CN204807795U - Stereomicroscope , three -dimensional buncher grid and video microscopic system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses recommend one kind stereomicroscope (10), have three -dimensional buncher grid (1), three -dimensional buncher grid (1) sets up and looks immediately between passageway (R, L) and principal goods mirror (2) first and second. Utilize (1) first and second optical axis of three -dimensional buncher grid (33R, 33L) and axial (A) can adjust in the interval (S) of decision stereomicroscope's (10) three -dimensional base -line parallelly. Three -dimensional buncher grid (1) has the first plane of reflection of partial transparent (11) and looks the preceding object of passageway (L) side immediately at the second and have second plane of reflection (12) in the first preceding object of passageway (R) the side of looking immediately. The part first plane of reflection of transparent (11) and/or second plane of reflection (12) can be moved in axial (A) to can realize the parallel regulation of squinting numerical value to the beam split of second light beam. The utility model discloses corresponding three -dimensional buncher grid (1) and one kind video microscopic system (100) have still been recommended.

Description

Stereo microscope, three-dimensional buncher grid and video microscopic system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of stereo microscope with three-dimensional buncher grid, described three-dimensional buncher grid is used for regulating the spacing of two optical axises of the stereo base determining stereo microscope, and the utility model also relates to a kind of corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid and the application in stereo microscope, a kind of video microscopic system and a kind of method showing elevation view picture.

Background technology

The basis of stereoscopy is that described visual angle is normally formed by the eye distance of observer from two visual angles to the observation of object.When two eye alignment point, in an angle (visual angle or focusing angle), the more contiguous eyes of this point, then this angle is larger for two axis oculi shapes.Be a total effect of solid (stereo-picture) by brain by the Images uniting that two eyes obtain on this basis.

Can be adaptive with object distance all the time by focusing angle when carrying out common observation, but this point is in technical equipment, such as impossible often on stereo microscope.In the stereo microscope of the telescoping tubes type of following composition graphs 1 description, the vertical optical axis depending on passage is extends parallel in the image-side of principal goods mirror all the time.The vertical axle depending on passage determined by design has a minimum spacing, can not lower than this minimum spacing.To the viewing angle that object is put with therefore focus on angle be that the spacing (being commonly referred to as stereo base or base length) stood depending on passage according to the Distance geometry between the object of focal length and object lens determines.

Particularly stereo base immobilize significantly increase enlargement factor and distance therefore between object and object lens is very little time, this point causes false observing effect sometimes.Observe from a distance object in this case, the focusing angle preset by stereo microscope when this distance is greater than the angle of brain expection.Therefore form causing the image too felt and looking.Otherwise at focusing unexpected hour of angle, concerning the image of object observed observer by planarization.

Special in video microscopic system, elevation view picture is such as at monitor or with optical projection system display within the system, will occur described effect.Observer is positioned at apart from display or the sizable distance in projecting plane in such systems.Therefore with similar without the situation of technical equipment to remote object observation, the brain of observer expects little focusing angle.But the focusing angle predetermined by stereo microscope is comparatively large, thus will observed object be caused to be undernatured state.

Therefore in video microscopic system, stereo base is particularly needed to be adjustable.And such as at the low object put of observation, such as, observe the low object put in narrow pipe, and/or carry out (contrary with above-mentioned principle) when relief effect is emphasized in observation at effects on surface and also need stereo base to be adjustable.

A kind of prism apparatus of the stereo base for adjusting stereo microscope is disclosed in DE1852999U1.This prism apparatus has two prisms pair.From initial position, depending on passage, stereo base is preset the corresponding vertical of this initial position stereo microscope, reduce stereo base by the axis adjustment right to one of them prism.But due to the refraction in each vertical prism facets of looking two inclinations in passage, will produce additional aberration due to scattering effect, described scattering effect particularly will produce adverse influence to picture quality on the object lens of highly finishing.Conform to the diameter of stereo channel in the device that the minimum stereo base that can realize in addition illustrates in the drawings.And utilize the reproduction of described video microscopic system to need the stereo base of several millimeters for realizing.

EP0072652B1 discloses a kind of microscopic system, and wherein stereo base not only also can change to negative direction to positive dirction from neutral position.But the device recommended in document increases the structure length of stereo microscope significantly.First this be serious unfavorable factor in enlargement factor hour with regard to vignetting effect.Because the quantity of optical surface is many, so by the high contrast loss of appearance and serious aberration effect.This device, owing to lacking machinery and optical interface, is not thus suitable for the stereo microscope commonly used.

Be conceived to these technical backgrounds and have necessity that stereo microscope stereo base variable adjustment scheme is improved in fact.

Utility model content

For this background provided in the independent claim, the utility model recommends a kind of stereo microscope with three-dimensional buncher grid, described three-dimensional buncher grid is used for regulating the spacing of the stereo base of the decision stereo microscope between two optical axises, and the utility model also recommends a kind of corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid and the application in stereo microscope, a kind of video microscopic system and a kind of method for showing elevation view picture.Decision design is the theme of dependent claims and following explanation.

Main aspect of the present utility model proposes a kind of device, and described device is by realizing the variable adjustment of the stereo base of stereo microscope to the adjustment of optical axis.In this application to this device referred to as " three-dimensional buncher grid ".The spacing of this optical axis determines stereo base, and described optical axis extends through common principal goods mirror and belongs to the vertical of stereo microscope respectively looks passage.Therefore below briefly with regard to the adjustment of " stereo base ", the adjustment of spacing between meaning the optical axis determining stereo base.Description part is below for three-dimensional buncher grid, and part is for the stereo microscope with three-dimensional buncher grid.But involved three-dimensional buncher grid is identical.

At least one is provided with by two vertical groups formed depending on passage in known stereo microscope.This group each vertical is attached to the eyes of observer respectively depending on passage or electronics founds the probe unit looking image unit.Mentioned optical axis lays respectively in observation optical path, and described observation optical path is determined by vertical passage of looking.Therefore every eyes of observer to be attached troops to a unit the optical axis had in observation optical path, or in other words, attach troops to a unit to have and vertically look passage.Therefore below with regard to optical axis, what relate to equally is the observation optical path that relevant optical axis extends through.

Optical axis can be deflected on the reflecting surface or by refraction part, and therefore stretches in a different direction by section.Described optical axis can have arbitrary angle mutually.This point equally also relates to observation optical path.

In the preferred telescoping tubes type stereo microscope of the utility model, two vertical optical axises depending on passage are at least extends parallel in partial sector.Therefore be attached to observer's eyes or electronics and stand that two of two probe units depending on image unit are vertical to be at least also parallel to each other depending on passage in partial sector.

