CN204630249U - 氮气回收装置 - Google Patents
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
- F25J2260/42—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery
- F25J2260/44—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen for cooling purposes
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种氮气回收装置，属于气体回收技术领域。本实用新型包括顺次管路连通的真空储罐、汽化器、缓冲罐、循环压缩机、增压透平膨胀机、后冷却器、主换热器、液氮储槽，真空储罐还通过管路经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐；管路经后冷却器后一路经主换热器与液氮储槽直接连通，另一路依次经主换热器、增压透平膨胀机、再经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐；液氮储槽通过管路与主换热器连通，并经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐。其工艺流程简单、安装操作简便、使用维护容易，能够对排放的氮气进行回收，减少污染，节能降耗，利于企业的可持续发展，具有广泛的通用性。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型属于气体回收技术领域，尤其是一种氮气回收装置。
背景技术
七一八所特气工程部三氟化氮生产中每年液氮用量在8900t左右，目前主要是外购，受市场波动影响较大，当市场供需紧张时，则存在不能保证该所的正常需求的风险，同时价格也会上涨，给该所三氟化氮生产带来了很多不确定性。而且，随着特气二期工程的推进，以及相关项目如六氟化钨、三氟甲磺酸等陆续建成，预计液氮的需求量每年降噪35000t以上。在这种情况下，液氮如果还大量外购，将成为特气工程部发展的瓶颈。
由于目前该所特气工程部的特种气体生产工艺所限，液氮在经过使用后转变成的氮气没有进行回收利用，而且全部排空释放，造成一定程度的浪费，也不利于节约成本和资源的综合利用。
而且，由于目前市场上的液氮主要生产方式是由空气分离后得到，这种生产工艺首先需要将常温空气经过绝热膨胀达到约-200℃，然后将液态空气通过精馏的方式分别得到液氧、液氮和液氩。这种生产方式不仅工艺复杂，且需要消耗燃煤，而原料煤不仅属于有限的资源，更是造成大气污染的大户，不利于节能减排和可持续发展。
实用新型内容
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种氮气回收装置，其工艺流程简单、安装操作简便、使用维护容易，能够对排放的氮气进行回收，减少污染，节能降耗，利于企业的可持续发展，具有广泛的通用性。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型所采取的技术方案是：一种氮气回收装置，包括顺次管路连通的真空储罐、汽化器、缓冲罐、循环压缩机、增压透平膨胀机、后冷却器、主换热器、液氮储槽，真空储罐还通过管路经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐；管路经后冷却器后一路经主换热器与液氮储槽直接连通，另一路依次经主换热器、增压透平膨胀机、再经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐；液氮储槽通过管路与主换热器连通，并经主换热器后循环连通至缓冲罐。
进一步的，所述的管路均为真空保温管道。
进一步的，在各连通的管路上均设有控制阀。
进一步的，真空储罐和缓冲罐上安装有压力表，液氮储槽上安装有液位计。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于：本实用新型相比现有以空气为原料制取液氮的工艺，直接以氮气为原料，省去了分子筛净化及低温精馏工艺，使得工艺流程简单、安装操作简便、使用维护容易；同时由于原料氮气的温度为-100℃，不需要从常温降低到-200℃，节省大量燃料煤，能源消耗大大降低；且能够对排放的氮气进行回收，减少对大气造成的污染，节能降耗，利于企业的可持续发展，具有广泛的通用性。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的系统结构原理图；
图中：1、真空储罐；2、汽化器；3、缓冲罐；4、循环压缩机；5、增压透平膨胀机；6、液氮储槽；7、主换热器；8、后冷却器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细的说明。
本实用新型以三氟化氮生产装置中产生的尾气---氮气为例，详细说明工艺流程。
