CN104729925A - Testing device for testing anti-pulling strength of plant roots outdoors - Google Patents
Testing device for testing anti-pulling strength of plant roots outdoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN104729925A CN104729925A CN201510069541.4A CN201510069541A CN104729925A CN 104729925 A CN104729925 A CN 104729925A CN 201510069541 A CN201510069541 A CN 201510069541A CN 104729925 A CN104729925 A CN 104729925A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of testing of the anti-pulling strength of plant roots and aims at providing a testing device for testing the anti-pulling strength of the plant roots outdoors. The testing device for testing the anti-pulling strength of the plant roots outdoors comprises a plant root and stem clamp, a fixing bracket system, a loading device, a fixing ring, a lever, a displacement reading steel rule, a conversion ring, a spring dynamometer and a hook, wherein the fixing bracket system comprises a main fixing bracket and a displacement reading steel rule fixing bracket; the plant root and stem clamp comprises a U-shaped base, a connection screw rod, a clamping bolt and a clamping block; and the loading device comprises a loading weight disc and a loading hanging basket. The testing device has a simple principle and structure, can be suitable for different outdoor field testing conditions and is convenient to operate; all the parts of the device can be dismounted and mounted so that the testing device can be conveniently carried to an outdoor place to carry out a field in-situ test; and a testing result can reflect the actual mechanical properties of the plant roots.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to root system of plant pulling test strength testing apparatus field, particularly a kind of test unit of field test root system of plant pulling test strength.
Background technology
The soil and slope protection effect of root system of plant is a kind of important way implementing ecological revetment.Root system of plant and soil form radical operators jointly, serve reinforcement anchorage effect to the soil body, and its destruction mainly contains rhizome tensile failure model and Root-soil interface friction destruction two kinds of patterns, and these two kinds of failure modes are all relevant with root system pulling test strength.Therefore, testing the pulling test strength of root system of plant is the important evidence of evaluate plant roots system soil and slope protection effect.
At present, the test of root system of plant pulling test strength mainly contains shop experiment and site test two class.Shop experiment obtains its tensile strength by carrying out indoor test to collection root system.Owing to departing from the soil body environment of plant growth, easily cause the dehydration of root system sample to become dry, there are differences between the result of acquisition and root tensile strength actual value.What indoor test method obtained is the tensile strength of rhizome material, only can reflect that rhizome tensile failure model pattern is on the impact of root system pulling test strength, can not reflect the adverse effect of Root-soil interface friction destruction pattern.Site test mainly adopts the engineering pulling resistance testing device of lifting jack one class to carry out, complicated operation, and costly, precision is low, bad adaptability in vegetative coverage environment.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of root system of plant pulling test strength proving installation that can adapt to the requirement of field condition in-situ test.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of test unit of field test root system of plant pulling test strength is provided, comprises plant roots and stems fixture, also comprise fixing bracket system, charger, set collar, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook; Described lever is the telescopic steel pipe that two ends have vertical hole, lever comprises the movable end pipe of stationary pipes and retractable stationary pipes inside, one end of stationary pipes is canned paragraph, the other end of stationary pipes has vertical hole, one end of described movable end pipe can be stretched in stationary pipes from the canned paragraph of stationary pipes, and movable end pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in stationary pipes, the other end of movable end pipe has vertical hole;
Described fixing bracket system comprises main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support;
Described main anchor comprises fixed pedestal, rotational support and at least three feets; Described fixed pedestal comprises face plate of foundation, fixed head and rotating shaft, and fixed head and rotating shaft are all at least provided with three; Face plate of foundation is provided with tapped through hole A, each fixed head is provided with tapped through hole B and two U-lag, described tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, and fixed head is superposed with tapped through hole A by corresponding tapped through hole B, utilizes bolt to pass upper and lower tapped through hole and is fixedly connected on face plate of foundation; The two ends of rotating shaft are separately fixed in one of them U-lag of adjacent two fixed heads, realize the connection of adjacent two fixed heads;
Described rotational support comprises steel axle and two bearings; The lower end of two bearings is fixed on face plate of foundation respectively by coupling bolt, and the two ends of steel axle are separately fixed on two bearings; Described set collar comprises interconnective upper ring and a lower ring, and steel axle is connected with the lower ring of set collar by interference fit, and described lever energy is connected with the pressed on ring of set collar by interference fit, realizes main anchor and is connected with in the middle part of the canned paragraph of lever;
