CN204360674U - A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device - Google Patents
A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN204360674U CN204360674U CN201520041199.2U CN201520041199U CN204360674U CN 204360674 U CN204360674 U CN 204360674U CN 201520041199 U CN201520041199 U CN 201520041199U CN 204360674 U CN204360674 U CN 204360674U
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- lorentz
- lorentz force
- solenoid
- sheet metal
- control circuit
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Lorentz force demonstration device, comprise the control enclosure of a built-in control circuit, control enclosure side surface is provided with the gauge tap be connected with control circuit, control enclosure upper surface forms demo platform, also comprise two field coils be vertically disposed on demo platform, be arranged on the Lorentz solenoid in two field coil centre positions on demo platform; Described Lorentz solenoid is horizontally disposed strip glass tube, Lorentz solenoid two ends are relatively set with the positive pole and negative pole that can produce electric discharge phenomena, described positive pole is connected with the control circuit in control enclosure by electric wire with negative pole, described Lorentz force tube cavity medium position is provided with a sheet metal, sheet metal both side surface has fluorescent coating, and described sheet metal length direction and described Lorentz force length of tube direction are formed slopely certain angle.It is simple that the utility model has structure, can be beneficial to demonstration better and observe Lorentz force phenomenon, the advantage of improving the quality of teaching.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of physical teaching aid; Particularly relate to a kind of Lorentz force demonstration device.
Background technology
Dutch physicist
lorentzfirst proposed moving charge to produce
magnetic fieldwith
magnetic fieldhave moving charge
acting forceviewpoint, in honor of he, people claim this power to be Lorentz force, and namely magnetic field is to motion
electric chargeacting force.
In school's physics experiment teaching, Lorentz force demoustrating instrument is all adopted to carry out
lorentzthe teaching demonstration of force phenomenon.Lorentz force demoustrating instrument conventional in teaching, comprise the control enclosure of a built-in control circuit, control enclosure side surface is provided with gauge tap, control enclosure upper surface forms demo platform, also comprise two field coils be vertically disposed on demo platform, be arranged on the Lorentz solenoid in two field coil centre positions on demo platform; Described demo platform, field coil and Lorentz solenoid are all arranged in a camera bellows simultaneously, and camera bellows front end face opens the door to be formed and observes position.
In existing this Lorentz force demonstration device, the Lorentz solenoid of employing is also known as Weir nit electron tube, and to be a diameter the be large glass envelope of 160 millimeters, is filled with the inert gas of certain pressure intensity in bubble after being evacuated.The in-built electron gun of glass envelope, electron gun is connected with control circuit, after electron gun adds suitable operating voltage, just sends a branch of electron beam.Electron beam and the Inert gas molecule with certain energy collide, and inert gas is given out light, and just can see optical track on the path of electron institute process.Its field coil adopted is also known as Helmholtz coils, and this is that a pair diameter is 280 millimeters, is often only wrapped in by 140 circle toroidal conductors the toroid winding that plastic circle ring forms; Two field coils are coaxially placed, and spacing is 140 millimeters.Two coils connected in series connect, and form uniform magnetic field, and magnetic induction density B are directly proportional near two coil axis mid points to the electric current I of coil.
The expression formula of Lorentz force is
f lip river=qvBsin θ, Lorentz force
f lip riverthe power of size and magnetic field B, the speed v of charge movement, magnetic field B and charge movement speed v angle theta relevant; The direction of Lorentz force is also relevant with the movement velocity direction of electric charge with magnetic field.So when the electron beam modulated in Lorentz solenoid moves in uniform magnetic field, the effect of Lorentz force can be subject to; Only need rotate Lorentz solenoid, the relation of electron motion direction and magnetic direction can be adjusted, just can observe the different motion track that electron beam is formed.In this existing instrument, Helmholtz coils provides uniform magnetic field, and the electron beam that Lorentz solenoid produces deflects in uniform magnetic field.The light simultaneously sent due to electron beam hits Inert gas molecule is very faint, and in order to strengthen observations, whole instrument need be contained in wooden camera bellows, and Berlin black is coated in camera bellows inside.Camera bellows is also the outer cabinet of instrument, and complete machine is fixed in camera bellows.
