CN204495759U - A kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device - Google Patents
A kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204495759U CN204495759U CN201520223033.2U CN201520223033U CN204495759U CN 204495759 U CN204495759 U CN 204495759U CN 201520223033 U CN201520223033 U CN 201520223033U CN 204495759 U CN204495759 U CN 204495759U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device, it comprises and is placed on vacuum tank (1) on magnetic stirring apparatus (3) and seals with vacuum tank (1) vacuum cover (2) and corresponding electronic instrument for measuring temperature (4) that cover buckle coordinates, described vacuum tank (1) and vacuum cover (2) are double layer hollow transparent organic glass processing and fabricating and form, the top of described vacuum tank (1) is provided with a circle O-ring seal (5), and the top of described vacuum tank (1) inside is provided with medicine pond (6).The utility model is applicable to the determination experiment of most of chemical reaction heat, greatly can improve conventional efficient, the generation of effective reduction security incident, the design of this experimental apparatus apparatus structure is unique, use easy to operate and low cost, be applicable to this specialty and amateur Teaching of Basic Chemistry Experiments, also can be applicable in scientific experiment, significant.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to chemical experiment teaching apparatus field, is specifically related to a kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device.
Background technology
" Expe. of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry " and " Engineering Chemical Experiment Course " is the compulsory course of specialty and amateur chemical type student respectively, and " mensuration of chemical reaction mole enthalpy change " as checking the first law of thermodynamics Classic Experiments, be this two subjects journey must do experimental project.The every annual of whole school's chemical classes Engineering Students 2000 person-times all will complete this experiment at chemistry teaching demonstration centre Basic Chemistry Laboratory, and experiment purpose allows Students ' Learning utilize calorimetric to measure principle and the method for fixed reaction mole enthalpy change.Laboratory existing apparatus utilizes thermos to replace adiabatic calorimeter to coordinate mercury thermometer and stopwatch to carry out this experiment, but because old-fashioned insulated cup lid heat insulation effect is poor, opaque and frangible, add stirring and thermometer to punch on lid, add the thermal losses of system, not only cause systematic error bigger than normal, and Basic Chemistry Experiment student is all freshman mental, manipulative ability is not strong, be easy in operation smash thermos cup and mercury thermometer, there is a lot of potential safety hazard.
Utility model content
The utility model object is to provide a kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device, and it can solve problem existing in background technology effectively.
In order to solve problem existing in background technology, it comprises and is placed on vacuum tank 1 on magnetic stirring apparatus 3 and seals to vacuum tank 1 vacuum cover 2 and corresponding electronic instrument for measuring temperature 4 that cover buckle coordinates, described vacuum tank 1 and vacuum cover 2 are double layer hollow transparent organic glass processing and fabricating and form, the top of described vacuum tank 1 is provided with a circle O-ring seal 5, the top of described vacuum tank 1 inside is provided with medicine pond 6, this medicine pond 6 entirety is the spoon schistose texture that upper end face is provided with opening, its two ends go out medicine pond support 7 respectively to extension, one end of described medicine pond support 7 is extended vacuum tank 1 through O-ring seal 5 and is connected with control handle 8, its other end withstands on the inner side of O-ring seal 5 and is rotatably assorted with O-ring seal 5, the inside of described vacuum tank 1 is provided with the stirring magneton 9 corresponding with magnetic stirring apparatus 3 and thermopair 10, described thermopair 10 is connected with electronic instrument for measuring temperature 4 through O-ring seal 5 by wire.
The top of described vacuum cover 2 is provided with balancing weight 11.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the utility model has following beneficial effect: the determination experiment being applicable to most of chemical reaction heat, greatly can improve conventional efficient, the generation of effective reduction security incident, the design of this experimental apparatus apparatus structure is unique, uses easy to operate and low cost, is applicable to this specialty and amateur Teaching of Basic Chemistry Experiments, also can be applicable in scientific experiment, significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is briefly described.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 2 in embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 3 in embodiment.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the utility model, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment being clearly and completely described.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device, comprise and be placed on vacuum tank 1 on magnetic stirring apparatus 3 and seal to vacuum tank 1 vacuum cover 2 and corresponding electronic instrument for measuring temperature 4 that cover buckle coordinates, described vacuum tank 1 and vacuum cover 2 are double layer hollow transparent organic glass processing and fabricating and form, the top of described vacuum tank 1 is provided with a circle O-ring seal 5, the top of described vacuum tank 1 inside is provided with medicine pond 6, this medicine pond 6 entirety is the spoon schistose texture that upper end face is provided with opening, its two ends go out medicine pond support 7 respectively to extension, one end of described medicine pond support 7 is extended vacuum tank 1 through O-ring seal 5 and is connected with control handle 8, its other end withstands on the inner side of O-ring seal 5 and is rotatably assorted with O-ring seal 5, the inside of described vacuum tank 1 is provided with the stirring magneton 9 corresponding with magnetic stirring apparatus 3 and thermopair 10, described thermopair 10 is connected with electronic instrument for measuring temperature 4 through O-ring seal 5 by wire.
