CN2047785U - Slip-controlled ac ergometer - Google Patents
Slip-controlled ac ergometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN2047785U CN2047785U CN 89202914 CN89202914U CN2047785U CN 2047785 U CN2047785 U CN 2047785U CN 89202914 CN89202914 CN 89202914 CN 89202914 U CN89202914 U CN 89202914U CN 2047785 U CN2047785 U CN 2047785U
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- diesel engine
- dynamometer
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a slip-controlled AC ergometer which belongs to diesel experimental test equipment and provides diesel with continuously adjustable load and converts mechanical energy exported by the diesel to electrical energy to load the electric network, and which is composed of electromagnetic slip clutch and three-phase asynchronous motor. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, electrical energy and water energy saving, and good social and economical benefit. In addition, the ergometer reduces labour intensity (no hand cranking is needed) and improves the automatic procedure of the test equipment.
Description
The utility model belongs to diesel engine test equipment.Relate generally to a kind of electric A.C. dynamometer, in process of the test, it can provide continuously adjustable load to diesel engine, and the mechanical energy of diesel engine output is become electric energy sends into electrical network.
Using more dynamometer machine at present is hydraulic dynamometer and electric eddy current dynamometer.Hydraulic dynamometer is to utilize the frictional resistance of water as load, and the thermal energy consumption that the mechanical energy of diesel engine output is become water is fallen; Electric eddy current dynamometer is to utilize electromagnetic resistance that current vortex produces as load, and the mechanical energy of diesel engine output is become the heat energy of eddy current ring, and by chilled water this energy consumption is fallen.Two kinds of common shortcomings of dynamometer machine are to reclaim the energy of engine, and it is more serious to waste water.Another deficiency is that two kinds of dynamometer machines all can not start or cold breaking in by the towing astern diesel engine.
Austria's Liszt's Internal Combustion Engine institute (AVL) has been developed the AC frequency conversion dynamometer machine, and this machine can become the mechanical energy of engine electric energy and send into electrical network, and the control accuracy height, and is multiple functional.But this machine complex structure costs an arm and a leg, and electrical network is had certain pollution.
Laiyang, Shandong engine factory has used a kind of gear reduction ac dynamometer, and this machine is made up of gear reduction box and swing type asynchronous machine, and it is lower to have price, can reclaim advantages such as engine power.But the shortcoming that this machine causes is load can not regulate, and can only test an operating point of diesel engine, and the load instability, changes along with the fluctuation of electrical network.Above-mentioned shortcoming makes this dynamometer machine can't satisfy the requirement of diesel engine test.
Not only big energy wasted when the purpose of this utility model was to change the test of present diesel engine, but also wanted the present situation of a large amount of water wastings.Draw and a kind ofly can recycle the diesel engine energy, can make load adjustable continuously again, satisfy diesel engine testing requirements, cheap electric dynamometer really.
The utility model has constituted a kind of dynamometer machine that is applicable to the diesel engine test with the combination of electromagnetic slip clutches and threephase asynchronous.It utilizes the load that is used as tested diesel engine to the asynchronous machine of grid generation, utilizes the exciting current of regulating speed differential clutch to regulate this load.
The utility model has mainly used following two characteristics:
1. one timing of the speed discrepancy between electromagnetic slip clutches input shaft and output shaft, the moment of torsion of this clutch transmits depends on the size of the exciting current that feeds its field coil, the moment of torsion of the big more transmission of electric current is big more, otherwise then little.Do not feed electric current then moment of torsion be zero.
2. be connected on the threephase asynchronous on the electrical network, when it is dragged by exterior mechanical, when making rotor speed surpass its synchronous rotational speed, this motor will be as generator operation, the energy of exterior mechanical is become electric energy send into electrical network.
Below, 1 and 2 embodiment that provide 1 come the utility model is specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure principle chart of the utility model embodiment 1.
Accompanying drawing 2 is that the B of Fig. 1 dynamometer machine is to view.
The rotor 1 of asynchronous machine 14 links by shaft coupling 4 armature 5 with electromagnetic slip clutches 13, the stator 2 of asynchronous machine again by 3 on rolling bearing on bearing seat 8.The axle head of the magnetic pole 6 of electromagnetic slip clutches has a shaft coupling 7, is convenient to diesel engine when test and diesel engine and links.Asynchronous machine adopts 4 utmost points/8 utmost point double-speed motors.
During the diesel engine test, dynamometer machine there are several requirements like this:
1. can start diesel engine.
2. can apply load to diesel engine.
3. under arbitrary test speed, the size of load can be adjustable continuously.
4. can accurately indicate the size of load.
The dynamometer machine that below is described in detail Fig. 1 is how to satisfy above-mentioned requirements.
