CN204405448U - A kind of test unit of field test root system of plant pulling test strength - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of testing equipment for the pull-out strength of plant roots, and aims to provide a test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field. This kind of test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field includes plant rhizome clamps, fixed support systems, loading devices, fixed rings, levers, steel rulers for displacement readings, conversion rings, spring dynamometers and hooks, and the fixed support systems include The main fixing bracket, the displacement reading steel ruler fixing bracket, the plant rhizome fixture includes a U-shaped base, a connecting screw, a clamping bolt and a clamping block, and the loading device includes a loading weight plate and a loading hanging basket. The utility model has a simple principle and structure, can adapt to different field test conditions, is easy to operate, and each part of the device can be disassembled and assembled, so it can be easily carried to the field for in-situ testing, and the test results can reflect the plant root system actual mechanical properties.

Description

A test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of testing equipment for the pull-out strength of plant roots, in particular to a test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field.

Background technique

The soil-fixing and slope protection function of plant roots is an important way to implement ecological slope protection. Plant roots and soil together form a root-soil complex, which acts as a reinforcement and anchor to the soil. Its damage mainly includes two modes: root-stem pull-off failure and root-soil interface friction failure. These two failure modes are related to root pullout strength. related. Therefore, testing the pullout strength of plant roots is an important basis for evaluating the effect of plant roots on soil consolidation and slope protection.

At present, there are mainly two types of plant root pullout strength tests: indoor test and field test. Indoor test The tensile strength of the collected root system was obtained through indoor testing. Due to the separation from the soil environment where the plants grow, it is easy to cause the root samples to lose water and dry out, and there are differences between the obtained results and the true value of the root tensile strength. The laboratory test method obtains the tensile strength of the rhizome material, which can only reflect the influence of the rhizome tensile failure mode on the root pullout strength, and cannot reflect the adverse effect of the root-soil interface friction failure mode. Field tests are mainly carried out with engineering pull-out test devices such as jacks, which are complex in operation, high in cost, low in precision, and poor in adaptability to vegetation-covered environments.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots that can meet the requirements of in-situ testing in the field. For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the solution of the present utility model is:

A test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field is provided, including plant rhizome clamps, and also includes a fixed bracket system, a loading device, a fixed ring, a lever, a steel ruler for displacement readings, a conversion ring, a spring dynamometer and a hook; The lever is a telescopic steel pipe with vertical holes at both ends. The lever includes a fixed pipe and a movable end pipe that can be retracted into the fixed pipe. One end of the fixed pipe is a fixed section, and the other end of the fixed pipe is provided with a vertical hole. One end of the movable end pipe can extend into the fixed pipe from the fixed section of the fixed pipe, and the movable end pipe can be telescopically adjusted in the fixed pipe, and the other end of the movable end pipe has a vertical hole;

The fixed bracket system includes a main fixed bracket and a steel ruler fixed bracket for displacement reading;

The main fixed bracket includes a fixed base, a rotating support and at least three supporting feet; the fixed base includes a base panel, a fixed plate and a rotating shaft, and at least three fixed plates and rotating shafts are provided; the base panel is provided with There is a threaded through hole A, and each fixed plate is provided with a threaded through hole B and two U-shaped grooves, the threaded through hole B corresponds to the threaded through hole A, and the fixed plate is connected to the threaded through hole B through the corresponding threaded through hole B. The hole A is superimposed, and the bolt is fixedly connected to the base panel through the upper and lower threaded through holes; the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixed in one of the U-shaped grooves of the two adjacent fixed plates to realize the adjacent two adjacent fixed plates Connection;

The rotating support includes a steel shaft and two bearings; the lower ends of the two bearings are respectively fixed on the base panel through connecting bolts, and the two ends of the steel shaft are respectively fixed on the two bearings; ring and the lower ring, the steel shaft can be connected with the lower ring of the fixed ring through interference fit, and the lever can be connected with the upper ring of the fixed ring through interference fit, so as to realize the connection between the main fixed bracket and the middle part of the fixed section of the lever;

