CN107240390A - A kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure - Google Patents
A kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107240390A CN107240390A CN201710565995.XA CN201710565995A CN107240390A CN 107240390 A CN107240390 A CN 107240390A CN 201710565995 A CN201710565995 A CN 201710565995A CN 107240390 A CN107240390 A CN 107240390A
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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Abstract
The present invention relates to sound absorption technique field, more particularly to a kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure, including box-shaped matrix, acoustic board and electromagnet, acoustic board is made of magnetostriction materials, box-shaped matrix has opening, and acoustic board is covered at the opening of box-shaped matrix, so that box-shaped intrinsic silicon formation sound absorption cavity, there is the noise elimination gap of connection sound absorption cavity on acoustic board, controlling magnetic assembly includes electromagnet, noise frequency acquisition elements and controller, the receiver port of controller is connected with the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements, the signal output port of controller is connected with electromagnet, to control electromagnet formation to change the magnetic field intensity of noise elimination gap size.Acoustic board of the present invention can produce magnetostrictive effect under the influence of magnetic field intensity, so that producing corresponding change in the size in noise elimination gap, air vibration in sound absorption cavity is just excited after sound wave enters noise elimination gap, acoustic energy is changed into heat energy, so as to reach the effect of adaptive Active Absorption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sound absorption technique field, more particularly to a kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure.
Background technology
At present in noise control engineering, microperforated panel resonant structure is a kind of widely used sound absorption technique.Many institute's weeks
Know, microperforated panel structure is to wear the micropore or width for being less than 1.0mm with aperture on thin plate of the thickness of slab less than 1.0mm to be less than
1.0mm slit, punching rate is between 0.3-5%, and postlaminar part leaves in certain thickness (1-20cm) air layer, cavity and do not filled out
Any sound-absorbing material.The sound absorbing mechanism of its resonance sound-absorbing structure is, each sky of perforation corresponding thereto on microperforated panel
The system of gas-bearing formation composition is similar to Helmholtz resonator, and microperforated panel resonance sound-absorbing structure can be regarded as many Helmholtz and be total to
Shake the parallel connection of device.Air vibration in cavity is just excited after sound wave enters aperture, if frequency of sound wave and the structure resonant frequency
When identical, chamber air just resonates, and air column is of reciprocating vibration at perforated plate pore-throat, speed, amplitude reach maximum, friction with
Damping is also maximum；Now, acoustic energy is made to be changed into heat energy at most, i.e., sound energy consumption is most, so as to play efficient sound absorption.
Based on above-mentioned performance advantage, microperforated panel resonant structure is widely applied in various fields, such as aircraft noise reduction,
Gymnasium sound absorption, ventilation shaft sound absorption etc..However, the pore size cross sectional face of micropore is smaller or gap cross section of slit is smaller, plus
Work difficulty is larger；And for existing traditional individual layer microperforated panel resonance sound-absorbing structure, its centre frequency that effectively absorbs sound is consolidated
Determine and the narrow essence of frequency band determines that it can not effectively cope with above-mentioned complicated noise circumstance.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to solve existing sound absorption structure to have the noise absorbent ability of different frequency
The problem of limit.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure, including box-shaped matrix, suction
Sound plate and control magnetic assembly, the acoustic board are made of magnetostriction materials, and the box-shaped matrix has opening, and the sound absorption
Plate is covered at the opening of the box-shaped matrix, so as to have on box-shaped intrinsic silicon formation sound absorption cavity, the acoustic board
There is the noise elimination gap for connecting the sound absorption cavity, the control magnetic assembly includes electromagnet, noise frequency acquisition elements and controller,
The receiver port of the controller is connected with the signal output port of the noise frequency acquisition elements, the controller
Signal output port is connected with the electromagnet, strong with the magnetic field for controlling the electromagnet formation to change the noise elimination gap size
Degree.