Described feet comprises movable supporting leg and fixing footmuff, and the upper end of movable supporting leg is set in fixing footmuff; The top of described fixing footmuff is provided with through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on fixed pedestal through the through hole fixing footmuff in corresponding feet, can realize fixing footmuff and be connected and fixed with corresponding rotating shaft, and feet can be rotated around the axis; The bottom of fixing footmuff is provided with clamping screw, is located at the movable supporting leg in fixing footmuff for fixed cover, and stretches into the length in fixing footmuff by adjustment movable supporting leg, realizes the telescopic adjustment of feet length;
Described displacement readings steel ruler fixed support comprises fixed panel, extension rod and at least two earth-supporting branches; Described extension rod comprises the adjustable pipe of fixed sleeving, retractable fixed sleeving inside, one end of described adjustable pipe is stretched in one end of fixed sleeving, and adjustable pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving, the other end of adjustable pipe is vertically fixed with described displacement readings steel ruler by bolt; The other end of fixed sleeving is fixed on fixed panel by coupling bolt, described fixed panel is provided with through hole, the upper end of propping up earth-supporting branch is threaded, and the upper end of an earth-supporting branch can through the through hole on fixed panel, and utilize nut and fixed panel to achieve a fixed connection;
Described plant roots and stems fixture comprises U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and fishbolt, fixture block are respectively provided with two; Two fixture blocks are arranged in U-shaped base in opposite directions with clamping face, and are connected with two trough rims of U-shaped base respectively by fishbolt, and one end of connecting screw rod is fixed on the bottom land outside of U-shaped base;
Described ring of changing is into ring texture, and conversion ring is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod, by connecting through the internal thread through hole of conversion ring, realizes connecting screw rod and forms nut-screw auxiliary connection with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring; Conversion ring is connected with the hook-shape structure of described weight beam lower end again, and the lower end of weight beam is with pointer, and pointer can point to the displacement readings steel ruler be fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support; The upper end of weight beam, for the vertical hole, stationary pipes end with lever, utilizes hook to realize connecting;
Described charger comprises loading scale pan and loads hanging basket; Described loading hanging basket comprises the identical wire rope of at least two length, the lower end of every root wire rope is connected with loading scale pan, the upper end of every root wire rope links together, for the vertical hole of movable end tube end with lever, utilize hook to realize connecting, namely load hanging basket and be used for loading scale pan to hang the movable end tube end being located at lever.
As further improvement, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises spring, spring fitting is between lever and face plate of foundation, and the tie point of spring and lever is on the canned paragraph of lever, in the middle part of canned paragraph and between movable end pipe stretches into a little.
As further improvement, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises counterweight, and counterweight is used for, when carrying out the test of root system of plant pulling test strength, being placed on and loading on scale pan.
As further improvement, the stationary pipes in described lever and the fixed sleeving between movable end pipe, in extension rod and between adjustable pipe, be all provided with position limiting structure; Position limiting structure in the optional position of movable end pipe or adjustable pipe, can realize between movable end pipe and stationary pipes, or being connected and fixed between adjustable pipe and fixed sleeving.
As further improvement, described position limiting structure adopts and tights a bolt, and tights a bolt as one end is with (matching with movable end pipe or adjustable pipe shape) intermediate plate.
As further improvement, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises adjustable hook, adjustable hook is be located in the screwed screw rod in the middle of square shape framework, screw rod lower end is with hook-shape structure, adjustable hook is by the lifting of screw rod, and the height realizing hook-shape structure regulates; Described adjustable hook is provided with two, an adjustable hook is arranged between dynamometer spring meter and lever, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the upper end of dynamometer spring meter, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole in hook and the stationary pipes end of lever to realize being connected; Another adjustable hook is arranged on and loads between hanging basket and lever, and the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the wire rope loading hanging basket, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole of hook and the movable end tube end of lever to realize being connected.