参见图1所示，本实用新型主要由汽化氮气回收系统、液化系统、液氮储存系统组成。汽化氮气回收系统主要是将三氟化氮工艺中的汽化氮气通过真空保温管道送至真空储罐1收集并保温。在启动阶段，真空储罐1中的低温氮气经管路进入汽化器2汽化至常温，然后送入缓冲罐3和循环压缩机4进行压缩。在循环平衡建立起来后，将真空储罐1中回收的氮气直接送入主换热器7中复热，复热后再进入缓冲罐3经氮气压缩机压缩。
液化系统中，是进入缓冲罐3的氮气，经循环压缩机4吸入并压缩至1.1MPa，经后冷却器8进入增压透平膨胀机5进行增压，增压后的压缩气体分为两路，大部分气体进入主换热器7的冷箱与反流气体换热，冷却至140K左右---K为开氏温度单位，再次进入增压透平膨胀机5膨胀制冷，膨胀后的氮气经主换热器7复热返回循环压缩机4前的缓冲罐3进入下一个制冷循环；同时，另一部分氮气经主换热器7冷却液化，节流后一部分作为液氮产品送出主换热器7的冷箱，而汽化的氮气则重新返回缓冲罐3，进入下一个制冷循环。
液氮储存系统中，自主换热器7的冷箱送出液氮进入液氮储槽6储存供生产使用，同时少量的汽化氮气经主换热器7，返回缓冲罐3，进入下一个制冷循环。
所述的管路均为真空保温管道。
在各连通的管路上均设有控制阀。
真空储罐1和缓冲罐3上安装有压力表，液氮储槽6为真空绝热槽，液氮储槽6上安装有液位计。
本实用新型的原料为高纯三氟化氮生产工艺中产生的氮气，其温度为-100℃，与现有的采用以空气分离得到液氮的生产工艺中相比，具有以下优点：首先，采用纯度为99.999﹪氮气直接作为原料，在制造步骤上省略了的分子筛净化以及低温精馏；其次，在降低温度方面只需从-100℃降至-200℃，而不是从常温降至-200℃。因此，每年可节约药100t标煤，另外，储存、运输过程中的跑冒滴漏、自然损耗以及国内现有生产工艺还需要低温精馏等工程，能源消耗量极大。因此本实用新型在节能减排方面有积极的作用。
同时，与国内外同类技术相比，其工艺流程较为简洁，主要工艺流程为：氮气回收、压缩、膨胀机增压、制冷、氮气液化和储存，设备安全简便、安全、维护方便、无污染、绿色环保，属于国内较先进的技术水平。
Claims (4)
1.一种氮气回收装置，其特征在于，包括顺次管路连通的真空储罐（1）、汽化器（2）、缓冲罐（3）、循环压缩机（4）、增压透平膨胀机（5）、后冷却器（8）、主换热器（7）、液氮储槽（6），真空储罐（1）还通过管路经主换热器（7）后循环连通至缓冲罐（3）；管路经后冷却器（8）后一路经主换热器（7）与液氮储槽（6）直接连通，另一路依次经主换热器（7）、增压透平膨胀机（5）、再经主换热器（7）后循环连通至缓冲罐（3）；液氮储槽（6）通过管路与主换热器（7）连通，并经主换热器（7）后循环连通至缓冲罐（3）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氮气回收装置，其特征在于，所述的管路均为真空保温管道。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氮气回收装置，其特征在于，在各连通的管路上均设有控制阀。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氮气回收装置，其特征在于，真空储罐（1）和缓冲罐（3）上安装有压力表，液氮储槽（6）上安装有液位计。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106568298A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-19 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | 一种焦炉气制lng联产合成氨装置及控制方法 |
| CN111108335A (zh) * | 2017-08-21 | 2020-05-05 | 通用电气石油和天然气有限责任公司 | 制冷剂和氮气回收 |
| CN113865909A (zh) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-31 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | 一种制冷膨胀机性能测试装置 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106568298A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-19 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | 一种焦炉气制lng联产合成氨装置及控制方法 |
| CN111108335A (zh) * | 2017-08-21 | 2020-05-05 | 通用电气石油和天然气有限责任公司 | 制冷剂和氮气回收 |
| CN113865909A (zh) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-31 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | 一种制冷膨胀机性能测试装置 |
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