CN204417280U - The device of Biological Pretreatment and film coupling integral system process villages and small towns tap water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the device of a kind of Biological Pretreatment and film coupling integral system process villages and small towns tap water, comprises bio-reaction system, retains loop and infiltration loop.Bio-reaction system comprises water-in, dosing mouth, blodisc, aerated conduit, sludge pipe, airhood and biological regulating reservoir, retain loop and comprise surge pump, under meter and reflux line, infiltration loop comprises film water-in, film water outlet and hollow-fibre membrane external-compression type assembly, hollow-fibre membrane external-compression type component bottom is successively by film water-in, under meter, surge pump is connected biological regulating reservoir top water outlet with pipeline, hollow-fibre membrane external-compression type assembly top is connected biological regulating reservoir by back flushing water outlet with reflux line, hollow-fibre membrane external-compression type assembly side is provided with film water outlet.The utility model can realize automatic operating, Highly Effective, operates simple and easy, can effectively remove the pollutents such as disease caused by infectious water bacterium, organism and high fluorine, reduces cost of investment, and stable water outlet, be easy to safeguard.

Description

A device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection technology, and relates to the purification technology of drinking water in villages and towns containing germs, organic matter and high fluorine, in particular to a device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling.

Background technique

Water pollution has become a problem that coexists with water shortage in the world today. A large amount of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are continuously discharged to natural water bodies without treatment or only after simple treatment, and the non-point source pollution of surface water caused by the unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in vast rural areas has caused my country's water pollution. Environmental pollution continues to intensify, and water quality continues to decline. Cholera, typhoid, bacillary dysentery and other infectious diseases broke out in some European and American cities in the 19th century. In order to effectively control the spread of such diseases caused by water pollution, water purification technologies such as slow filtration technology were developed. By the 20th century, water purification technology has gradually developed from a single filtration to a conventional water purification process of coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. The conventional water treatment process can mainly remove suspended solids, colloidal substances and germs in water; its treatment process has a certain effect on the removal of organic pollutants in water. In the conventional drinking water treatment process, the turbidity, color and total number of bacteria in the effluent are the main objectives of process control.

For water sources with good water quality, safe and qualified drinking water can be obtained by conventional drinking water treatment processes; however, as the water quality of water sources deteriorates day by day, the limitations of conventional water treatment processes are revealed. The main manifestation is that the polluted source water can only remove 20%~30% of the organic matter in the water through conventional coagulation, sedimentation and filtration processes, and due to the presence of dissolved organic matter, it is not conducive to destroying the stability of the colloid, so that the conventional drinking water treatment process The removal effect of raw water turbidity also decreased significantly. Increasing the dosage of coagulant to improve the treatment effect will not only increase the cost of water treatment, but also may increase the concentration of metal ions in the water, which is not conducive to human health; conventional drinking water treatment processes have no obvious removal of trace organic pollutants in water As a result, the amount of organic matter in water, especially the amount of toxic pollutants, does not change much before and after treatment; halogenated substances produced by pre-chlorination cannot be effectively removed in coagulation, precipitation and filtration.

It can be seen from the above that when the water source is polluted, due to the limitations of the conventional drinking water treatment process, it is difficult to guarantee the safety of the treated drinking water, and it can no longer adapt to the existing water source and water quality standards. New water must be developed. Processing technology. In order to carry out safe and effective treatment of source water and ensure the quality of drinking water.

The biggest feature of membrane separation technology is that it can completely remove particles, colloids, bacteria and some viruses in water. Membrane separation is mainly mechanical sieving. Particles and colloidal substances larger than the pore size of the membrane cannot pass through, while substances smaller than the pore size can pass through. Sometimes, when the membrane prevents particles and colloidal substances larger than the pore size of the membrane, they will also form a dynamic filter layer on the surface of the membrane. They have a barrier effect on pollutants in the water, which is also the principle that the membrane can sometimes separate substances smaller than its pore size. one. In view of this, the membrane has excellent removal of turbidity and bacteria in water, and is one of the very promising methods to replace conventional water treatment.

