CN204360777U - A kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural - Google Patents
A kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural Download PDFInfo
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- CN204360777U CN204360777U CN201420858950.3U CN201420858950U CN204360777U CN 204360777 U CN204360777 U CN 204360777U CN 201420858950 U CN201420858950 U CN 201420858950U CN 204360777 U CN204360777 U CN 204360777U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to sound absorption technique field, particularly relates to a kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural.The acoustic board every lamination conductive film comprising the film adhered formation of multi-layer piezoelectric is provided with multiple through sound-absorbing hole, and at least part of sound-absorbing hole dislocation on adjacent two layers piezoelectric membrane is communicated with, and forms noise elimination gap; Matrix is connected with described acoustic board and is provided with cavity between the two; Noise frequency acquisition elements is for obtaining neighbourhood noise frequency; The receiver port of sound absorption controller is connected with the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements, and sound absorption controller is electrically connected with pressure film by lead-in wire, to apply driving voltage to piezoelectric membrane.In the course of work, piezoelectric membrane produces deformation and makes aperture on it produce corresponding change, or changes the size that degree of misalignment changes noise elimination gap indirectly, expands effective sound sucting band of this sound absorption structure thus.Compared with prior art, have structure handling ease, production cost is low, acoustically effective outstanding feature.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to sound absorption technique field, particularly relates to a kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural.
Background technology
In noise control engineering, microperforated panel resonant structure is a kind of sound absorption technique of extensive employing.As everyone knows, microperforated panel structure wears to be less than with aperture the slit that the micropore of 1.0mm or width be less than 1.0mm on the thin plate that thickness of slab is less than 1.0mm, percentage of perforation is between 0.3-5%, and postlaminar part leaves the air layer of certain thickness (1-20cm), does not fill out any acoustic absorbant in cavity.The sound absorbing mechanism of its resonance sound-absorbing structure is, the system class of the air layer composition corresponding thereto of each perforation on microperforated panel is similar to Helmholtz resonator, and microperforated panel resonance sound-absorbing structure can be regarded as the parallel connection of many Helmholtz resonators.Just excite air vibration in cavity when sound wave enters after aperture, if when frequency of sound wave is identical with this structure resonant frequency, chamber air just resonates, perforated plate pore-throat place air column is of reciprocating vibration, and speed, amplitude reach maximal value, and friction is also maximum with damping; Now, make acoustic energy change heat energy into maximum, namely sound energy consumption is maximum, thus plays efficient sound absorption.
Based on above-mentioned performance advantage, microperforated panel resonant structure is widely applied in various fields, as aircraft noise reduction, gymnasium sound absorption, ventilating duct sound absorption etc.But the pore size cross sectional face of micropore gap xsect that is less or slit is less, and difficulty of processing is larger; And for existing traditional individual layer microperforated panel resonance sound-absorbing structure, its centre frequency that effectively absorbs sound fix and frequency band narrow nature of the noise circumstance that it can not tackle above-mentioned complexity effectively.
In view of this, urgently looking for another way is optimized design for existing microperforated panel resonant structure, effectively to overcome above-mentioned defect, on the basis promoting technology capability, for the sound absorption adapting to different occasion requires to provide reliable guarantee.
Utility model content
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model solves the sound-absorbing composite board providing a kind of handling ease, controllable sound absorbing capabilities.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural, comprises the acoustic board of the multi-layer piezoelectric film formation that laminating is arranged, noise frequency acquisition elements and sound absorption controller; Wherein, every layer of described piezoelectric membrane is provided with multiple through sound-absorbing hole, and at least part of described sound-absorbing hole dislocation on piezoelectric membrane described in adjacent two layers is communicated with, and forms noise elimination gap; Described noise frequency acquisition elements is for obtaining neighbourhood noise frequency; The receiver port of described sound absorption controller is connected with the signal output port of described noise frequency acquisition elements, and described sound absorption controller is electrically connected with described pressure film by lead-in wire, to apply driving voltage to described piezoelectric membrane.
Preferably, described noise frequency acquisition elements is microphone, and exports described sound absorption controller according to the noise frequency obtained in the mode of voltage signal.
Preferably, described sound absorption controller is voltage modulation circuit.
Preferably, described in adjacent two layers, the relative position of piezoelectric membrane is adjustable, to adjust the size in described noise elimination gap.