The top of described vacuum cover 2 is provided with balancing weight 11.
The present embodiment is applicable to the determination experiment of most of chemical reaction heat, greatly can improve conventional efficient, the generation of effective reduction security incident, the design of this experimental apparatus apparatus structure is unique, use easy to operate and low cost, be applicable to this specialty and amateur Teaching of Basic Chemistry Experiments, also can be applicable in scientific experiment, significant.
Embodiment 2
In chemical reaction process, except there is the change of material, also have the change of energy, this energy variation shows as reaction heat effect, and chemical reaction normally carries out under the condition of constant voltage, this reaction heat effect is called isobaric heat effect.The isobaric heat effect Q of chemical reaction
pequal the molar reactive enthalpy change Δ of chemical reaction
rh
m(themopositive reaction is negative value, thermonegative reaction be on the occasion of).The enthalpy change of chemical reaction is called the standard enthalpy change of chemical reaction in normal conditions, uses Δ
rh
m θrepresent.The measuring method of reaction heat effect is a lot, and experiment adopts Fig. 1 shown device to measure.The chemical reaction that assumed response thing carries out in chamber carries out under adiabatic conditions, and namely heat transmission does not occur for reaction system and environment.Like this, from the temperature variation before and after reaction system and the thermal capacitance of calorimeter and the quality of related substance and specific heat capacity etc., the thermal effect of reaction can just be calculated.The principle of operation of this development device and step are: be 1. first placed on magnetic stirring apparatus 3 by vacuum tank 1, magneton 9 is put into vacuum tank 1, then inject quantitative blue copper sulphate standard solution in vacuum tank 1; 2. install O-ring seal 5, medicine pond 6 and thermopair 10 additional, guarantee that thermopair 10 inserts below liquid level, cover vacuum cover 2 gently after quantitative zinc powder is loaded medicine pond 6, and add counterweight 11; 3. switch on power, open magnetic stirring apparatus 3 and allow magneton 9 at the uniform velocity stir, then open electronic instrument for measuring temperature 4 front temperature of record reaction after system temperature is stable; 4. mix up stopwatch, slowly rotate medicine pond 6 and press stopwatch while zinc powder is at the uniform velocity trickled down, every 30 seconds records temperature, note observing response liquid color, stop adding zinc powder after blueness disappears completely, after temperature no longer rises, then record the data of 3 minutes; 5. after data record, first close all electronic equipments, then dismounting, reclaim zinc powder and waste liquid, be inverted drying after having cleaned vacuum tank 1, thoroughly clear up experiment table; 6. process data, complete laboratory report.
Embodiment 2
Utility appliance involved by this embodiment and accessory all can be purchased in market and process, and such as platform balance, electronic balance, magnetic stirring apparatus and volumetric flask all belong to laboratory common equipment.This type of experimental provision major part all belonged to designed, designed and assembled in the past, replaced calorimeter and hand operated mixing to test with thermos, except error is large and security performance is owed, substantially can meet teaching needs.Referring to Fig. 2, the chemical reaction that assumed response thing carries out in calorimeter carries out under adiabatic conditions, and namely heat transmission does not occur for reaction system (calorimeter) and environment.Like this, from the temperature variation before and after reaction system and the thermal capacitance of calorimeter and the quality of related substance and specific heat capacity etc., the thermal effect of reaction can just be calculated by (1) formula.This experiment is with zinc powder and copper-bath generation displacement reaction, and under 298.15K and standard state, the copper ion in 1mol zinc displacement copper-bath, releases the heat of 218.7kJ.
By the specific heat of solution and the temperature variation of reaction front and back solution, the enthalpy change of above-mentioned reaction can be tried to achieve.Computing formula is as follows:
In formula: Δ
rh
m---the enthalpy change (kJmol of reaction
-1);
Δ T---the temperature variation (K) of solution before and after reaction;
Thermal capacitance (the Jg of c---solution
-1k
-1) (getting 4.18);
The volume (mL) of V---solution;
Density (the gmL of ρ---solution
-1) (approximate in 1.00);
N---the amount of substance of solute in solution;
Because this system non-critical ground is adiabatic, while reacting liquid temperature raises, the temperature also corresponding raising of calorimeter, and when calculating, ignore this content, therefore the deviation of the temperature difference can be caused.Can extrapolation method be adopted when processing data, being extrapolated to by dotted line in Fig. 3 and reacting the maximum temperature rise value T that reactive system is tried to achieve in the time diagram started, the true temperature changing value caused by reaction heat effect can be reflected so more objectively.