Biological treatment is a technology that removes pollutants in water through the metabolism of microorganisms. Its advantages are that it can reduce the organic substrate for microbial reproduction in the water distribution system, reduce odor, reduce the precursors of chlorinated disinfection by-products, and prolong the follow-up process. life cycle. The disadvantage is that the infrastructure investment is large, and the metabolic activity of microorganisms is affected by the water temperature. Since natural organic matter such as humic acid is the final product of biodegradation and cannot be biodegraded, biological treatment often cannot be used alone to remove humic acid. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a combined treatment process.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling. Because the hollow fiber membrane does not need a support body, it has a large packing density and can accommodate a lot of membrane area per unit volume. Therefore, the utility model uses HQM series polypropylene hollow fiber membranes and HQM series modified polysulfone hollow fiber membranes. The device can not only effectively remove pollutants such as germs, organic matter and high fluorine, reduce the pollution of drinking water in villages and towns, but also facilitate the intensification of the device and reduce investment costs.

The utility model proposes a device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling, including a biological reaction system, an interception circuit and a permeation circuit, wherein: the biological reaction system includes a water inlet 1, a dosing port 2, and a biological turntable 3. Aeration pipeline 4, sludge pipeline 13, air cover 14 and biological adjustment tank 15, the top of the biological adjustment tank 15 is provided with air cover 14, in which a biological turntable 3 is provided, and the bottom is provided with sludge pipeline 13 and The aeration pipeline 4, the compressed air released from the aeration pipeline 4 drives the air cover 14 to rotate the biological turntable 3; the retention circuit includes a diaphragm pump 5, a flow meter 6 and a return pipeline 12, and the permeation circuit includes a membrane water inlet 7, a membrane The water outlet 9 and the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8, the bottom of the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8 is connected to the top water outlet of the biological adjustment tank 15 through the membrane water inlet 7, the flow meter 6, the diaphragm pump 5 and the pipeline, and the hollow fiber membrane The top of the external pressure module 8 is connected to the bioregulation tank 15 through the backwash water outlet 11 and the return pipe 12 , and a membrane water outlet 9 is provided on one side of the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8 .

In the utility model, the pipeline of the membrane water inlet 7 is provided with a backwash water inlet 10, which doubles as a water outlet pipeline.

The operation method of the device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with the integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling proposed by the utility model, the specific steps are as follows:

The pretreated drinking water of villages and towns flows into the bioregulation tank through the water inlet, and the aeration time is adjusted according to the actual operating conditions. Through the metabolism and flocculation of microorganisms, the organic matrix for microbial reproduction in the water distribution system is reduced, and the odor and chlorine are reduced. Precursors of disinfection by-products can be used to remove pollutants in water. And add coagulant to the biological adjustment tank, through the mechanism of compressing the double layer, electrical neutralization, net capture and sweeping, adsorption bridging and other mechanisms, the colloids and suspended particles in the water will form flocs, and the concentration of suspended particles in the raw water will be changed. The size distribution enables the effective removal of small particles and dissolved pollutants that cannot be retained by the microfiltration membrane alone, which improves the treatment effect and membrane flux, and strengthens the removal effect. The removed pollutants settle to the bottom of the pool and are discharged through the sludge pipeline. . The device optimizes the suction time through the water pump, so that the water sample flows through the hollow fiber membrane and enters the next processing device. In order to prolong its service life, the hollow fiber membrane needs to be backwashed regularly, and the backwashed water is collected and returned to the bioregulation tank for further treatment. The adjustment of the operating conditions of the hollow fiber membrane modules is realized through the pressure control system.

In the utility model, the pretreatment of waste water refers to: filtering and sedimentation to remove suspended impurities in waste water.

In the utility model, the pollutant refers to at least one of germs, organic matter and high fluorine.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the remarkable advantages that the combination of membrane technology and biological pretreatment process is used to reduce the processing load of the membrane, improve the removal effect of germs, organic matter and high fluorine in water, and effectively control the effluent Turbidity, ensuring the biological safety of the effluent, has huge technical and economic advantages.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Numbers in the figure: 1 is the water inlet, 2 is the dosing port, 3 is the biological turntable, 4 is the aeration pipe, 5 is the diaphragm pump, 6 is the flow meter, 7 is the membrane water inlet, 8 is the hollow fiber membrane external pressure type 9 is the membrane water outlet, 10 is the backwash water inlet, 11 is the backwash water outlet, 12 is the retention circuit pipe, 13 is the sludge pipe, 14 is the air cover, and 15 is the biological adjustment tank.