Wherein, the acoustic board includes multilayer daughter board, and daughter board in the vertical direction is stacked described in multilayer, described in every layer
The sound-absorbing hole dislocation connection being equipped with daughter board in sound-absorbing hole, and each layer daughter board forms the noise elimination gap.
Wherein, the noise frequency acquisition elements are microphone, and according to the noise frequency of acquisition with the side of voltage signal
Formula is exported to the controller.
Wherein, the controller is voltage modulation circuit.
Wherein, the voltage modulation circuit includes memory module and multilevel iudge module, and the storage module storage is default
The daughter board on the sound-absorbing hole aperture and magnetic field intensity threshold value the first relation table, the of magnetic field intensity and output current
Two relation tables and noise frequency and the 3rd relation table in the aperture of the sound-absorbing hole；The multilevel iudge module is according to noise frequency
Rate searches first relation table, second relation table and the 3rd relation table successively, and the electric current applied needed for obtaining is strong
Degree.
Wherein, the electromagnet is arranged in the sound absorption cavity, and is laid in the box-shaped base bottom.
Wherein, the magnetostriction materials are Metal and Alloy magnetostriction materials, ferrite magnetostriction materials or dilute
Compound magnetostriction materials between earth metal.
Wherein, the box-shaped matrix is made of rigid material.
(3) beneficial effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the following advantages that：Magnetostriction sound absorption structure of the present invention passes through acoustic board and case
The connection of shape matrix has in noise elimination gap, the course of work so as to be formed on sound absorption cavity, the acoustic board of magnetostriction materials, noise
Frequency collection element is used to obtain ambient noise frequency, and exports to controller, receiver port and the noise frequency of controller
The signal output port connection of rate acquisition elements, the control signal output of controller is electrically connected with electromagnet by lead, entered
And the size of current of electromagnet is adjusted by controller, change magnetic field intensity, acoustic board can be produced under the influence of magnetic field intensity
Magnetostrictive effect, causes certain stroke, so that producing corresponding change in the size in noise elimination gap, realizes acoustic board
For the controllable Active Absorption performance of different frequency noise, effective sound sucting band of sound absorption structure is expanded.Disappear when sound wave enters
Just air vibration in sound absorption cavity is excited behind sound slit, it is empty in sound absorption cavity when frequency of sound wave is identical with the structure resonant frequency
Gas just resonates, and acoustic energy is changed into heat energy, so as to play efficient sound absorption.Further, noise elimination gap cross section
Size is controlled by magnetic field intensity, can in real time be adjusted according to by controlling magnetic assembly, adjusts sound absorbing capabilities, meets different
The sound absorption requirement of occasion, is widely used.Therefore the present invention have it is simple in construction, handling ease, production cost is low, acoustically effective show
The characteristics of work, the sound absorption to adapt to different occasions requires to provide reliable guarantee.
Except it is described above present invention solves the technical problem that, constitute technical scheme technical characteristic and have this
Outside the advantage that the technical characteristic of a little technical schemes is brought, what other technical characteristics of the invention and these technical characteristics were brought
Advantage, will be further illustrated with reference to accompanying drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of magnetostriction sound absorption structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of magnetostriction sound absorption structure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 A-A to profile.
In figure：1：Box-shaped matrix；2：Acoustic board；3：Electromagnet；4：Noise frequency acquisition elements；5：Controller；10：Sound absorption
Cavity；20：Noise elimination gap；21：Daughter board；210：Sound-absorbing hole.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at this
Concrete meaning in invention.
In addition, in the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple ", " many ", " multigroup " be meant that two or
Two or more, " several ", " some ", " some groups " are meant that one or more.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, magnetostriction sound absorption structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including box-shaped matrix 1,
Acoustic board 2 and control magnetic assembly, acoustic board 2 are made of magnetostriction materials, and box-shaped matrix 1 has opening, and acoustic board 2 is covered
At the opening of box-shaped matrix 1, so that box-shaped matrix 1, which is internally formed on sound absorption cavity 10, acoustic board 2, has connection sound absorption cavity
10 noise elimination gap 20, control magnetic assembly includes electromagnet 3, noise frequency acquisition elements 4 and controller 5, and the signal of controller 5 connects
Receiving end mouthful is connected with the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements 4, and signal output port and the electromagnet 3 of controller 5 connect
Connect, to control the formation of electromagnet 3 to change the magnetic field intensity of the size of noise elimination gap 20.
