CN204572365U - Broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system - Google Patents
Broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez and to pause type tower-type solar thermal power generating system, this system retains supercritical carbon dioxide tower-type solar thermal power generating system fluid pressurization, enclosed Boulez pause circulation advantage, eliminate its system pressure too high, the shortcoming that critical temperature is too low, adopt the heat absorption working medium of extracted steam from turbine as the cavity type receiver of tower-type solar thermal power generating system of high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle, utilize the characteristic of liquid water incompressible fluid, fabulous temperature conductivity characteristic, supercharging is carried out by the feed water pump of temperature end steam Rankine cycle, significantly reduce the supercharging power consumption of heat absorption working medium, form the enclosed Boulez of broad sense to pause circulation, bottom Rankine cycle to be paused the heat that discharges of circulating for absorbing enclosed Boulez, thus formation efficiency is higher, Economy better broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses circulating solar energy heat generating system.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of tower type solar and focuses on heat generating system, is specifically related to a kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez and pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system.
Background technique
Along with renewable energy utilization is global flourish, solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) and photovoltaic solar generate electricity (PV) obtain and develop faster.Utilize solar energy power generating, the shorter light of wavelength can only be made to be utilized, the longer light of wavelength is wasted completely, and the temperature of battery is raised, cause the decrease in efficiency of battery, and utilize solar light-heat power-generation, can make full use of the sunlight of whole wavelength, thus solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) is progressively by people are familiar with, are studied and are paid attention to.Solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) is compared photovoltaic solar generating (PV) and is had the outstanding features such as scale is large, concentration degree is high, efficiency is high, but the common issue faced how to reduce cost of investment and how to improve generating efficiency and then reduce cost of electricity-generating, especially reduces cost of investment and improve the focus that generating efficiency just becomes two kinds of solar energy generation technology competitions.
Solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) mainly contains slot type, dish-style and three kinds of hot power generation modes such as tower.Wherein groove type solar heat build-up generating (CSP) realizes commercialization, and U.S. SEGS power station and Spain AndaSol power station have had the experience of commercialized running; This technology mainly adopts conduction oil to be heat-transfer working medium, generates electricity through conduction oil heat exchange rear driving conventional steam turbine drive electrical generators group.Because current conduction oil operating temperature must control at about 400 DEG C, exceed this temperature and will cause the problems such as conduction oil cracking, viscosity raising and heat transfer efficiency reduction, because which limit operating temperature and the generating efficiency of groove type solar heat build-up generating.
Dish solar thermal power system, based on single rotational paraboloid mirror, forms complete optically focused, thermal-arrest and a generator unit.Adopt double-axis tracking device, its focusing ratio is generally between 1000 ~ 3000.Heat sink solar radiation also converts thereof into heat energy, heats heat absorption working medium, drives heat engine (as gas turbine, Stirling engine or other type turbine etc.), realizes photoelectric conversion.The power of current single dish-style system mostly is 5 ~ 50kW, and peak electrical generation efficiency can reach 29%, and in the various modes of solar energy thermal-power-generating, it is most effective.Dish solar thermal power system is mainly used in distributing power system, although multiple dish-style device can be formed a larger power generation system, they remain mini-system in principle, is not easy to maximize; Also be not suitable for the dynamic power machine of Dish solar thermal power system at present, its application receives certain restriction simultaneously.Dish solar thermal power system is other modes relatively, and have the advantages such as modular flexible deployment ability, higher focusing ratio and generating total efficiency, when its shortcoming is maximization heat build-up generating, cost is more much higher than the tower-type solar thermal power generating system with scale.
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system, also claims concentrated solar heat power generation system.The citation form of solar energy tower type thermal generation system is the heliostat group utilizing the independently tracked sun, by solar ray collecting on the receiver being fixed on top of tower, in order to produce high temperature, heating working medium produces superheated vapor or high-temperature gas, driving steam turbine generator set or Gas Turbine Generating Units generating, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy.The huge heliostat field be made up of many heliostats, its area is very large, and focusing ratio is very high, and a receiver can collect the radiation power of 100MW, and running temperature can reach 1000 ~ 1500 DEG C.Hot fluid in order to absorb solar thermal energy has water, fused salt, air etc. usually.Corresponding different hot fluids, the type of tower type solar receiver is also different:
(1) hot fluid is the system of water (water vapour)
Using water (water vapour) as the tower-type solar thermal power generating system of hot fluid, directly utilize the steam generating equipment of the similar station boiler of solar energy heating focused on.In such a system, feedwater is once after the preheating of tower type solar receiver, evaporation, the heat exchanger surface such as overheated, and become the acting working medium of Rankine cycle steam turbine, drive electrical generators generates electricity; After the steam discharge of steam turbine is sent to and condenses into water in vapour condenser, be again sent in receiver by feed water pump.For ensureing the stability of producing steam, steam regenerative system being usually set, sun-drenched time, unnecessary steam heat being stored in heat-accumulator tank, thus ensure the stable of system operational parameters.Due to transient characteristic and the skewness of incident solar radiation, the heat absorption tube be arranged in receiver often leaks.