Preferably, the perforation shape on every layer of described piezoelectric membrane, size are identical with arrangement mode.
Preferably, perforation shape, size and arrangement mode on every layer of described piezoelectric membrane are different.
Preferably, described piezoelectric membrane is multipolymer piezoelectric membrane, crosslinked polypropylene piezoelectric membrane or PVDF piezoelectric film.
Preferably, all sound-absorbing hole described in adjacent two layers between piezoelectric membrane all misplace connection.
Preferably, described matrix adopts rigid material to make.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme tool of the present utility model has the following advantages:
The controlled compound sound-absorption structural that the utility model provides, effectively make use of the inverse piezoelectric effect characteristic of piezoelectric membrane, the piezoelectric membrane that lamination coating is arranged all offers sound-absorbing hole, and is communicated with formation noise elimination gap in the dislocation of binding face place, form microperforated panel structure thus; Setting like this, adds and only needs man-hour to process larger hole on piezoelectric membrane, and namely the adjacent two layers film arranged by dislocation can form small size sound absorption gap, is easy to processing, solves the problem that prior art processes micropore or slit difficulty on acoustic board.Meanwhile, the cavity between acoustic board and matrix can play resonant interaction with acoustic board, makes the acoustically effective of this structure particularly remarkable, is better than traditional sound absorption mechanism.In the course of work, sound absorption controller environmentally noise frequency can apply excitation electrical field to piezoelectric membrane, the deformation of piezoelectric membrane makes the aperture of the sound-absorbing hole on it produce corresponding change, or change degree of misalignment between adj acent piezoelectric film, thus indirectly can change the size in the noise elimination gap that laminating place is formed, realize noise elimination gap size and there is adjustability, acoustic board is capable of circulation in real time for the controlled Active Absorption performance of different frequency noise thus, expands effective sound sucting band of this sound absorption structure.Compared with prior art, have structure handling ease, production cost is low, acoustically effective outstanding feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of controlled compound sound-absorption structural described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of acoustic board shown in Fig. 1 and matrix;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.
In figure:
Acoustic board 1, piezoelectric membrane 11, sound-absorbing hole 111, piezoelectric membrane 12, sound-absorbing hole 121, noise elimination gap 13, sound absorption controller 2, noise frequency acquisition elements 3, matrix 4, cavity 41.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
Refer to Fig. 1, the figure shows the one-piece construction schematic diagram of controlled compound sound-absorption structural described in present embodiment.
Acoustic board 1 and matrix 4 composite joint of this controlled compound sound-absorption structural form, and have resonating cativty 41 between the two.The piezoelectric membrane 11 that acoustic board 1 is arranged by laminating and piezoelectric membrane 12 are formed.Every lamination conductive film is provided with multiple through sound-absorbing hole, and the sound-absorbing hole 111 on piezoelectric membrane 11 and the sound-absorbing hole 121 on piezoelectric membrane 12 misplace at binding face and are communicated with, and form noise elimination gap 13.Specifically please also refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, wherein, Fig. 2 is the vertical view of acoustic board shown in Fig. 1 and matrix, and Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2.Here " dislocation be communicated with " refers to, when piezoelectric membrane 11 and piezoelectric membrane 12 are fitted, the center of the sound-absorbing hole between two membranes is not on same straight line, only has the local of sound-absorbing hole to be in connected state, other parts cover by face.Just excite air vibration in cavity 41 when sound wave enters behind noise elimination gap 13, when frequency of sound wave is identical with this structure resonant frequency, chamber air just resonates, and makes acoustic energy change heat energy into, thus plays efficient sound absorption.
In this programme, piezoelectric membrane 11 and piezoelectric membrane 12 are electrically connected respectively by the control signal output terminal of lead-in wire with sound absorption controller 2, and the receiver port of sound absorption controller 2 is connected with the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements 3.Noise frequency acquisition elements 3 for obtaining neighbourhood noise frequency, and exports sound absorption controller 2 to, and then applies driving voltage by sound absorption controller 2 to piezoelectric membrane 11 and piezoelectric membrane 12, forms alternating electric field.Setting like this, utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric membrane to produce deformation, makes the piercing aperture on piezoelectric membrane produce corresponding change, realize the controlled Active Absorption performance of this acoustic board for different frequency noise, expand effective sound sucting band of this sound absorption structure.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned sound absorption controller 2 can adopt single-chip microcomputer to be that control module performs, voltage modulation circuit also can be adopted to apply driving voltage.The concrete arrangements of components of this voltage modulation circuit according to existing techniques in realizing, therefore can repeat no more herein.
