CN204559141U - Battery Charging Power System - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery charging power supply system, including DC power supply, battery module and charging management module, charging management module includes the input protection unit, slowly start the switch unit, DC transform unit and battery are detecting element on the throne, the input protection unit is connected in DC power supply and slowly starts between the switch unit, the battery is detecting element on the throne and battery module and slowly starts the first control end of switch unit and be connected in order to send first control signal to slowly starting the switch unit, slowly start the switch unit and start or turn-off DC transform unit according to first control signal. Compared with the prior art, the charging management module comprises the input protection unit and the battery in-place detection unit, so that the input protection unit can protect the direct-current power supply, and the safety and reliability of the charging process are improved; the battery in-place detection unit can detect the in-place state of the battery module and switch off the DC/DC conversion unit when the battery module is not in place, thereby effectively avoiding energy waste.

Description

Battery Charging Power System

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to a battery charging power supply system.

Background technique

At present, whether it is digital control or analog control, the charging of the battery is composed of two independent parts: one is the DC power supply, which provides DC energy for charging the battery (the battery can only be charged with DC energy); the other is the DC power supply for the battery. Carry out the management and protection part of charging. The generation of DC power generally includes AC/DC high-frequency switching power supply, linear power supply, solar energy and other DC power supplies, among which high-frequency switching power supply is the main method to provide DC power supply for battery charging.

The Chinese Patent No. 200720076436.4 and the patent application titled "Charging Management Control Circuit for Battery Chargers" disclose a charging management control circuit for battery chargers, which includes a primary circuit, a battery charging A secondary circuit with a management function, an isolated transmission module and a rechargeable battery, wherein the rechargeable battery is connected to an output terminal of the DC output circuit of the secondary circuit with a battery charging management function; the secondary circuit with a battery charging management function also includes A switching power supply secondary feedback circuit that integrates battery charging management functions, the input end of the switching power supply secondary feedback circuit is respectively connected to the rechargeable battery and the other output end of the DC output circuit; the input end and output end of the isolated transmission module are respectively connected to The output end of the switching power supply secondary feedback circuit and the input end of the primary control module which integrate the battery charging management function.

The above technical solution can realize the conversion of AC current into DC current and directly charge the battery, but since the main circuit has no switching device to cut off the charging circuit and there is no current limiting or output short circuit protection device, the system lacks safety; in addition, the above solution charging The control process is complicated and it is impossible to determine whether the rechargeable battery is in place, so there is a problem of energy waste when the rechargeable battery is not in place.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery charging power supply system to improve the reliability and safety of the charging process, and can automatically identify whether the battery module is in place to avoid energy waste caused by charging when the battery module is not in place.

To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a battery charging power supply system, including a DC power supply, a battery module and a charging management module, characterized in that the charging management module includes an input protection unit, a slow start switch unit, a DC/DC A conversion unit and a battery presence detection unit, the input end of the input protection unit is connected to the output end of the DC power supply, the output end of the input protection unit is connected to the input end of the slow start switch unit, and the battery The in-position detection unit is connected to the battery module and the first control terminal of the slow start switch unit to output high and low levels to the slow start switch unit, and the output terminal of the slow start switch unit is connected to the DC/DC The input terminal of the conversion unit is connected to start or shut down the DC/DC conversion unit according to the high and low levels output by the battery presence detection unit.

Compared with the prior art, the charging management module in the battery charging power supply system of the present invention includes an input protection unit and a battery presence detection unit, and the input protection unit can protect the input DC power supply, thereby significantly improving the charging process. Safety and reliability; at the same time, the battery presence detection unit can detect the presence status of the battery module in real time, and control the DC/DC conversion unit to be turned on or off according to the presence detection result output high and low levels, realizing When the battery module is not in place, the DC/DC conversion unit is turned off to stop charging the battery module, effectively avoiding energy waste.