In the literature, that such as delivers at K.-P. Zimmer that is entitled as " optical design of stereo microscope ", international light design meeting 1998, SPIE procceedings, volume 3482,690-697 page, 1998 and US6816321A in diversified description has been carried out to telescoping tubes type stereo microscope.In English, also the stereo microscope of this structure is called " CommonMainObjectiveMicroscopes " (sharing principal goods mirror microscope).This microscope also comprises principal goods mirror except the add-on module selected, described principal goods mirror is to the ad infinitum imaging of observed object, the parallel telescopic tube and two observation units that are arranged on image-side for two of changing enlargement factor, described observation unit comprises a cannula system, a deflection system and an eyepiece respectively, for eyes observation or for standing corresponding imaging on the probe unit looking image unit at electronics.Telescopic tube can be fixing enlargement factor can checker Galileo telescopic tube or as without burnt zoom system.According to prior art with the plane of symmetry of equipment for reference symmetry arranges two identical draw-tube systems, wherein object symmetry division is become right-hand part and left side by the plane of symmetry.And " asymmetrical " stereo microscope of telescoping tubes type as described below is also known.The spacing of telescopic tubular axis determines the stereo base repeatedly mentioned in this application.By the focal length divided by principal goods mirror, draw the radius of the incident aperture of the telescopic tube as corresponding microscopical digital aperture.

Because in the stereo microscope of telescoping tubes type, the optical device of two parallel telescopic tubes must have minimum diameter respectively, to provide sufficient digital aperture, described digital aperture mutually can not be overlapping, therefore its optical axis minimum spacing and therefore minimum stereo base is limited.If do not take the structural measure added, then attainable minimum stereo base conforms to the diameter of stereo channel.Realize to utilize described video microscopic system reproducing, and in order to avoid producing the effect of non-natural when enlargement factor is large, usually adopt the stereo base of several millimeters as mentioned above.

In this application, concept " stereo base " represents the spacing between two optical axises, and the focal length of the object side of the principal goods mirror of described spacing and stereo microscope determines an angle, and described angle means the visual angle of principal goods mirror to the object point of object.What describe at contrast Fig. 1 commonly uses in stereo microscope, and the constant spacing B between stereo base with two vertical optical axises depending on passage being attached to observer's eyes conforms to.When adopting three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model, variable adjustment can be carried out to this stereo base, being namely changed.The spacing of the optical axis of two stereo channels itself is identical.Only at these two axles of object side of three-dimensional buncher grid with the mutual spacing of skew, but abreast through principal goods mirror.

The direction that the optical centre through principal goods mirror stretches is meant in this application with regard to " axis ".Namely determined axially by principal goods mirror.The optical axis looking passage in known stereo microscope neutrality is parallel with this axis.Axially also be parallel to parallel light beam in the known stereo microscope had without burnt light path in the direction that principal goods mirror image-side stretches.In the stereo microscope commonly used, this axis conforms to vertical line." object side " and " image-side " states the direction or position that provide in stereo microscope.Observed object is object side before principal goods mirror all the time, and remaining device in the light path of stereo microscope and observer are sometimes positioned at image-side.

As mentioned above, " vertical depending on passage " of stereo microscope such as comprises the part of telescopic tube-and/or zoom system and observation unit if desired respectively.Vertical have two at least depending on passage and be attached to eyes of observer respectively or be attached to corresponding collecting mechanism (such as probe unit) when implementing in digit optical mode.Two the vertical usual structures of passage of looking being attached to observer's eyes or collecting mechanism are identical, but as described in DE102005040473B4, also can have the different optical device of its effective diameter.If the stereo microscope that many people observe jointly, also can be provided with this standing of many covers and look passage.

The advantage of utility model

Stereo microscope of the present utility model has with first of primary optic axis vertical depending on passage, vertically look passage with second of the second optical axis and determine axial common principal goods mirror, and described principal goods mirror is arranged on the first and second vertical object sides looking passage.First and second optical axises at least stand in depending on the section of the object side of passage first and second and are parallel to axis with the first mutual spacing.Vertical depending on being provided with three-dimensional buncher grid between passage and principal goods mirror first and second, utilize described three-dimensional buncher grid can by the first and second optical axises changeably and be parallel to axial adjustment in the second spacing of stereo base determining stereo microscope.

As mentioned above, described optical axis lays respectively in observation optical path, and described observation optical path is determined by vertical passage of looking in addition.And observation optical path is with vertical at least vertical depending on being parallel to axial stretching, extension with the distance determined by the first spacing in the section of the object side of passage first and second depending on passage.Adopt three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model by the first and second optical axises changeably and be parallel to axial adjustment to the second spacing of stereo base determining stereo microscope, also observation optical path can be made to be adjusted to distance variable accordingly by this three-dimensional buncher grid, described distance is determined by the second spacing of the stereo base determining stereo microscope.

The feature of three-dimensional buncher grid is, three-dimensional buncher grid first vertical depending on passage before object side there is the first transparent reflecting surface of a part and second vertical depending on passage before object side there is the second reflecting surface, wherein the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and the second reflecting surface are parallel to each other and favour axial setting.Adopt the light splitting of this mode first light beam along transparent the first reflecting surface of primary optic axis (with the light be also included within the first observation optical path thereupon) penetrating component and the three-dimensional buncher grid of zero deflection ground transmission.And it is deflected with on the second reflecting surface and with parallel skew from outgoing in three-dimensional buncher grid at the first reflecting surface of partially transparent along the light splitting of the second light beam of the second optical axis (i.e. the second observation optical path).

Three-dimensional buncher grid impels by the first and second optical axises being adjusted to the second spacing the change producing stereo base.Before carrying out adjustment by three-dimensional buncher pair spacing and after reconciling, optical axis in parallel to each other and be parallel to described axis simultaneously and stretch.This point is equally also applicable to observation optical path.Described spacing has other, and the spacing of the optical axis of its neutral body buncher grid image-side is referred to as " the first spacing " and is referred to as " the second spacing " in the spacing of three-dimensional buncher grid object side.With regard to " the second spacing ", wherein also can be interpreted as that spacing is zero clearly.The stereo base of three-dimensional buncher pair stereo microscope can be made to carry out variable adjustment according to the utility model, thus three-dimensional buncher grid can realize the adjustment to the spacing being different from zero all the time.

Corresponding vertical depending on passage before the setting of " object side " mean, corresponding device, here for the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and the second reflecting surface lay respectively at vertical on principal goods mirror direction looking on the extended line of the imagination of passage.

Transparent the first reflecting surface of the pick of first vertical look passage before object side, instead of second vertical look passage before object side, and the second reflecting surface second vertical look passage before object side, instead of first vertical look passage before object side.Namely this set comprises, and only the first reflecting surface of the partially transparent of three-dimensional buncher grid is accurately positioned at first and vertical looks object side before passage.This corresponding incident ray putting the first reflecting surface impelling penetrating component transparent principal goods mirror and first vertical depending on passage between keep not deflection state.And the light of the first reflecting surface not having penetrating component transparent is deflected on the first reflecting surface of partially transparent.

When from this stereo microscope of object unilateral observation, and when light injects three-dimensional buncher grid from object side, then the second reflecting surface is hit in the light splitting of deflected on the first reflecting surface of partially transparent light.This light deflects by the second reflecting surface again.Because two reflectings surface are parallel to each other, the direction of light after second time deflection again with incident direction, namely with axially conform to.

