CN105445112A - Device for measuring tensile strength of plant root - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, comprising: a balance, a force-measuring unit and a clamping unit. Rod; the force measuring unit and the clamping unit are respectively arranged at both ends of the balance bar, the force measuring unit includes a weight that can slide along the balance bar, and the clamping unit includes: a lower clamping piece that is fixedly connected with the base and can be placed on the balance bar The upper clamping part is driven to realize vertical displacement, and the root of the plant to be measured is vertically sandwiched between the upper clamping part and the lower clamping part. Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, which is easy to operate and solves the problems of large errors in traditional measuring devices, many human-influenced factors, and unreliable force-applying devices. Moreover, the measurement range is large, the structure is simple, and the measurement is convenient, which effectively solves the problem of inaccurate measurement of the tensile strength of plant roots.

Description

A device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots

technical field

The invention relates to a device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, which belongs to the technical field of environmental research.

Background technique

In nature, especially in plateaus and mountainous areas, due to natural factors such as special landforms and climates, geological disasters caused by unstable factors such as soil erosion, surface water and soil loss, landslides, and debris flows are relatively serious. The slope instability phenomena here include: surface instability, shallow instability and deep instability. The former two are most common within 1m below the surface.

A large number of investigations and studies have shown that large areas of well-preserved natural and artificial vegetation have an important inhibitory and weakening effect on surface and shallow slope instability factors. Therefore, one of the most effective ways to stabilize slopes is to select and breed appropriate vegetation types according to the field environment and combine them with the improvement and regulation of erosion environment. The huge vegetation root system is very important for soil retention. On a slope with vegetation growth, if a landslide occurs in the shallow layer, in addition to the strong shear resistance of the vertical root system of the vegetation to resist the landslide, the axial tensile resistance of the horizontal root system is also very strong. Important, in addition, in the case of landslides, the vertical shear roots are usually pulled out from the soil, but rarely sheared. Therefore, it is necessary to test the axial tensile mechanical properties of vegetation roots, especially to test Its axial tensile strength is an important basis for quantitative analysis and calculation of the holding effect of various vegetation roots on soil, and for selecting appropriate vegetation types for slope protection and soil and water conservation.

In the prior art, due to the lack of special equipment for testing the tensile mechanical properties of plant roots, people mostly use simple tools such as hand pliers to test the tensile mechanical properties of plant roots. On the one hand, the testing process requires multiple people to operate, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; on the other hand, there is no reliable force-adding device during the force-adding process, and the pulling force directly applied by hand is limited and unstable, and it is difficult to ensure that the pulling force is along the root axis. Slow and uniform loading may also generate torsional force, which is not conducive to truly and objectively reflecting the actual situation of the axial tensile resistance of plant roots, cannot guarantee the stability of test results, and cannot meet the needs of a large number of root system tests.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for quickly and reliably measuring the tensile strength of plant roots.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, comprising: a balance, a force-measuring unit and a clamping unit. The balance bar; the force measuring unit and the clamping unit are separately arranged at both ends of the balance bar, the force measuring unit includes a weight that can slide along the balance bar, and the clamping unit includes: a lower clip fixedly connected to the base The holding part and the upper holding part which can realize up and down displacement under the drive of the balance bar, the root of the plant to be measured is clamped vertically between the upper holding part and the lower holding part. During the measurement process, a certain weight is slowly moved along the balance pole. When it moves to a certain point, the root of the plant just breaks, and the weight stops sliding. Record the scale at this time, and use the principle of torque to measure the root of the plant. The maximum tensile force that can be tolerated.

Preferably, the force measuring unit further includes: a sliding mechanism installed in the balance bar, the sliding mechanism includes: a slide rail formed with a slideway and a first chain hook slidably connected to the slide rail, and the weight is hung on Below the first chain hook.

More preferably, a damping stopper is installed on the aforementioned slide rail, and its function enables the weight to realize that when the slide rail moves to a certain stroke, the first chain hook is automatically locked to a fixed stop position, and When the reverse acceleration movement is stopped, the impact and vibration are slowed down by the damping effect, and locked in a fixed position to improve the reliability of the detection results.

More preferably, the other end of the balance bar away from the weight is fixedly connected with a second chain hook, and the second chain hook is tied with a hemp rope, and the hemp rope is connected to the top of the upper clamping member, and the hemp rope Drive the upper clamping piece to move up and down.

Further, the aforementioned clamping unit also includes: guide rails connected to the base, the lower clamping member is arranged between the guide rails and fixedly connected to the base, and the upper clamping member can move up and down along the guide rails, so that More accurately reflect the actual mechanical conditions of plant roots.

Still further, the above-mentioned upper clamping piece and the lower clamping piece both include: two U-shaped clamping blocks and clamping bolts with two clamping surfaces facing each other.

The benefit of the present invention lies in that in the present invention, a mechanical device is used instead of a simple manual tool to test the tensile strength of plant roots. The on-site tensile strength test experiment ensures the abundance of test samples and the integrity of the test, and avoids the disadvantage of test deviation caused by changes in the tensile strength of the root system after the plant root system is collected back to the laboratory for a long time after being separated from the soil where it grew. Consequences, and it is convenient to record the experimental results in real time, so it can accurately reflect the actual mechanical status of the plant root system; moreover, since the damping stopper is installed in the sliding device, it can effectively prevent the scale change caused by the weight swinging back and forth. The error provides a guarantee for the more accurate value of the tensile strength of the plant root system, and improves the reliability of the test experiment of the tensile strength of the plant root system.

To sum up, the present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, which is simple to operate, and solves the problem of large errors of traditional measuring devices, many human factors, and the inadequacy of force-applying devices. Reliability and other problems; moreover, the present invention has large measurement range, simple structure, convenient measurement, and effectively solves the problem of inaccurate measurement of the tensile strength of plant roots.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the device of measuring plant root tensile force intensity of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping unit in Fig. 1 .

The meanings of reference signs in the figure: 1. base, 2. installation rod, 3. balance rod, 4. weight, 5. first chain hook, 6. upper clamping part, 7. lower clamping part, 8 , the second chain hook, 9, the clamping bolt, 10, the guide rail, 11, the plant root system, 12, the hemp rope.

detailed description

The present invention will be specifically introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, the device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots of the present invention should be kept level during the test process, and specifically includes: a balance, a force measuring unit and a clamping unit. Wherein, the balance includes: a base 1, a vertically arranged mounting rod 2, and a balance rod 3 with scales whose middle part is rotatably connected to the mounting rod 2. The force-measuring unit and the clamping unit are respectively arranged at both ends of the balance pole 3 . As shown in Figure 1, the force measuring unit includes: a weight 4 capable of moving along the balance pole 3 and a sliding mechanism installed in the balance pole 3. The principle of the sliding mechanism is generally similar to that of a balance or scale in the prior art, mainly including : a slide rail formed with a slideway and a first chain hook 5 slidably connected with the slide rail, and the weight 4 is suspended below the first chain hook 5 . It should be noted that a damping stopper is installed on the slide rail, and its function enables the weight 4 to realize that when the slide rail moves to a certain stroke, the first chain hook 5 is automatically locked to a fixed stop position. , and slow down the impact and vibration through the damping effect when the reverse acceleration movement is stopped, and lock it in a fixed position to improve the reliability of the detection result.

As shown in Figure 2, the clamping unit includes an upper clamping part 6 and a lower clamping part 7, and the upper clamping part 6 and the lower clamping part 7 both include: two U-shaped clamping blocks with clamping surfaces facing each other and Clamp the bolt 9, and the plant root system 11 to be measured is vertically sandwiched between the upper clamping part 6 and the lower clamping part 7. Wherein, the lower clamping member 7 is fixedly connected with the base 1 , and the upper clamping base can realize up and down displacement driven by the balance bar 3 . In order to drive the displacement of the upper holder 6, as shown in Figure 1, the other end of the balance bar 3 away from the weight 4 is fixedly connected with a second chain hook 8, and the second chain hook 8 is tied with a hemp rope 12, and the hemp rope 12 and The tops of the upper clamping parts 6 are connected, and the upper clamping parts 6 are driven to move up and down by the hemp rope 12 .

Further, the clamping unit also includes: guide rails 10 connected to the base 1, the lower clamping member 7 is arranged between the guide rails 10 and fixedly connected with the base 1, the upper clamping member 6 can move up and down along the guide rails 10, In this way, the direction of the upper clamping member 6 during the displacement process is only the vertical direction, which can accurately reflect the actual mechanical condition of the plant root system 11 .

During the measurement process, slowly move the weight 4 of a certain weight along the balance pole 3. When it moves to a certain point, the root of the plant just breaks, and the weight 4 stops sliding. Record the scale at this time, and use the torque principle to measure it. The maximum tensile force that a plant's roots can withstand. By replacing the weights 4 with different weights, the stretching force range of the root system 11 of the lateral plant can be expanded.

To sum up, the present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a device for measuring the tensile strength of plant roots, which is simple to operate, and solves the problem of large errors of traditional measuring devices, many human influence factors, and ineffective force devices. Reliability and other issues; moreover, the present invention has a large measurement range, simple structure, and convenient measurement, effectively solving the problem of inaccurate measurement of the tensile strength of the plant root system 11.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. measure a device for plant root tensile resistence intensity, it is characterized in that, comprising: balance, load cell and grip unit, described balance comprises: the graduated balance stem of band that pedestal, the mounting rod vertically arranged, middle part and mounting rod are rotationally connected; Described load cell and grip unit are divided into balance stem two ends, described load cell comprises the counterweight that can slide along balance stem, described grip unit comprises: the lower holder be fixedly connected with pedestal and the upper holder that can realize upper and lower displacement under the drive of balance stem, plant root to be measured is located between holder and lower holder vertically.

2. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described load cell also comprises: be installed on the slide mechanism in balance stem, described slide mechanism comprises: the slide rail being formed with slideway and the first chain hook be slidably connected with slide rail, described counterweight hangs on below the first chain hook.

3. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described slide rail is provided with damping stop.

4. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described balance stem is fixedly connected with the second chain hook away from the other end of counterweight, and described second chain hook is have the rope made of hemp.

5. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described rope made of hemp is connected with the top of upper holder.

6. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described grip unit also comprises: be connected to the guide rail on pedestal, described lower holder to be arranged between guide rail and to be fixedly connected with pedestal, and described upper holder can along guide rail upper and lower displacement.

7. a kind of device measuring plant root tensile resistence intensity according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described upper holder and lower holder include: the U-shaped grip block that two pieces of clamping faces are arranged in opposite directions and fishbolt.