The supporting foot includes a movable foot and a fixed foot cover, the upper end of the movable foot is set in the fixed foot cover; the upper part of the fixed foot cover is provided with a through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on the fixed base can pass through the corresponding supporting foot The through hole of the fixed foot cover realizes the connection and fixation of the fixed foot cover and the corresponding rotating shaft, and enables the supporting foot to rotate around the rotating shaft; the lower part of the fixed foot cover is provided with a locking bolt for fixing the movable foot set in the fixed foot cover , and can realize the telescopic adjustment of the length of the supporting foot by adjusting the length of the movable foot stretching into the fixed foot cover;

The displacement reading steel ruler fixed support includes a fixed panel, an extension rod and at least two supporting ground forks; Extend into one end of the fixed sleeve, and the movable tube can be telescopically adjusted in the fixed sleeve, and the other end of the movable tube is vertically fixed with the displacement reading steel ruler through bolts; the other end of the fixed sleeve is fixed on the On the fixed panel, the fixed panel is provided with a through hole, the upper end of the support ground fork is threaded, the upper end of the support ground fork can pass through the through hole on the fixed panel, and the fixed connection is realized with the fixed panel by using a nut;

The plant rhizome fixture includes a U-shaped base, a connecting screw, a clamping bolt and a clamping block, and two clamping bolts and two clamping blocks are respectively provided; the two clamping blocks are arranged in the U-shaped base with the clamping faces facing each other, and Connect the two groove sides of the U-shaped base through clamping bolts, and one end of the connecting screw is fixed outside the groove bottom of the U-shaped base;

The conversion ring is a ring structure, and the conversion ring is provided with an internally threaded through hole, and the other end of the connecting screw is connected through the internally threaded through hole passing through the conversion ring, so that the connecting screw and the internally threaded through hole on the conversion ring are formed. The nut screw connection pair; the conversion ring is connected with the hook structure at the lower end of the spring dynamometer, and the lower end of the spring dynamometer has an indicator needle, and the indicator needle can point to the displacement reading fixed on the displacement reading steel ruler fixed bracket Steel ruler; the upper end of the spring dynamometer is used to connect with the vertical hole at the end of the fixed pipe of the lever, and is connected by a hook;

The loading device includes a loading weight tray and a loading basket; the loading basket includes at least two steel wire ropes of the same length, the lower end of each steel wire rope is connected to the loading weight disk, and the upper end of each steel wire rope is connected together. The vertical hole at the end of the movable end pipe of the lever is connected with a hook, that is, the loading basket is used to hang the loading weight plate on the end of the movable end pipe of the lever.

As a further improvement, the test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field also includes a spring, the spring is installed between the lever and the base panel, and the connection point between the spring and the lever is on the fixed section of the lever, the middle part of the fixed section and the The active end tube extends between the points.

As a further improvement, the test device for testing the pullout strength of plant roots in the field also includes weights, which are used to be placed on the weight plate when performing the pullout strength test of plant roots.

As a further improvement, a limiting structure is provided between the fixed tube and the movable end tube in the lever, and between the fixed sleeve and the movable tube in the elongated rod; Any position at any position to realize the connection and fixation between the movable end pipe and the fixed pipe, or between the movable pipe and the fixed sleeve.

As a further improvement, the position-limiting structure adopts tightening bolts, and the tightening bolts have a clip (consistent with the shape of the movable end pipe or movable pipe) at one end.

As a further improvement, the test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field also includes an adjustable hook. The adjustable hook is a threaded screw threaded in the middle of the zigzag frame. The lower end of the screw has a hook structure, which can The adjustable hook can realize the height adjustment of the hook-shaped structure through the lifting of the screw rod; the adjustable hook is provided with two, one adjustable hook is arranged between the force-measuring spring gauge and the lever, and the hook-shaped structure at the lower end of the adjustable hook is connected to the lever. The upper end of the force-measuring spring meter is connected, and the upper end of the adjustable hook is connected with the vertical hole at the end of the fixed pipe of the hook and the lever; the other adjustable hook is set between the loading basket and the lever, and the hook shape of the lower end of the adjustable hook is adjusted. The structure is connected with the wire rope of the loading basket, and the upper end of the adjustable hook is connected by the vertical hole at the end of the movable end pipe of the hook and the lever.