Magnetostriction sound absorption structure of the present invention is connected to form sound absorption cavity by acoustic board with box-shaped matrix, and mangneto is stretched
Have on the acoustic board of compression material in noise elimination gap, the course of work, noise frequency acquisition elements are used to obtain ambient noise frequency,
And export to controller, the receiver port of controller is connected with the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements, control
The control signal output of device is electrically connected by lead with electromagnet, and then by the size of current of controller adjustment electromagnet,
Change magnetic field intensity, acoustic board can produce magnetostrictive effect under the influence of magnetic field intensity, cause certain stroke, so that
Make to produce corresponding change in the size in noise elimination gap, realize controllable Active Absorption of the acoustic board for different frequency noise
Can, expand effective sound sucting band of sound absorption structure.Air vibration in sound absorption cavity is just excited after sound wave enters noise elimination gap,
When frequency of sound wave is identical with the structure resonant frequency, the empty chamber air of sound absorption just resonates, and acoustic energy is changed into heat energy, so that
Play efficient sound absorption.Further, the size of noise elimination gap cross section is controlled by magnetic field intensity, can be according to passing through
Control magnetic assembly is adjusted in real time, is adjusted sound absorbing capabilities, is met the sound absorption requirement of different occasions, be widely used.Therefore it is of the invention
With simple in construction, handling ease, production cost is low, acoustically effective outstanding feature, to adapt to the sound absorption requirement of different occasions
Reliable guarantee is provided.
Wherein, acoustic board 2 includes multilayer daughter board 21, and the in the vertical direction of multilayer daughter board 21 is stacked, per straton plate 21
On be equipped with sound-absorbing hole 210, and each straton plate 21 sound-absorbing hole 210 dislocation connection form noise elimination gap 20.The suction of the present invention
Sound plate is lamination layer structure, is made up of the daughter board laminating of multilayer magnetostriction materials, has the suction of multiple insertions on every straton plate
Sound-absorbing hole dislocation connection on acoustic aperture, adjacent two layers daughter board, forms noise elimination gap, i.e. sound-absorbing hole on adjacent two layers daughter board
At least partly overlap, be that the part of only sound-absorbing hole is in connected state in the present embodiment, other parts are by adjacent daughter board lid
Close, so noise elimination gap can be made to change more obvious in the magnetic field of change.The relative position of adjacent two layers magnetostriction materials
It is adjustable, to adjust the size in the noise elimination gap.And the present invention in noise elimination gap in addition to having acoustically effective, per straton
The sound-absorbing hole of plate also has acoustical absorptivity, so as to improve acoustically effective.When sound wave reaches composite sound absorbing plate surface, sound enters
Behind sound-absorbing hole, the noise elimination gap by dislocation connection, enter in sound absorption cavity.Therefore, when sound is by acoustic board, sound
In addition to there is energy loss when flowing through noise elimination gap, also there is energy loss when flowing through sound-absorbing hole, acoustic board is improved
Sound absorption efficiency；Noise elimination gap is that is, the micropore or slit of prior art so that acoustic board of the invention processing when,
Tiny micropore or slit structure can not be processed, it is only necessary to ensure a certain size sound-absorbing hole on daughter board, pass through dislocation
Arrangement daughter board is that can form sound absorption gap, solves the problem of prior art processes micropore or difficult slit on acoustic board,
Reduce production cost.