The tower type solar cogeneration power plant of the current employing live steam mode of production mainly comprises the Eurelios power station of Italian 0.75MW, the CESA-1 power station of Spain 1.2MW, the Solar One power station of U.S. 10MW, the PS10 power station etc. of Spain 11MW.
(2) hot fluid is the system of fused salt
In order to avoid the receiver of the tower type solar power generation system of the live steam mode of production leaks, simultaneously in order to obtain higher operating temperature, fused salt can be adopted as the heat recipient fluid in receiver.Fused salt is used to have the MSEE power station of the U.S. and Solar Two power station, Hispanic Solar TRES power station etc. as the tower type solar power station of hot fluid.Solar Two is a practicability project in order to advance tower type solar power generation system commercialized development, for promoting that significant contribution has been made in the development of tower/fused salt solar energy thermal-power-generating technology.
But fused salt also exists certain shortcoming, namely have pyrolysis and etching problem, associated materials must be high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, makes system cost increase, reliability reduction; Fused salt also has low temperature freezing problem, must be incubated relevant device, preheating and companion heat etc., the energy consumption of system is increased.The fused salt research of novel crystallization point below 100 DEG C merits attention, as the fused salt of crystallization point below 100 DEG C is being studied in U.S. Sang Diya laboratory, if successfully will be hopeful to replace conduction oil.
(3) hot fluid is the system of air
Tower type solar power generation system using air as heat-absorbing medium, can reach higher operating temperature.Receiver adopts cavity type receiver usually.Tower type solar power generation system using air as heat-absorbing medium can adopt following two kinds of working methods.
Working method is that the hot air produced in receiver is applied to a Rankine cycle heat and power system, as shown in Figure 2.Within the system, receiver ambient air and absorb the solar radiation from solar energy mirror field from the return air of gas fan in Receiver, heat recovery steam production system (Heat Recovery Steam Generating is sent to by the hot air after heating, HRSG), the steam produced in HRSG is sent in steam turbine and does work, and drive electrical generators generates electricity.After hot air transfers heat to working medium in HRSG, become Cryogenic air, be then again sent in the receiver of tower top by gas fan.The shortcoming of this system adopts low-pressure air as heat-absorbing medium, adsorber bulky, and the vapor (steam) temperature of steam Rankine cycle generator set is limited by resistant to elevated temperatures material, thus for the vapor (steam) temperature of steam Rankine cycle also not more than 625 DEG C.Its flow process as shown in Figure 2
Another kind of working method the hot air produced in receiver is applied to Boulez pauses-Rankine association circulating power generation system.Directly high-pressure air can be heated to 1000 DEG C with the propelling gas turbine engine that gets on, the gas after propelling gas turbine engine still has higher temperature, then generates water vapour by heat exchanger heats water, and water vapour removes pushing turbine again, effectively utilizes heat.Also the high-pressure air after the heating of cavity type receiver directly can be sent into firing chamber, enter gas turbine power generation further after heating, the exhaust of gas turbine enters bottom Rankine cycle and generates electricity.
Europe and Israel comparatively pay close attention to as the heat transfer technology of tower type solar power generation system of heat-absorbing medium and the research of heat storage technology employing air, and carried out some famous research projects, as Phoebus-TSA, SOLAIR and DIAPR etc., achieve certain achievement in research.The Germany J ü lich power station of putting into operation in 2009 is a verification experimental verification power station, be also in the world first adopt air as the tower type solar power generation system of heat transfer medium.The operating diagram in power station as shown in Figure 3.
Development zone, Nanjing of China Jiangning and Israel's R & D Cooperation build up domestic seat of honour 70kw tower type solar energy thermal power generation demonstration project, successfully generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems in by the end of October, 2005 in, this is China first the tower type solar energy thermal power generation station adopting brayton cycle principle to set up.This power station makes heat-transfer working medium by solar energy cavity type receiver with air, be aided with rock gas and small size gas turbine takes the lead in achieving the thermal electric generator utilizing solar energy and brayton cycle combine with technique, the tower height of its tower system is 33 meters, 32 specular cross sections are adopted to be the heliostat of 19.6 ㎡, the export temperature of receiver is 900 DEG C, inlet pressure is 0.4MPa, and test peak conversion efficiency is 85%, and gas turbine thermoelectrical efficiency is 28.5%.But because cavity-type solar receiver entrance is too little, intake temperature is difficult to the reason such as supporting with combustion gas, causes experiment effect not reach re-set target.But the high thermoelectrical efficiency of gas turbine merits attention, after obviously solving the problems such as matching, will be the tower-type solar thermal power generating system that there is application prospect pole." Tulip " small-sized tower type solar energy thermal power generation Test item that Israel and Australia implement is actual is the continuation of this technology.At present, the 1MW tower type solar power generation project undertaken by Yanqing County of Beijing county, Chinese Academy of Sciences electrician place just in test.
