CN204718911U - A kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate - Google Patents
A kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN204718911U CN204718911U CN201520463153.XU CN201520463153U CN204718911U CN 204718911 U CN204718911 U CN 204718911U CN 201520463153 U CN201520463153 U CN 201520463153U CN 204718911 U CN204718911 U CN 204718911U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate, it relates to the test macro of combustible heat release rate size in metering fire generation evolution.Above steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood and natural style smokejack are installed, the center of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance is provided with the pond fire burning platform on the recording balance being placed on band thermal insulation protection, recording balance with thermal insulation protection is connected with microcomputer by mass change collector, temperature thermocouple tree is located on steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, tree is connected with microcomputer by temperature data acquisition device temperature thermocouple, the center line of natural style smokejack is provided with flue gas sampling probe, flue gas sampling probe is connected with microcomputer by fume component analysis device.The utility model is simple by unit module processing, assembling, using method and operating process easy, there is certain realistic meaning and Economic Application is worth.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of test macro measuring combustible heat release rate size in fire generation evolution, be specifically related to a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate.
Background technology
The scientific research carrying out all kinds fire has important scientific meaning for the follow-up effective prevention of similar fire and the casualties reduced in fire and property loss, usually to a certain particular type fire carry out fire describe time, quote some fire parameters, such as other quantifiable parameters relevant with fire such as heat release rate, fire rate of rise describe its feature, wherein, heat release rate is considered to be one of important parameter evaluating fire risk in reflection fire scenario and numbered analog simulation.
Heat release rate refers to that flammable sample outwards discharges the value of heat energy speed, and unit is kw/m
2heat release rate is larger, combustion feedback gives the heat of self and around combustible more, self and combustible evaporation around or thermal decomposition rate is caused to accelerate, the flammable volatile matter increasing number generated, thus accelerating flame transmission, it has carrying out the effect in Fire Science research: (1) heat release rate can describe developing fire speed and provide the information of fire hazard degree, is the important evidence of design fire detection, personnel escape and fire extinguishing Best Times; (2) important input parameter when heat release rate emulates as Computer Numerical Simulation is the important evidence calculating fire scene temperature and smoke growing amount etc.; (3) setting of heat release rate curve is the prerequisite that fire performanceization design designs with assessment fire scenario, is the basic foundation determining to take which kind of Countermeasures of Fire Protection.
Along with rise and the development of Fire Science, domestic and international correlative study person has has researched and developed some for measuring the experimental system of heat release rate.The simplest heat release rate method of testing directly measures by the enthalpy of flue gas in the adiabatic environment of thermo-lag space traditionally, but real adiabatic apparatus reality is difficult to realize, mostly heat release rate method of testing used is at present the test platform built based on oxygen consumption principle (proportionate relationship between the oxygen quality consumed during burning and release heat), as the more famous small-scale experiment platform cone calorimetry based on ISO5660 standard and the full-scale measurement system based on ISO 9705 standard; But adopt easy heat insulation mode based on the firing chamber involved by the test platform that oxygen consumption principle is built, thus the heat release rate obtained is starkly lower than actual value, the ash content of combustible also can have larger impact to its result in addition, more advanced design is that use thermostatical instrument replaces firing chamber, in the instrument that can keep constant temperature, heat release rate is measured, this design can obtain better result, but actual instrumentation is complicated and expensive.
In order to solve the problem, design a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate or necessary.
Utility model content
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the utility model object is to provide a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate, pilot system is simple, reasonable in design, be affected by other factors less, unit module processing, assembling are simple, using method and operating process easy, there is certain realistic meaning and Economic Application is worth.
To achieve these goals, the utility model realizes by the following technical solutions: a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate, comprise restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform, flame temperature collecting unit, mass change test cell and combustion product gases test cell, restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform are by steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood, natural style smokejack and pond fire burning platform composition, above steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood is installed, the top of heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood is provided with natural style smokejack, steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood, natural style smokejack is monolithic construction, for the heat smoke collected with discharge in flammable liquid combustion process, the center of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance is placed with pond fire burning platform, pond fire burning platform is diameter 0.5m, high 0.25m, the cylindrical high-temperature resistant container of upper end open, for holding flammable liquid.
Described flame temperature collecting unit is set by temperature thermocouple, temperature data acquisition device and in real time display and the microcomputer that stores data form, temperature thermocouple tree is located on steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance, tree is connected with one end of temperature data acquisition device temperature thermocouple, the other end of temperature data acquisition device is connected with microcomputer by standard communication interface, shows in real time and stores each road temperature data.