As further improvement, described in be arranged on the carry of hook for lever two ends at lever two ends, the upper end of hook is through the vertical hole of lever, and it is fixing to utilize nut to realize, and the lower end of hook is used for being connected with carry.
Namely between adjacent supports pin as further improvement, described feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are all respectively equipped with four, and feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are evenly arranged respectively, and, between adjacent fixed plate, between adjacent shafts, the angle of formation is all 90 degree.
Principle of work of the present invention: by plant roots and stems clamp, loading scale pan constantly increases counterweight, utilize lever principle, root system of plant is constantly stretched, until extracted by entirety, measured the withdrawal resistance of root system of plant by weight beam, root system of plant uplift displacement corresponding under measuring different withdrawal resistance according to displacement readings steel ruler, obtains withdrawal resistance-uplift displacement curve.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, principle of the present invention and structure simply, can adapt to different field condition test conditions, easy to operate;
2, the detachable and assembling of device each several part of the present invention, therefore field can be carried to easily carry out on-the-spot in-situ test, test result can reflect the actual mechanical characteristic of root system of plant;
3, because lever can stretch, according to the torque arm length of the actual conditions adjustment charger side of root system of plant pulling test strength size, just larger uplift force can be provided by less counterweight;
4, counterweight can be gathered materials on the spot, and replace standard test weight with stone, sand, soil etc., and do not need to measure its quality, reason is that weight beam directly can obtain the size of withdrawal resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device one-piece construction figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the close-up schematic view of part A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fixed pedestal.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fixed head.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of plant roots and stems fixture.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of set collar.
Reference numeral in figure is: 1 lever; 2 stationary pipes; 3 movable end pipes; 4 feets; 5 fixing footmuffs; 6 movable supporting legs; 7 clamping screws; 8 fixed pedestals; 9 rotational support; 10 hooks; 11 adjustable hooks; 12 weight beams; 13 conversion rings; 14 plant roots and stems fixtures; 15 earth-supporting branches; 16 extension rods; 17 fixed panels; 18 fixed sleevings; 19 adjustable pipe; 20 displacement readings steel rulers; 21 pointers; 22 wire rope; 23 counterweights; 24 load scale pan; 25 springs; 26 set collars; 27 face plate of foundations; 28 fixed heads; 29 rotating shafts; 30 bearings; 31 steel axles; 32 coupling bolts; 33 pressed on rings; 34 times rings; 35U type base; 36 fixture blocks; 37 fishbolts; 38 connecting screw rods; 281U shape groove.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
The test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength as shown in Figure 1, comprises plant roots and stems fixture 14, fixing bracket system, charger, set collar 26, lever 1, displacement readings steel ruler 20, conversion ring 13, weight beam 12, hook 10, spring 25, counterweight 23 and adjustable hook 11; The each several part of the test unit of this field test root system of plant pulling test strength all can be split as single-piece, is easy to carry, receives and in-site installation.
The telescopic steel pipe in described lever 1 vertical hole for two ends have, lever 1 comprises the movable end pipe 3 of stationary pipes 2 and retractable stationary pipes 2 inside.One end of stationary pipes 2 is canned paragraph, the other end of stationary pipes 2 has vertical hole, one end of described movable end pipe 3 can be stretched in stationary pipes 2 from the canned paragraph of stationary pipes 2, and movable end pipe 3 can carry out telescopic adjustment in stationary pipes 2, and the other end of movable end pipe 3 has vertical hole.Also be provided with position limiting structure between stationary pipes 2 in lever 1 and movable end pipe 3, to be one end to match tighting a bolt of intermediate plate with movable end pipe 3 shape position limiting structure.Described hook 10 is provided with two, is separately positioned on lever 1 two ends, and the vertical hole of lever 1 is passed in the upper end of hook 10, and it is fixing to utilize nut to realize, and the lower end of hook 10 is used for being connected with carry.Described adjustable hook 11 penetrates screwed screw rod in the middle of square shape framework, and screw rod lower end, with hook-shape structure, is realized the adjustment of hook height, is also provided with two by the lifting of screw rod; The upper end of two adjustable hooks 11 utilizes the vertical hole in hook 10 and the two ends of lever 1 to realize being connected respectively, and the hook-shape structure of lower end is used for being connected with carry, is namely respectively used to be connected with the wire rope 22 of the upper end of dynamometer spring meter, loading hanging basket.