Preferably, the charging management module further includes an embedded processing unit connected to the battery module and the second control terminal of the slow start switch unit, and the embedded processing unit collects the The performance parameters of the battery module and output high and low levels to the slow start switch unit.

Preferably, the charging management module further includes an output protection unit, the input end of the output protection unit is connected to the output end of the DC/DC conversion unit, and the output end of the output protection unit is connected to the battery module .

Preferably, the battery presence detection unit includes a photocoupler U1 and a resistor R5, the pin 1 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery module, and the pin 2 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery module. The slow start switch unit is connected, the pin 3 of the photocoupler U1 is grounded, and the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the first control terminal of the slow start switch unit to output high and low levels to the slow start switch unit.

Preferably, the slow start switch unit includes a field effect transistor Q1 and a photocoupler U2, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the input protection unit, and the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 It is connected with the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the DC/DC conversion unit, and the pin 1 of the photocoupler U2 is connected with the output terminal of the embedded processing unit connected to receive the high and low levels output by the embedded processing unit, pin 2 and pin 3 of the optocoupler U2 are grounded, and pin 4 of the optocoupler U2 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler U1.

Preferably, the slow start switch unit further includes resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the input protection unit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the One end of the resistor R2 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the pin 4 of the optocoupler U1, and the resistor R4 is connected to the pin of the optocoupler U2 2 and the embedded processing unit, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the resistor R3 The other end is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1.

Preferably, the DC/DC conversion unit is a constant current and constant voltage DC/DC conversion unit.

Preferably, the input protection unit includes a first fuse and a first anti-reverse connection unit, and the first fuse and the first anti-reverse connection unit are respectively connected to the DC power supply and the slow start switch unit.

Preferably, the output protection unit includes a second fuse, a second anti-reverse connection unit and an anti-backflow unit, and the second fuse, the second anti-reverse connection unit and the anti-backflow unit are respectively connected to the DC power supply and the Slow start switch unit connection.

The utility model will become clearer through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain the embodiments of the utility model.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the battery charging power supply system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of another embodiment of the battery charging power supply system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the battery presence detection unit and the slow start switch unit in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the DC/DC conversion unit in FIG. 2 .

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the battery charging power supply system 100 of the present invention includes a DC power supply 11, a battery module 12 and a charging management module 13, and the charging management module 13 is connected between the DC power supply 11 and the battery module 12, wherein the charging management module 13 includes an input A protection unit 131 , a slow start switch unit 132 , a DC/DC conversion unit 133 and a battery presence detection unit 134 . Specifically, the input end of the input protection unit 131 is connected to the output end of the DC power supply 11, the output end of the input protection unit 131 is connected to the input end of the slow start switch unit 132, and the battery presence detection unit 134 is connected to the battery module 12 and the slow start The first control terminal of the switch unit 132 is connected, and the battery presence detection unit 134 detects whether the battery module 12 is in place, and outputs high and low levels (ie, the first control signal) to the slow start switch unit 132 according to the presence detection result, and the slow start The output terminal of the switch unit 132 is connected with the input terminal of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 to start or shut down the DC/DC conversion unit 133 according to the high or low level output by the battery presence detection unit 134 .

Compared with the prior art, the charging management module 13 in the battery charging power supply system 100 of the present invention includes an input protection unit 131 and a battery presence detection unit 134. , to safely disconnect the charging circuit to protect the direct power supply 11, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the charging process; at the same time, the battery presence detection unit 134 can detect the presence status of the battery module 12 in real time, and The detection result outputs high and low levels to control the opening or closing of the DC/DC conversion unit 133, so that when the battery module 12 is not in place, the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is turned off and the charging of the battery module 12 is stopped, which can effectively avoid energy consumption. waste.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, the charging management module 13 also includes an output protection unit 135 and an embedded processing unit 136, wherein the input end of the output protection unit 135 is connected to the output end of the DC/DC conversion unit 133, and the output protection unit The output terminal of 135 is connected with the battery module 12; the embedded processing unit 136 is connected with the second control terminal of the battery module 12 and the slow start switch unit 132, and the embedded processing unit 136 collects the performance parameters of the battery module 12 and outputs high and low according to the performance parameters level (that is, the second control signal CTRL) to the slow start switch unit 132 to manage and control the charging process, wherein the performance parameters of the battery module 12 include information such as the voltage and temperature of the battery module 12, and the second control signal CTRL specifically For example, when the embedded processing unit 136 detects that the voltage of the battery module 12 is too high or too low, or the temperature is too high or too low, the embedded processing unit 136 outputs a low level to the slow start switch unit 132 , turn off the photocoupler U2 to turn off the field effect transistor Q1 , cut off the input voltage of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 , and stop charging the battery module 12 .