Such as with compared with the above mentioned device disclosed in EP0072652B1, the structure height of the three-dimensional buncher grid that the application recommends is approximately only the former half.This point, with regard to vignetting effect, is first highly profitable when enlargement factor is less.When this enlargement factor is less, the marginal ray of object passes principal goods mirror at the outward flange of the principal goods mirror of stereo microscope, thus produces thing field large as far as possible.But the spacing between the zoom system of principal goods mirror and image-side or sleeve pipe is larger, then this marginal ray will largely by trimming, this will cause the halation not wishing to occur.

Compared with prior art, a small amount of optical surface of the utility model can meet the demands, and described optical surface can not cause disadvantageous refraction effect (aberration) based on its useful design as reflecting surface.Wherein do not adopt the device of refraction.Be parallel to each other and favour axial setting respectively and only can realize skew parallel as mentioned above by very little cost.Due to the negligible amounts of optical surface compared with common setting, so the device that the utility model is recommended also has and less contrasts loss.Be completely parallel due to light path and have machinery and optical interface, be thus different from known device, three-dimensional buncher grid is applicable to telescopic tube system and the sleeve pipe of the stereo microscope commonly used.And do not need to adopt expensive lens combination.

In three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model, the adjustment of the parallel shift value of the light splitting to the second light beam can be realized as follows, move in the axial direction by the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface.

First from along the second optical axis be parallel to the light beam axially stretched, this light beam is deflected 90 ° respectively on first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface of partially transparent, and the section stood between two reflectings surface by light produces parallel skew.This point is equally also applicable to described optical axis and lays respectively at observation optical path in it.The component of the light of the first reflecting surface that the only transmissive portion penetrated by the object that is observed is transparent and the primary optic axis therefore determined do not deflect in three-dimensional buncher grid.And by observed object penetrate and the component of light deflected on first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface of partially transparent and the second optical axis of therefore determining will be deflected on three-dimensional buncher grid.Exactly, the second optical axis is bent by twice and thus makes the light of the second observation optical path by twice deflection.

As described in upper part, the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface are preferably minute surface and/or prism facets at least partly.The device of partially transparent is substantially known in this area.The mirror of partially transparent such as can be adopted in the utility model.Also the prism of partially transparent can be adopted in addition.Prism can realize accurate especially and therefore Installation And Calibration reliably based on its face determined and the angle that interfixes.

As the further instruction in reference Fig. 2 to 5, the first reflecting surface of partially transparent is a part for prism or prism mechanism.Its neutral body buncher grid such as has the optical splitter and a deflection piece that are made up of two prisms.The first reflecting surface that optical splitter component part is transparent, deflection piece forms the second reflecting surface.The device that these play optical effect is preferably only set, and additional lens, prism etc. need not be set.Through the light of optical splitter by the three-dimensional buncher grid of zero deflection ground transmission, namely there will not be any lateral deflection.Optical splitter is also hit deflection piece by the light reflected simultaneously, thus makes it occur parallel offset when passing three-dimensional buncher grid.The numerical value that this parallel offset changes with stereo base conforms to.The optical splitter (being also referred to as light splitting hexahedron) be wherein made up of two prisms will determine the structure height of three-dimensional buncher grid.Usually be arranged on less prism corresponding to this prism block second reflecting surface.Therefore the movement vertically of the second reflecting surface is useful especially, this is because of no need of the structure space added.And preferably also can carry out the movement of the first reflecting surface or the movement of the first and second reflectings surface.As described below, when two vertical optical device depending on passage directly stick together and therefore adopt common means can not realize reducing further of stereo base or only realize reducing further of stereo base in unsafty mode, three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model also can be adopted.

Carry out with regard to " adjustment " with regard to the numerical value of the light splitting parallel offset to the second light beam, this point mainly comprises the adjustment of producer and the adjustment of user.Such as at the good three-dimensional buncher grid of producer's secured adjusted, wherein can be fixed adjustment according to the parallel offset numerical value of the principal goods mirror of attaching troops to a unit to the light splitting of the second light beam with specific object lens magnification.This attaching troops to a unit has the principal goods mirror of three-dimensional buncher grid can be complete or provide together with fixing interconnective parts, thus makes user one side that the cost paid for calibration-and/or installation is reduced to minimum.Also the three-dimensional buncher grid regulated by user can be adopted, this is because this buncher grid has very large dirigibility according to the utility model.In corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid, producer also can to a device, the optical splitter such as with the first reflecting surface of partially transparent carries out the adjustment in initial calibration meaning, and to another device, such as, the deflection piece with the second reflecting surface is regulated by user.As mentioned above, this point can realize optical axis and is parallel to axial variable adjustment.

This stereo microscope preferably has manually and/or electro-mechanical adjustment mechanism, utilizes described governor motion can realize the first reflecting surface and/or the movement in the axial direction of the second reflecting surface of partially transparent.Electro-mechanical adjustment mechanism such as can have signal input part, and electro-mechanical adjustment mechanism can receive the signal of the control module from video microscopic system by this signal input part.Therefore can distance automatically regulate stereo base according to the observation.

As mentioned above, the stereo microscope being provided with corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid is preferably the stereo microscope of telescoping tubes type.Described stereo microscope has main lens and two and is arranged on (be namely arranged on the image-side of main lens) after main lens vertical and looks passage.Three-dimensional buncher grid be arranged on main lens and two vertically look between passage, to be such as rotated with or plug-in mounting enters, also will to be described below this.

In this stereo microscope, two vertical have an optical axis respectively depending on passage, and described optical axis determines observation optical path.Its neutral body buncher grid can realize twice deflection of one of them optical axis.Pass through adopted three-dimensional buncher grid can change by the pre-determined stereo base of the spacing of optical axis.In known stereo microscope, be provided with in the described scope of three-dimensional buncher grid, namely main lens and two vertical depending on passage between light path stretch without Jiao, namely two light beams are parallel to each other.Three-dimensional buncher grid can not impact the depth of parallelism of this light beam, this is because three-dimensional buncher grid preferably only has flat optical surface.

Stereo microscope useful especially has a three-dimensional buncher grid, wherein can by optical axis by 15 to 30mm, and particularly first spacing of 24mm adjusts to second spacing of 0 to 12mm.First spacing usually conforms to the vertical minimum spacing depending on the optical axis of passage existing in the general stereo microscope of telescoping tubes type and therefore conforms to the minimum spacing of observation optical path.

Relative to prior art, the three-dimensional buncher grid that the utility model is recommended can change stereo base and be reduced to zero or even negative value, also will be illustrated below this.When temporarily not need vertical look effect, be preferably adjusted to zero.Parallel offset when carrying out this adjustment in three-dimensional buncher grid conforms to depending on the spacing that passage is mutual with vertical.Three-dimensional buncher grid can realize the reduction of stereo base, and from the optical axis spacing that specialty is general, such as 24mm is reduced to the numerical value of such as 0 to 12mm, and therefore the intersection that wherein can realize optical axis also realizes the intersection of observation optical path, also will be described below this.Therefore the utility model is applicable to video microscopic system, can realize observing at a distance the observation of image on a monitor or image on the projection surface in this video microscopic system.The utility model is applicable to be compensated the impact of principal goods mirror focusing in addition.

