CN204419226U - Point row formula subway tunnel ventilation smoke extraction system - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system for a point row subway tunnel, comprising shafts (6) at both ends of the tunnel in the subway section, a smoke exhaust duct (1) is provided on the top of the tunnel between the shafts (6) at both ends of the tunnel, and the smoke exhaust duct The port of (1) passes through the vertical shaft (6) to communicate with the outside world; the bottom of the smoke exhaust duct (1) is axially equidistantly arranged with openable and closable smoke exhaust outlets (4), and the position near the smoke exhaust outlet (4) is set There is a smoke monitoring sensor (7); the exhaust fan (5) is set at the inner cavity of the smoke exhaust duct (1) close to the port; the smoke exhaust outlet (4), the smoke monitoring sensor (7) and the exhaust fan (5) are all It is electrically connected with the central control unit. The system shortens the propagation distance of high-temperature smoke in the tunnel, effectively prevents the diffusion of high-temperature smoke in the tunnel space, and has high smoke exhaust efficiency.

Description

Fire Ventilation and Smoke Exhaust System of Point Exhaust Subway Tunnel

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel fire ventilation in subway sections, in particular to a point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

Background technique

At present, longitudinal ventilation is usually adopted for fire ventilation in tunnels in subway intervals (tunnels between two platforms). That is, when the train is on fire, one-way longitudinal air supply from one end of the section tunnel prevents the high-temperature smoke from returning to the air supply end, and then discharges the high-temperature smoke from the shaft in front of the air supply to the tunnel. It has the following disadvantages: Although it can effectively prevent the backflow of smoke, when the fire site is near the middle of the train, some passengers will always be injured in the area where high-temperature smoke concentrates; for longer tunnels, high-temperature smoke may be pushed To another train that is also in the section tunnel, causing damage to the passengers of the other train. In addition, high-temperature flue gas fills the front of the air supply section of the interval tunnel, causing air pollution in a large area of the tunnel, and will also cause damage to equipment and facilities in the tunnel.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system for the deficiencies in the domestic subway tunnel fire ventilation methods. The system can effectively exhaust the smoke to the outdoor space with high smoke exhaust efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system, including shafts at both ends of the tunnel in the subway section and exhaust fans near the shaft, wherein: the tunnel between the shafts at both ends of the tunnel There is a smoke exhaust duct on the top, and the port of the smoke exhaust duct passes through the vertical shaft to communicate with the outside world; the bottom of the smoke exhaust duct is arranged with open and closed smoke exhaust outlets at equal axial intervals, and there is a smoke exhaust outlet near the smoke exhaust outlet. The monitoring sensor; the exhaust fan is arranged in the inner chamber of the smoke exhaust duct near the port. The exhaust air outlet, the smoke monitoring sensor and the exhaust fan are all electrically connected to the central control unit.

The smoke exhaust duct is enclosed by the wall at the top of the tunnel and the fireproof material board; the fireproof material board and the wall at the top of the tunnel are connected by expansion bolts and sealed by a high-temperature fireproof sealing material.

The distance between the adjacent smoke exhaust outlets is 60-120m.

Working process and principle of the present utility model are:

When there is no fire, the exhaust fan and all smoke outlets are closed, and the system is in a standby monitoring state.

When the smoke monitoring sensors detect that smoke is generated, and the smoke concentration detected by one of the smoke monitoring sensors is significantly higher than that of the rest of the smoke monitoring sensors, the central control unit determines that the ignition point is near the sensor and turns on the The smoke exhaust outlet near the smoke monitoring sensor turns on two exhaust fans at the same time; the high-temperature smoke quickly enters the smoke exhaust duct through the smoke exhaust outlet, and is discharged out of the tunnel through the shaft under the suction of the exhaust fan. Fresh air is supplied from both ends of the tunnel.

