CN204497177U - Arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, by mechanical switch K, contactless arm-type switch, controller P, input and output measuring instrument V1 and V2 are formed, wherein arm-type switch is by high-voltage diode D1, D2 and noncontacting switch pipe T1 and T2 forms, D1 negative pole is connected to enter to hold as arm-type switch with D2 positive pole concurrent, enter to hold with K contact and hold with connecing high input voltage (IR), T1 positive pole is connected to go out to hold as arm-type switch with T2 negative pole concurrent, go out to hold with K contact and hold with connecing High voltage output (OUT), the control pole of T1 and T2 meets P, during breaker open operation, K main contacts is first disconnected and T1 (T2) breaks afterwards, during combined floodgate, T1 (T2) first leads to and leads to behind K contact, utilize the electric arc risk dissolving primary cut-out without electric arc break-make characteristic of T1 (T2), existing primary cut-out is replaced with this circuit breaker, the technical bottleneck of primary cut-out prevention and control electric arc is captured.

Description

Arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker

Technical field

The utility model relates to and relates generally to high-tension electricity field, particularly relates to the primary cut-out of more than 3KV voltage level.

Background technology

Since the dawn of human civilization, why all kinds of high-power circuit breaker be arranged in the power supplying and distributing equipment of electric power system can be switched on or switched off all kinds of load circuit according to the will of people, particularly reliably can disconnect short circuit class faulty circuit, key is the arc-suppression function of arc extinguishing system of circuit breaker.

As everyone knows, when manipulating non-idler circuit, the moving contact of circuit breaker and the fixed contact moment before connection or after disconnecting, under rated voltage, form highfield because spacing is very little, cause medium or air ionization to puncture, thus produce the electric arc between dynamic and static contact.In circuit, operating current is larger, the higher then electric arc of rated voltage is more serious.In 1KV (1000V) and following system, the technology of arc protection is relatively easy, and cost is relatively on the low side.But arc protection technology and the cost of 3KV (3000V) and above high-pressure system then can not be ignored.For 10KV oil-minimum breaker, only when cut-offfing the short circuit current of 20KA rank, its arc power produced just can reach more than 10 megawatts (10000KW), arc column temperature between the dynamic and static contact of circuit breaker can reach 6000-7000 degree Celsius, even more than 10000 degrees Celsius, electric arc can cause place circuit generation phase fault, and short circuiting arc can cause the huge serious accident of electric power system.Therefore, do not have arc extinguishing technology then switching on and off of high power load circuit cannot realize, the excision of faulty circuit is impossible especially.Only the action success, particularly circuit breaker main contacts of guaranteed safe arc extinguishing guarantee closing of power circuit breaker or disconnecting consumers circuit are in the moment disconnecting short-circuit current, if reliably can not will inevitably cause destructive disaster by arc extinguishing.

Up to now, the 3KV of the general on-line operation of electric power system and above primary cut-out main and common be divided into three major types: i.e. " oil circuit breaker " (point " heavy wool switch " and " low-oil-content circuit-breaker "), vacuum circuit-breaker and SF6 (sulphur hexafluoride) circuit breaker.Wherein the airtight arc control device of oil circuit breaker are built with insulating oil, and circuit breaker main contact is immersed in oil and works, by the insulating effect of oil with accelerate to extinguish with the insulating effect of air the strong electric arc that on-off circuit produces instantaneously; Be high vacuum in the airtight arc control device of vacuum circuit-breaker, vacuum insulating effect suppresses electric arc; Sulphur hexafluoride liquid for arc extinguishing is then housed in the arc control device of SF6 circuit breaker.The danger of the expansion accident scopes such as oil circuit breaker may set off an explosion under there is failure condition at any time, splash, burning, is therefore progressively being substituted by vacuum circuit-breaker and SF6 circuit breaker; And vacuum circuit breaker constructions is complicated, maintenance is complicated and disjunction big current is limited in one's ability; SF6 circuit breaker stops and arc quenching effect is more satisfactory but complexity and cost exceed vacuum circuit-breaker; Also there is the circuit breaker of some other mode arc extinguishings but apply universal not due to reasons such as technology or safety.Be that the mesohigh circuit breaker of advanced subject is since appearance with arc extinguishing, constantly deduce, change and weed out the old and bring forth the new, its life-span is more than a century, but general principle is innovation never, the advanced subject faced never changes, first the design of any generation product must resolve arc-suppression function, and opening or closing of the main contact of the primary cut-out of any kind all must possess " confined space, arc-extinguishing medium, arc blow-out air-flow and contact are high temperature resistant " four conditions simultaneously.For this reason; consider that the height of arc control device technique is reliable; ensure that arc blows the scientific and reasonable of system, switch contact will adopt resistant to elevated temperatures precious alloy material, consider quality and the purity of arc-extinguishing medium; in order to arc extinguishing; the structure of circuit breaker cannot simplify, and cost remains high, and Fig. 5-Fig. 9 is respectively conventional high-tension breaker arc extinguishing doors structure figure and arc extinguishing conceptual scheme; conventional circuit breaker complex structure, external shape are different, control and protection circuit is complicated, but principle in arc control device is similar.