As a further improvement, the hooks arranged at both ends of the lever are used for mounting at both ends of the lever, the upper end of the hook passes through the vertical hole of the lever, and is fixed by a nut, and the lower end of the hook is used for connecting with the mounting.

As a further improvement, four supporting legs, fixed plates and rotating shafts are respectively provided, and the supporting legs, fixed plates and rotating shafts are respectively uniformly arranged, that is, between adjacent supporting legs, between adjacent fixing plates, between adjacent The angles formed between the rotating shafts are all 90 degrees.

The working principle of the utility model: clamp the plant rhizome with a clamp, continuously increase the weight on the loading weight plate, use the principle of leverage to make the plant root system stretch continuously until it is pulled out as a whole, and measure it through the spring dynamometer For the pull-out resistance of plant roots, the uplift displacement of plant roots corresponding to different pull-out forces is measured according to the displacement reading steel ruler, and the pull-up resistance-uplift displacement curve is obtained.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model has a simple principle and structure, can adapt to different field test conditions, and is easy to operate;

2. Each part of the device of the present invention can be disassembled and assembled, so it can be easily carried to the field for in-situ testing, and the test results can reflect the actual mechanical properties of the plant root system;

3. Since the lever can be stretched, the length of the force arm on one side of the loading device can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the pull-out strength of the plant root system, and a larger pull-up force can be provided with fewer weights;

4. The weight can be obtained locally, and the standard weight can be replaced by stone, sand, soil, etc., and its mass does not need to be measured, because the spring dynamometer can directly obtain the magnitude of the pull-out force.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of part A in FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed base.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a plant root clamp.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing ring.

The reference signs in the figure are: 1 lever; 2 fixed pipe; 3 movable end pipe; 4 supporting foot; 5 fixed foot cover; 6 movable foot; 7 locking bolt; 8 fixed base; 9 rotating support; 10 hook; 11 Adjustable hook; 12 Spring dynamometer; 13 Conversion ring; 14 Plant root clamp; 15 Support ground fork; 16 Extension rod; 17 Fixed panel; 18 Fixed sleeve; Indicator pin; 22 steel wire rope; 23 weight; 24 loading weight plate; 25 spring; 26 fixed ring; 27 base panel; 28 fixed plate; 29 rotating shaft; 30 bearing; 31 steel shaft; 34 lower ring; 35 U-shaped base; 36 clamping block; 37 clamping bolt; 38 connecting screw; 281 U-shaped groove.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

A kind of test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant root system in the field as shown in Figure 1, comprises plant rhizome clamp 14, fixed support system, loading device, fixed ring 26, lever 1, displacement reading steel ruler 20, conversion ring 13, spring Dynamometer 12, hook 10, spring 25, weight 23 and adjustable hook 11; each part of the test device for testing the pull-out strength of plant roots in the field can be disassembled into single pieces, which is convenient for carrying, storage and on-site installation.