Detailed ways

Below further illustrate the utility model by embodiment:

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, the device includes a biological reaction system, a retaining circuit, and a permeation circuit, wherein the biological reaction system includes a water inlet 1, a dosing port 2, a biological turntable 3, an aeration pipeline 4, and a sludge pipeline 13, the air cover 14 and the biological adjustment tank 15, the compressed air released from the aeration pipeline 4 drives the air cover 14 to make the biological turntable 3 rotate. The retention area includes a diaphragm pump 5, a flow meter 6 and a return pipeline 12, and the permeation area includes a membrane water inlet 7, a membrane water outlet 9 and a hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8 for separating pollutants, backwashing water outlet 11, reverse Rinse the water inlet 10'. When the membrane system is running, it needs to adjust the pressure control system.

Use the above-mentioned device to add village and town drinking water to the reaction system:

The drinking water in the villages and towns flows into the biological adjustment tank 15 from the water inlet 1, and the aeration time of the aeration pipe 4 is adjusted according to the actual operating conditions. The compressed air released from the aeration pipe drives the air cover 14 to rotate the biological turntable 3. 3. Through the metabolism and flocculation of microorganisms, the organic matrix for microbial reproduction in the water distribution system is reduced, the odor is reduced, and the precursors of chlorination disinfection by-products are reduced to remove pollutants in the water. Coagulants, through the mechanism of compressing the double layer, electrical neutralization, net capture and sweeping, adsorption bridging and other mechanisms, the suspended particles, small molecular organic matter, heavy metals, etc. form flocs and deposit to the bottom of the pool and are discharged through the sludge pipeline 13. After a period of time, open the water outlet valve and the diaphragm pump 5 to promote the circulating flow in the device through the diaphragm pump 5. The water sample enters the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8 through the flow meter 6, and the water sample is distributed from the membrane water inlet 7 through 6 channels. The water enters the central nozzle of the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module 8 and cross-flows through the surface of the membrane in an advection manner. The filterable material is driven by the pressure difference through the hollow fiber membrane wall and enters the fiber inner hole to become an ultrafiltrate. Then it flows out from the membrane outlet 9 and enters the next treatment device through the collection, and the rest is concentrated into a concentrated liquid, which flows out through the interception circuit pipeline 12 of the central distribution pipe confluence with 6 holes distributed on the other end of the module shell, and enters the bioreaction area . Due to the regular natural bundles of the fibers, when the raw liquid flows between the fibers, it is in a highly cross-flow state at a relatively high flow rate, which is more beneficial to overcome the concentration polarization of the stagnant layer on the membrane surface, and the pollution resistance (fouling resistance space) Larger, able to adapt to wider water quality or feed conditions, reduce pretreatment process and cost, and have no dead ends for microfiltration permeate. And in this device, in order to solve the difficulties of blockage and backwashing, a fully automatic backwashing device is designed, and the left valve is closed at the membrane water inlet 7, and the clean water flows from the bottom to the top of the backwashing water inlet 10. The flushing water flows into the biological reaction zone system through the return pipe 12 from the upper water outlet to complete a cycle.

Claims (2)

1. A device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling, comprising a biological reaction system, an interception circuit and a permeation circuit, characterized in that: the biological reaction system includes a water inlet (1), a dosing port ( 2), biological turntable (3), aeration pipeline (4), sludge pipeline (13), air cover (14) and biological conditioning tank (15), described biological conditioning tank (15) top is provided with air cover ( 14), which is provided with a biological turntable (3), the bottom is provided with a sludge pipeline (13) and an aeration pipeline (4), and the compressed air released from the aeration pipeline (4) drives the air cover (14) to make The biological turntable (3) rotates; the retaining circuit includes a diaphragm pump (5), a flow meter (6) and a return pipe (12), and the permeation circuit includes a membrane water inlet (7), a membrane water outlet (9) and a hollow fiber membrane external pressure type assembly (8), the bottom of the hollow fiber membrane external pressure type assembly (8) is connected to the top water outlet of the bioregulation tank (15) through the membrane water inlet (7), flow meter (6), diaphragm pump (5) and pipeline in turn, The top of the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module (8) is connected to the bioregulation tank (15) through the backwash outlet (11) and the return pipe (12), and the hollow fiber membrane external pressure module (8) has a membrane outlet on one side (9). 2. The device for treating drinking water in villages and towns with an integrated system of biological pretreatment and membrane coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that a backwash water inlet (10) is provided on the pipeline of the membrane water inlet (7), which also serves as a water pipes.