This three-dimensional buncher grid can impel the intersection of generation first and second optical axis as mentioned above, thus this intersects in three-dimensional buncher grid and has an intersection point.This point is exactly at least this situation when the second spacing is non-vanishing.First reflecting surface of partially transparent and the second reflecting surface are preferably moveable in the axial direction for this reason, thus the first and second optical axises have an intersection point in three-dimensional buncher grid, thus the first and second light beams intersect in three-dimensional buncher grid.

In other words, primary optic axis extends through the telescopic tube system in left side in image-side, and the second optical axis extends through the telescopic tube system on right side in image-side.Therefore primary optic axis stretches on the left side of the second optical axis in the image-side of three-dimensional buncher grid.But when optical axis intersects in three-dimensional buncher grid, primary optic axis passes common principal goods mirror in the object side of three-dimensional buncher grid from the right of the second optical axis.In other words, the left eye of observer (or being arranged on the image unit in left side) is impelled by described intersection from right side through common principal goods mirror and from right side to observed object observation.The right eye of observer (or being arranged on the image unit on right side) based on described intersection from left side through common principal goods mirror and from left side to observed object observation.Such as also can be illustrated described intersection by following description, namely observation optical path (described optical axis is positioned at described observation optical path) intersects at three-dimensional buncher grid.

In other words, as follows this point can be illustrated independent of other side of the present utility model or be illustrated " intersection " feature of attainable optical axis together with this other side, from fixing direction of observation, primary optic axis is positioned at the right side of the intermediate shaft of image-side, second optical axis is positioned at the left side of the intermediate shaft of image-side, described intermediate shaft is in the middle stretching, extension of image-side between the first and second optical axises (and the middle stretching, extension therefore also between two observation optical paths) of three-dimensional buncher grid, with the direction of observation fixed from this, primary optic axis is positioned at the left side of the intermediate shaft of object side, second optical axis is positioned at the right side of the intermediate shaft of object side, described intermediate shaft is in the middle stretching, extension of object side between the first and second optical axises (and the middle stretching, extension therefore also between two observation optical paths) of three-dimensional buncher grid.

This point also can be expressed by following linguistic organization, and namely the first and second optical axises have an intersection point in three-dimensional buncher grid.The intersection point of optical axis is positioned at a scope, and within the scope of this, the first and second vertical light looking passage stretch, and are also positioned at a scope, and described scope is a part for two observation optical paths.Namely observation optical path intersects at corresponding intersection point.

This intersection will cause the negative relief effect produced.Therefore corresponding stereo microscope can be applicable to visual inspection conditionally.This is because user's expection will produce negative relief effect and regulate for this negative relief effect.Such as when checking material or effects on surface identifies, whether positive (naturally) be there will be to observer or negative (non-natural) relief effect is inessential.The relief effect negative to this digital compensation can be carried out in the video microscopic system that the utility model is recommended simultaneously.Special advantage of the present utility model is, even if when as shown in Figure 8 and below also by two that describe vertical look passage direct neighbor, also the variable adjustment to stereo base can be realized, the structure height of three-dimensional buncher grid is minimum simultaneously, and there will not be light loss maybe can not stand to any one the trimming looking passage or any one observation optical path.Therefore the utility model can realize according to the irrealizable advantage of the device of known prior art.Corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid has the least possible optical surface, and structure height is also minimum simultaneously, and thus can compensate the shortcoming of the imagination of the negative relief effect causing producing.

In described stereo microscope, described three-dimensional buncher grid best interchangeable ground plug-in mounting enters first and second vertically to be looked between passage and principal goods mirror.Therefore stereo microscope can adopt three-dimensional buncher grid respectively as required or not adopt three-dimensional buncher grid work.In corresponding stereo microscope, such as also can arrange or install the inserting apparatus for three-dimensional buncher grid, described inserting apparatus can realize the setting of different three-dimensional buncher grids, such as, to having fixing parallel offset function and/or having the setting of three-dimensional buncher grid of different adjustment scope.This inserting apparatus also may be used for the fixing of principal goods mirror and/or can realize the movement perpendicular to axial direction of principal goods mirror.As mentioned above, the three-dimensional buncher grid that the secured adjusted of the set of equipments with principal goods mirror is good is preferably provided as.Such as specific principal goods mirror can be arranged in the case on inserting apparatus and the three-dimensional buncher grid plug-in mounting of attaching troops to a unit is entered in this inserting apparatus.

The three-dimensional buncher grid that corresponding interchangeable is inserted such as also can have two fitting pieces, and described fitting piece is used for principal goods mirror on the one hand and is used on the other hand being connected with the interface of the object side of stereo microscope.The latter have corresponding and engagement members to part.Fitting piece can be such as that screw connects, dovetail connects and/or the parts of clamping.Described three-dimensional buncher grid can have corresponding calibration and centering machine in addition.Therefore the stereo microscope that corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid can have without burnt light path with all common observer sides at principal goods mirror is connected.Wherein also can adopt corresponding adapter.

Be combined with corresponding three-dimensional buncher grid, stereo microscope has special advantage, stands and look channel architecture difference in described stereo microscope as described in DE102005040473B4.This stereo microscope comprises two optical channels, and described optical channel has a draw-tube system respectively.At least one optical element of at least one draw-tube system has the effective diameter of larger optics compared with the corresponding optical element of another draw-tube system.This will cause the diameter of incident aperture larger.With regard to this device, what relate to is one or more lens or diaphragm.

Diameter due to incident aperture is asymmetrical, so user can obtain brightness difference, different two partial images different with the depth of field of resolution.Empirical tests, reach 50% luminance difference and details identification difference can not to convergence from two partial images to 3-D view produce adverse influence.And when larger digital aperture causes resolution to be improved and less aperture causes the depth of field larger, will the 3-D view of object be obtained.

Utilize the application of this physical phenomenon of the asymmetrical stereo microscope of three-dimensional buncher pair will have special advantage, add this is because can use the event of image that brain " expection " focusing angle observation have the resolution acquisition that the larger depth of field is also improved simultaneously.This will cause generating the high-resolution and image that accurately conforms to natural depth of field situation especially really.This point such as can also realize the simple of observed object and operation reliably.

Three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model is described in the description of the microscopical preferred implementation of solid above.This three-dimensional buncher grid for stereo microscope has the first reflecting surface and second reflecting surface of partially transparent.First reflecting surface of partially transparent and the second reflecting surface are parallel to each other and favour axial setting.First reflecting surface of partially transparent can be arranged on that stereo microscope first is vertical looks the object side before passage, and the second reflecting surface can be arranged on second of stereo microscope vertically looks the object side before passage.Therefore along primary optic axis by the first vertical light splitting looking the first light beam that passage stretches through the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and therefore whole three-dimensional buncher grid of zero deflection ground transmission.Deflected and with parallel skew from outgoing in three-dimensional buncher grid on the first and second reflectings surface by the second vertical light splitting looking the second light beam that passage stretches along the second optical axis.

As mentioned above, can be regulated as follows the parallel offset numerical value of the light splitting of the second light beam in three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model, move in the axial direction by the first reflecting surface of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface, thus realize regulating the parallel offset numerical value of the light splitting of the second light beam.

Video microscopic system of the present utility model has above-mentioned stereo microscope.This system also has digital image acquisition mechanism (image unit) in addition, utilizes the image of this image acquisition mechanism to the object by stereoscopic microscope observing to gather.Be provided with corresponding indication mechanism in addition, utilize described indication mechanism at least temporarily can carry out stereo display to the image gathered by stereo microscope.

All known devices are applicable to such as, as digital image acquisition mechanism, CCD, in two passages that described device is arranged on stereo microscope or corresponding interface end.The digital camera being specifically designed to the setting of stereomicroscopy technology is equally also known.Particularly 3D-monitor or optical projection system (Beamer).Be applicable to as indication mechanism.The 3D-monitor be suitable for such as has two image input, thus makes two vertical signals depending on the image acquisition mechanism of passage can directly be fed to corresponding monitor.Also can carry out passage reversion simultaneously, thus can compensate the effect sometimes existed (owing to have employed three-dimensional buncher grid, wherein optical axis intersects mutually as mentioned above).This kind of monitor and the control module being attached to it also can have external components, and described external components can by the Signal averaging of two image acquisition mechanisms together.Then the signal be superimposed accordingly is transferred to monitor.Such as realize the observation to respective image in known manner by polarising glass or shutter glasses.Preferably at least two projectors are adopted in employing is as the optical projection system of indication mechanism.Can in a manner known by itself, such as, adopt the display of fast gate technique, polarizing filter technology, auto-stereoscopic and/or the realization of interference filter technology to the display of respective image and observation.

As mentioned above, observer determines viewing angle to screen or to the distance of monitor or focuses on angle together with its interpupillary distance.The elevation view focusing on angle acquisition with " expection " similarly is true to nature, this is because it accurately can reproduce natural depth of field state.But usually focus on angle and natural state or devious in stereo microscope, this will cause very strong undue Deep Canvas to observer.Utilize three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model can be compensated this, thus make the focusing angle of stereo microscope accurately focus on angle adaptation with observation and thus produce best 3D-effect.

So video microscopic system is useful especially, described video microscopic system is used for carrying out adaptation according at least one viewing distance at least one stereo base by three-dimensional buncher grid and regulates, and wherein at least one observer observes from the image of described viewing distance at least temporary transient stereo display.Fully automatically can realize this point according to embodiment useful especially, particularly be realized by the corresponding control of the electro-mechanical adjustment mechanism of three-dimensional buncher grid.

Wherein particularly preferred full automatic video microscopic system has testing agency, for detecting at least one viewing distance.This testing agency such as can obtain the distance between shutter glasses and projecting plane.

When such as showing in the hall that has numerous observer, also can carry out adaptation according to the value obtained by least two viewing distances to the stereo base of at least one stereo microscope and regulating.Such as by the corresponding viewing distance obtained, weighting can be adopted if desired, produce mean value.Obtain stereo base thus, form natural stereoeffect when this stereo base to several observer and/or to specific observer.

Method of the present utility model comprises the method adopting video microscopic system described above to gather micro-image and show.Therefore refer to corresponding feature and advantage.

Compared with prior art visually the utility model is illustrated with reference to the embodiment shown in figure and contrasts accompanying drawing and be described in detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the telescoping tubes type stereo microscope can installing three-dimensional buncher grid;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation with the telescoping tubes type stereo microscope of three-dimensional buncher grid according to embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation with the telescoping tubes type stereo microscope of three-dimensional buncher grid according to embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is in the structural representation of the three-dimensional buncher grid according to embodiment of the present utility model of three kinds of adjustment state;

Fig. 5 is the local practical structures view of the three-dimensional buncher grid according to embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is the local practical structures view of the stereo microscope according to embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is the video microscopic system schematic diagram according to embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 8 is the advantage figuratively bright figure according to the three-dimensional buncher grid of embodiment of the present utility model.

Identical parts are indicated in the accompanying drawings with identical Reference numeral.Avoid and repeat.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is the optical texture schematic diagram of the telescoping tubes type stereo microscope can installing three-dimensional buncher grid.

Stereo microscope has principal goods mirror 2.Observed object O is arranged in the object plane 21 of principal goods mirror 2, and object plane 21 conforms to its front focal plane.The point F of object O is positioned at before the principal goods mirror 2 of stereo microscope on axial A.Axial A is determined by principal goods mirror 2.User of service gathers with the corresponding stereo-picture of eyes 52 couples of object O.Wherein eyes 52 are positioned at the image-side of principal goods mirror 2, and object O is positioned at the object side of principal goods mirror 2.

To be illustrated the microscopical structural order of solid from principal goods mirror 2 to user direction below.Stereo microscope shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,3 is symmetrical structure, and this shows, described stereo microscope has identical vertical of two symmetrical structures and looks passage L, R.Therefore only depending on passage L, Reference numeral being illustrated below is indicated to the vertical of left side in FIG.The vertical of right side conforms to above-mentioned " first is vertical depending on passage " depending on passage R, and the vertical of left side conforms to above-mentioned " second is vertical depending on passage " depending on passage L.But the utility model is also applicable to the mutually different stereo microscope of the vertical one or more device architectures looking passage L, R of two as disclosed in DE102005040473B4.

Two after principal goods mirror 2 vertical is respectively arranged with a telescopic tube system 3 depending on passage L, R.Two vertical telescopic tube systems 2 depending on passage L, R are arranged on the image-side of principal goods mirror symmetrically.Telescopic tube system 3 for as disclose in US6816321A without burnt zoom system.

In telescopic tube system 3, be provided with diaphragm 31, described diaphragm 31 can be such as iris.The diameter of described diaphragm 31 is adjustable.The diameter 32 of the incident aperture of described diaphragm 31 pairs of telescopic tube systems 3 limits, and described telescopic tube system 3 can be selected to be changed according to Focussing and diaphragm respectively.

Described telescopic tube system 3 defines an optical axis 33 respectively.Described optical axis 33 passes principal goods mirror 2 with mutual spacing B.The spacing B of optical axis 33 determines stereo base.

Optical axis 33 has respectively observation unit 4 be arranged on after telescopic tube system 3, it is symmetrical that described observation unit 4 corresponds to principal goods mirror A equally.Part telescopic tube system 3 and observation unit 4 are arranged in a housing, and described principal goods mirror 2 can be screwed on this housing and/or utilize the accommodating mechanism of dovetail groove to be installed on housing.

Observation unit 4 comprises sleeve lens 41, and described sleeve lens 41 generate intermediate image 42.The reverse system 43 for image flame detection is provided with below at sleeve lens 41.Eyepiece 51 is connected respectively in the observer side of observation unit 4.Structural design is carried out to sleeve lens 41, makes the light beam be parallel to each other focus on 1 42a in the plane of intermediate image 42.The front focus that described some 42a is positioned at eyepiece 51 infinitely extends through eyepiece 51, thus naked eyes 52 can be observed it.

Stereo microscope shown in figure also may be used for carrying out digit optical collection to object O, and wherein the device of observation unit 4 is arranged in corresponding digit optical collecting unit or saves the device of observation unit 4 at least partially at least partially.In digit optical collecting mechanism, such as there is no need for the reverse system 43 of image flame detection.

Also can in known manner by other assembly, such as supplementary lens, optical filter, polarizer, rectification lighting unit or optical splitter system that is incident for light and outgoing are arranged on light path.

The optical texture of stereo microscope is shown visually with the marginal ray 61 in light path in the drawings, and described light path extends in the example in the figures from the some F on object O.The marginal ray 61 of light path indicates two light cones 6 of stereo microscope employing.Be limited by diameter 32 pairs of light cones 62 of incident aperture, described diameter can be determined by iris 31.

Because object O is arranged on object plane 21, stretch so be parallel to each other in the main lens of marginal ray 61 in shown afocal system 2 and telescopic tube system.And between telescopic tube system 3 and observation unit 4 described marginal ray extends parallel again, the space therefore after telescopic tube system 3 is useful to arranging the annex selected.In this application by " without the burnt section " of corresponding section unification referred to as light path.

Also illustrate in addition in Fig. 1 that every eyes 52 are to the visual angle w of the some F on object O and the focusing angle 2w that conformed to by the stereo base that optical axis spacing B and the spacing between main lens 2 with object plane 21 are determined.Otherwise the focal length F of main lens 2 _objdetermine again described spacing, thus increase equally along with the increase angle w of main lens 2 enlargement factor, this is because this main lens 2 must approach object O therefore.Its formula is w=arctan (B/2F _obj).As mentioned above, when significantly increasing enlargement factor, this point will cause factitious visual effect.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the optical texture of thimble tube stereo microscope, and described stereo microscope is equipped with a three-dimensional buncher grid 1.The aperture diaphragm 31 be under the very large situation of aperture shown in Figure 2, but described aperture diaphragm is bounced back to a great extent in practice, to improve the depth of field of system.Stereo microscope has the collecting unit 6 of digit optical shown in figure 2, the observation unit 4 of the stereo microscope shown in described digit optical collecting unit 6 substitutes in FIG at least partly.

There are three deflection pieces 13,14,15 as prism structure, the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 12 that described deflection piece 13,14,15 deciding section is transparent in the example that three-dimensional buncher grid 1 is shown in the figure.Deflection piece 13,14,15 forms optical splitter jointly, wherein the first reflecting surface 11 partially transparent.Second reflecting surface 12 of deflection piece 15 is completely reflective or reflect completely.

Face 11,12 described in stereo microscope shown in the figure and axial A, and be 45 ° with the angle of the optical axis of each telescopic tube system 3.Described face 11,12 lays respectively to stand with 45° angle to be looked in passage L, R, wherein the first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent is arranged on that (first) on right side is vertical to be looked in passage R, and the second reflecting surface 12 is arranged on that (second) in left side is vertical to be looked in passage L.But also directly three-dimensional buncher grid 1 can be set left and right sides reversedly.

Shown in the figure to arrange, optical axis that (second) on the left of this vertical to be indicated depending on passage L 33L and accordingly at the light beam with marginal ray 61L of this position extends parallel at the first reflecting surface 11 of this partially transparent with deflect 90 ° respectively on the second reflecting surface 12.The light beam deflected between two faces should be made at this to be parallel to the optical axis of a planar extension through telescopic tube system 3 to the setting of reflecting surface 11,12.By (second) in the left side vertical deflection of optical axis 33L on the first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent looking passage L, to look passage R crossing by vertical with (first) on right side on intersection point X for this optical axis 33L.Therefore the relief effect born will be caused.

Part deflection and part that first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent realizes incident light are propagated.In fig. 2 with optical axis 33L and 33R for benchmark illustrates a kind of selection scheme respectively.And light in (second) stereo channel L in left side and optical axis 33L or first reflecting surface 11 transparent with corresponding marginal ray 61L appropriate section penetrating component.Light in right side (first) stereo channel R and optical axis 33R or correspondingly with corresponding marginal ray 61R to be partially reflected on the first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent.But the light splitting of the light in (first) stereo channel R on right side penetrates whole three-dimensional buncher grid 1 with having no deflection, therefore the light splitting of the light in (second) stereo channel L in left side is also realized respective parallel skew by secondary reflection.Therefore optical axis 33R and 33L is impelled with the spacing reduced through main lens 2.This puts and conforms to the change of stereo base or adjustment.

The optical axis 33L beam section of the first reflecting surface 11 upper deflecting of partially transparent (and) of stereo channel L and R on left side and right side and 33R (and beam section of transparent the first reflecting surface 11 of penetrating component) is both between three-dimensional buncher grid 1 and telescopic tube system 3, stretch abreast between three-dimensional buncher grid 1 and main lens 2 again, certainly with mutually different spacing.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, stereo base is tapered to interval S from spacing B by this point effectively.

For ease of again emphasizing the understanding of the title adopted in the application, mean the spacing between optical axis in this concept " stereo base ", (front) focal length of the object side of described stereo base and principal goods mirror 2 determines that the point on object observes angle w (see Fig. 1).When adopting three-dimensional buncher grid 1 according to the utility model, stereo base conforms to the spacing of optical axis 33R and the 33L of the object side of three-dimensional buncher grid 1.When not adopting three-dimensional buncher grid 1, the spacing of the optical axis B in the remainder of stereo microscope conforms to stereo base.

Three-dimensional buncher grid 1 has governor motion 17 in addition, and described governor motion 17 schematically illustrates in the drawings.Utilize this governor motion 17 can manually or motor drive, such as adopt stepper motor deflection piece 15 is moved in the direction of the arrow.This point can realize the adjustment to stereo base as shown in Figure 4.

Also illustrate in addition in above-mentioned figure, the optical device of two telescopic tube systems 3 in two stereo channels L, R sticks together or only has minimum mutual spacing necessary in structure.When optical axis 33L and 33R does not intersect at focus X-ray (and therefore can not cause producing disadvantageous relief effect due to the vertical intersection depending on passage and observation optical path), only use the reduction that two optical surfaces (in this case the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 12 of partially transparent) can not realize stereo base.Also this point is clearly shown that in fig. 8.In this case, such as the second reflecting surface 12 of prism 13 must be moved beyond the upper edge (namely on the direction of telescopic tube system 3) of the optical splitter be made up of prism 13 and 14.But this means, if desired all on the second reflecting surface 12 by the light reflected no longer hit partially transparent the first reflecting surface 11 and therefore lose fall.First reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent itself can not correspondingly increase, this is because otherwise it will protrude into first vertical depending on therefore impelling equally and produce corresponding fiber-loss in passage.