The lever 1 is a telescopic steel pipe with vertical holes at both ends, and the lever 1 includes a fixed tube 2 and a movable end tube 3 that can retract into the fixed tube 2 . One end of the fixed pipe 2 is a fixed section, and the other end of the fixed pipe 2 has a vertical hole, and one end of the movable end pipe 3 can extend into the fixed pipe 2 from the fixed section of the fixed pipe 2, and the movable end pipe 3 can The telescopic adjustment is carried out in the fixed pipe 2, and the other end of the movable end pipe 3 has a vertical hole. A limit structure is also provided between the fixed tube 2 in the lever 1 and the movable end tube 3, and the limit structure is a tightening bolt with a clip matching the shape of the movable end tube 3 at one end. Described hook 10 is provided with two, is arranged on lever 1 two ends respectively, and the upper end of hook 10 passes the vertical hole of lever 1, and utilizes nut to realize fixing, and the lower end of hook 10 is used for being connected with mount. The adjustable hook 11 is a threaded screw threaded into the middle of the frame, and the lower end of the screw has a hook-shaped structure. The adjustment of the height of the hook is realized through the lifting of the screw, and there are two adjustable hooks 11. The upper end is connected with the vertical holes at both ends of the hook 10 and the lever 1 respectively, and the hook structure at the lower end is used to connect with the mount, that is, to be connected with the upper end of the dynamometer spring meter and the steel wire rope 22 of the loading basket respectively.

The fixed bracket system includes a main fixed bracket and a steel ruler fixed bracket for displacement reading.

The main fixed bracket includes a fixed base 8, a rotating support 9 and four supporting feet 4, and the supporting feet 4 are evenly arranged, that is, the angles formed between adjacent supporting feet 4 are all 90 degrees. As shown in Figure 3, the fixed base 8 includes a base panel 27, a fixed plate 28 and a rotating shaft 29, and four fixed plates 28 and rotating shafts 29 are provided, and the fixed plate 28 and the rotating shaft 29 are also uniformly arranged respectively, namely The angles formed between adjacent fixing plates 28 and between adjacent rotating shafts 29 are all 90 degrees. As shown in Figure 4, the base panel 27 is provided with a threaded through hole A, and each fixing plate 28 is provided with a threaded through hole B and two U-shaped grooves 281, the threaded through hole B and the threaded through hole A Correspondingly, the fixed plate 28 is superimposed on the threaded through hole A through the corresponding threaded through hole B, and is fixedly connected to the base panel 27 through the upper and lower threaded through holes with bolts; the two ends of the rotating shaft 29 are respectively fixed on two adjacent fixed plates 28 In one of the U-shaped grooves 281 of the two adjacent fixing plates 28, the connection is realized.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the rotating support 9 includes a steel shaft 31 and two bearings 30 . The lower ends of the two bearings 30 are respectively fixed on the base panel 27 by connecting bolts 32, and the two ends of the steel shaft 31 are respectively fixed on the two bearings 30; the fixed ring 26 includes an upper ring 33 and a lower ring 34 connected to each other , the steel shaft 31 can be connected with the lower ring 34 of the fixed ring 26 through an interference fit, and the lever 1 can be connected with the upper ring 33 of the fixed ring 26 through an interference fit, so that the main fixed bracket is connected with the middle part of the fixed section of the lever 1 , please refer to Figure 6 for details. The spring 25 is installed between the lever 1 and the base panel 27, and the connection point between the spring 25 and the lever 1 is on the fixed section of the lever 1, between the middle part of the fixed section and the insertion point of the movable end pipe 3; Sudden fall of the loading device after breaking.

The supporting foot 4 can be opened and folded and stretched and shortened. The supporting foot 4 includes a movable foot 6 and a fixed foot cover 5. The upper end of the movable foot 6 is set in the fixed foot cover 5; the upper part of the fixed foot cover 5 A through hole is provided, and the corresponding rotating shaft 29 on the fixed base 8 can pass through the through hole of the fixed foot cover 5 in the corresponding supporting foot 4, so that the fixed foot cover 5 is connected and fixed with the corresponding rotating shaft 29 and can rotate around the rotating shaft 29, and the fixed foot The lower part of the sleeve 5 is provided with a locking bolt 7 for fixing the movable foot 6 sleeved in the fixed foot sleeve 5 .