Wherein, noise frequency acquisition elements 4 are microphone, and according to the noise frequency of acquisition in the way of voltage signal it is defeated
Go out to controller 5.Noise frequency acquisition elements are used for the microphone for converting tones into electric signal, technology relative maturity, full
On the basis of sufficient Signals collecting function, deployment cost is relatively low.Microphone is preferably provided at the front side of acoustic board, namely sound source
Side.
Further, controller 5 is voltage modulation circuit.Wherein, voltage modulation circuit includes memory module and compared to sentence
Disconnected module, storage module stores the aperture of sound-absorbing hole 210 and the first relation table of magnetic field intensity threshold value, magnetic on default daughter board 21
The second relation table and noise frequency of field intensity and output current and the 3rd relation table in the aperture of sound-absorbing hole 210；Compare and sentence
Disconnected module searches the first relation table, the second relation table and the 3rd relation table according to noise frequency successively, the electricity applied needed for obtaining
Intensity of flow.Controller can use single-chip microcomputer to be performed for control unit, it would however also be possible to employ voltage modulation circuit applies driving voltage.
The specific element configuration of the voltage modulation circuit can be realized according to prior art, therefore be repeated no more herein.That is, voltage
The noise frequency that modulation circuit can be received according to microphone, it is determined that the optimal sound-absorbing hole aperture needed for absorbing the noise；Then
According to the Magnetostrictive Properties of magnetostriction materials itself, obtained absorb the noise needed for optimum aperture, electromagnet
Self property, the current strength needed for adjustment, and adjust the size of current of electromagnet to produce respective strengths by lead
Magnetic field.
Wherein, electromagnet 3 is arranged in sound absorption cavity 10, and is laid in the bottom of box-shaped matrix 1.Electromagnet is arranged at box-shaped
On the one hand base bottom can save space, on the other hand can be more beneficial for ensureing that acoustic board is integrally in more uniform magnetic field
In, reduce external interference, and the significantly more efficient magnetic field environment that stabilization is provided for acoustic board.
In addition, magnetostriction materials are Metal and Alloy magnetostriction materials, ferrite magnetostriction materials or rare earth gold
Compound magnetostriction materials between category.
Wherein, box-shaped matrix 1 is made of rigid material.For example, metal, timber, glass, lucite, ceramics, gypsum
Or cement production systD.
In use, choosing the number of plies of daughter board as needed, the relative position of each daughter board is adjustable, to adjust noise elimination gap
Size, adapts to different application scenarios.In addition, each daughter board can be single piece plate, it is clear that only with regard to daughter board structure realization and
Speech, can also include the daughter board that lamination coating is set.For every straton plate, sound absorption hole shape, size and arrangement thereon
Mode can with it is identical can also be different, to adapt to different application situations, but sound-absorbing hole is relative on daughter board above and below ensureing
The status requirement answered.For example, the shape of sound-absorbing hole can be circular hole, can also according to be set to rectangle, hexagon, ellipse or
Person's irregular shape；Each sound-absorbing hole can be with matrix arrangement, it would however also be possible to employ other modes are arranged.
In summary, magnetostriction sound absorption structure of the present invention is connected empty so as to form sound absorption by acoustic board with box-shaped matrix
Have on chamber, the acoustic board of magnetostriction materials in noise elimination gap, the course of work, noise frequency acquisition elements are used to obtain environment
Noise frequency, and export to controller, the receiver port of controller and the signal output port of noise frequency acquisition elements
Connection, the control signal output of controller is electrically connected by lead with electromagnet, and then adjusts electromagnet by controller
Size of current, changes magnetic field intensity, and acoustic board can produce magnetostrictive effect under the influence of magnetic field intensity, cause certain stretch
Contracting amount, so that producing corresponding change in the size in noise elimination gap, realizes controllable master of the acoustic board for different frequency noise
Dynamic sound absorbing capabilities, expand effective sound sucting band of sound absorption structure.Just excited after sound wave enters noise elimination gap in sound absorption cavity
Air vibration, when frequency of sound wave is identical with the structure resonant frequency, the empty chamber air of sound absorption just resonates, and is changed into acoustic energy
Heat energy, so as to play efficient sound absorption.Further, the size of noise elimination gap cross section is controlled by magnetic field intensity, can
According to being adjusted in real time by controlling magnetic assembly, to adjust sound absorbing capabilities, meet the sound absorption requirement of different occasions, be widely used.