Oil circuit breaker is born in 1895, before being extended to nineteen thirty, be mainly used in 3 at present, 6, in 10KV and above high-pressure system.Vacuum circuit-breaker, first appeared in the fifties (China independently develops vacuum circuit-breaker and starts from the seventies), is common in AC380/220V system and AC690V system at first, progressively enter 3 afterwards, 6,10KV system.And the novel breaker that SF6 circuit breaker is development in recent years to get up, be most commonly in 10KV distribution system.The cost of these circuit breakers, useful life, version and electric property depend mainly on the quality of arc-suppression function and main contact alloy, how ensureing that main contacts does not cause the accident switching on and off the powerful electric arc that live road (particularly disconnect short trouble circuit) moment produces, is the most critical point of research and development of products and design all the time.Although arc extinguishing requires to make breaker structure complex, cost increases several times, continues in practice always; Although arc extinguishing technology both domestic and external is improving and innovating always, do not find the most cheap scientific method all the time, the theme of arc extinguishing cannot be avoided all the time.

The development of power electronic technology has promoted the birth of high-power electric and electronic switch and module, because the conducting of electric power electronic module or the change of cut-off state are the diffusion of the free electron of semi-conducting material inside and the result of stopping diffusion, its process occurs without electric arc, has inspired people to substitute the thinking of mechanical switch (contact switch) with electronic power switch (i.e. noncontacting switch) thus.Noncontacting switch product is once at the nineties in last century of development and progress in high gear, and insider all thinks that all kinds of high-power circuit breaker all will come into " contactless " epoch.But, find in practice: high-power electric and electronic module long-time bearing load electric current produces larger power consumption, and its hot hidden danger that cannot avoid brings more risk and hidden danger to system safety, therefore cannot substitute mechanical switch, more cannot replace primary cut-out.

Primary cut-out was born over more than 100 year, and the brainstrust of research and development of products locks arc extinguishing problem all the time and earnestly tackles key problems; And power electronic technology is born in decades, the brainstrust of research and development of products all the time with efficient, at a high speed and low-heat earnestly tackle key problems for problem, nobody shows any interest in the change of circuit breaker basic structure and fundamental mode, unmanned release not only can have been evaded switching arc, but also can evade the high-power circuit breaker scheme of online thermal losses risk.

Summary of the invention

The utility model provides a kind of arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker for solving current primary cut-out electric arc prevention and control technical problem that is difficult and high-temperature hot hidden danger, by mechanical switch K, contactless arm-type switch (hereinafter referred to as " arm-type switch "), controller P, input and output measuring instrument V1 and V2 is formed, wherein contactless arm-type switch is with high-voltage diode D1, D2 and noncontacting switch pipe T1, T2 is both arms, D1 negative pole is connected as entering to hold with D2 positive pole concurrent, with K contact enter to hold concurrent to be connected high input voltage (IR) to hold, T1 positive pole is connected as going out to hold with T2 negative pole concurrent, with K contact go out to hold concurrent to be connected High voltage output (OUT) to hold, coil or the drive unit of K are controlled by P, the control pole of T1 and T2 meets P, during breaker open operation, first break and break after noncontacting switch in K contact, during combined floodgate, noncontacting switch first leads to and leads to behind K contact.What had by noncontacting switch can combine effectively without the good characteristic of electric arc conducting and cut-off and the online loaded current of the mechanical switch characteristic without hot hidden danger, thus ensure the disconnection of K contact or closed do not produce electric arc, aforementioned all kinds of existing primary cut-out is substituted without electric arc type primary cut-out with this, can be widely used in the high-voltage electric power systems such as 3KV, 6KV, 10KV, 22KV, 33KV and 66KV, in the same way, if research and develop successful extra-high pressure type high-power electric and electronic switch, this type of circuit breaker can also be widely used in extra-high pressure electric power system.

Implement this patent; thoroughly can change the structure of the traditional primary cut-out of T&B; cause the major progress of primary cut-out in basic structure, control protection electric circuit etc. and change; energy rapid stimulation power electronic device developer and manufacturer are the research and development interest of power electronic device and target directing extra-high pressure field; thus promote the birth of extra-high pressure field novel electric power switch product; and promote that extra-high pressure field is without the research and development of electric arc type circuit breaker and production, thus promote technological change and the leap in power switch field.