The fixed support for the displacement reading steel ruler includes a fixed panel 17 , an extension rod 16 and at least two support ground forks 15 . The extension rod 16 includes a fixed sleeve 18, a movable tube 19 that can retract into the fixed sleeve 18, and one end of the movable tube 19 stretches into an end of the fixed sleeve 18, and the movable tube 19 can be inserted into the fixed sleeve. Telescopic adjustment is carried out in the pipe 18, and the other end of the movable pipe 19 is vertically fixed with the displacement reading steel ruler 20 by bolts; the other end of the fixed sleeve 18 is fixed on the fixed panel 17 by connecting bolts 32, and the fixed panel 17 A through hole is provided on the top, and the upper end of the ground fork 15 is threaded, and the upper end of the ground fork 15 can pass through the through hole on the fixed panel 17, and is fixedly connected with the fixed panel 17 by a nut. A limiting structure is also provided between the fixed sleeve 18 and the movable tube 19 in the extension rod 16 , and the limiting structure is a tightening bolt with a clip matching the shape of the movable tube 19 at one end.

The fixed support system is far away from the root system of the test sample, avoiding the influence of the test instrument on the test result and reducing external interference.

Described plant rhizome fixture 14 comprises U-shaped base 35, connecting screw rod 38, clamping bolt 37 and clamping block 36, and clamping bolt 37, clamping block 36 are respectively provided with two; The holding surfaces are arranged in the U-shaped base 35 facing each other, and are respectively connected with two groove edges of the U-shaped base 35 by clamping bolts 37 , and one end of the connecting screw 38 is fixed outside the groove bottom of the U-shaped base 35 .

The conversion ring 13 is a ring structure, and the conversion ring 13 is provided with an internally threaded through hole, and the other end of the connecting screw 38 is connected through the internally threaded through hole passing through the conversion ring 13, so that the connection screw 38 and the conversion ring 13 are connected. The internally threaded through hole constitutes the nut screw connection pair; the conversion ring 13 is connected to the hook structure at the lower end of the spring dynamometer 12, and the lower end of the spring dynamometer 12 has an indicator needle 21, and the indicator needle 21 can point to a fixed Displacement reading steel ruler 20 on the displacement reading steel ruler fixed support; The upper end of spring dynamometer 12 is used for the fixed pipe 2 end vertical holes of lever 1, utilizes adjustable hook 11 to realize connection.

The loading device includes a loading weight pan 24, a weight 23 and a loading basket. The loading basket includes at least two steel wire ropes 22 of the same length, the lower end of each steel wire rope 22 is connected to the loading weight plate 24, and the upper end of each steel wire rope 22 is connected together for connecting with the movable end pipe 3 of the lever 1 The vertical hole is connected with the adjustable hook 11, that is, the loading basket is used to hang the loading weight plate 24 at the end of the movable end pipe 3 of the lever 1. The weight 23 is used to be placed on the loading weight plate 24 when performing the root pullout strength test of the plant.

During the test test: first reassemble the various parts of the test device, the lever 1 is connected with the upper ring 33 of the fixed ring 26 through an interference fit, and the steel shaft 31 of the rotating support 9 is connected with the lower ring 34 of the fixed ring 26 through an interference fit Connected and fixed on the bearing 30 of the rotating support 9, the lower end of the bearing 30 is fixed on the base panel 27 through the connecting bolt 32, forming a lever 1 with the bearing 30 as the fulcrum and rotatable around it (the steel shaft 31 is fixed on the bearing 30, the steel shaft 31 rotates to drive the lever 1 to rotate, but it can only rotate in the plane on the base panel 27 upper side, and cannot rotate 360°); a spring 25 is installed between the lever 1 and the base panel 27 to avoid The sudden rotation of the lever 1; the base panel 27 and the fixed plate 28 are connected with the supporting feet 4 through the rotating shaft 29, and several are connected as one. The wire rope 22 of the loading basket is connected to the lower end of the adjustable hook 11, and is connected to the end of the lever 1 with the movable end pipe 3 through the hook 10; the hook 10 passes through the vertical hole of the lever 1 and is fixed on the lever 1 through a nut. The end of the spring dynamometer 12 is connected to the adjustable hook 11, and is connected to the other end of the lever 1 through the hook 10. The connecting screw 38 of the plant rhizome clamp 14 passes through the screw hole of the conversion ring 13, and forms a nut and screw connection pair with the screw hole, and the conversion ring 13 is connected with the hook structure at the lower end of the spring dynamometer 12 again.