And be appreciated that also can realize nothing when the spacing of the image-side of two stereo channel 33L and 33R is sufficient stands the setting looking channels intersect.

Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart at the stereo microscope above shown in Fig. 2, but wherein principal goods mirror 2 is arranged on the position of the skew of three-dimensional buncher grid 1.Identical with the content that professional finds out in fig. 2, because principal goods mirror 2 is that non-concentric is arranged, asymmetrical refraction effect (aberration) and other shortcoming as described below will be caused.This shortcoming can be overcome by the skew of principal goods mirror 2 shown in figure 3.The position of principal goods mirror 2 also can be adjustable, thus can realize transmission concentric as far as possible all the time.

The mid point of principal goods mirror 2 is indicated in figs 2 and 3 with M.Deflection piece 15 is positioned at centre position.Optical axis 33L is in figs 2 and 3 parallel offsets corresponding numerical value to the right.Optical axis 33R extends through the mid point of principal goods mirror 2 in fig. 2, thus makes optical axis 33L with arctan(S × F _obj) angle stretch between principal goods mirror 2 and object.As shown in Figure 2, stand and look passage R perpendicular to object O, described standing is drawn with described angle depending on passage R.This point will cause feeling the pattern distortion or inclination looked sometimes.Arranging in figure 3, described angle is respectively arctan (S/2F on the contrary _obj), conform to from the vertical some F (with the angle w shown in Fig. 1) obtained object O depending on passage L, R with described angle.

The panel A of Fig. 4 is according to the three-dimensional buncher grid 1 of the particularly preferred embodiment of the present utility model structure principle chart when three positions to C.The critical piece of three-dimensional buncher grid 1 conforms to shown in 3 with Fig. 2, therefore does not repeat them here.

Adopt the adjustment of three-dimensional buncher grid 1 pair of stereo base, described stereo base determines the spacing of optical axis, is indicated in figure with S to the spacing of described optical axis.As above as described in composition graphs 2 and 3, corresponding governor motion 17 also can be adopted to move the second deflection piece 15 at this.

Position second deflection piece 15 shown in component 4A is positioned at the adjustment upper limit.As shown in the figure, therefore stereo base S can be reduced to 0.Wherein the vertical passage 33L that looks of (second) in left side is by parallel offset, itself and (first) on right side is stood look passage 33R overlapping.This point can realize the observation to corresponding object, but can not produce and vertical look effect.The stereo base S of object sides different shown in component 4B and C, described stereo base S are by being placed in middle or upper/lower positions to the adjustment of deflection piece 15.

The local practical structures of the three-dimensional buncher grid 1 according to embodiment of the present utility model shown in Figure 5.Three-dimensional buncher grid 1 has above-mentioned parts.Three-dimensional buncher grid 1 is arranged in housing 16, analyses and observe in the drawings illustrate described housing 16.Described three-dimensional buncher grid 1 is arranged between principal goods mirror 2 and telescopic tube or sleeve (such as in the corresponding housing of stereo microscope), has fitting piece 18 and holding firmware 18a if desired.Adjusting mechanism 17 in this case knurled wheel, described knurled wheel is by pitch worm (not shown) and utilize drive link 17a to move prism table 17b.Described deflection piece 15 is arranged on prism table 17b.This is provided with corresponding correcting mechanism 19, for calibrating deflection piece 13,14.

Fig. 6 illustrates a kind of stereo microscope 10, and described stereo microscope 10 has three-dimensional buncher grid 1 for known features is also additional.In figs 2 and 3 the optical texture of stereo microscope 10 is schematically illustrated.Draw-tube cover system 3 is arranged in housing 30 in the drawings, and described housing 30 has adjusting knob 34 for focus adjustment and other adjusting mechanism.Principal goods mirror 2 is arranged on objective holder 20, and described objective holder 20 is arranged on the fitting piece 18 of three-dimensional buncher grid 1.Can also see housing 16 and the governor motion 17 of three-dimensional buncher grid 1 from the outside in addition, described three-dimensional buncher grid 1 is fixed between telescopic tube system 3 and objective holder 20.Stereo microscope 10 has digit optical collecting unit 6.Stereo microscope 10 also has support 70 in addition, and utilizes the thick and smart actuator with driving button 71 to carry out height control along the track 72 on support 70.Support 70 also has substrate 73 in addition, and described substrate effects on surface 73a is determined, described surperficial 73a is provided with object O.Substrate 73 can also have other mechanism, such as cross table and/or transillumination mechanism.

Schematically illustrate the video microscopic system according to embodiment of the present utility model in the figure 7.Video microscopic system 100 comprises the stereo microscope 10 with the three-dimensional buncher grid 1 repeatedly described above.Control module 101 is connected with the digit optical collecting unit 6 of stereo microscope 10, and described control module 101 is for processing and for exporting corresponding signal to 3D-projector equipment 82 image gathered.Control module 101 also can be a part for the digit optical collecting unit 6 of stereo microscope 10.

3D-projector equipment 82 comprises two projectors, described projector such as successively rapid translating by the image projection that gathers in stereo microscope left perspective passage L and in perspective right passage R in screen 83.Also corresponding monitor can be set, substitute 3D-projector equipment 82 and screen 83.The display of image need not with the form of rapid translating, such as, utilize fast gate technique to be realized, and exactly such as utilizes the display of polarizing filter technology, auto-stereoscopic and/or interference filter technology also can show corresponding image.

Two observers 9 shown in Fig. 7 in addition, described observer 9 is observed the image of display in screen 83 by different viewing distance D and D '.Observer 9 is respectively with corresponding glasses 102, and such as shutter glasses, described shutter glasses can realize the observation to the image be presented in screen 83.

Video microscopic system 100 also can comprise a kind of device 103, and described device is used for viewing distance D, D to one or several observer 9 ' detect.This point such as can utilize the corresponding method of telemetering, such as, realized based on laser interferometry.Utilize control module 101 corresponding signal can be exported to three-dimensional buncher grid 1, so that such as according to one or more viewing distance D, D of detecting ' three-dimensional buncher grid 1 is regulated.

The advantage of three-dimensional buncher grid of the present utility model is shown in fig. 8 again visually.Title in figure conforms to Fig. 2 with direction.Two vertical stretches depending on the image-side direct neighbor of passage at the three-dimensional buncher grid 1 (not having special title at this) be made up of the first reflecting surface 11 and second reflecting surface 12 of partially transparent.

The effect when the second reflecting surface 12 produces when (see the setting shown in Fig. 2, i.e. the direction of unshowned telescopic tube system 3 in detail in this figure) is mobile upward is figuratively understood from left to right in Fig. 8 A is capable.Dividing on the left of Fig. 8 A is capable illustrates the zero-based adjustment of stereo base.Point the illustrating the second reflecting surface 12 and be moved upward of Fig. 8 A interline.Because two vertical passage direct neighbors of looking of the image-side at the three-dimensional buncher grid 1 be made up of the first reflecting surface 11 and second reflecting surface 12 of partially transparent stretch, in the space of this first reflecting surface 11 not having augmenting portion transparent all the time or the second reflecting surface 12, this is because otherwise the first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent or the second reflecting surface 12 will protrude into another vertical looks passage L, in R.Therefore this certainly will cause the light loss as shown in Fig. 8 hacures.Shown in component on the right side of as capable in Fig. 8 A, the second reflecting surface 12 more moves up, then this effect is stronger.