Described mass change test cell is made up of the recording balance with thermal insulation protection, mass change collector and microcomputer; recording balance with thermal insulation protection is arranged on the below of pond fire burning platform; for the mass change of liquid combustible thing in test pool fire burning platform; recording balance with thermal insulation protection is connected with microcomputer by mass change collector; transfer on microcomputer by mass change collector by its data, microcomputer can show the mass change situation with combustible in storage pool fire burning platform in real time.
Described combustion product gases test cell is by flue gas sampling probe, fume component analysis device and microcomputer composition, flue gas sampling probe is arranged on the center line of natural style smokejack, flue gas sampling probe is connected with one end of fume component analysis device, oxygen can be realized, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulphuric dioxide, room temperature, the temperature difference, pressure, burning efficiency, the flue gas volume marks such as excess air coefficient, temperature and the isoparametric mensuration of composition, the other end of fume component analysis device is connected with microcomputer by standard communication interface, above-mentioned data can be shown in real time and be stored on microcomputer by standard communication interface fume component analysis device, data memory format is Excel standard format, other software transfer can be supplied.
As preferably, the bottom of described steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance and top are the steel construction Glassy Space of hollow, the length, width and height of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance are respectively 0.75m, 0.75m, 1m, the framework of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance is steel construction, the bottom of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance is the open space communicated with the external world from upper 0.25m place, be convenient to the supply of fresh air, 0.25m is upwards all provided with tempered glass to the surrounding at 1m place, be convenient to observe combustible combustion situation, wherein three surface glasses are fixed on framework, another side glass can put down take out or horizontal sliding be installed on framework, with on the glass surface that moveable glassy phase is right along vertical center line, start upwards to offer seven circular apertures according to this from 0.25m by the spacing distance of 0.05m.
As preferably, described temperature thermocouple tree is provided with seven temperature thermocouples, temperature thermocouple is along pond fire combustible combustion fire plume center line, lay according to this from bottom to top according to the spacing distance of 0.05m/ root, every root temperature thermocouple is along being all located on the circular aperture of fixing glass in steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: based on the heat release rate method of testing of mass loss rate, effectively can avoid the drawback of classic method, and pilot system is simple, is affected by other factors less, have certain realistic meaning and Economic Application value:
(1) simple, the using method of each unit module processing assembling of test macro and operating process easy, test approaches is wide, can test various flammable or combustible liquids;
(2) be the instantaneous heat release rate that can realize real-time testing and display flammable liquid, also can calculate the average heat release rate obtaining flammable liquid in a certain period, the many experiments checking under identical operating mode, test result has good repeatability;
(3) be this system except the test function with heat release rate, can also measure or calculate the situation of change etc. of situation of change, burning efficiency situation and the Combustion flame height obtaining smoke components in combustion process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments;
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the first time experimental result picture of heat release rate under flammable liquid free combustion state in the utility model 0-60s;
Fig. 3 is the second time experimental result picture of heat release rate under flammable liquid free combustion state in the utility model 0-60s;
Fig. 4 is the third time experimental result picture of heat release rate under flammable liquid free combustion state in the utility model 0-60s;
Fig. 5 is the 4th experimental result picture of heat release rate under flammable liquid free combustion state in the utility model 0-60s;
Fig. 6 is four experimental result comparison diagrams of heat release rate under flammable liquid free combustion state in the utility model 0-60s.
Embodiment
The technological means realized for making the utility model, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, setting forth the utility model further.
With reference to Fig. 1-6, this embodiment is by the following technical solutions: a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate, comprise restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform, flame temperature collecting unit, mass change test cell and combustion product gases test cell, restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform are by steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2, natural style smokejack 3 and pond fire burning platform 7 form, above steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2 is installed, the top of heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2 is provided with natural style smokejack 3, steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2, natural style smokejack 3 is monolithic construction, for the heat smoke collected with discharge in flammable liquid combustion process, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2 lower surface is of a size of 0.75m × 0.75m, upper surface is of a size of 0.20m × 0.20m, heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood 2 is highly 0.50m, natural style smokejack 3 is of a size of 0.20m × 0.20m × 1.00m, the center of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1 is placed with pond fire burning platform 7, described pond fire burning platform 7 is diameter 0.5m, high 0.25m, the cylindrical high-temperature resistant container of upper end open, for holding flammable liquid.