The support ground fork 15 passes through the through hole on the fixed panel 17, and is fixedly connected with the fixed panel 17 by a nut, and one end of the fixed sleeve 18 of the extension rod 16 is fixed on the fixed panel 17 by a connecting bolt 32, and the three are fixedly connected as one , forming a steel ruler fixed bracket system for displacement reading. The displacement reading steel ruler 20 is vertically fixed on one end of the movable pipe 19 of the elongated rod 16 by bolts. The indicator pin 21 at the lower end of the spring dynamometer 12 points to the steel ruler 20 for displacement reading.

In the specific use process: the tester first adjusts the movable feet 6 to a suitable length, and erects the main fixed support system next to the root system of the plant to be tested, and then erects the displacement reading steel ruler fixed support system at the side without displacement, where the support The ground fork 15 is anchored in the ground, and the displacement reading steel ruler 20 is attached to the indicator pin 21 by adjusting the telescopic rod, and the indicator pin 21 is changed to a suitable position by adjusting the hook 11 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the rhizome whose upper end of the plant root system is exposed to the ground passes through the middle of the two clamping blocks 36 of the plant root clamp 14 , and the clamping bolts 37 are respectively tightened to clamp the root of the plant.

As shown in Figure 1, adjust the length of the movable end tube 3 of the lever 1 to a suitable position, apply a weight 23 on the loading weight plate 24, and the plant root system will be continuously stretched, and the spring force gauge 12 and the displacement reading steel 20 feet to read the pull-out force and up-lift displacement of the plant root system until the plant root system is pulled out to complete a measurement of the mechanical properties of the plant root system's pull-out resistance; the next plant root system can be measured by re-erecting the position of the bracket . After all the measurement experiments are completed, the device can be disassembled into individual pieces for easy portability.

Finally, it should be noted that what is listed above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All deformations that a person skilled in the art can derive or associate directly from the content disclosed in the utility model shall be considered as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a test unit for field test root system of plant pulling test strength, comprises plant roots and stems fixture, it is characterized in that, also comprises fixing bracket system, charger, set collar, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook; Described lever is the telescopic steel pipe that two ends have vertical hole, lever comprises the movable end pipe of stationary pipes and retractable stationary pipes inside, one end of stationary pipes is canned paragraph, the other end of stationary pipes has vertical hole, one end of described movable end pipe can be stretched in stationary pipes from the canned paragraph of stationary pipes, and movable end pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in stationary pipes, the other end of movable end pipe has vertical hole;

Described fixing bracket system comprises main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support;

Described main anchor comprises fixed pedestal, rotational support and at least three feets; Described fixed pedestal comprises face plate of foundation, fixed head and rotating shaft, and fixed head and rotating shaft are all at least provided with three; Face plate of foundation is provided with tapped through hole A, each fixed head is provided with tapped through hole B and two U-lag, described tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, and fixed head is superposed with tapped through hole A by corresponding tapped through hole B, utilizes bolt to pass upper and lower tapped through hole and is fixedly connected on face plate of foundation; The two ends of rotating shaft are separately fixed in one of them U-lag of adjacent two fixed heads, realize the connection of adjacent two fixed heads;

Described rotational support comprises steel axle and two bearings; The lower end of two bearings is fixed on face plate of foundation respectively by coupling bolt, and the two ends of steel axle are separately fixed on two bearings; Described set collar comprises interconnective upper ring and a lower ring, and steel axle is connected with the lower ring of set collar by interference fit, and described lever energy is connected with the pressed on ring of set collar by interference fit, realizes main anchor and is connected with in the middle part of the canned paragraph of lever;