Described fixing bracket system comprises main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support.
Described main anchor comprises fixed pedestal 8, rotational support 9 and four feets 4, and feet 4 is evenly arranged, and the angle namely formed between adjacent supports pin 4 is all 90 degree.As shown in Figure 3, described fixed pedestal 8 comprises face plate of foundation 27, fixed head 28 and rotating shaft 29, and fixed head 28 and rotating shaft 29 are all provided with four, and fixed head 28 and rotating shaft 29 are also evenly arranged respectively, namely between adjacent fixed plate 28, between adjacent shafts 29, the angle of formation is all 90 degree.As shown in Figure 4, face plate of foundation 27 is provided with tapped through hole A, each fixed head 28 is provided with tapped through hole B and two U-lag 281, described tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, fixed head 28 is superposed with tapped through hole A by corresponding tapped through hole B, utilizes bolt to pass upper and lower tapped through hole and is fixedly connected on face plate of foundation 27; The two ends of rotating shaft 29 are separately fixed in one of them U-lag 281 of adjacent two fixed heads 28, realize the connection of adjacent two fixed heads 28.
As shown in Figure 2, described rotational support 9 comprises steel axle 31 and two bearings 30.The lower end of two bearings 30 is fixed on face plate of foundation 27 respectively by coupling bolt 32, and the two ends of steel axle 31 are separately fixed on two bearings 30; Described set collar 26 comprises interconnective pressed on ring 33 and lower ring 34, steel axle 31 is connected with the lower ring 34 of set collar 26 by interference fit, described lever 1 is connected with the pressed on ring 33 of set collar 26 by interference fit, realize main anchor to be connected with in the middle part of the canned paragraph of lever 1, specifically can with reference to figure 6.Described spring 25 is arranged between lever 1 and face plate of foundation 27, and spring 25 is on the canned paragraph of lever 1 with the tie point of lever 1, in the middle part of canned paragraph and between movable end pipe 3 stretches into a little; After avoiding sample fracture, charger falls suddenly.
Described feet 4 expansible draws in and Retractable, and feet 4 comprises movable supporting leg 6 and fixing footmuff 5, and the upper end of movable supporting leg 6 is set in fixing footmuff 5; The top of described fixing footmuff 5 is provided with through hole, corresponding rotating shaft 29 on fixed pedestal 8 can through the through hole fixing footmuff 5 in corresponding feet 4, realize fixing footmuff 5 be connected and fixed with corresponding rotating shaft 29 and can 29 rotate around the shaft, the bottom of fixing footmuff 5 is provided with clamping screw 7, is located at the movable supporting leg 6 in fixing footmuff 5 for fixed cover.
Described displacement readings steel ruler fixed support comprises fixed panel 17, extension rod 16 and at least two earth-supporting branches 15.Described extension rod 16 comprises the adjustable pipe 19 of fixed sleeving 18, retractable fixed sleeving 18 inside, one end of described adjustable pipe 19 is stretched in one end of fixed sleeving 18, and adjustable pipe 19 can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving 18, the other end of adjustable pipe 19 is vertically fixed with described displacement readings steel ruler 20 by bolt; The other end of fixed sleeving 18 is fixed on fixed panel 17 by coupling bolt 32, described fixed panel 17 is provided with through hole, the upper end of propping up earth-supporting branch 15 is threaded, and the upper end of an earth-supporting branch 15 can through the through hole on fixed panel 17, and utilize nut and fixed panel 17 to achieve a fixed connection.Also be provided with position limiting structure between fixed sleeving 18 in extension rod 16 and adjustable pipe 19, to be one end to match tighting a bolt of intermediate plate with adjustable pipe 19 shape position limiting structure.
This fixing bracket system, away from test sample book root system, avoids testing tool on the impact of test result, reduces extraneous interference.
Described plant roots and stems fixture 14 comprises U-shaped base 35, connecting screw rod 38, fishbolt 37 and fixture block 36, and fishbolt 37, fixture block 36 are respectively provided with two pieces; The identical fixture block 36 in two pieces, left and right is arranged in U-shaped base 35 in opposite directions with clamping face, and is connected with two trough rims of U-shaped base 35 respectively by fishbolt 37, and one end of connecting screw rod 38 is fixed on the bottom land outside of U-shaped base 35.
Described ring 13 of changing is into ring texture, and conversion ring 13 is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod 38, by connecting through the internal thread through hole of conversion ring 13, realizes connecting screw rod 38 and forms nut-screw auxiliary connection with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring 13; Conversion ring 13 is connected with the hook-shape structure of described weight beam 12 lower end again, and the lower end of weight beam 12 is with pointer 21, and pointer 21 can point to the displacement readings steel ruler 20 be fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support; The upper end of weight beam 12, for the vertical hole, stationary pipes 2 end with lever 1, utilizes adjustable hook 11 to realize connecting.
Described charger comprises loading scale pan 24, counterweight 23 and loads hanging basket.Described loading hanging basket comprises the identical wire rope 22 of at least two length, the lower end of every root wire rope 22 is connected with loading scale pan 24, the upper end of every root wire rope 22 links together, for the vertical hole, movable end pipe 3 end with lever 1, utilize adjustable hook 11 to realize connecting, namely load hanging basket and be used for loading scale pan 24 to hang movable end pipe 3 end being located at lever 1.Described counterweight 23, for when carrying out the test of root system of plant pulling test strength, being placed on and loading on scale pan 24.
During experimental test: first each several part of test unit is re-assemblied, lever 1 is connected with the pressed on ring 33 of set collar 26 by interference fit, the steel axle 31 of rotational support 9 is connected with the lower ring 34 of set collar 26 by interference fit, and be fixed on the bearing 30 of rotational support 9, bearing 30 lower end is fixed on face plate of foundation 27 by coupling bolt 32, being formed with bearing 30 be that (steel axle 31 is fixed on bearing 30 the fulcrum lever 1 that also can rotate around it, steel axle 31 rotates and drives lever 1 to rotate, but can only rotation with in surface on the upside of face plate of foundation 27, can not 360 ° of rotations), one spring 25 is installed between lever 1 and face plate of foundation 27 again, avoids the unexpected rotation of lever 1, face plate of foundation 27 is connected with feet 4 by rotating shaft 29 with fixed head 28, and a few person connects as one.The wire rope 22 loading hanging basket is connected with the lower end of adjustable hook 11, and is connected with one end with movable end pipe 3 of lever 1 by hook 10; Hook 10, through the vertical hole of lever 1, is fixed on the end of lever 1 by nut; Weight beam 12 upper end is connected with adjustable hook 11, and is connected with the other end of lever 1 by hook 10.The connecting screw rod 38 of plant roots and stems fixture 14 passes from the screw of conversion ring 13, forms nut-screw auxiliary connection with screw, and conversion ring 13 is connected with the hook-shape structure of weight beam 12 lower end again.
Prop up earth-supporting branch 15 through the through hole on fixed panel 17, be fixedly connected with fixed panel 17 by nut, fixed sleeving 18 one end of extension rod 16 is fixed on fixed panel 17 by coupling bolt 32, and three is connected to one, and forms displacement readings steel ruler fixing bracket system.Displacement readings steel ruler 20 is vertically fixed on adjustable pipe 19 one end of extension rod 16 by bolt.The pointer 21 of weight beam 12 lower end points to displacement readings steel ruler 20.
In concrete use procedure: first testing crew adjusts movable supporting leg 6 to suitable length, and main anchor system is erected at by root system of plant to be measured, then displacement readings steel ruler fixing bracket system is erected at non-displacement place, side, wherein prop up earth-supporting branch 15 and be anchored at underground, by adjustment expansion link, displacement readings steel ruler 20 is against pointer 21, changing pointer 21 by adjustable hook 11 is suitable position.
As shown in Figure 5, the rhizome basseted root system of plant upper end passes in the middle of two pieces of fixture blocks 36 of plant roots and stems fixture 14, tightens fishbolt 37 respectively to clamp the rhizome of plant.
As shown in Figure 1, movable end pipe 3 length of adjustment lever 1 is to suitable position, loading scale pan 24 applies counterweight 23, root system of plant will constantly be stretched, withdrawal resistance, the uplift displacement amount of root system of plant is read by weight beam 12 and displacement readings steel ruler 20, until root system of plant is pulled out, complete the measurement of a root system of plant anti-pulling mechanical characteristic; Again the measurement of next root system of plant can be carried out in the position of erection bracket.After all experiments of measuring complete, this device can be disassembled as each single-piece, be easy to carry.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, a lot of distortion can also be had.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a test unit for field test root system of plant pulling test strength, comprises plant roots and stems fixture, it is characterized in that, also comprises fixing bracket system, charger, set collar, lever, displacement readings steel ruler, conversion ring, weight beam and hook; Described lever is the telescopic steel pipe that two ends have vertical hole, lever comprises the movable end pipe of stationary pipes and retractable stationary pipes inside, one end of stationary pipes is canned paragraph, the other end of stationary pipes has vertical hole, one end of described movable end pipe can be stretched in stationary pipes from the canned paragraph of stationary pipes, and movable end pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in stationary pipes, the other end of movable end pipe has vertical hole;
Described fixing bracket system comprises main anchor, displacement readings steel ruler fixed support;
Described main anchor comprises fixed pedestal, rotational support and at least three feets; Described fixed pedestal comprises face plate of foundation, fixed head and rotating shaft, and fixed head and rotating shaft are all at least provided with three; Face plate of foundation is provided with tapped through hole A, each fixed head is provided with tapped through hole B and two U-lag, described tapped through hole B is corresponding with tapped through hole A, and fixed head is superposed with tapped through hole A by corresponding tapped through hole B, utilizes bolt to pass upper and lower tapped through hole and is fixedly connected on face plate of foundation; The two ends of rotating shaft are separately fixed in one of them U-lag of adjacent two fixed heads, realize the connection of adjacent two fixed heads;
Described rotational support comprises steel axle and two bearings; The lower end of two bearings is fixed on face plate of foundation respectively by coupling bolt, and the two ends of steel axle are separately fixed on two bearings; Described set collar comprises interconnective upper ring and a lower ring, and steel axle is connected with the lower ring of set collar by interference fit, and described lever energy is connected with the pressed on ring of set collar by interference fit, realizes main anchor and is connected with in the middle part of the canned paragraph of lever;
Described feet comprises movable supporting leg and fixing footmuff, and the upper end of movable supporting leg is set in fixing footmuff; The top of described fixing footmuff is provided with through hole, and the corresponding rotating shaft on fixed pedestal through the through hole fixing footmuff in corresponding feet, can realize fixing footmuff and be connected and fixed with corresponding rotating shaft, and feet can be rotated around the axis; The bottom of fixing footmuff is provided with clamping screw, is located at the movable supporting leg in fixing footmuff for fixed cover, and stretches into the length in fixing footmuff by adjustment movable supporting leg, realizes the telescopic adjustment of feet length;
Described displacement readings steel ruler fixed support comprises fixed panel, extension rod and at least two earth-supporting branches; Described extension rod comprises the adjustable pipe of fixed sleeving, retractable fixed sleeving inside, one end of described adjustable pipe is stretched in one end of fixed sleeving, and adjustable pipe can carry out telescopic adjustment in fixed sleeving, the other end of adjustable pipe is vertically fixed with described displacement readings steel ruler by bolt; The other end of fixed sleeving is fixed on fixed panel by coupling bolt, described fixed panel is provided with through hole, the upper end of propping up earth-supporting branch is threaded, and the upper end of an earth-supporting branch can through the through hole on fixed panel, and utilize nut and fixed panel to achieve a fixed connection;