Specifically, the input protection unit 131 includes a fuse (a first fuse), and the first fuse is connected to the DC power supply 11 and the slow start switch unit 131, and is used to disconnect the charging circuit safely when the charging circuit is over-current or short-circuited abnormally, thereby protecting the DC power supply 11; preferably, the input protection unit 131 also includes an anti-reverse connection unit (the first anti-reverse connection unit), and the first anti-reverse connection unit is connected with the DC power supply 11 and the slow start switch unit 131 to prevent the DC power supply 11 from When the polarity is reversed, the circuit components will be damaged. The anti-reverse connection unit is a circuit structure commonly used in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. The output protection unit 135 includes a fuse (second fuse), and the second fuse is connected to the battery module 12 and the DC/DC conversion unit 133, and is used to safely disconnect the charging circuit when an overcurrent or short circuit abnormality occurs in the charging circuit, thereby protecting the battery module. 12; Preferably, the output protection unit 135 also includes an anti-reverse connection unit (second anti-reverse connection unit) and an anti-reverse connection unit, and the anti-reverse connection unit is connected to the battery module 12 and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 to prevent the battery module from When the polarity of 12 is reversed, the circuit components will be damaged. The anti-backflow unit is connected with the battery module 12 and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 to avoid a large surge current when the battery module 12 is connected.

As shown in Figure 3, the slow start switch unit 132 includes a field effect transistor Q1 and a photocoupler U2, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the input protection unit 131, and the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is a slow start switch unit The first control terminal of 132, the first control terminal is connected with the output terminal of the battery presence detection unit 134 to receive the high and low level (first control signal) sent by the battery presence detection unit 134, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 Connect with the DC/DC conversion unit 133, the pin 1 of the photocoupler U2 is the second control terminal of the slow start switch unit 132, and the second control terminal is connected with the output terminal of the embedded processing unit 136 to receive the embedded processing unit 136 The high and low levels (second control signal CTRL) sent out, the pin 2 and pin 3 of the photocoupler U2 are grounded, and the pin 4 of the photocoupler U2 is connected with the pin 2 of the photocoupler U1. Preferably, the slow start switch unit 132 also includes resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and a capacitor C1, wherein one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the input protection unit 131, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the field The gate of the effect transistor Q1 is connected, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1, the resistor R4 is connected between the pin 2 of the photocoupler U2 and the embedded processing unit 136, and one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the field effect The drain of the tube Q1 is connected, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor Q1; the above-mentioned resistor R1 and resistor R2 form a voltage divider circuit to prevent field effects The gate-source voltage of the transistor Q1 exceeds its withstand voltage and is damaged. Preferably, a Zener diode or a transient suppression diode (TVS) can also be provided between the gate-source of the field effect transistor Q1 for protection; The resistor R4 is a current-limiting resistor, which is used to prevent the photocoupler U2 from being damaged due to excessive drive current; the capacitor C1 and the resistor R3 are connected in series to form a slow-start feedback circuit, which is used to adjust the work of the field effect transistor Q1 in the linear The time of the region, so as to avoid the situation that the field effect transistor Q1 is quickly saturated and turned on, resulting in an excessive surge current.

Please refer to FIG. 3 again, the battery presence detection unit 134 includes a photocoupler U1 and a resistor R5, the pin 1 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery module 12, and the pin 2 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the slow start switch unit 132 connection, the pin 3 of the photocoupler U1 is grounded, the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the first control terminal of the slow start switch unit 132, and the output level of the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is the first control signal. The resistor R5 acts as a current limiter, and is used to prevent the photocoupler U1 from being damaged due to an oversized drive circuit.

In Fig. 3, BAT+ and GND are the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery module 12 respectively. When the battery module 12 is not in place, BAT+ is a low voltage, then the optocoupler U1 is turned off, and the pin 4 of the optocoupler U1 outputs the first control signal (the level of pin 4 represents the first control signal) to cut off the field effect transistor Q1, and then the input terminal of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is a low voltage, and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is turned off, avoiding the battery Energy loss when the module 12 is not in place; on the contrary, when the battery module 12 is in place, BAT+ is a high voltage, and if the second control signal CTRL output by the embedded processing module 136 is a high voltage at this time, the photocoupler U2 is turned on , so that the photocoupler U1 is turned on, and the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 outputs the first control signal (the level of the pin 4 represents the first control signal) so that the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on, and then the DC/DC conversion The input terminal of the unit 133 is a high voltage, the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is started, and when the second control signal CTRL output by the embedded processing unit 136 is a low voltage, the photocoupler U2 is turned off, and the photocoupler U1 is also turned off. is turned off, so that the field effect transistor Q1 is turned off, and then the input terminal of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is at a low voltage, and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is turned off. That is, when the battery module 12 is not in place or the battery module 12 is in place but the second control signal CTRL output by the embedded processing unit 136 is at a low level, the battery presence detection unit 134 controls the field effect transistor Q1 in the slow start switch unit 132 cut off, so that the input end of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is a low voltage, and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is turned off, which avoids energy waste when the battery module 12 is not in place or energy waste when the battery is not suitable for charging.

As shown in FIG. 4, the DC/DC conversion unit 133 includes a first filter unit, a current collection resistor RS1, a main switch tube Q2, a transformer T1, a rectifier diode D1, a second filter unit, a current collection resistor RS2, a constant current constant Voltage control unit, photocoupler U3 and PWM control unit, the connection relationship of each part is shown in Figure 4. Specifically, the first filter unit is a combination of capacitor filter, LC filter or π filter and RCD absorption circuit; the second filter unit is a capacitor filter, LC filter or π filter; constant current and constant voltage control The unit is a control circuit with a constant current and constant voltage controller as the core. Commonly used constant current and constant voltage controllers include AP4313, SFL100, TSM103, etc.; the PWM control unit is a current type PWM control unit, and the current type PWM control unit is a current type PWM control unit. The PWM controller is the core control circuit. Commonly used current-mode PWM controllers include UCx843, UCCx800, UCCx803, UCCx805, etc. Preferably, the current-mode PWM control unit also includes a timer circuit, which can be programmed to set the charging time. The charging time controls the current-source PWM controller to stop PWM output, thereby turning off the DC/DC conversion unit 133 and stopping charging.

2 to 4, it can be seen that the charging management module 13 can manage and control the charging process of the battery module 12, such as controlling to stop charging the battery module 12 under the following circumstances:

A. When the output of the DC power supply 11 is reversed or the input of the battery module 12 is reversed, the charging of the battery module 12 is automatically stopped;

B. When the battery module 12 is not in place (not connected), the photocoupler U1 in the battery presence detection unit 134 is turned off so as to send a first control signal to control the field effect transistor Q1 to be turned off, and the DC/DC conversion unit 133 is cut off input voltage, stop charging the battery module 12;