The integrated power generation system etc. that integrated solar power generation system comprises solar energy assisted coal fired power generation system, integrated solar mixes with photovoltaic generation with underground heat integrated power generation system, solar energy and wind energy integrated system and solar light-heat power-generation with combined cycle generation system of fuel gas-steam, solar energy heat utilization.Solar energy assisted coal fired power generation system be by solar thermal collector and common coal-burning power plant integrated, utilize solar energy heating feed water or in parallel with a certain bringing-up section of boiler come heating steam, to reduce coal consumption during equal number electrical energy production, its advantage is that less investment, accomplish stable power generation are good, shortcoming is the restriction being limited by feedwater or steam heating temperature, still belongs to the low-grade utilization of solar energy.Integrated solar and combined cycle generation system of fuel gas-steam mainly comprise solar energy whole combined cycle system, utilize the integrated system of solar energy preheated air, utilize the integrated system of solar energy reform fuel gas and utilize solar energy to realize the integrated system of gasification.Chinese patent 201120430468.6 solar energy and the complementary stored-energy thermal power generation device of wind energy complementary stored-energy thermal power generation device, 201120430469.0 solar energy and gasification of biomass etc. provide multiple integrated solar power generation system.
Cheng's cycle (Cheng Cycle), also known as double-work medium gas turbine cycle or shunted combined cycle, is proposed in 1974 by the large doctor chief of a tribe of Chinese American's journey.The thermodynamic system of Cheng's cycle as shown in Figure 4, in figure: C-gas compressor, B-firing chamber, T-combustion gas turbine, HRSG-exhaust heat boiler.The performance of this circulation both with by the waste heat boiler type combined cycle that simple gas turbine circulates and simple steam turbine is stacked had very big difference, and also circulate with regenerative-type gas turbine very big difference.Compared with adopting the gas turbine cycle of air backheating, the maximum feature of this circulation weakens the restriction to gas turbine pressure ratio.The exhaust heat adopting the gas turbine of air backheating is reclaimed by the air compressed through gas compressor, and the temperature of blower outlet air must lower than the temperature of turbine exhaust.Which limits the raising of gas turbine pressure ratio.And in Cheng's cycle, the exhaust heat of gas turbine adopts the very low water of temperature to reclaim, there is no such restriction at all.This feature makes gas turbine can adopt higher pressure ratio, and can reach higher efficiency.Simultaneously, because liquid water is that a kind of specific heat is large, incompressible fluid, so the part or all of steam injection gas-turbine combustion chamber that liquid water vaporization is produced, can under the prerequisite of many consumption minute quantity compression works, increase substantially flow and the power of gas turbine, thus make gas turbine obtain larger ratio merit.In addition, because steam injection firing chamber is conducive to reducing flame temperature, so nitrogen oxide emission is low; Heat-transfer coefficient again due to the flue gas containing water vapour is high, so the good effect of heat exchange of its exhaust heat boiler, efficiency are high.LM2500-PH STIG type Cheng's cycle unit with industrial group peculiar to vessel for GE, its important technological parameters: prime power 28060kw, power supply efficiency 41.02%, pressure ratio 20.2, air mass flow 75.75kg/s, turbine inlet temperature is 807.2 DEG C, injects steam 22680kg/h.The steam injected and the mass ratio of air are: 22680/(75.75*3600)=8.32%, the steam rates obviously mixed is not low.It should be noted that the thermal insulating material of firing chamber still can safe operation when having the steam of high-load in flue gas.
The major defect of Cheng's cycle enters air containing a large amount of water vapour in flue gas, need a large amount of moisturizing, this not only needs huge water-treating equipment, and waste water resource, in general, the water usage more than waste heat boiler type combined cycle about 38% of double-work medium gas turbine cycle, steam injection water is approximately 0.2 ~ 0.4kg/(kWh).Because this unit has the occasion of its particularly suitable, so external by its commercialization, and define series product.
Japan Y.Mori teaches the HAT(Humid Air Turbine of nineteen eighty-three proposition) circulation, i.e. HAT cycle.This circulation and regenerative-type gas turbine circulate very similar, and difference is, HAT adds a feed water preheater after circulating in regenerator, and between gas compressor and regenerator, add one to water evaporimeter.Preheater utilizes the very low feedwater of temperature to absorb the heat of the flue gas of regenerator discharge, reduces temperature of exhaust fume, reduces heat release loss.Vaporizer utilizes to evaporation of water to absorb the heat of high-pressure air, to reduce air temperature, strengthens backheat effect.In this process, there is certain feedwater to become steam, and participate in circulation together with air.The size of confluent is subject to a definite limitation, maximumly can only reach the degree making high-pressure air become saturated moist air.Working medium due to this circulation is wet air, so be called as HAT cycle.Inherently see, HAT circulation is also the gas turbine cycle of a kind of double-work medium, parallel connection type, and have some advantages that Cheng's cycle has, shortcoming is also waste water resource.