When the smoke monitoring sensors detect that there is smoke, and the smoke concentration detected by two of the smoke monitoring sensors has little difference and is significantly higher than the rest of the smoke monitoring sensors, the central control unit determines that the ignition point is located at Between the two sensors, open the smoke exhaust vents near the two smoke monitoring sensors, and turn on the two exhaust fans at the same time; the high-temperature flue gas quickly enters the smoke exhaust duct through the smoke exhaust vents. Exit the tunnel through the shaft. Fresh air is supplied from both ends of the tunnel.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

When a fire occurs, the high-temperature smoke directly enters the independent smoke exhaust duct from one or two nearby smoke exhaust outlets, and is quickly sucked out of the tunnel, which shortens the propagation distance of the high-temperature smoke in the tunnel to the greatest extent, and more effectively prevents The diffusion of high-temperature smoke in the entire tunnel space is ensured, and the smoke exhaust efficiency is high. The high-temperature smoke is discharged from the smoke exhaust duct at the top, which avoids the existing longitudinal ventilation from causing harm to the passengers on the train in front of the air supply, and will not cause harm to the passengers of the adjacent train, and also reduces the damage to the equipment in the tunnel. Thermal erosion minimizes fire damage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure of the utility model embodiment and the exhaust schematic diagram (the ignition point of the fire is positioned at near a smoke exhaust tuyere);

Fig. 2 is the structure of the utility model embodiment and the exhaust air schematic diagram (the ignition point of the fire is positioned between two exhaust tuyeres);

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, 8 is the position of the ignition point, and 9 is the fire smoke.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1-2, a specific embodiment of the present invention is a point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system, including shafts 6 at both ends of the tunnel in the subway section, and exhaust fans 5 near the shaft 6, wherein: The top of the tunnel between the shafts 6 at both ends of the tunnel is provided with a smoke exhaust duct 1, and the port of the smoke exhaust duct 1 communicates with the shaft 6; The smoke exhaust outlet 4 is provided with a smoke monitoring sensor 7 near the smoke exhaust outlet 4; The exhaust air outlet 4, the smoke monitoring sensor 7 and the exhaust fan 5 are all electrically connected to the central control unit.

The smoke exhaust duct 1 is enclosed by a wall surface 2 at the top of the tunnel and a fireproof material board 3; the fireproof material board is connected with the wall surface of the tunnel top by expansion bolts and sealed by a high-temperature fireproof sealing material.

The distance between the adjacent smoke exhaust outlets is 60-120m.

The working process and principle of this embodiment are:

When there is no fire, the exhaust fan 5 and all smoke exhaust air outlets 4 are closed, and the system is in a standby monitoring state.

Figure 1 shows that when the smoke monitoring sensors 7 detect smoke generation, and the smoke concentration detected by one of the smoke monitoring sensors 7 is significantly higher than that of the remaining smoke monitoring sensors 7, the central control unit determines that The ignition point is located near the sensor 7, open the exhaust air outlet 4 near the smoke monitoring sensor 7, and open the two exhaust fans 5 at the same time; It is discharged from the tunnel through the shaft 6 under the action of suction. Fresh air is supplied from both ends of the tunnel.

Figure 2 shows that when the smoke monitoring sensor 7 detects that there is smoke, and the smoke concentration detected by two of the smoke monitoring sensors 7 has little difference, and is obviously higher than that of the remaining smoke monitoring sensors 7 , then the central control unit judges that the ignition point is located between the two sensors 7, opens the smoke exhaust outlet 4 near the two smoke monitoring sensors 7, and simultaneously turns on the two exhaust fans 5; the high-temperature flue gas enters through the exhaust outlet 4 quickly The smoke exhaust duct 1 is discharged from the tunnel through the shaft 6 under the suction of the exhaust fan 5 . Fresh air is supplied from both ends of the tunnel.

Claims (3)

1. a point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system, comprising the vertical shaft (6) at both ends of the tunnel in the subway section, the exhaust fan (5) near the vertical shaft (6), it is characterized in that: the vertical shaft at the two ends of the tunnel ( The top of the tunnel between 6) is provided with a smoke exhaust duct (1), and the port of the smoke exhaust duct (1) communicates with the outside world through the vertical shaft (6); the bottom of the smoke exhaust duct (1) is arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction There is a smoke exhaust outlet (4) that can be opened and closed, and a smoke monitoring sensor (7) is installed near the smoke exhaust outlet (4); the exhaust fan (5) is arranged at the inner cavity of the smoke exhaust duct (1) close to the port; The exhaust air outlet (4), the smoke monitoring sensor (7) and the exhaust fan (5) are all electrically connected to the central control unit. 2. A point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said smoke exhaust duct (1) consists of a wall (2) at the top of the tunnel and a fireproof material board (3 ) enclosed; the fireproof material board is connected to the top wall of the tunnel through expansion bolts, and is sealed with a high-temperature fireproof sealing material. 3. A point row type subway tunnel fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the adjacent smoke exhaust outlets is 60-120m.