The bottom of described steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1 and top are the steel construction Glassy Space of hollow, the length, width and height of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1 are respectively 0.75m, 0.75m, 1m, the framework of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1 is steel construction, bottom is from upper 0.25m place surrounding not mounting glass, the bottom of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1 is the open space communicated with the external world from upper 0.25m place, be convenient to the supply of fresh air, when can ensure that the liquid combustible thing that pond fire burns in platform burns like this, oxygen supply is sufficient, is unlikely to anoxia asphyxia; Upwards all tempered glass is installed to the surrounding at 1m place from 0.25m, be convenient to observe combustible combustion situation, wherein three surface glasses are fixed on framework, another side glass can put down take out or horizontal sliding be installed on framework, be used as to add flammable liquid, with can put down take out or on glass surface that the glassy phase of horizontal sliding is right along vertical center line, start upwards to offer seven circular apertures according to this from 0.25m by the spacing distance of 0.05m, be convenient to subsequent installation temperature thermocouple.
It should be noted that, described flame temperature collecting unit sets 6 by temperature thermocouple, the microcomputer 11 of temperature data acquisition device 10 and in real time display and storage data forms, temperature thermocouple tree 6 is provided with seven temperature thermocouples, temperature thermocouple is along pond fire combustible combustion fire plume center line, lay according to this from bottom to top according to the spacing distance of 0.05m/ root, every root temperature thermocouple is along being all located on the circular aperture of fixing glass in steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance 1, temperature thermocouple tree 6 is connected with one end of temperature data acquisition device 10, the other end of temperature data acquisition device 10 is connected with microcomputer 11 by standard communication interface, the real-time every root thermo-electric couple temperature data transmitting collection, microcomputer 11 shows in real time and stores each road temperature data, data memory format is Excel standard format, other software transfer can be supplied.
It should be noted that, described mass change test cell is by the recording balance 8 with thermal insulation protection, mass change collector 9 and microcomputer 11 form, being arranged on the pond fire burning platform 7 holding flammable liquid is placed on the recording balance 8 of band thermal insulation protection, for the mass change of liquid combustible thing in test pool fire burning platform 7, when after the flammable liquid that automatic ignition system is lighted in pond fire burning platform, combustible is because the generation of combustion reaction, its quality can change, recording balance 8 with thermal insulation protection is connected with microcomputer 11 by mass change collector 9, by mass change collector 9, its data are transferred on microcomputer 11, microcomputer 11 can show the mass change situation with combustible in storage pool fire burning platform in real time.
In addition, described combustion product gases test cell is by flue gas sampling probe 4, fume component analysis device 5 and microcomputer 11 form, flue gas sampling probe 4 is arranged on the center line of natural style smokejack 3, flue gas sampling probe 4 is connected with one end of fume component analysis device 5, oxygen can be realized, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulphuric dioxide, room temperature, the temperature difference, pressure, burning efficiency, the flue gas volume marks such as excess air coefficient, temperature and the isoparametric mensuration of composition, the other end of fume component analysis device 5 is connected with microcomputer 11 by standard communication interface, above-mentioned data can be shown in real time and be stored on microcomputer 11 by standard communication interface fume component analysis device 5, data memory format is Excel standard format, other software transfer can be supplied.
This embodiment provides a kind of unit module to process and assembles simple, using method and operating process easy, to spread a set of experiment test system of heat release rate in process at fire for measuring flammable liquid, effectively can avoid the drawback of classic method, and pilot system is simple, be affected by other factors less, in the computing formula Q=φ × m × Δ H of its foundation in addition, parameters easily obtains, wherein Δ H is the combustion heat value of combustible when burning completely, correlation table can be looked into obtain, the mass burning rate m of combustible and burning efficiency factor φ can calculate according to the combustible mass change test cell in this platform and combustion product gases test cell and obtain or directly record, so, heat release rate test macro based on the development of mass loss rate principle design has certain realistic meaning and Economic Application is worth.
First flame temperature collecting unit is checked before the experiment of this embodiment, whether mass change test cell and combustion product gases test cell etc. are energized, whether intactly connect, whether normally work, afterwards pond fire burning platform is placed on the recording balance of band thermal insulation protection, balance to be recorded resets after stable reading, a certain amount of flammable liquid is inverted afterwards in pond fire burning platform, by the time after the stable reading on recording balance, firing system is utilized to light flammable liquid and timing, each test cell gathers flame temperature respectively, mass change and heat smoke Parameters variation situation.