Therefore the present invention has simple in construction, and handling ease, production cost is low, acoustically effective outstanding feature, to adapt to different occasions
Sound absorption require provide reliable guarantee.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of magnetostriction sound absorption structure, it is characterised in that：Including box-shaped matrix, acoustic board and control magnetic assembly, the sound absorption
Plate is made of magnetostriction materials, and the box-shaped matrix has opening, and the acoustic board is covered in the box-shaped matrix
At opening, disappearing for the sound absorption cavity is connected so as to have on box-shaped intrinsic silicon formation sound absorption cavity, the acoustic board
Sound slit, the control magnetic assembly includes electromagnet, noise frequency acquisition elements and controller, the signal receiving end of the controller
Mouth is connected with the signal output port of the noise frequency acquisition elements, the signal output port of the controller and the electromagnetism
Iron is connected, to control the electromagnet formation to change the magnetic field intensity of the noise elimination gap size.
2. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The acoustic board includes multilayer daughter board,
Daughter board in the vertical direction is stacked described in multilayer, is equipped with every layer of daughter board in sound-absorbing hole, and each layer daughter board
The sound-absorbing hole dislocation connection form the noise elimination gap.
3. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The noise frequency acquisition elements are biography
Sound device, and exported according to the noise frequency of acquisition in the way of voltage signal to the controller.
4. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The controller is voltage modulated electricity
Road.
5. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The voltage modulation circuit includes storage
Module and multilevel iudge module, the storage module store the aperture of the sound-absorbing hole and magnetic field intensity on the default daughter board
The second relation table and noise frequency of first relation table of threshold value, magnetic field intensity and output current and the aperture of the sound-absorbing hole
The 3rd relation table；The multilevel iudge module searches first relation table, second relation according to noise frequency successively
Table and the 3rd relation table, the current strength applied needed for obtaining.
6. the magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 1-5 any one, it is characterised in that：The electromagnet is set
Absorbed sound in described in cavity, and be laid in the box-shaped base bottom.
7. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The magnetostriction materials be metal with
Alloy magnetostriction material, ferrite magnetostriction materials or rare earth intermetallic compound magnetostriction materials.
8. magnetostriction sound absorption structure according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The box-shaped matrix uses rigid material
It is made.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110081528A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-02 | 中南大学 | A kind of compound ventilation air-changing device of muting function |
| CN112212900A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 刘翡琼 | Low-cost high-sensitivity ultrasonic detector |
| WO2021045683A1 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-11 | National University Of Singapore | Tunable acoustic absorber, and method of operation thereof |
| CN112484272A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioning unit |
| CN113112975A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 南京富罗新环保科技有限公司 | Sound absorption plate with electromagnetic sound absorption structure |
| CN113240982A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-10 | 南京光声超构材料研究院有限公司 | Acoustic device and method of use |
| CN113639135A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-12 | 广西科技大学 | Helmholtz silencer structure capable of actively adjusting perforation rate |
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| WO2021045683A1 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-11 | National University Of Singapore | Tunable acoustic absorber, and method of operation thereof |
| CN112212900A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 刘翡琼 | Low-cost high-sensitivity ultrasonic detector |
| CN112484272A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioning unit |
| CN112484272B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioning unit |
| CN113112975A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 南京富罗新环保科技有限公司 | Sound absorption plate with electromagnetic sound absorption structure |
| CN113112975B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-06-11 | 南京富罗新环保科技有限公司 | Sound absorbing plate with electromagnetic sound absorbing structure |
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Application publication date: 20171010 |