" gas turbine and combustion gas-Steam Combined Cycle device " book (ISBN978-7-5083-5400-2, China Electric Power Publishing House, Beijing, 2007, the first volume, P53) a kind of closed-cycle turbine utilizing nuclear energy is described, adopt helium as cycle fluid, both as the freezing mixture of reactor, again as the working medium of gas turbine, in view of gas-cooled reactor can reach the high temperature of more than 700 DEG C, make the efficiency that circulation can reach higher.Compared with open cycle, working medium circulation and the surrounding atmosphere of closed cycle have nothing to do, and the Minimum operating pressure thus circulated can higher or lower than atmospheric pressure.In order to reduce the size of turbomachinery flow passage component, often minimum pressure is hanked higher than atmospheric pressure, such as get 0.4 ~ 0.6MPa, the stress level of visible working medium work is more much higher than open cycle, make much little than open cycle of the size of its gas compressor and turbine, the working pressure of circulation is selected high, the size mentioning huge gas boiler can also be reduced, to reduce the size of whole unit.When unit works under variable working condition in addition, can adopt the way of the mass flow rate changing working medium, make unit efficiency steady with the change of power drop, namely under sub load, unit efficiency is substantially constant within the scope of very large changed power.Tsing-Hua University of China has this kind of closed-cycle turbine to be applied to the report of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Chinese patent 201020168753.7,201210237402.6,201320792430.2,201310178790.8,201420007400.0 etc. discloses and adopts the enclosed Boulez of gas boosting mode to pause the circulatory system.
US Patent No. 7685820 " supercritical carbon dioxide concentrating solar power generation system device " details by fused salt heat exchanging and adopts supercritical carbon dioxide gas to construct as the device of power working medium, this patent is, on traditional solar molten salt heat storage and exchange basis, hot for Lang Ken cyclic steam generation technology is simply replaced with overcritical brayton cycle dynamic power, and the Chinese patent families of this patent is 200710306179.3.But it also has certain shortcoming: because the critical temperature of carbon dioxide is lower, critical pressure is higher, be respectively 31.05 DEG C, 7.53MPa, guarantee to adopt fluid pressurization mode to cycle fluid, Boulez pause circulation outlet pressure to control at 1146psi(and 7.9MPa) left and right, therefore supercritical carbon dioxide concentrating solar power generation system device must adopt higher operating pressure, lower condensing temperature, and it is high that system bears pressure.
Chinese patent 201010277740.1 discloses a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide solar heat power generation system with accumulation of heat, this patent recommends to adopt carbon dioxide booster pump that liquid carbon dioxide is pressurized at least 100bar, Boulez pauses the outlet pressure at least 80bar of carbon dioxide expanded machine in circulation, carbon dioxide condensing is liquid carbon dioxide by the condenser paused in circulation by enclosed Boulez, and the carbon dioxide condensing temperature of recommendation is≤26.85 DEG C.Obviously, when Summer Indoor temperature is higher, the operating conditions of condenser will be very harsh.
Said system have employed Boulez and to pause hot generation technology, its the most outstanding advantage is that system conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is high, main employing air, air and water vapour, helium, carbon dioxide gas are power working medium, and provide high temperature heat to run by fuel oil, combustion gas, nuclear energy, solar energy.Clearly, Boulez pauses hot generation technology not only in fuel gas generation, nuclear power field, and also will have good application prospect in solar energy thermal-power-generating field.But; for gas turbine; the wasted work of gas compressor can account for about 1/2 ~ 2/3 (" gas turbine Wet Compression performance and water droplet motion study " of combustion engine turbine expansion work usually; Harbin Engineering University; thesis for the doctorate, Sun Lanxin, in May, 2012); therefore how to reduce the power consumption of gas compressor, this be open type or enclosed Boulez pause the circulatory system be worth study direction.
The DSG technology that current international solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) field employing water directly does heat-transfer working medium has been tested for many years, the subject matter existed due to this technology is that pressure is difficult to control, and water transmits in heat collecting pipe and all there is a lot of difficulty in vaporization etc., therefore this technology be generally expected still rests on experimental stage.But as long as this problem is solved, so DSG technology is exactly minimum, the most effective solar energy thermal-power-generating technology of cost.
What be worth special concern is tower type solar power generation system using air as heat-absorbing medium, and this system adopts air as heat carrying agent.Although the heat-conductive characteristic of air is bad, its operating temperature range is large, simple to operate, avirulent, can not only be connected with steam-powered steam turbine, and can also directly utilize high temperature air to drive gas turbine, efficiency is higher; In this scheme, the light focused on is projected onto a kind of gas permeable material (such as a kind of wire braid), air is passed through from this by the material that heats, because the surface of contact of air and this thermal-arrest material is very large, therefore heat transfer is very fast, efficiency is very high, and can the high temperature of air heating to more than 700 DEG C.Obviously, as adopted water vapor to substitute air, passing through from the gas permeable material being focused light heating, the high temperature of more than 700 DEG C can be elevated to equally, Direct driver gas turbine power generation.
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system, because its light concentrating times is high, concentration of energy process simple, thermal transition efficiency advantages of higher, compared to other heat accumulation type solar heat power generation systems, is easier to realize powerful generating.
Therefore above-mentioned prior art Problems existing how is solved, give full play to the advantage that tower type solar focusing ratio is high, temperature is high, select suitable tower type solar heat absorption working medium, expand the advantage of Cheng's cycle and HAT circulation, overcome Boulez to pause the too high shortcoming of recycle gas compression power consumption, set up the higher enclosed Boulez of efficiency to pause circulating generation pattern, become the difficult point of this area research.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is for solving prior art Problems existing, a kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez is provided to pause type tower-type solar thermal power generating system, select the heat absorption working medium of extracted steam from turbine as tower type solar energy thermal power generation cavity type receiver of temperature end steam Rankine cycle, utilize the characteristic of liquid water incompressible fluid, supercharging is carried out by the feed water pump of temperature end steam Rankine cycle, significantly reduce the supercharging power consumption of heat absorption working medium, expand the advantage of Cheng's cycle and HAT circulation, reach that to set up efficiency higher, Economy better broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses the object of solar energy thermal-power-generating pattern.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following measures:
A kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system, it is characterized in that:
This system by the Rankine cycle of temperature end steam, broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation and bottom Rankine cycle form;
Described broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses to circulate and refers to the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle mesohigh steam turbine 52, send into the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system as heat absorption working medium, produce the water vapour 61 of high temperature, drive aqueous vapor turbine 62 to drag aqueous vapor turbine generator 65 to generate electricity, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy, the steam that aqueous vapor turbine 62 is discharged, be condensed into broad sense enclosed Boulez through condenser/evaporator 63 to pause circulation loop water of condensation 56, again through oxygen-eliminating device 49, boiler 51 is sent into after high pressure water pump 50 supercharging, or through high voltage terminal vapour condenser 47, condensate pump 48, oxygen-eliminating device 49, boiler 51 is sent into after high pressure water pump 50 supercharging, the superheated vapor feeding high-pressure turbine 52 of the High Temperature High Pressure that boiler 51 produces drags high pressure steam turbine generator 54 and generates electricity, the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system is sent into again from the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high-pressure turbine 52 extraction, the circulation loop thus formation broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses,
Described high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle refers to from high voltage terminal vapour condenser 47 water of condensation out through condensate pump 48, oxygen-eliminating device 49, high pressure water pump 50, boiler 51, produce the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure, enter high-pressure turbine 52 to drag high pressure turbine generator 54 and generate electricity, the exhaust steam of discharging from high-pressure turbine 52 forms water of condensation through high voltage terminal vapour condenser 47 condensation, thus forms high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle refers to that Rankine cycle working medium in bottom is after recycle pump 66 supercharging, enter the steam heat that condenser/evaporator 63 absorbs aqueous vapor turbine 62 discharge, produce overheated or saturated bottom cycle steam 67, driving steam turbine 68 drags steam turbine generator 70 and generates electricity, the steam of discharging from steam turbine 68 condenses into liquid bottom Rankine cycle working medium through vapour condenser 69, enter recycle pump 66 again, thus form bottom Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle working medium adopts water, organic low boiling working fluid, inorganic low boiling working fluid, or the low boiling working fluid of organic and inorganic mixing;
Described low boiling working fluid refers to the working medium that the boiling point that standard atmosphere is depressed is less than-10 DEG C.
Be provided with two-stage heat-storage subtense angle: described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle comprises high-temperature heat accumulation device 71, low-temperature heat accumulating device 72, from tower type solar system cavity type receiver 59 high-temperature vapor 61 out, store through all or part of sensible heat of high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 by high-temperature vapor 61, storing the steam transforming after sensible heat through high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 is saturated vapour or low overheat steam, flows to low-temperature heat accumulating device 72; Low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 stores residue sensible heat and the latent heat of steam, accumulation of heat loop condensed water 55 is converted into through low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 saturated vapour stored after latent heat, get back to oxygen-eliminating device 49, boiler 51 is sent into again after high pressure water pump 50 supercharging, the superheated vapor feeding high-pressure turbine 52 of the High Temperature High Pressure produced drags high pressure steam turbine generator 54 and generates electricity, the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system is sent into again from the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high-pressure turbine 52 extraction, produce high-temperature vapor 61, thus form working medium circulation loop, accumulation of heat loop.
Described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle is store heat when solar radiation energy is sufficient, when solar radiant energy quantity not sufficient, from broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation condenser/evaporator 63 water of condensation out, absorbing converting heat through watering cycle pump 57, low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 is saturated vapour, become overheated water vapour 61 through the further thermal conversion of high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 again, enter aqueous vapor turbine 62 and drive aqueous vapor turbine generator 65 to generate electricity.
Comprise high-temperature heat accumulation working medium in described high-temperature heat accumulation device 71, this high-temperature heat accumulation working medium includes but not limited to as fused salt, metal heat-accumulating material or resistant to elevated temperatures concrete heat-accumulating material.
Comprise low-temperature heat accumulating working medium in described low-temperature heat accumulating device 72, this low-temperature heat accumulating working medium includes but not limited to as conduction oil, high pressure saturation water or phase-change working substance.
Preferred as another kind, be provided with air or nitrogen sparge tube road: the purge gas 74 that purging motor 74 is sent is after low-temperature heat accumulating device 72, high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 heat, to pause the water vapor of the circulatory system for replacing enclosed Boulez, thus the impact of the performance such as thermal insulating material, metallic material in the circulatory system that broad sense enclosed Boulez is paused eliminated water vapor condensation and may cause.
Preferred as another kind, the input and output gas pressure ratio scope of the aqueous vapor turbine 62 that enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation is 4 ~ 16, adopt the method for operation of low-voltage high-temperature, compared to supercritical carbon dioxide tower-type solar thermal power generating system, effectively reduce the bearing capacity requirement of system, the pause Security of system and Economy of enclosed Boulez has raising by a relatively large margin.