So the Lorentz force demoustrating instrument of above-mentioned existing structure, exists following defect: one, because there is the obstruction of outer container, just can only can observe experimental phenomena near the dead ahead of instrument, the angular field of view that experimental phenomena can be observed is too little; Its two, poor visibility, because the intensity of inert gas luminescence is weak, experimental phenomena could need be observed in dark surrounds, and when demonstrating under normal lighting conditions, phenomenon is substantially invisible; Its three, Lorentz solenoid is spherical, and during rotation, the angle being difficult to observe magnetic field and electronic movement velocity intuitively changes, and the angle in Lorentz force formula to align confirmation knowledge Lorentz force very crucial.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical matters that the utility model primarily solves is: how to provide a kind of structure simple, and can be beneficial to demonstration better and observe Lorentz force phenomenon, the Lorentz force demoustrating instrument of improving the quality of teaching.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model have employed following technical scheme:
A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device, comprise the control enclosure of a built-in control circuit, control enclosure side surface is provided with the gauge tap be connected with control circuit, control enclosure upper surface forms demo platform, also comprise two field coils be vertically disposed on demo platform, be arranged on the Lorentz solenoid in two field coil centre positions on demo platform; It is characterized in that, described Lorentz solenoid is horizontally disposed strip glass tube, Lorentz solenoid two ends are relatively set with the positive pole and negative pole that can produce electric discharge phenomena, described positive pole is connected with the control circuit in control enclosure by electric wire with negative pole, described Lorentz force tube cavity medium position is provided with a sheet metal, sheet metal both side surface has fluorescent coating, and described sheet metal length direction and described Lorentz force length of tube direction are formed slopely certain angle.
In technique scheme, strip glass tube is adopted to replace spheroidal glass tube, and in Lorentz solenoid, be provided with the sheet metal tilting to be coated with fluorescent powder, like this, when making it discharge by control circuit to the positive pole at Lorentz solenoid two ends and negative pole imparting voltage, namely have electronics to move to positive pole from negative pole, the electronics of motion is got to and has been coated with on the sheet metal of fluorescent powder, will make light-emitting phosphor; Therefore the arc of electron path change can be demonstrated on the sheet metal be obliquely installed.Its display brightness is brighter and be more beneficial to regulation and control, eliminates camera bellows and is beneficial to observe.Therefore it is simple to be provided with structure, and the feature of demonstration and observation Lorentz force can be beneficial to better.
As optimization, between described strip glass tube two end electrodes, length is less than two field coil spacing, and strip glass tube medium position has the installation portion to downward-extension, and can be arranged on horizontally rotating on a base being positioned on demo platform by installation portion.Like this, conveniently can horizontally rotate and regulate Lorentz solenoid change electronics incident angle in magnetic field, to show Lorentz force phenomenon more intuitively from multi-angle.
As optimization, described strip glass tube is vacuum state.Like this, other materials in glass tube can be avoided to the interference of trajectory of electron motion, to show Lorentz force phenomenon better.
As optimization, described gauge tap comprises a general supply gauge tap, also comprising one can the exciting current adjustment knob (and exciting current adjustment display dial) of magnetic field power between regulating and controlling field coil, an and exciting current direction shift switch that can change field coil direction of current, an and voltage-regulation knob (and voltage-regulation display dial) that can regulate electrode both end voltage.Like this, can be convenient to exciting current size and Orientation, and the isoparametric regulation and control of electrode voltage, to show the impact of each physical quantity on Lorentz force phenomenon better.
In sum, it is simple that the utility model has structure, can be beneficial to demonstration better and observe Lorentz force phenomenon, the advantage of improving the quality of teaching.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation sketch of a kind of preferred implementation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of a kind of preferred control circuit when specifically implementing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
During concrete enforcement: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of Lorentz force demonstration device, comprise the control enclosure 1 of a built-in control circuit, control enclosure 1 side surface is provided with the gauge tap be connected with control circuit, control enclosure 1 upper surface forms demo platform, also comprise two field coils 2 be vertically disposed on demo platform, be arranged on the Lorentz solenoid in two field coil 2 centre positions on demo platform; Wherein, described Lorentz solenoid is horizontally disposed strip glass tube 3, Lorentz solenoid two ends are relatively set with the positive pole 4 and negative pole 5 that can produce electric discharge phenomena, described positive pole 4 is connected with the control circuit in control enclosure 1 by electric wire with negative pole 5, described Lorentz force tube cavity medium position is provided with a sheet metal 7, sheet metal 7 both side surface has fluorescent coating, and described sheet metal 7 length direction and described Lorentz force length of tube direction are formed slopely certain angle.
Like this, strip glass tube is adopted to replace spheroidal glass tube, and in Lorentz solenoid, be provided with the sheet metal tilting to be coated with fluorescent powder, like this, when making it discharge by control circuit to the positive pole at Lorentz solenoid two ends and negative pole imparting voltage, namely have electronics to move to positive pole from negative pole, the electronics of motion is got to and has been coated with on the sheet metal of fluorescent powder, will make light-emitting phosphor; Therefore the arc of electron path change can be demonstrated on the sheet metal be obliquely installed.Its display brightness is brighter and be more beneficial to regulation and control, eliminates camera bellows and is beneficial to observe.Therefore it is simple to be provided with structure, and the feature of demonstration and observation Lorentz force can be beneficial to better.