The outstanding advantages of this patent has thoroughly evaded the electric arc prevention and control difficult problem that primary cut-out faces; eliminate all additional mechanism providing additional operations aiming at arc extinguishing design; enormously simplify basic structure and the control protection electric circuit of primary cut-out; not only to save circuit breaker great amount of cost (manpower, technology, material); significantly improve its fail safe, reliability and useful life; also be specially adapted to realize Based Intelligent Control, be conducive to the structure of following intelligent grid.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the single-phase contact embodiment structure chart of this patent product

Fig. 2 is another example structure figure of single-phase contact of this patent product

Fig. 3 is the three-phase contact embodiment structure chart of this patent product

Fig. 4 is another example structure figure of three-phase contact of this patent product

Fig. 5 is basic block diagram in conventional circuit breaker arc control device

Fig. 6 indulges in conventional circuit breaker arc control device to blow formula system schema figure

Fig. 7 is transverse-blow type system schema figure in conventional circuit breaker arc control device

Fig. 8 is vertical transverse-blow type system schema figure in conventional circuit breaker arc control device

Fig. 9 is that conventional circuit breaker arc control device inner ring blows formula system schema figure

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, arm-typely to be made up of contactless arm-type switch, mechanical switch K, controller P and measuring instrument V1 and V2 without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, arm-type switch enters end and enters to hold concurrent to be connected power supply input (IR) with K main contacts to hold, arm-type switch goes out end and goes out to hold concurrent to be connected power supply with K contact to export (OUT) and hold, arm-type switch control rule pole meets P, and the control line of P also connects the coil of K or drive unit, the holding wire of P connects V1 and V2.

Fig. 2 is another example structure figure of this patent product, the principle wiring structure chart of the three-phase contact of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 difference this patent product, its operation principle is identical with single-phase, but the mechanical switch K of three-phase breaker can be the integrated machine switch that synchronously can drive three-phase contact, also can be three mutual independently single-phase switchs.

According to the connected mode of noncontacting switch pipe in arm-type switch and the difference of quantity, the arm-type contactless passage without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker is divided into the Four types such as arm-type, dilatation is arm-type, supercharging is arm-type, dilatation supercharging is arm-type, be referred to as " arm-type switch ", be arm-type described in this patent, it is characterized in that forming both arms with diode D1, T1 and D2, T2, principle is described as follows:

Separating brake process (namely trip process): K contact loaded current before separating brake, T1 (T2) in arm-type switch can be cut-off state, also can be that (K contact closed makes entering end and going out between end voltage close to 0 of arm-type switch to conducting state, its electric current flow through is also close to 0), when monitor fault and judge need separating brake or receive separating brake order manually after, the P first reliable conducting of control T1 (T2), then control K contact disjunction, the load current or the fault current that flow through K contact can be automatically transferred to arm-type switching channels along with the disconnection of K main contacts, realize between K contact and arm-type switching channels joining without electric arc of load current waiting for K contact cut-off signal afterwards, after receiving the signal reliably cut-off K contact, arm-type switch cuts out (T1 (T2) cut-off) at once, and T1 (T2) has no electric arc generation in procedures of turn-off, circuit breaker does not have electric arc to produce in whole open circuit process, overall process can complete in 10ms-100ms (adjustable).

Circuit cut-offs (i.e. breaker open operation) afterwards P ensure that K contact is in off-state and arm-type switch is in cut out (T1 (T2) cut-off) state all the time, guarantee combined floodgate misoperation can not occur.

Making process (namely connecting process): when the main contacts of arm-type switch and K is all in off state, when monitoring combined floodgate desired signal (prepared auto restart signal) or manually after reclosing command, first P controls arm-type switch conduction (T1 (T2) conducting), when the control K closing of contact immediately after the signal monitoring the reliable conducting of arm-type switch, carry whole load current due to the conducting of K closing of contact Forearm type switch, therefore K contact enter end and go out end be when closed close to completing when 0 voltage, therefore do not produce electric arc, just arm-type switch carry load electric current (entering end and going out end of arm-type switch is in close by the state of the main contacts short circuit of K) is automatically taken over after the K closing of contact, after this arm-type switching channels can continue to open (does not affect K work, also heat can not be produced), also can automatically close (T1 (T2) cut-off), controller P then enters circuit voltage, electric current, and the monitoring of arm-type switch parameter situation and monitoring state, carry out the preparation of emergency trip and fault alarm.

Described mechanical switch K, refer to common, without the electric-controlled mechanical switch of arc-control device, also can be the Power Flow or mechanical energy storage switch etc. with current-carrying main contacts, its main contacts is controlled by actuation coil or power set, and powered coil or power set are controlled by P, also can be controlled by the relay controlled by P or contactor, entering to hold and going out end of K main contacts is connected entering end and going out end of arm-type switch respectively.