1. starting diesel engine: tested diesel engine 12 is linked by shaft coupling 7 and dynamometer machine.Close a main switch, make the asynchronous machine energising, drive armature 5 rotations of electromagnetic slip clutches.When clutch coupling did not pass through exciting current, the magnetic pole 6 of clutch coupling was actionless.Feed exciting current, just produce interactional electromagnetic force between magnetic pole 6 and the armature 5, make magnetic pole 6 follow armature 5 and begin rotation.Along with the increase of exciting current, the speed that magnetic pole 6 drives the diesel engine rotation also constantly raises.When rotating speed was elevated to 300 rev/mins of left and right sides, diesel engine was just started.In whole starting process, dynamometer machine is with motor-operation.
2. apply load to diesel engine: after diesel engine is started, exciting current is decreased to zero, makes between the magnetic pole 6 of clutch coupling and the armature 5 and lose electromagnetic force.At this moment also stop between diesel engine and the asynchronous machine interacting, both are independent of each other, separately with rotation speed operation independently.With tested diesel engine raising speed to arbitrary test speed (generally 900 change-2200 rev/mins), at this moment the rotating speed of diesel engine has surpassed the synchronous rotational speed of 4 utmost points/8 utmost point asynchronous machines (motor pole number has been automaticallyed switch by controller, when diesel engine speed below 1600 rev/mins the time, motor is with 8 utmost point work, and synchronous rotational speed is 750 rev/mins.When diesel engine speed more than 1600 rev/mins the time, motor is with 4 utmost point work, synchronous rotational speed is 1500 rev/mins).Apply load to diesel engine if desired, need only connect the exciting current of speed differential clutch, the armature 5 of clutch coupling is just followed the rotating speed of magnetic pole 6 like this, makes the rotor speed of asynchronous machine also be higher than the synchronous rotational speed of motor.According to the Electrical Motor principle, at this moment asynchronous machine enters the generator duty, becomes the load of tested diesel engine by speed differential clutch.Be that motor has absorbed the power of diesel engine and it is become electric energy and sends into electrical network.As seen, the process that loads to tested diesel engine of dynamometer machine just asynchronous machine become the process of generator by motor.
3. regulating load: dynamometer machine is after tested diesel engine loads, press the diesel engine testing requirements, it is stable that diesel engine speed n1 should keep, and the rotation speed n 2 of asynchronous machine always is higher than and approaches the synchronous rotational speed revolutional slip of asynchronous machine (because less) of motor, so that n2 also can think is constant substantially.Mechanical property M=KI by electromagnetic slip clutches
2 (K is the constant that is determined by clutch configuration) need only regulate the exciting current I of clutch coupling as can be seen continuously, the moment of torsion M that just can regulate clutch coupling continuously and transmitted.Under a certain rotating speed, regulated moment of torsion and just regulated power.As seen, the process of regulating tested diesel engine load is just regulated the process of asynchronous machine to the grid transmission amount.
4. in the dynamometer machine of the indication of load: Fig. 1, on bearing seat 8, so not only the rotor 1 of asynchronous machine can rotate in stator 2 stator 2 of asynchronous machine, and stator 2 can also freely swing with respect to bearing seat 8 by 3 on rolling bearing.In asynchronous machine when work,, rotor makes stator 2 that trend around bearing 3 deflections be arranged to the electromagnetic torque of stator.According to opplied moment and moment of reaction equal and opposite in direction, the principle that direction is opposite, the deflecting torque of motor stator 2 just equals the moment of resistance that rotor 1 applies to diesel engine by speed differential clutch.This moment can be measured by force cell 10, and is indicated by Displaying Meter.One end of sensor 10 is articulated in the end of the arm of force 9 and the other end is articulated in ground.Demarcation to sensor can be undertaken by hang standard test weight on correction arm 11.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is the family curve of speed differential clutch in Fig. 3 dynamometer machine.
It is main frame that this embodiment can adopt the matured product YCT series electromagnetic coupling asynchronous motor of China, adapted one-chip computer and special-purpose control survey program.The YCT serial motors is in conjunction with as a whole a kind of motor with speed differential clutch 13 and threephase asynchronous 14.Its development and application target always use as motor.
Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 3 as can be seen, the primary structure of Fig. 3 dynamometer machine is identical with Fig. 1 dynamometer machine.So the courses of work such as the loading of present embodiment dynamometer machine, accent carry, starting diesel engine are described identical with enforcement 1.
Narrate the different part of two embodiment below: survey the square mode.