Described feet comprises movable supporting leg and fixing footmuff, and the upper end of movable supporting leg is set in fixing footmuff; The top of described fixing footmuff is provided with through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on fixed pedestal through the through hole fixing footmuff in corresponding feet, can realize fixing footmuff and be connected and fixed with corresponding rotating shaft, and feet can be rotated around the axis; The bottom of fixing footmuff is provided with clamping screw, is located at the movable supporting leg in fixing footmuff for fixed cover, and stretches into the length in fixing footmuff by adjustment movable supporting leg, realizes the telescopic adjustment of feet length;

Described displacement readings steel ruler fixed support comprises fixed panel, extension rod and at least two earth-supporting branches; Described extension rod comprises the adjustable pipe of fixed sleeving, retractable fixed sleeving inside, one end of described adjustable pipe is stretched in one end of fixed sleeving, and adjustable pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving, the other end of adjustable pipe is vertically fixed with described displacement readings steel ruler by bolt; The other end of fixed sleeving is fixed on fixed panel by coupling bolt, described fixed panel is provided with through hole, the upper end of propping up earth-supporting branch is threaded, and the upper end of an earth-supporting branch can through the through hole on fixed panel, and utilize nut and fixed panel to achieve a fixed connection;

Described plant roots and stems fixture comprises U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and fishbolt, fixture block are respectively provided with two; Two fixture blocks are arranged in U-shaped base in opposite directions with clamping face, and are connected with two trough rims of U-shaped base respectively by fishbolt, and one end of connecting screw rod is fixed on the bottom land outside of U-shaped base;

Described ring of changing is into ring texture, and conversion ring is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod, by connecting through the internal thread through hole of conversion ring, realizes connecting screw rod and forms nut-screw auxiliary connection with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring; Conversion ring is connected with the hook-shape structure of described weight beam lower end again, and the lower end of weight beam is with pointer, and pointer can point to the displacement readings steel ruler be fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support; The upper end of weight beam, for the vertical hole, stationary pipes end with lever, utilizes hook to realize connecting;

Described charger comprises loading scale pan and loads hanging basket; Described loading hanging basket comprises the identical wire rope of at least two length, the lower end of every root wire rope is connected with loading scale pan, the upper end of every root wire rope links together, for the vertical hole of movable end tube end with lever, utilize hook to realize connecting, namely load hanging basket and be used for loading scale pan to hang the movable end tube end being located at lever.

2. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises spring, spring fitting is between lever and face plate of foundation, and the tie point of spring and lever is on the canned paragraph of lever, in the middle part of canned paragraph and between movable end pipe stretches into a little.

3. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises counterweight, and counterweight is used for, when carrying out the test of root system of plant pulling test strength, being placed on and loading on scale pan.

4. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the stationary pipes in described lever and the fixed sleeving between movable end pipe, in extension rod and between adjustable pipe, is all provided with position limiting structure; Position limiting structure in the optional position of movable end pipe or adjustable pipe, can realize between movable end pipe and stationary pipes, or being connected and fixed between adjustable pipe and fixed sleeving.

5. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described position limiting structure adopts and tights a bolt, and tights a bolt as one end is with intermediate plate.

6. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises adjustable hook, adjustable hook is be located in the screwed screw rod in the middle of square shape framework, screw rod lower end is with hook-shape structure, adjustable hook is by the lifting of screw rod, and the height realizing hook-shape structure regulates; Described adjustable hook is provided with two, an adjustable hook is arranged between dynamometer spring meter and lever, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the upper end of dynamometer spring meter, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole in hook and the stationary pipes end of lever to realize being connected; Another adjustable hook is arranged on and loads between hanging basket and lever, and the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the wire rope loading hanging basket, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole of hook and the movable end tube end of lever to realize being connected.

7. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described carry of hook for lever two ends being arranged on lever two ends, the vertical hole of lever is passed in the upper end of hook, and it is fixing to utilize nut to realize, the lower end of hook is used for being connected with carry.

8. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are all respectively equipped with four, and feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are evenly arranged respectively, namely between adjacent supports pin, between adjacent fixed plate, between adjacent shafts, the angle of formation is all 90 degree.