C. When the embedded processing unit 136 detects that the voltage of the battery module 12 is too high or too low, or the temperature is too high or too low, the embedded processing unit 136 sends the second control signal CTRL (low level at this time) to Slowly start the switch unit 132, turn off the photocoupler U2 to turn off the field effect transistor Q1, cut off the input voltage of the DC/DC conversion unit 133, and stop charging the battery module 12;

D. When the programmed maximum charging time is reached, the embedded processing unit 136 sends the second control signal CTRL (low level at this time) to the slow start switch unit 132 to turn off the optocoupler U2 to turn off the field effect transistor Q1 , cut off the input voltage of the DC/DC conversion unit 133 , and stop charging the battery module 12 . Certainly, it is also possible to stop the PWM output through the current-source PWM controller, and then turn off the DC/DC conversion unit 133 to stop charging the battery module 12 .

In addition, the battery management module 13 can also perform other controls on the charging process of the battery. For example, when the voltage of the battery module 12 is lower than the output voltage set by the DC/DC conversion unit 133, it enters constant current mode charging (CC mode); When the voltage of the module 12 is equal to the output voltage set by the DC/DC conversion unit 133, it enters into constant voltage mode charging (CV mode).

The utility model has been described above in conjunction with the best embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to the above-disclosed embodiments, but should cover various modifications and equivalent combinations based on the essence of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A battery charging power supply system, comprising a DC power supply, a battery module and a charging management module, characterized in that the charging management module includes an input protection unit, a slow start switch unit, a DC/DC conversion unit and a battery presence detection unit , the input end of the input protection unit is connected to the output end of the DC power supply, the output end of the input protection unit is connected to the input end of the slow start switch unit, the battery presence detection unit is connected to the battery The module and the first control terminal of the slow-start switch unit are connected to output high and low levels to the slow-start switch unit, and the output terminal of the slow-start switch unit is connected to the input terminal of the DC/DC conversion unit according to The high and low levels output by the battery presence detection unit start or shut down the DC/DC conversion unit. 2. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the charging management module further comprises an embedded processing unit, and the embedded processing unit communicates with the battery module and the first switch unit of the slow start switch unit. The two control terminals are connected, and the embedded processing unit collects the performance parameters of the battery module and outputs high and low levels to the slow start switch unit. 3. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the charging management module further comprises an output protection unit, the input end of the output protection unit is connected to the output end of the DC/DC conversion unit, The output end of the output protection unit is connected to the battery module. 4. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the battery presence detection unit comprises a photocoupler U1 and a resistor R5, and the pin 1 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module. The pin 2 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the slow start switch unit, the pin 3 of the photocoupler U1 is grounded, and the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to the first switch unit of the slow start switch unit. A control terminal is connected to output high and low levels to the slow start switch unit. 5. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 4, wherein the slow start switch unit comprises a field effect transistor Q1 and a photocoupler U2, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the input protection The output end of the unit is connected, the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected to the DC/DC conversion unit, and the photocoupler The pin 1 of the device U2 is connected to the output end of the embedded processing unit to receive the high and low levels output by the embedded processing unit, the pin 2 and pin 3 of the photocoupler U2 are grounded, and the photocoupler U2 The pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected with the pin 2 of the optocoupler U1. 6. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 5, wherein the slow start switch unit further comprises resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and a capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input protection unit connected to the output end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the gate of the field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the pin 4 of the photocoupler U1, The resistor R4 is connected between pin 2 of the photocoupler U2 and the embedded processing unit, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 It is connected with one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor Q1. 7. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the DC/DC conversion unit is a constant current constant voltage DC/DC conversion unit. 8. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the input protection unit comprises a first fuse and a first anti-reverse connection unit, and the first fuse and the first anti-reverse connection unit are respectively It is connected with the DC power supply and the slow start switch unit. 9. The battery charging power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the output protection unit comprises a second fuse, a second anti-reverse connection unit and an anti-backflow unit, and the second fuse, the second anti-reverse connection unit The unit and the anti-backflow unit are respectively connected to the DC power supply and the slow start switch unit.