Embodiment 1 utilizes asynchronous machine that stator can swing and the force cell incompatible measurement moment of torsion that matches.Present embodiment for reduce cost, simplified structure, carried out some tests.The result confirms that electromagnetic slip clutches itself can play the effect of torque sensor.Electromagnetic slip clutches have the mechanical property shown in the curve A among Fig. 4.Because this curve is non-linear, so adopted single-chip microcomputer technology in the present embodiment, can proofread and correct this curve with software.Specific practice is to use straight line 1(M=K1I
2 + b1), straight line 2(M=K2I
2 + b2) ..., straight line n(M=KnI
2 + bn) such one group of straight line comes the piecewise fitting curve A.Wherein Kn is that slope, the bn of n section straight line are the intercepts of n section straight line.I, n1, n2 are respectively exciting current, diesel engine speed and the asynchronous machine rotating speeds of speed differential clutch.I, n1, n2 are easy to measure, but Kn and bn must obtain by experiment.The practice that experimental method measures Kn, bn is that standard torque sensor 15 is connected between diesel oil arbor 16 and the measurement of power arbor 17.Under a certain diesel engine speed, regulate exciting current I and can obtain one group of M and one group of corresponding I
2 , can go out COEFFICIENT K 1 by inverse according to this group measured data, b1, K2, b2 ... Kn, bn.Then the coefficient of calculating is made coefficient table and deposit the one-chip computer internal memory in.Like this, electromagnetic slip clutches are just proofreaied and correct by standard torque sensor, can be used as moment of torsion and have used as sensor.After the correction, dynamometer machine when work, standard torque sensor is removed, make diesel engine directly and dynamometer machine link.In the diesel engine process of the test, follow according to the I that measures at any time by one-chip computer
2 Value removes to look into the coefficient table in the internal memory, finds corresponding Kn, bn formula M=KnI
2 + bn calculates moment of torsion M and shows automatically.So far, the survey moment problem of present embodiment is resolved.
Technical economic benefit:
At present, over thousands of the dynamometer machine that turns round in each Diesel Engine Plant all is waterpower or electric eddy current dynamometer more than 98%, and the power that diesel engine sends during test is wasted entirely.According to investigations, the annual only single cylinder diesel output of 195 series in the whole nation just reaches 3,000,000, calculates in 1.3 hours by average every delivery test, and only this item uses the utility model just can economize on electricity more than 2,500 ten thousand degree.And, use the utility model can also alleviate experimental labour's labour intensity (not needing the hand starting diesel engine), improve the automaticity (being convenient to supporting realization computer control) of testing equipment.
The contrast of the utility model and prior art:
Claims (5)
1, a kind of slip control type ac dynamometer that is applicable to the diesel engine test, it is characterized in that mainly by in order to regulating threephase asynchronous machine, thereby reach the electromagnetic slip clutches 13 of step-less adjustment dynamometric power and in order to as the load of tested diesel engine and to threephase asynchronous 14 be combined intos of grid generation to grid transmission amount size.
2, according to the described slip control type of claim 1 ac dynamometer, the rotor 1 that it is characterized in that asynchronous machine 14 connects with the armature 5 of electromagnetic slip clutches 13 by shaft coupling 4, the stator 2 of asynchronous machine by 3 on rolling bearing on bearing seat 8, when the axle head of the magnetic pole 6 of electromagnetic slip clutches 13 has a test and the joining shaft coupling 7 of diesel engine.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described slip control type ac dynamometers, it is characterized in that being provided with the moment of resistance that test speed differential clutch 13 applies to diesel engine 12 is the force cell 10 of diesel engine load.
4,, it is characterized in that structure, adapted one-chip computer and the special-purpose control survey program that can adopt electromagnetic slip clutches 13 and threephase asynchronous 14 to be combined as a whole according to the described slip control type of claim 1 ac dynamometer.
5, according to claim 1 or 4 described slip control type ac dynamometers, the torque sensor 15 that sets up standard when it is characterized in that making, and deposit its measured data in supporting one-chip computer internal memory.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89202914 CN2047785U (en) | 1989-03-18 | 1989-03-18 | Slip-controlled ac ergometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89202914 CN2047785U (en) | 1989-03-18 | 1989-03-18 | Slip-controlled ac ergometer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2047785U true CN2047785U (en) | 1989-11-15 |
Family
ID=4860573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89202914 Withdrawn CN2047785U (en) | 1989-03-18 | 1989-03-18 | Slip-controlled ac ergometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2047785U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105509944A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江亚龙教育装备股份有限公司 | Dynamic torque detection mechanism for motor |
| CN105509945A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江亚龙教育装备股份有限公司 | Dynamic torque detection device for motor |
| CN107478365A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of ultrasound electric machine power measurement arrangement for loading continuously adjustabe |
| CN110044611A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏利得尔电机有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic type shaft coupling combination property test desk and its test method |
| CN112378668A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Energy-saving type test device for medium-speed high-power diesel engine |
-
1989
- 1989-03-18 CN CN 89202914 patent/CN2047785U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105509944A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江亚龙教育装备股份有限公司 | Dynamic torque detection mechanism for motor |
| CN105509945A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江亚龙教育装备股份有限公司 | Dynamic torque detection device for motor |
| CN107478365A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of ultrasound electric machine power measurement arrangement for loading continuously adjustabe |
| CN107478365B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2024-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultrasonic motor dynamometer device with continuously adjustable load |
| CN110044611A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏利得尔电机有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic type shaft coupling combination property test desk and its test method |
| CN110044611B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-09-11 | 江苏利得尔电机有限公司 | Electromagnetic type coupling comprehensive performance test bench and test method thereof |
| CN112378668A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | Energy-saving type test device for medium-speed high-power diesel engine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |