CN204705334U - A kind of rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf - Google Patents
A kind of rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN204705334U CN204705334U CN201520245925.2U CN201520245925U CN204705334U CN 204705334 U CN204705334 U CN 204705334U CN 201520245925 U CN201520245925 U CN 201520245925U CN 204705334 U CN204705334 U CN 204705334U
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Abstract
A kind of rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf, its main body comprises test desk, round turntable, height gauge, ruler, bevel protractor; Test desk is fixed a circular rotating shaft; There is a circular hole at round turntable center, and with degree angle index on round turntable, round turntable is placed on test desk by circular rotating shaft, and can rotate around circular rotating shaft; Height gauge rectangle batten, is vertically fixed on test desk, and its place plane, by the axle center of round turntable, it is fixed with the little batten of rectangle; Described ruler is while change the transparent plastic ruler of hypotenuse into; Described bevel protractor is Digit Display Angle Ruler.Device and method of the present utility model is utilized to measure Culm of Rice locus and rice leaf position angle is with low cost, measuring process is easy, measurement data is effective, for the quantificational description that rice tillering is collecting and distributing provides hardware and method, underlying parameter can be provided for the simulation of paddy rice strain shape and optimal design.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of measurement mechanism of rice strain form, especially a kind of rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf and measuring method.
Background technology
China's rice yield once had twice breakthrough, and one is that paddy rice height stalk changes of short stem, and two is that Semidwarf rice changes hybrid rice, and short-stalked variety is increased production than short-stalked variety than long-stalked variety volume increase, hybrid paddy rice, and its common essence is plant type improvement.Plant type improvement process is divided into two stages, and the first stage is breeding wheat for semidwarfness, and subordinate phase is Ideotype Breeding, and think that the developing direction of Plant-type Breeding is that Morphology and function is taken into account, ideotype combines with use of advantage.
The plant type of broad sense refers to the assembling form of comprehensive biological character and overall expression thereof, it not only comprises morphological feature, the space arrangement mode of plant, and comprise some function proterties directly related with colony light-use, as breeding time, photosynthesis characteristics, storehouse source and course harmony, ratio of grain to straw, dormant trait, resistance, need fertilizer, point allusion quotation etc.The strain shape of narrow sense means the relation between the morphological feature of plant, space arrangement mode and each proterties, as the length of plant height, collecting and distributing, the blade of tillering, width and angle, fringe shape, individual arrangement mode in colony and geometry thereof etc.Strain shape means the relation between the morphological feature of plant, space arrangement mode and each proterties, as the length of plant height, collecting and distributing, the blade of tillering, width and angle, fringe shape, individual arrangement mode in colony and geometry thereof etc.
Rice strain morphological Simulation is the simulation to paddy rice strain shape, namely the relation between the morphological feature of paddy rice, space arrangement mode and each proterties, as the simulation of the length of plant height, collecting and distributing, the blade of tillering, width and angle, fringe shape, individual arrangement mode in colony and geometry thereof.The object of rice strain morphological Simulation is the selection into desirable rice strain form, and field management provides theories integration.
The main information that current rice strain morphological Simulation uses is leaf area distribution and the Light distribation of rice canopy vertical space.Extract abundanter rice strain shape information, the research of multi-angle can be provided for desirable rice strain form, be conducive to the validity improving rice strain morphological Simulation.Rice straw locus and the azimuthal data collector of rice leaf fewer.2009 Nian Zheng nation friend (Zheng Bangyou, Shi Lijuan, Ma Yuntao, Deng Qiyun, Li Baoguo, Guo Yan. the field in-situ three-dimensional digitizing of rice canopy and virtual level cutting method research [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 42 (4): 1181-1189,2009.) etc. applying three-dimensional digitizing technique measures rice straw locus, but the 3Space Fastrak 3D digitizer that Zheng Bangyou utilizes is from the import of Polhemus company of the U.S., and price is high.Li Xumeng (Li Xumeng, Huang Huang, Zou Ruibiao, Wang little Hui. plant type of rice measuring instrument: China, 201420075895.0 [P]. 2014-07-09.) the plant type of rice measuring instrument that designs measures stem stalk locus and the vein curve that can measure paddy rice, but the complex structure of this device, manufacturing cost is not low, and measuring process is also more loaded down with trivial details.