Described contactless arm-type switch, with diode D1, D2, T1, T2 forms single armed passage respectively, D1 negative pole is connected as entering end with D2 positive pole concurrent, enter to hold with K contact and hold with connecing power supply input (IR), T1 positive pole is connected as going out end with T2 negative pole concurrent, go out to hold with K contact and export (OUT) hold with connecing power supply, D1 in arm-type switch, D2 can be the high-tension electricity diode of disposable type, T1, T2 is half control type or full-control type power electronic switch or module, such as: SCR, GTR, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT, SIT, BSIT, SITH, IPM, PIC, MOSFET or P-MOSFET etc.

Described controller P can be computer, single-chip microcomputer or chip, control board, industrial computer (as PLC etc.), control instrument or intelligent control module etc.The holding wire of P is connected with curtage measuring instrument (V1, V2), and its control line extremely should be connected with the control of D, is connected again with the control coil of K or drive unit.

Described measuring instrument V1 and V2, it is a kind of electrical transformation device, voltage changer or power pack, wave distortion instrument, voltage fluctuation instrument, current changing rate instrument, electric quantity monitoring instrument or monitoring devices can be selected, be installed in entering end and going out end of circuit breaker respectively with the pattern of isolation, its holding wire meets P.

By the impact of device for high-power power electronic withstand voltage level reality, the utility model is mainly applicable to 3KV, 6KV, 10KV, 33KV, the high-pressure system circuit breaker of each voltage level such as 66KV, those skilled in the art know, under technical thought framework of the present invention, can by series connection use device for high-power power electronic realize the electric power system of more high voltage rank without electric arc break-make, and high-power, after high pressure resistant type power electronic device is successfully come out, can directly adopt the power electronic device of large power high voltage with standing rank to coordinate with standard machinery switch to realize more high voltage field without electric arc break-make.Therefore; the voltage scope of application of the present utility model is also unrestricted, as long as adopt power electronic device or module and standard machinery switch to constitute jointly without electric arc power circuit breaker or high-power non electric-arc switch for the purpose of electric arc to be exactly the protection range of this patent to evade in field of strong electricity.

Claims (5)

1. one kind arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, it is characterized in that: by mechanical switch K, contactless arm-type switch, controller P, input and output measuring instrument V1 and V2 are formed, wherein contactless arm-type switch is with high-voltage diode D1, D2 and noncontacting switch pipe T1, T2 is both arms, D1 negative pole is connected as entering to hold with D2 positive pole concurrent, with K contact enter to hold concurrent to be connected high input voltage (IR) to hold, T1 positive pole is connected as going out to hold with T2 negative pole concurrent, with K contact go out to hold concurrent to be connected High voltage output (OUT) to hold, coil or the drive unit of K are controlled by P, the control pole of T1 and T2 meets P, during breaker open operation, first break and break after noncontacting switch in K contact, during combined floodgate, noncontacting switch first leads to and leads to behind K contact.

2. according to claim 1 arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, feature is: mechanical switch K, select standard machinery contact switch or there is Power Flow or the mechanical energy storage switch of current-carrying main contacts, entering to hold and going out end of its contact is connected entering end and going out end of arm-type switch respectively, actuation coil or the drive unit of K are controlled by P, also can be controlled by the relay, the contactor that are controlled by P.

3. according to claim 1 arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, it is characterized in that: contactless arm-type switch, both arms are formed with diode D1 and noncontacting switch pipe T1 and diode D2 and noncontacting switch pipe T2, D1 negative pole is connected to enter to hold as arm-type switch with D2 positive pole concurrent, T1 positive pole is connected to go out to hold as arm-type switch with T2 negative pole concurrent, D1 positive pole is connected with T1 negative pole, D2 negative pole is connected with T2 positive pole, T1, the control of T2 extremely all accesses P, arm-type switch enters end and enters to hold concurrent to be connected power supply input (IR) with K contact to hold, arm-type switch goes out end and goes out to hold concurrent to be connected power supply with K contact to export (OUT) and hold, D1, D2 is high pressure-resistant high-power electric diode, T1, T2 is high-power electric and electronic switching tube or the module of high pressure-resistant, as: SCR, GTR, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT, SIT, BSIT, SITH, IPM, PIC, MOSFET or P-MOSFET.

4. according to claim 1 arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, it is characterized in that: controller P, select computer, single-chip microcomputer, control board, control instrument or intelligent control module, the holding wire of P connects measuring instrument V1, V2 and artificial outer input signal device, and its control line connects the control pole of T1 and T2 and the actuation coil of K or drive unit.

5. according to claim 1 arm-type without electric arc type high-tension electricity circuit breaker, it is characterized in that instrument V1 and the V2 with monitoring function, it is a kind of electrical transformation device, select voltage changer or power pack, wave distortion instrument, voltage fluctuation instrument, current changing rate instrument, electric quantity monitoring instrument or monitoring devices, be installed in entering end and going out end of circuit breaker respectively with the pattern of isolation, its holding wire meets P.