of super capacitor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111416414A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-07-14 上海移远通信技术股份有限公司 Charging and discharging control system and charging and discharging control circuit of super capacitor
CN111416414B (en) * 2020-04-22 2021-09-21 上海移远通信技术股份有限公司 Charging and discharging control system and charging and discharging control circuit of super capacitor

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