What as above emphasize is such, but provides when abundant position can move accordingly in existence.A kind of fixing three-dimensional buncher grid not having adjustment possibility shown in DD248890A1, wherein can corresponding change stereo base.

The effect produced when the second reflecting surface 12 moves is shown from left to right visually downwards in Fig. 8 B is capable.As seen from the figure, mutually intersect depending on passage L and R although vertical here, but along with from for zero stereo base (Fig. 8 B capable in the component in left side) increase to the second reflecting surface 12 (Fig. 8 B capable in the middle of and the component on right side) movement, can't shadow effect be produced.

When regulating accordingly, can form three-dimensional buncher grid 1 with the least possible optical surface the first reflecting surface 11 and the second reflecting surface 12 of partially transparent (namely only), described three-dimensional buncher grid 1 also has minimum structure height in addition.The latter is only determined by the size of necessity of the first reflecting surface 11 of partially transparent and therefore can be limited in minimum value.Therefore produce vignetting effect hardly, and do not need to increase viewing distance, or almost can not increase viewing distance.Only to need (with the partially transparent) device reflected, and do not need the optical device that reflects.

Particularly be in conjunction with its special advantage of video microscopic system, this can by passage reversion to corresponding cause negative vertically to compensate depending on effect.

Claims (13)

1. a stereo microscope (10), comprise and there is first of primary optic axis (33R) vertical look passage (R), there is the second vertical common principal goods mirror (2) looked passage (L) and determine axis of the second optical axis (33L), described principal goods mirror (2) is arranged on first and second and vertical looks passage (R, L) object side, wherein the first and second optical axis (33R, 33L) at least vertical look passage (R first and second, the section of object side L) stretches with mutual first spacing (B) abreast with axial (A), wherein stand first and second and look passage (R, L) and between principal goods mirror (2) three-dimensional buncher grid (1) is provided with, utilize this three-dimensional buncher grid (1) by the first and second optical axis (33R, 33L) being parallel to axis (A) can be adjusted on the baseline (S) of the stereo base second determining stereo microscope (10), it is characterized in that, described three-dimensional buncher grid (1) vertical have first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent depending on passage (R) front object side first and vertically has the second reflecting surface (12) depending on passage (L) front object side second, wherein partially transparent the first reflecting surface (11) and second reflection face (12) in parallel to each other and favour axis (A) arrange, thus make the light splitting of the first light beam along transparent the first reflecting surface (11) of primary optic axis (33R) penetrating component and the three-dimensional buncher grid (1) of zero deflection ground transmission, and the light splitting of the second light beam along the second optical axis (33L) partially transparent the first reflecting surface (11) with at the second reflecting surface (12) upper deflecting and from three-dimensional buncher grid (1) with parallel skew outgoing, and first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface (12) can be upper mobile in axis (A), thus the adjustment of the light splitting parallel offset numerical value to the second light beam can be realized.

2. stereo microscope according to claim 1 (10), wherein first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface (12) can be upper mobile in axis (A), make the first and second optical axises (33R, 33L) have intersection point (X) in three-dimensional buncher grid (1), thus the first and second light beams are mutually intersected in three-dimensional buncher grid (1).

3. stereo microscope according to claim 2 (10), described stereo microscope (10) has manually and/or electro-mechanical adjustment mechanism (17), utilize this governor motion (17) can respectively to first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface (12) upper mobile in axis (A).

4. the stereo microscope (10) according to any one of the claims, wherein first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface (12) are minute surface and/or prism facets structure respectively at least partly.

5. the stereo microscope (10) according to any one of the claims, the stereo microscope (10) that described stereo microscope (10) is telescoping tubes type also has a light path, and described light path at least stretches without burnt at principal goods mirror (2) and the first and second vertical looking between passage (R, L).

6. the stereo microscope (10) according to any one of the claims, wherein first vertical at least one optical device (31) depending on passage (R) has and is different from the second vertical optical effect diameter looking the corresponding optical device (31) of passage (L).

7. the stereo microscope according to any one of the claims, wherein the first spacing (B) is 15 to 30mm, particularly 24mm, and/or the second spacing (S) is 0 to 12mm.

8. the stereo microscope (10) according to any one of the claims, is inserted into its neutral body buncher grid (1) interchangeable first and second and vertical looks between passage (R, L) and principal goods mirror (2).

9. stereo microscope according to claim 8, its neutral body buncher grid (1) has the accommodating mechanism (18) for principal goods mirror (2), and described accommodating mechanism (18) is particularly moveable.

10. a three-dimensional buncher grid (1), described three-dimensional buncher grid (1) is gone up for the stereo microscope (10) be arranged on according to any one of the claims and is had the first reflecting surface (11) and second reflecting surface (12) of partially transparent, wherein first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and the second reflecting surface (12) are in parallel to each other and favour a direction and arrange, described direction is parallel to the axis (A) determined by stereo microscope principal goods mirror (2), wherein first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent is arranged on first and vertical be arranged on second depending on passage (R) front object side and the second reflecting surface (12) and vertically look passage (L) front object side, thus make along primary optic axis (33R) by transparent the first reflecting surface (11) of the light splitting penetrating component of the first vertical the first light beam stretched depending on passage (R) and the three-dimensional buncher grid (1) of zero deflection ground transmission, and along the second optical axis (33L) by the light splitting of the second vertical the second light beam stretched depending on passage (L) at the first reflecting surface (11) with upper deflected and with parallel skew outgoing in three-dimensional buncher grid (1) at the second reflecting surface (12), and wherein first reflecting surface (11) of partially transparent and/or the second reflecting surface (12) can be upper mobile in axis (A), thus the adjustment of the parallel offset numerical value of the light splitting to the second light beam can be realized.

11. 1 kinds of video microscopic systems (100), there is the stereo microscope (10) according to any one of claim 2 to 9, digital image acquisition mechanism (6) and indication mechanism (8), utilize described digital image acquisition mechanism (6) can gather the image of the object (O) observed with stereo microscope (10), and utilize indication mechanism (8) at least can the image that gathers of instantaneous stereo display.

12. video microscopic systems according to claim 11 (100), described video microscopic system (100) is for by making the stereo base of stereo microscope (10) adaptive according at least one viewing distance (D) to the adjustment of three-dimensional buncher grid (1), at least one observer (9) is observed from the described image of viewing distance (D) at least instantaneous stereo display.

13. according to claim 11 to the video microscopic system (100) according to any one of 12, and wherein indication mechanism (8) comprises at least one 3D-monitor (81) and/or at least one 3D-projector equipment (82).