Described plant roots and stems fixture comprises U-shaped base, connecting screw rod, fishbolt and fixture block, and fishbolt, fixture block are respectively provided with two; Two fixture blocks are arranged in U-shaped base in opposite directions with clamping face, and are connected with two trough rims of U-shaped base respectively by fishbolt, and one end of connecting screw rod is fixed on the bottom land outside of U-shaped base;
Described ring of changing is into ring texture, and conversion ring is provided with internal thread through hole, and the other end of connecting screw rod, by connecting through the internal thread through hole of conversion ring, realizes connecting screw rod and forms nut-screw auxiliary connection with the internal thread through hole on conversion ring; Conversion ring is connected with the hook-shape structure of described weight beam lower end again, and the lower end of weight beam is with pointer, and pointer can point to the displacement readings steel ruler be fixed on displacement readings steel ruler fixed support; The upper end of weight beam, for the vertical hole, stationary pipes end with lever, utilizes hook to realize connecting;
Described charger comprises loading scale pan and loads hanging basket; Described loading hanging basket comprises the identical wire rope of at least two length, the lower end of every root wire rope is connected with loading scale pan, the upper end of every root wire rope links together, for the vertical hole of movable end tube end with lever, utilize hook to realize connecting, namely load hanging basket and be used for loading scale pan to hang the movable end tube end being located at lever.
2. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises spring, spring fitting is between lever and face plate of foundation, and the tie point of spring and lever is on the canned paragraph of lever, in the middle part of canned paragraph and between movable end pipe stretches into a little.
3. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises counterweight, and counterweight is used for, when carrying out the test of root system of plant pulling test strength, being placed on and loading on scale pan.
4. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the stationary pipes in described lever and the fixed sleeving between movable end pipe, in extension rod and between adjustable pipe, is all provided with position limiting structure; Position limiting structure in the optional position of movable end pipe or adjustable pipe, can realize between movable end pipe and stationary pipes, or being connected and fixed between adjustable pipe and fixed sleeving.
5. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described position limiting structure adopts and tights a bolt, and tights a bolt as one end is with intermediate plate.
6. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test unit of described field test root system of plant pulling test strength also comprises adjustable hook, adjustable hook is be located in the screwed screw rod in the middle of square shape framework, screw rod lower end is with hook-shape structure, adjustable hook is by the lifting of screw rod, and the height realizing hook-shape structure regulates; Described adjustable hook is provided with two, an adjustable hook is arranged between dynamometer spring meter and lever, the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the upper end of dynamometer spring meter, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole in hook and the stationary pipes end of lever to realize being connected; Another adjustable hook is arranged on and loads between hanging basket and lever, and the hook-shape structure of adjustable hook lower end is connected with the wire rope loading hanging basket, and the upper end of adjustable hook utilizes the vertical hole of hook and the movable end tube end of lever to realize being connected.
7. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described carry of hook for lever two ends being arranged on lever two ends, the vertical hole of lever is passed in the upper end of hook, and it is fixing to utilize nut to realize, the lower end of hook is used for being connected with carry.
8. the test unit of a kind of field test root system of plant pulling test strength according to claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are all respectively equipped with four, and feet, fixed head and rotating shaft are evenly arranged respectively, namely between adjacent supports pin, between adjacent fixed plate, between adjacent shafts, the angle of formation is all 90 degree.
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| CN201510069541.4A CN104729925B (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-02-10 | A kind of experimental rig of field test root system of plant pulling test strength |
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| CN113959828A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 宁波康伯斯电器有限公司 | Power line performance detection device |
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| CN107796550A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-13 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of device and method for calculating the solid native actual cross-section withdrawal resistance of root system of plant in situ |
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| CN113959828B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-12-19 | 宁波康伯斯电器有限公司 | Power supply linear energy detection device |
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| CN114838857B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-12-05 | 华中农业大学 | Multi-dimensional anti-slip pulling force measuring device and test method |
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