Preferred as another kind, the condenser/evaporator 63 that enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation adopts operation under positive pressure mode, thus effectively avoids bleeding of ambient air.
Unaccounted equipment and standby system thereof in the utility model, pipeline, instrument, valve, the bypass facility etc. that is incubated, has regulatory function adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.
Be provided with and the safety of the utility model system support, regulating controller, the Mature Regulation technology in existing solar heat power generation system, steam Rankine cycle power generation system, Cheng's cycle or combined cycle generation system of fuel gas-steam is adopted to carry out supporting, make broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation solar heat power generation system energy economy, safety, high-efficiency operation, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing object.
the utility model compared to existing technology tool has the following advantages:
1, retain supercritical carbon dioxide tower-type solar thermal power generating system fluid pressurization, enclosed Boulez pause circulation advantage, eliminate its system pressure too high, the shortcoming that critical temperature is too low, adopt the heat absorption working medium of extracted steam from turbine as the cavity type receiver of tower-type solar thermal power generating system of high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle, utilize the characteristic of liquid water incompressible fluid, fabulous temperature conductivity characteristic, supercharging is carried out by the feed water pump of temperature end steam Rankine cycle, significantly reduce the supercharging power consumption of heat absorption working medium, expand broad sense enclosed Boulez that Cheng's cycle forms whole water vapour to pause circulation, thus formation efficiency is higher, Economy better broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulating solar energy heat generating new mode,
2, the circulation of pausing of enclosed Boulez adopts operation under positive pressure mode, avoid bleeding of surrounding atmosphere, simplify enclosed Boulez pause circulation deoxygenation requirement, utilize supporting bottom Rankine cycle effectively to reclaim enclosed Boulez to pause the latent heat of vaporization of water vapour discharged in circulation simultaneously, eliminate the shortcoming that Cheng's cycle water usage is large;
3, the advantage (ZL200710175970.5 is with the tower-type solar thermal power generating system of two-stage heat-storage) of Engineering Thermophysics research institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences tower type solar energy thermal power generation two-stage heat-storage technology is retained, expand its application area, be applied to the brand-new circulatory system of more than 700 DEG C, eliminate solar radiation instability, affect larger shortcoming by changes of weather and seasonal variations, ensure the stable of system operational parameters;
4, the variable parameter operation regulating power of combined cycle system is strong, when unit works under variable working condition, way or the two-stage heat-storage operation adjusting meaning of the mass flow rate of the extracted steam from turbine changing the Rankine cycle of high voltage terminal steam can be adopted, make unit efficiency steady with the change of power drop, namely under sub load, unit efficiency is substantially constant within the scope of very large changed power;
5, the input and output gas pressure ratio scope of aqueous vapor turbine that enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation is 4 ~ 16, adopt the method for operation of low-voltage high-temperature, the operating temperature of water vapour is 700 DEG C ~ 1500 DEG C, bottom steam Rankine cycle adopts organic rankie cycle or the circulation of card Linne, the advantage that in utilization, low temperature range is much higher compared with water vapor Rankine cycle efficiency, the supporting exclusive purge system that circulates and combination and broad sense enclosed Boulez pause, thus guarantee the Security that combined cycle system is run and Economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez of the present utility model pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system schematic flow sheet;
In Fig. 1: 47-high voltage terminal vapour condenser, 48-condensate pump, 49-oxygen-eliminating device, 50-high pressure water pump, 51-boiler, 52-high-pressure turbine, 53-extracted steam from turbine, 54-high pressure steam turbine generator, 55-accumulation of heat loop condensed water, 56-broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses circulation loop water of condensation, 57-watering cycle pump, feed water in 58-accumulation of heat loop, 59-cavity type receiver, 60-solar energy heliostat field, 61-water vapour, 62-aqueous vapor turbine, 63-condenser/evaporator, 65-aqueous vapor turbine generator, 66-recycle pump, 67-bottom cycle steam, 68-steam turbine, 69-vapour condenser, 70-steam turbine generator, 71-high-temperature heat accumulation device, 72-low-temperature heat accumulating device, 73-purging motor, 74-purge gas.
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system working principle (the power generation system employing Rankine cycle) schematic flow sheet of Fig. 2 to be a kind of with air be hot fluid.
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system working principle (the power generation system employing combined cycle) schematic flow sheet of Fig. 3 to be a kind of with air be hot fluid.
Fig. 4 is a kind of Cheng's cycle thermodynamic system schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 5 is a kind of HAT cycling hot Force system schematic flow sheet;
In Fig. 5: 1-low pressure compressor, 2-high-pressure compressor, 3-combustion gas turbine, 4-firing chamber, 5-regenerator, 6-preheater, 7-vaporizer, 8-waterback pump, 9-aftercooler, 10-inter cooler.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of broad sense enclosed Boulez of the present utility model pauses type tower-type solar thermal power generating system schematic flow sheet.This system by the Rankine cycle of temperature end steam, broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation and bottom Rankine cycle form;
Described broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses to circulate and refers to the heat absorption working medium of the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle mesohigh steam turbine 52 as the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system, produce the water vapour 61 of high temperature, drive aqueous vapor turbine 62 to drag aqueous vapor turbine generator 65 to generate electricity, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy; The steam that aqueous vapor turbine 62 is discharged, be condensed into broad sense enclosed Boulez through condenser/evaporator 63 to pause circulation loop water of condensation 56, boiler 51 is sent into again after oxygen-eliminating device 49, high pressure water pump 50 supercharging, the superheated vapor feeding high-pressure turbine 52 of the High Temperature High Pressure that boiler 51 produces drags high pressure steam turbine generator 54 and generates electricity, the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system is sent into again, the circulation loop thus formation broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses from the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high-pressure turbine 52 extraction;
Described high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle refers to from high voltage terminal vapour condenser 47 water of condensation out through condensate pump 48, oxygen-eliminating device 49, high pressure water pump 50, boiler 51, produce the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure, enter high-pressure turbine 52 to drag high pressure turbine generator 54 and generate electricity, the exhaust steam of discharging from high-pressure turbine 52 forms water of condensation through high voltage terminal vapour condenser 47 condensation, thus forms high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle refers to that Rankine cycle working medium in bottom is after recycle pump 66 supercharging, enter the steam heat that condenser/evaporator 63 absorbs aqueous vapor turbine 62 discharge, produce overheated or saturated bottom cycle steam 67, driving steam turbine 68 drags steam turbine generator 70 and generates electricity, the steam of discharging from steam turbine 68 condenses into liquid bottom Rankine cycle working medium through vapour condenser 69, enter recycle pump 66 again, thus form bottom Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle working medium adopts organic working medium.
Be provided with two-stage heat-storage subtense angle: described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle comprises high-temperature heat accumulation device 71, low-temperature heat accumulating device 72, from tower type solar system cavity type receiver 59 high-temperature vapor 61 out, store through all or part of sensible heat of high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 by high-temperature vapor 61, storing the steam transforming after sensible heat through high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 is saturated vapour or low overheat steam, flows to low-temperature heat accumulating device 72; Low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 stores residue sensible heat and the latent heat of steam, accumulation of heat loop condensed water 55 is converted into through low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 saturated vapour stored after latent heat, get back to oxygen-eliminating device 49, boiler 51 is sent into again after high pressure water pump 50 supercharging, the superheated vapor feeding high-pressure turbine 52 of the High Temperature High Pressure produced drags high pressure steam turbine generator 54 and generates electricity, the cavity type receiver 59 of tower-type solar thermal power generating system is sent into again from the extracted steam from turbine 53 of high-pressure turbine 52 extraction, produce high-temperature vapor 61, thus form working medium circulation loop, accumulation of heat loop.
Described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle is store heat when solar radiation energy is sufficient, when solar radiant energy quantity not sufficient, from broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation condenser/evaporator 63 water of condensation out, absorbing converting heat through watering cycle pump 57, low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 is saturated vapour, become overheated water vapour 61 through the further thermal conversion of high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 again, enter aqueous vapor turbine 62 and drive aqueous vapor turbine generator 65 to generate electricity.
Comprise high-temperature heat accumulation working medium in described high-temperature heat accumulation device 71, this high-temperature heat accumulation working medium adopts resistant to elevated temperatures concrete heat-accumulating material.The low-temperature heat accumulating working medium of described low-temperature heat accumulating device 72 adopts high pressure saturation water.
Be provided with air or nitrogen sparge tube road: the purge gas 74 that purging motor 74 is sent is after low-temperature heat accumulating device 72, high-temperature heat accumulation device 71 heat, to pause the water vapor of the circulatory system for replacing enclosed Boulez, thus the impact of the performance such as thermal insulating material, metallic material in the circulatory system that broad sense enclosed Boulez is paused eliminated water vapor condensation and may cause.
Preferred as one, the input and output gas pressure ratio scope of the aqueous vapor turbine 62 that enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation is 4 ~ 16, adopt the method for operation of low-voltage high-temperature, compared to supercritical carbon dioxide tower-type solar thermal power generating system, effectively reduce the bearing capacity requirement of system, the pause Security of system and Economy of enclosed Boulez has raising by a relatively large margin.
Preferred as another kind, the condenser/evaporator 63 that enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation adopts operation under positive pressure mode, thus effectively avoids bleeding of ambient air.
Unaccounted equipment and standby system thereof in the utility model, pipeline, instrument, valve, the bypass facility etc. that is incubated, has regulatory function adopt known mature technology to carry out supporting.Be provided with the safety supporting with present system, regulating controller, the Mature Regulation technology in existing solar heat power generation system, steam Rankine cycle power generation system, Cheng's cycle or combined cycle generation system of fuel gas-steam is adopted to carry out supporting, make enclosed Boulez pause circulation solar heat power generation system energy economy, safety, high-efficiency operation, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing object.
Although the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above; but they are not for limiting the utility model; anyly be familiar with related domain technical professional; without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; various simple modification, equivalent variations can be made, still belong to the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses a type tower-type solar thermal power generating system, and this system comprises the Rankine cycle of temperature end steam, broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses circulation and bottom Rankine cycle, is characterized in that;
The circulation of pausing of described broad sense enclosed Boulez refers to the extracted steam from turbine (53) of high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle mesohigh steam turbine (52), send into cavity type receiver (59) as heat absorption working medium, produce the water vapour (61) of high temperature, drive aqueous vapor turbine (62) to drag aqueous vapor turbine generator (65) generating, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy, the steam that aqueous vapor turbine (62) is discharged, be condensed into broad sense enclosed Boulez through condenser/evaporator (63) to pause circulation loop water of condensation (56), again through oxygen-eliminating device (49), boiler (51) is sent into after high pressure water pump (50) supercharging, or through high voltage terminal vapour condenser (47), condensate pump (48), oxygen-eliminating device (49), boiler (51) is sent into after high pressure water pump (50) supercharging, the superheated vapor that boiler (51) produces is sent into high-pressure turbine (52) and is dragged high pressure steam turbine generator (54) generating, the extracted steam from turbine (53) extracted out from high-pressure turbine (52) sends into cavity type receiver (59) again, the circulation loop thus formation broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses,
Described high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle refers to from high voltage terminal vapour condenser (47) water of condensation out, through condensate pump (48), oxygen-eliminating device (49), high pressure water pump (50), boiler (51), produce the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure, enter high-pressure turbine (52) and drag high pressure turbine generator (54) generating, the exhaust steam of discharging from high-pressure turbine (52) forms water of condensation through high voltage terminal vapour condenser (47) condensation, thus forms high voltage terminal steam Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle refers to that Rankine cycle working medium in bottom is after recycle pump (66) supercharging, enter the steam heat that condenser/evaporator (63) absorption aqueous vapor turbine (62) is discharged, produce overheated or saturated bottom cycle steam (67), driving steam turbine (68) drags steam turbine generator (70) generating, the steam of discharging from steam turbine (68) condenses into liquid bottom Rankine cycle working medium through vapour condenser (69), return recycle pump (66), thus form bottom Rankine cycle circuit;
Described bottom Rankine cycle working medium adopts water, organic low boiling working fluid, inorganic low boiling working fluid, or the low boiling working fluid of organic and inorganic mixing;
Described low boiling working fluid refers to the working medium that the boiling point that standard atmosphere is depressed is less than-10 DEG C.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Be provided with two-stage heat-storage subtense angle:
Described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle comprises high-temperature heat accumulation device (71), low-temperature heat accumulating device (72), from cavity type receiver (59) high-temperature vapor out (61), store through all or part of sensible heat of high-temperature heat accumulation device (71) by high-temperature vapor (61), the steam transforming stored after sensible heat through high-temperature heat accumulation device (71) is saturated vapour or low overheat steam, flows to low-temperature heat accumulating device (72), low-temperature heat accumulating device (72) stores residue sensible heat and the latent heat of steam, the saturated vapour stored after latent heat through low-temperature heat accumulating device (72) is converted into accumulation of heat loop condensed water (55), get back to oxygen-eliminating device (49), boiler (51) is sent into again after high pressure water pump (50) supercharging, the superheated vapor produced is sent into high-pressure turbine (52) and is dragged high pressure steam turbine generator (54) generating, the extracted steam from turbine (53) extracted out from high-pressure turbine (52) sends into cavity type receiver (59) again, produce high-temperature vapor (61), thus form working medium circulation loop, accumulation of heat loop,
Described two-stage heat-storage subtense angle is store heat when solar radiation energy is sufficient, when solar radiant energy quantity not sufficient, from broad sense enclosed Boulez pause circulation condenser/evaporator (63) water of condensation out, through watering cycle pump (57), low-temperature heat accumulating device (72) absorb converting heat be saturated vapour, become overheated water vapour (61) through the further thermal conversion of high-temperature heat accumulation device (71) again, enter aqueous vapor turbine (62) and drive aqueous vapor turbine generator (65) generating.
3. system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Comprise high-temperature heat accumulation working medium in described high-temperature heat accumulation device (71), this high-temperature heat accumulation working medium comprises fused salt, metal heat-accumulating material or resistant to elevated temperatures concrete heat-accumulating material;
Comprise low-temperature heat accumulating working medium in described low-temperature heat accumulating device (72), this low-temperature heat accumulating working medium comprises conduction oil, high pressure saturation water or phase-change working substance.
4. system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Be provided with air or nitrogen sparge tube road: the purge gas (74) that purging motor (74) is sent is after low-temperature heat accumulating device (72), high-temperature heat accumulation device (71) heating, to pause the water vapor of the circulatory system for replacing enclosed Boulez, thus the impact of the thermal insulating material in the circulatory system that broad sense enclosed Boulez is paused eliminated water vapor condensation and cause, metallic material performance.
5. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The input and output gas pressure ratio scope of the aqueous vapor turbine (62) that described broad sense enclosed Boulez pauses in circulation is 4 ~ 16.
6. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The operating temperature range of described water vapour (61) is 700 DEG C ~ 1500 DEG C.
7. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The condensation side of described condenser/evaporator (63), the absolute pressure of evaporation side are all higher than standard atmospheric pressure.
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| CN104764217A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-08 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Generalized closed Brayton type tower type solar thermal power generation method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104764217A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-08 | 南京瑞柯徕姆环保科技有限公司 | Generalized closed Brayton type tower type solar thermal power generation method and system |
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