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model be to provide a kind of with low cost, measuring process is easy, the effective rice straw locus of measurement data and rice leaf azimuth measuring device and measuring method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the rice straw locus that the utility model provides and rice leaf azimuth measuring device, its main body comprises test desk (1), round turntable (2), height gauge (3), ruler (8), bevel protractor (9); Described test desk (1) is plane solid wood board, test desk (1) is fixed a circular rotating shaft (4); Circular rotating shaft (4) is the center of the square plank (10) of 20 centimetres by a length of side, and square plank (10) upper surface is smooth, is fixed on test desk.Described round turntable (2) diameter is 15 centimetres, there is a circular hole (5) at center, with 360 degree of angle index (6) on disk, circular hole (5) is measure-alike with circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) is placed on square plank (10) by circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) face is parallel with measurement table top, and can rotate around circular rotating shaft (4); Described height gauge is the rectangle batten of 75 centimeter length, is vertically fixed on test desk (1), and a side plane of height gauge (3) indicates length scale from bottom to up, it secures the little batten of equidistant rectangle (7) of the measurement table top that 7 are parallel to; Secure an angle index reading between height gauge (3) and square plank (10) and assist little batten (11), angle index reading assists a side of little batten (11) and the graduated side of height gauge (3) subscript in same plane, and this plane is by the axle center of round turntable (2); Described ruler (8) is while change the transparent plastic ruler of hypotenuse into; Described bevel protractor (9) is Digit Display Angle Ruler.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model also provides a kind of method utilizing said apparatus to measure rice straw locus, and its step is as follows:
1) measurement mechanism is placed: place measurement mechanism in horizontal table top;
2) rice strain is placed: placement diameter 15 cm is equipped with is with the round basin of native rice strain in round turntable (2) central authorities, and makes rice strain stem base vertical;
3) register system data: the little batten of N root rectangle on label record height gauge (3) is used for when time measurement, the distance of record rice straw base portion and test desk (1) upper surface; Record the distance of height gauge (3) to rotary disk central shaft, each little batten of rectangle on record height gauge (3) and the distance of test desk (1) upper surface;
4) measure: against the little batten of rectangle and height gauge (3) and place ruler (4) on the little batten of rectangle, ruler points to the central shaft of round turntable (2), and rotate rotating disk, mobile ruler, makes one end of ruler contact with the rice straw on rolling disc;
5) reading: assist little batten (11) by angle index reading, record height gauge (3) indicate the side of length scale face toward the angle index of rotating disk disk; The contact point of record ruler and height gauge is to the distance of ruler and rice straw contact point;
6) step 4) ~ 5 are repeated) obtain and data measured by some points on rice straw;
7) cut the stem stalk surveyed, measure stem stalk diameter;
8) 4 are repeated) ~ 7), so obtain the measurement data corresponding to some points to each stem stalk;
9) translation: to the distance of the measurement point on stem stalk to test desk (1) upper surface, obtains the distance of the measurement point on stem stalk to rice straw base portion; To the contact point of ruler and record height gauge to the distance of ruler and rice straw contact point, obtain the distance of contact point to the central shaft of round turntable (2) do translation;
10) adjust: butt contact adjusts to the distance of the central shaft of round turntable (2), obtains the circular cylindrical coordinate of the point on stem stalk central shaft;
11) coordinate transformation: the circular cylindrical coordinate of the point on stem stalk central shaft is converted into rectangular coordinate;
12) stem stalk curve: to straight stem stalk, writes out the point slope form equation of straight line; To bending stem stalk, write out the spatial parameter equation of stem stalk;
13) whole computation process is by matlab programming realization.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model also provides one to utilize said apparatus to measure the azimuthal method of leaf, and its step is as follows:
1) measurement mechanism is placed: place measurement mechanism in horizontal table top;
2) place rice strain: with diameter 15 cm and the native rice strain of band loaded onto by mark north circle basin, be positioned over round turntable 2) on, make rice strain stem base vertical, the north of round basin and round turntable 2) zero graduation degree;
3) measure: against height gauge 3) side, horizontal survey platform 1) place Digit Display Angle Ruler, bevel protractor point to round turntable 2) central shaft, rotate rotating disk, mobile ruler, make it in the contact of leaf knot, counterclockwise adjustment another side is parallel with face, vein place;
5) reading: record height gauge 3) indicate the side of length scale institute and face toward the angle index Theta1 of rotating disk disk, record the reading Theta2 of Digit Display Angle Ruler;
6) calculate: leaf direction angle is Theta=Theta1-Theta2.
The beneficial effect that the utility model has is: the utility model is avoided adopting expensive import special purpose device to measure the locus of rice straw and the position angle of blade, and device cost of manufacture is low, in popularizing; Apparatus design is exquisite, by rotary disk in data acquisition, without the need to measuring people's changing position continually, being conducive to the efficiency improving data acquisition, being applicable to the data acquisition of larger samples.The utility model for paddy rice strain shape simulation and optimal design provide rice straw locus and rice leaf bearing data collection needed for device and method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 device of the present utility model constructs total schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 device pedestal organigram of the present utility model.
Appended angle index schematic diagram on Fig. 3 disk of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 height gauge schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 the utility model ruler schematic diagram used.
Fig. 6 stem stalk of the present utility model distribution measuring process schematic.
Fig. 7 rice leaf of the present utility model measurement of azimuth schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 stem stalk of the present utility model distribution measuring check data.
Fig. 9 stem stalk of the present utility model distribution measuring test effect figure.
Figure 10 rice leaf of the present utility model measurement of azimuth check data.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further described.
As Figure 1-Figure 5, the rice straw locus that the utility model provides and rice leaf azimuth measuring device, its its main body comprises test desk (1), round turntable (2), height gauge (3), ruler (8), bevel protractor (9); Described test desk (1) is plane solid wood board, test desk (1) is fixed a circular rotating shaft (4); Circular rotating shaft (4) is the center of the square plank (10) of 20 centimetres by a length of side, and square plank (10) upper surface is smooth, is fixed on test desk.Described round turntable (2) diameter is 15 centimetres, there is a circular hole (5) at center, with 360 degree of angle index (6) on disk, circular hole (5) is measure-alike with circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) is placed on square plank (10) by circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) face is parallel with measurement table top, and can rotate around circular rotating shaft (4); Described height gauge is the rectangle batten of 75 centimeter length, is vertically fixed on test desk (1), and a side plane of height gauge (3) indicates length scale from bottom to up, it secures the little batten of equidistant rectangle (7) of the measurement table top that 7 are parallel to; Secure an angle index reading between height gauge (3) and square plank (10) and assist little batten (11), angle index reading assists a side of little batten (11) and the graduated side of height gauge (3) subscript in same plane, and this plane is by the axle center of round turntable (2); Described ruler (8) is while change the transparent plastic ruler of hypotenuse into; Described bevel protractor (9) is Digit Display Angle Ruler.
As shown in Figure 6, measure the method for rice straw locus, its step is as follows:
1) measurement mechanism is placed: place measurement mechanism in horizontal table top;
2) rice strain is placed: placement diameter 15 cm is equipped with is with the round basin of native rice strain on round turntable (2), and makes rice strain stem base vertical;
3) register system data: the little batten of N root rectangle on label record height gauge (3) is used for when secondary being measured as reduces surveying work amount, and getting N to straight stem stalk is 2, and getting N to bending stem stalk is 3, the distance Lb of record rice straw base portion and test desk (1) upper surface; , record the distance R of height gauge (3) to rotary disk central shaft, i-th little batten of rectangle on record height gauge (3) and the distance Hi of test desk (1) upper surface;
4) measure: against the little batten of rectangle and height gauge (3) and place ruler (4) on i-th little batten of rectangle, ruler points to the central shaft of round turntable (2), and rotate rotating disk, mobile ruler, makes one end of ruler contact with the rice straw j on rolling disc;
5) reading: assist little batten (11) by angle index reading, record height gauge (3) indicate the side of length scale face toward the angle index Thetaji of rotating disk disk; The contact point of record ruler and height gauge is to the distance NRji of ruler and rice straw j contact point;
6) step 4) ~ 5 are repeated) obtain and the N group number corresponding to N number of point on rice straw j, Hi, Thetaji, NRji), i=1 ... N;
7) cut the stem stalk surveyed, measure stem stalk diameter ri;
8) 4 are repeated) ~ 7), so obtain the N group number (Hi, Thetaji, NRji) corresponding to N number of point to each stem stalk, i=1 ... N, j=1 ... M; Remember that the one group number corresponding with on stem is (Hm, Thetam, NRm)
9) translation: Hi be measurement point on stem stalk to the distance of test desk (1) upper surface, make translation H1i=Hi-Lb, obtain the distance of the measurement point on stem stalk to rice straw base portion, be still designated as Hi for convenience of H1i; NRji is ruler and the distance of the contact point of record height gauge to ruler and rice straw contact point, and make translation Rji=R-NRji, contact point is to the distance of the central shaft of round turntable (2);
10) adjust: R1ji=Rji-ri is adjusted to Rji, be still designated as Rji for convenience of R1j, obtain the array (Hi, Thetaji, Rji) of the some correspondence on stem stalk central shaft;
11) coordinate transformation: make (xij, yij, zij)=(Rjisin(Thetaji), Rjicos(Thetaji), Hi), circular cylindrical coordinate is converted into rectangular coordinate;
12) stem stalk curve: utilize the data recorded, write out the equation of each rice straw.To straight stem stalk, calculate stem stalk slope, write out the point slope form equation of straight line; To bending stem stalk, according to parametric equation x=a
1+ b
1z+ c
1z
2, y=a
2+ b
2z+ c
2z
2, write out the spatial parameter equation of stem stalk;
13) whole computation process is by matlab programming realization.
As shown in Figure 7, measure the azimuthal method of rice leaf, its step is as follows:
1) measurement mechanism is placed: place measurement mechanism in horizontal table top;
2) rice strain is placed: also mark north circle basin with diameter 15 cm and load onto the native rice strain of band, be positioned on round turntable (2), make rice strain stem base vertical, the round north of basin and the zero graduation degree of round turntable (2);
3) measure: against height gauge (3) side, horizontal survey platform (1) places Digit Display Angle Ruler, the central shaft pointing to round turntable (2) of bevel protractor, rotate rotating disk, mobile ruler, make it in the contact of leaf knot, counterclockwise adjustment another side is parallel with face, vein place;
5) reading: record height gauge (3) indicates the side of length scale institute and faces toward the angle index Theta1 of rotating disk disk, records the reading Theta2 of Digit Display Angle Ruler;
6) calculate: rice leaf direction angle is Theta=Theta1-Theta2.
Use the utility model apparatus and method to measure nutrition rice straw locus, each stem stalk measures the position of four points, and four points are divided into two groups, often organizes two points.First group of two point by the space line of matching rice straw central shaft, and predict the volume coordinate of second group of two point.Compare as inspection using the predicted value of second group of two point and measured value, data are shown in Fig. 8, and result shows that the predicted value of X-coordinate and Y-coordinate and the maximum deviation of measured value are 0.70 millimeter and 0.74 millimeter.For visual representation test effect, make rice straw locus diagram in conjunction with culm length, see Fig. 9.
Use the utility model apparatus and method to measure rice strain leaf vegetative growth phase position angle, guide for use dish is measured simultaneously.Two kinds of measurement results compare as Figure 10, and result shows that the maximum deviation of two kinds of metering systems is 3 °.
From above-mentioned device of the present utility model structure and measuring method and measurement effect analysis, the utility model device cost of manufacture is low, and apparatus design is exquisite, and simply, efficiency is higher, and image data is effective in data acquisition.Therefore, the utility model for paddy rice strain shape simulation and optimal design provide rice straw locus and leaf bearing data collection needed for device and method.
Claims (1)
1. rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf, is characterized in that main body comprises test desk (1), round turntable (2), height gauge (3), ruler (8), bevel protractor (9); Described test desk (1) is plane solid wood board, test desk (1) is fixed a circular rotating shaft (4); Circular rotating shaft (4) is the center of the square plank (10) of 20 centimetres by a length of side, and square plank (10) upper surface is smooth, is fixed on test desk; Described round turntable (2) diameter is 15 centimetres, there is a circular hole (5) at center, with 360 degree of angle index (6) on disk, circular hole (5) is measure-alike with circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) is placed on square plank (10) by circular rotating shaft (4), round turntable (2) face is parallel with measurement table top, and can rotate around circular rotating shaft (4); Described height gauge is the rectangle batten of 75 centimeter length, is vertically fixed on test desk (1), and a side plane of height gauge (3) indicates length scale from bottom to up, height gauge (3) secures 7 and is parallel to the little batten of equidistant rectangle (7) measuring table top; Secure an angle index reading between height gauge (3) and square plank (10) and assist little batten (11), angle index reading assists a side of little batten (11) and the graduated side of height gauge (3) subscript in same plane, and this plane is by the axle center of round turntable (2); Described ruler (8) is while change the transparent plastic ruler of hypotenuse into; Described bevel protractor (9) is Digit Display Angle Ruler.
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| CN201520245925.2U CN204705334U (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | A kind of rice straw locus and the azimuthal measurement mechanism of rice leaf |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104729442A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-06-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Device and method for measuring spatial positions of rice straw and azimuth angles of rice leaves |
| CN109099866A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of inclined plant amount identification device of tactilely-perceptible rice strain |
-
2015
- 2015-04-22 CN CN201520245925.2U patent/CN204705334U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104729442A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-06-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Device and method for measuring spatial positions of rice straw and azimuth angles of rice leaves |
| CN104729442B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-05-10 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for measuring spatial positions of rice straw and azimuth angles of rice leaves through device for measuring spatial positions of rice straw and azimuth angles of rice leaves |
| CN109099866A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-28 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of inclined plant amount identification device of tactilely-perceptible rice strain |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151014 Termination date: 20170422 |