From above formula, can the key of this experiment be record temperature value accurately.For obtaining temperature variation Δ T accurately, except temperature variation when close-up reacts, also to the factor affecting Δ T be corrected.Its method corrected is: in course of reaction, every 30 seconds records temperature, is then figure with temperature (T) to the time (t), draws T-t curve, as shown in Figure 3.Curve A B and CD line segment are extended respectively, then be vertical line EF, give G point with curve, and make CEG and BFG enclose two pieces of area equation, now the difference of the T value that E and F is corresponding is the temperature difference T after correction.
Embodiment 3
1. take 3.0g zinc powder with table scale;
2.CuSO
4the preparation of solution: take about 5.0000g CuSO on electronic balance
45H
2o puts into beaker, adds appropriate distilled water and makes it all dissolve, be then transferred in 100mL volumetric flask.With the distilled water of a small amount of (at every turn about 10mL) by beaker drip washing 3 times, all poured in volumetric flask by leacheate, last adding distil water is diluted to scale.Jam-pack volumetric flask bottle stopper, overturns more than 10 times repeatedly by it, and wherein solution is fully mixed.
3. the mensuration of zinc and copper sulphate reaction heat effect: by the CuSO prepared
4solution all pours (as far as possible clean) in drying, clean thermos cup into, be stoppered the bottle stopper being inserted with thermometer and stirring rod, regulate the height of thermometer and stirring rod, the mercury bulb of thermometer is all immersed in solution, but does not contact with wall of cup with stirring rod.Rotate splash bar, continuous agitating solution, every 30 seconds records temperature, reach to solution and calorimeter and weigh, temperature remained constant (about 2 minutes).Be rapidly in solution and add 3.0g zinc powder, build lid immediately, still constantly stir, and continue, every 30 seconds records temperature, after temperature rises to mxm., to continue survey again 2 minutes.Concrete data record is charged in following form.
| Time t (min) | ||
| Temperature T (DEG C) | ||
| Stage | Before adding zinc powder | After adding zinc powder |
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, be not intended to limit; Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims (2)
1. a visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device, it is characterized in that it comprises to be placed on vacuum tank (1) on magnetic stirring apparatus (3) and to seal with vacuum tank (1) vacuum cover (2) and corresponding electronic instrument for measuring temperature (4) that cover buckle coordinates, described vacuum tank (1) and vacuum cover (2) are double layer hollow transparent organic glass processing and fabricating and form, the top of described vacuum tank (1) is provided with a circle O-ring seal (5), the top of described vacuum tank (1) inside is provided with medicine pond (6), this medicine pond (6) entirety is the spoon schistose texture that upper end face is provided with opening, its two ends go out medicine pond support (7) respectively to extension, one end of described medicine pond support (7) is extended vacuum tank (1) through O-ring seal (5) and is connected with control handle (8), its other end withstands on the inner side of O-ring seal (5) and is rotatably assorted with O-ring seal (5), the inside of described vacuum tank (1) is provided with the stirring magneton (9) corresponding with magnetic stirring apparatus (3) and thermopair (10), described thermopair (10) is connected with electronic instrument for measuring temperature (4) through O-ring seal (5) by wire.
2. one according to claim 1 visual chemical reaction enthalpy change determination experiment device, is characterized in that the top of described vacuum cover (2) is provided with balancing weight (11).
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105136851A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for measuring heat effect in isothermal hot reaction process of carbonaceous macromolecules |
| CN105167205A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Device suitable for detecting heating performance of chemical reaction raw materials of cigarette |
| CN105642206A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Beryllium-water reaction device |
| CN107228807A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 日本株式会社日立高新技术科学 | Sample container and apparatus for thermal analysis |
| CN110243994A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-17 | 王飞 | A kind of spectrum-current potential-temperature multidimensional titration instrument and its application method |
| CN111855736A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Electricity card performance test system |
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2015
- 2015-04-10 CN CN201520223033.2U patent/CN204495759U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105136851A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for measuring heat effect in isothermal hot reaction process of carbonaceous macromolecules |
| CN105136851B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of device and method for measuring fuel factor in carbonaceous macromolecular isothermal thermal process reactor |
| CN105167205A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Device suitable for detecting heating performance of chemical reaction raw materials of cigarette |
| CN105642206A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Beryllium-water reaction device |
| CN107228807A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 日本株式会社日立高新技术科学 | Sample container and apparatus for thermal analysis |
| CN107228807B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2024-03-19 | 日本株式会社日立高新技术科学 | Sample container and thermal analysis device |
| CN110243994A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-17 | 王飞 | A kind of spectrum-current potential-temperature multidimensional titration instrument and its application method |
| CN111855736A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Electricity card performance test system |
| CN111855736B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-02-18 | 同济大学 | Electricity card performance test system |
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Granted publication date: 20150722 Termination date: 20160410 |