Wherein, the relative position of piezoelectric membrane 11 and piezoelectric membrane 12 is adjustable, to adjust the size in noise elimination gap 13, adapts to different application scenarios.Special instruction, this acoustic board 1 is not limited to be fitted by two-layer piezoelectric membrane shown in figure and forms, and in fact, the piezoelectric membrane laminating of other plural layer also can be adopted as required to form this acoustic board 1, such as, three layers or four layers etc.In addition, two-layer piezoelectric membrane can be all monolithic membrane, obviously, only with regard to the realization of microperforated panel structure, also can comprise the sub-film that lamination coating is arranged.
For every lamination conductive film, perforation shape on it, size can be identical with arrangement mode, or perforation shape, size are identical with any one or the two selectivity in arrangement mode, identical driving voltage is exported by sound absorption controller 2, and then produce identical varying aperture, or degree of misalignment between change piezoelectric membrane, thus the size that indirectly can change the noise elimination gap 13 that laminating place is formed.Certainly, perforation shape, size and arrangement mode on every straton film are different, export different driving voltage respectively, regulate and control, adapt to different application situations for different piezoelectric membranes 1 during concrete control by sound absorption controller 2.Such as, the shape of sound-absorbing hole 111 and sound-absorbing hole 121 can be the circular hole shown in figure, also can according to being set to rectangle, sexangle, ellipse or irregularly shaped; Each sound-absorbing hole can matrix arrangement as shown in FIG., and other modes also can be adopted to arrange.
Certainly, compared to exporting the design of identical driving voltage to each piezoelectric membrane, in theory, the single-chip microcomputer design that different driving voltage exports or voltage modulation circuit design will be relatively loaded down with trivial details.
Wherein, noise frequency acquisition elements 3 is microphone, and exports sound absorption controller 2 according to the noise frequency obtained in the mode of voltage signal.For converting tones into the microphone of electric signal, technology relative maturity, on the basis meeting signals collecting function, deployment cost is relatively low.Microphone is preferably arranged on the front side of acoustic board 1, is also sound source side.
Wherein, voltage modulation circuit is adopted to apply driving voltage, this circuit can be configured to and comprises: memory module and multilevel iudge module, this memory module is for first relation table in the aperture and driving voltage threshold value that store sound-absorbing hole on default piezoelectric membrane, and second relation table in the aperture of noise frequency and sound-absorbing hole; This multilevel iudge module can search the first relation table and the second relation table successively according to noise frequency, obtains the required driving voltage applied.That is, the noise frequency that voltage modulation circuit can receive according to microphone, determines the best micropunch aperture absorbed needed for this noise; Then the optimum aperture needed for the piezoelectric effect Changing Pattern of piezoelectric membrane self and this noise of absorption of obtaining, the driving voltage needed for generation, and apply excitation electrical field by lead-in wire to piezoelectric membrane.
In addition, piezoelectric membrane 11 and piezoelectric membrane 12 can be multipolymer piezoelectric membrane, crosslinked polypropylene piezoelectric membrane or PVDF piezoelectric film.In this programme, the sound-absorbing hole 111 on piezoelectric membrane 11 all misplaces with the sound-absorbing hole 121 on piezoelectric membrane 12 and is communicated with, and certainly, the sound-absorbing hole partial transposition on two-layer piezoelectric membrane is communicated with, and also can meet the function needs of basic power consumption sound absorption.
Wherein, matrix 4 preferably adopts rigid material to make, such as, and metal, timber, glass, organic glass, pottery, gypsum or cement production systD.
The sound absorbing mechanism of compound sound-absorption structural of the present utility model is as follows:
When sound wave arrives sound-absorbing composite board 1 surface, sound enters the sound-absorbing hole 111 of piezoelectric membrane 11, behind the noise elimination gap 13 that dislocation is communicated with, enters the sound-absorbing hole 121 of piezoelectric membrane 12, and in sound absorption cavity 41 in matrix 4.Therefore, when sound is by acoustic board 1, sound, except having except energy loss when flowing through noise elimination gap, also has energy loss when flowing through sound-absorbing hole, improves the sound absorption efficiency of acoustic board; Meanwhile, cavity 41 can play resonant interaction with acoustic board 1, improves acoustically effective further.Further, the size of sound-absorbing hole and noise elimination gap xsect, be subject to the control of sound absorption controller 2, the frequency of sound wave that can detect according to microphone regulates in real time, and then can change the sound sucting band of composite sound damping structure, regulates sound absorbing capabilities.
It should be noted that, in figure sound-absorbing hole be 3*5 line-column matrix arrangement, only for carrying out exemplary illustration, and the restriction to technical scheme can not be interpreted as, as long as meet aforementioned sound absorption community function needs all the application's request protect scope in.
The utility model has the following advantages:
(1) acoustic board of the present utility model adopts the laminating of two-layer lamination electroporation film to form, the noise elimination gap that sound-absorbing hole between adj acent piezoelectric film is communicated with in the dislocation of binding face place, namely noise elimination gap is equivalent to micropore or the slit of prior art, what make acoustic board of the present utility model is adding man-hour, do not need to process tiny micropore or slit structure, only need to process larger hole on daughter board, arrange that namely daughter board can form sound absorption gap by dislocation, solve the problem that prior art processes micropore or slit difficulty on acoustic board, reduce production cost.
(2) acoustic board of the present utility model is lamination layer structure, and except having except acoustically effective in sound absorption gap, the sound-absorbing hole of every laminate also has acoustical absorptivity, thus improves acoustically effective.
(3) size of the utility model sound-absorbing hole and noise elimination gap xsect, be subject to the control of sound absorption controller, the frequency of sound wave that can detect according to microphone regulates in real time, and then the sound sucting band of composite sound damping structure can be changed, reach Active Absorption requirement, meet the sound absorption requirement of different occasion, be widely used.
(4) on matrix, be provided with cavity, cavity can play resonant interaction with acoustic board, improves acoustically effective further.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, be not intended to limit; Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a controlled compound sound-absorption structural, is characterized in that, comprising:
Acoustic board, comprise the multi-layer piezoelectric film that laminating is arranged, every layer of described piezoelectric membrane is provided with multiple through sound-absorbing hole, and at least part of described sound-absorbing hole dislocation on piezoelectric membrane described in adjacent two layers is communicated with, and forms noise elimination gap;
Matrix, is connected with described acoustic board and is provided with cavity between the two;
Noise frequency acquisition elements, for obtaining neighbourhood noise frequency; With
Sound absorption controller, its receiver port is connected with the signal output port of described noise frequency acquisition elements, and described sound absorption controller is electrically connected with described pressure film by lead-in wire, to apply driving voltage to described piezoelectric membrane.
2. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described noise frequency acquisition elements is microphone, and exports described sound absorption controller according to the noise frequency obtained in the mode of voltage signal.
3. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described sound absorption controller is voltage modulation circuit.
4. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described in adjacent two layers, the relative position of piezoelectric membrane is adjustable, to adjust the size in described noise elimination gap.
5. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 4, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, the perforation shape on every layer of described piezoelectric membrane, size are identical with arrangement mode.
6. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 4, is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, perforation shape, size and arrangement mode on every layer of described piezoelectric membrane are different.
7. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric membrane is multipolymer piezoelectric membrane, crosslinked polypropylene piezoelectric membrane or PVDF piezoelectric film.
8. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 1, is characterized in that, all sound-absorbing hole described in adjacent two layers between piezoelectric membrane all misplace connection.
9. controlled compound sound-absorption structural according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described matrix adopts rigid material to make.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420858950.3U CN204360777U (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | A kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural |
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| CN201420858950.3U CN204360777U (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | A kind of controlled compound sound-absorption structural |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104575484A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 | Controllable compound sound absorption structure |
| CN107316632A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of sound absorber and sound absorption method |
| CN109945325A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-28 | 佛山市顺德区美的电子科技有限公司 | The control method of silencer, air conditioner and air conditioner |
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2014
- 2014-12-30 CN CN201420858950.3U patent/CN204360777U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104575484A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 | Controllable compound sound absorption structure |
| CN107316632A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of sound absorber and sound absorption method |
| CN109945325A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-28 | 佛山市顺德区美的电子科技有限公司 | The control method of silencer, air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN109945325B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-11-02 | 佛山市顺德区美的电子科技有限公司 | Silencer, air conditioner and control method of air conditioner |
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