According to the combustible mass situation of change of display and storage in real time, the mass burning rate m of combustible can be obtained, according to the heat smoke Parameters variation situation of display and storage in real time, the burning efficiency factor φ of combustible can be obtained, know again combustion heat value when Δ H is combustible combustion, correlation table can be looked into obtain, therefore the measuring and calculation of flammable liquid heat release rate size can be realized according to formula Q=φ × m × Δ H, analyze four experimental results can find (with reference to Fig. 6), under identical fired state (under free combustion state), flammable liquid heat release rate variation tendency of (in 0-60s) in identical observation time is identical, article four, empirical curve has good repeatability, confirm that invented experimental system is practical for the test of flammable liquid heat release rate, reliable science, in addition this test macro can also realize the test of combustible flame height.
Native system has following characteristics: one be that each unit module processing assembling of test macro is simple, using method and operating process easy, test approaches is wide, can test various flammable or combustible liquids; Two is the instantaneous heat release rates that can realize real-time testing and display flammable liquid, also can calculate the average heat release rate obtaining flammable liquid in a certain period, the many experiments checking under identical operating mode, and test result has good repeatability; Three be this system except the test function with heat release rate, can also measure or calculate the situation of change etc. of situation of change, burning efficiency situation and the Combustion flame height obtaining smoke components in combustion process.
Integrated test system described in this embodiment, unit module processing, assembling are simply, using method and operating process easy, through experimental study show can Validity Test flammable liquid burning time heat release rate situation, this fire risk spread in process at fire for evaluation flammable liquid is significant, has wide market application foreground.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technician of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of claimed the utility model.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. the flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate, it is characterized in that, comprise restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform, flame temperature collecting unit, mass change test cell and combustion product gases test cell, restricted clearance and pond fire burning platform are by steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1), heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood (2), natural style smokejack (3) and pond fire burning platform (7) composition, steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) top is provided with heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood (2), the top of heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood (2) is provided with natural style smokejack (3), steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1), heat insulation exhaust fume collecting hood (2), natural style smokejack (3) is monolithic construction, the center of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) is placed with pond fire burning platform (7),
Described flame temperature collecting unit sets (6) by temperature thermocouple, the microcomputer (11) of temperature data acquisition device (10) and in real time display and storage data forms, temperature thermocouple tree (6) is located on steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1), temperature thermocouple tree (6) is connected with one end of temperature data acquisition device (10), and the other end of temperature data acquisition device (10) is connected with microcomputer (11) by standard communication interface;
Described mass change test cell is made up of the recording balance (8) with thermal insulation protection, mass change collector (9) and microcomputer (11), recording balance (8) with thermal insulation protection is arranged on the below in pond fire burning platform (7), and the recording balance (8) of band thermal insulation protection is connected with microcomputer (11) by mass change collector (9);
Described combustion product gases test cell is made up of flue gas sampling probe (4), fume component analysis device (5) and microcomputer (11), flue gas sampling probe (4) is arranged on the center line of natural style smokejack (3), flue gas sampling probe (4) is connected with one end of fume component analysis device (5), and the other end of fume component analysis device (5) is connected with microcomputer (11) by standard communication interface.
2. a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) and top are the steel construction Glassy Space of hollow, the length, width and height of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) are respectively 0.75m, 0.75m, 1m, the framework of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) is steel construction, the bottom of steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1) is the open space communicated with the external world from upper 0.25m place, 0.25m is upwards all provided with tempered glass to the surrounding at 1m place, three surface glasses are fixed on framework, another side glass can put down take out or horizontal sliding be installed on framework, with on the glass surface that moveable glassy phase is right along vertical center line, start upwards to offer seven circular apertures according to this from 0.25m by the spacing distance of 0.05m.
3. a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pond fire burning platform (7) is diameter 0.5m, the cylindrical high-temperature resistant container of high 0.25m, upper end open.
4. a kind of flammable liquid heat release rate test macro based on mass loss rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature thermocouple tree (6) is provided with seven temperature thermocouples, temperature thermocouple is along pond fire combustible combustion fire plume center line, lay according to this from bottom to top according to the spacing distance of 0.05m/ root, every root temperature thermocouple is along on the circular aperture being all located in fixing glass in steel structure fireproof glass restricted clearance (1).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105606648A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-05-25 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Portable fire disaster test heat release rate measuring device |
| CN107676773A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-09 | 合肥依科普工业设备有限公司 | A kind of hot cigarette generating means |
-
2015
- 2015-06-24 CN CN201520463153.XU patent/CN204718911U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105606648A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-05-25 | 公安部四川消防研究所 | Portable fire disaster test heat release rate measuring device |
| CN107676773A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-09 | 合肥依科普工业设备有限公司 | A kind of hot cigarette generating means |
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