Wherein, between described strip glass tube 3 two end electrodes, length is less than two field coil 2 spacing, and strip glass tube 3 medium position has the installation portion to downward-extension, and can be arranged on horizontally rotating on a base 8 being positioned on demo platform by installation portion.Like this, conveniently can horizontally rotate and regulate Lorentz solenoid change electronics incident angle in magnetic field, better to show Lorentz force phenomenon from multi-angle.
Wherein, described strip glass tube 3 inside is vacuum state.Like this, other materials in glass tube can be avoided to the interference of trajectory of electron motion, to show Lorentz force phenomenon better.
Wherein, described gauge tap comprises a general supply gauge tap 9, also comprising one can the exciting current adjustment knob 10(of magnetic field power between regulating and controlling field coil and exciting current adjustment display dial 11), an and exciting current direction shift switch 12 that can change field coil direction of current, and voltage-regulation knob 13(and a voltage-regulation display dial 14 that can regulate electrode both end voltage).Like this, can be convenient to exciting current size and Orientation, and the isoparametric regulation and control of electrode voltage, to show the impact of each physical quantity on Lorentz force phenomenon better.
During concrete enforcement, described strip glass tube entirety is cylindrical tube in middle part, and two ends are the shape of the outside conical tube of smaller diameter end, and sheet metal is arranged in cylindrical tube, like this, is more beneficial to the setting of sheet metal.
During concrete enforcement, described control circuit can adopt the control circuit in existing conventional electrical field, or preferably adopts the control circuit structure shown in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 2, this control circuit structure and principle are: circuit 1. part for direct current regulation circuit, the D.C. regulated power supply of to be output voltage by the AC conversion of 220 volts be 6V; Circuit 2. part effect be, series transformer primary coil L on the triode BG emitter of oscillatory circuit
1, the voltage-regulation knob in triode BG base stage sequential series resistance R, adjustable resistance W(corresponding diagram 1), LED and primary coil L
2to DC low voltage power supply positive pole, transformer secondary coil L
3output terminal connects voltage-doubler rectifier input end, and this voltage-doubler rectifier output terminal connects yin, yang the two poles of the earth of cathode-ray tube (CRT) respectively.After power switch is closed, cathode-ray tube (CRT) gets final product work.
Claims (4)
1. a Lorentz force demonstration device, comprise the control enclosure of a built-in control circuit, control enclosure side surface is provided with the gauge tap be connected with control circuit, control enclosure upper surface forms demo platform, also comprise two field coils be vertically disposed on demo platform, be arranged on the Lorentz solenoid in two field coil centre positions on demo platform; It is characterized in that, described Lorentz solenoid is horizontally disposed strip glass tube, Lorentz solenoid two ends are relatively set with the positive pole and negative pole that can produce electric discharge phenomena, described positive pole is connected with the control circuit in control enclosure by electric wire with negative pole, described Lorentz force tube cavity medium position is provided with a sheet metal, sheet metal both side surface has fluorescent coating, and described sheet metal length direction and described Lorentz force length of tube direction are formed slopely certain angle.
2. Lorentz force demonstration device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described strip glass tube two end electrodes, length is less than two field coil spacing, strip glass tube medium position has the installation portion to downward-extension, and can be arranged on horizontally rotating on a base being positioned on demo platform by installation portion.
3. Lorentz force demonstration device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described strip glass tube is vacuum state.
4. Lorentz force demonstration device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gauge tap comprises a general supply gauge tap, also comprising one can the exciting current adjustment knob of magnetic field power between regulating and controlling field coil, an and exciting current direction shift switch that can change field coil direction of current, an and voltage-regulation knob that can regulate electrode both end voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520041199.2U CN204360674U (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2015-01-21 | A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520041199.2U CN204360674U (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2015-01-21 | A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN204360674U true CN204360674U (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| CN201520041199.2U Expired - Fee Related CN204360674U (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2015-01-21 | A kind of Lorentz force demonstration device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110619786A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 合肥探奥自动化有限公司 | Cathode ray demonstration device |
| CN110930841A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 甘肃科技馆 | Electron beam display teaching device |
-
2015
- 2015-01-21 CN CN201520041199.2U patent/CN204360674U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110619786A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 合肥探奥自动化有限公司 | Cathode ray demonstration device |
| CN110930841A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 甘肃科技馆 | Electron beam display teaching device |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150527 Termination date: 20190121 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |