CN204302101U - Be applicable to the test unit of the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic material - Google Patents
Be applicable to the test unit of the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN204302101U CN204302101U CN201420746260.9U CN201420746260U CN204302101U CN 204302101 U CN204302101 U CN 204302101U CN 201420746260 U CN201420746260 U CN 201420746260U CN 204302101 U CN204302101 U CN 204302101U
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置，包括哑铃型夹具、连接装置和试件；哑铃型夹具的一端为试验机连接孔，另一端为哑铃型夹槽，连接装置的一端与哑铃型夹槽的形状相匹配，并嵌入哑铃型夹槽，连接装置的另一端开有试件连接槽，试件的两端通过环氧树脂胶固定连接在试件连接槽内，两端的连接装置和哑铃型夹具对称设置在试件的两端；本实用新型试件加工成本低，能避免试件与夹具之间的滑移，可以随时按照试验调节试件的长度，且能避免哑铃型试件的过渡段产生的应力集中。
The utility model discloses a test device suitable for the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic materials, which comprises a dumbbell-shaped clamp, a connecting device and a test piece; one end of the dumbbell-shaped clamp is a connecting hole of a testing machine, and the other end is a dumbbell-shaped clamp One end of the connection device matches the shape of the dumbbell-shaped clamp groove and is embedded in the dumbbell-shaped clamp groove. The other end of the connection device has a specimen connection groove, and the two ends of the specimen are fixedly connected to the specimen by epoxy resin glue. In the connection groove, the connection devices at both ends and the dumbbell-shaped clamps are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the test piece; the utility model has low processing cost for the test piece, can avoid slippage between the test piece and the fixture, and can adjust the position of the test piece at any time according to the test. length, and can avoid the stress concentration produced by the transition section of the dumbbell-shaped specimen.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于材料力学研究领域，特别是一种适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置。The utility model belongs to the field of material mechanics research, in particular to a test device suitable for uniaxial tensile tests of viscoelastic materials.
背景技术Background technique
单轴拉伸试验是研究材料力学性能的重要方法之一，其原理是建立在准静态力学性能的基础上。虽然金属材料的拉伸试验设备，试件与夹具技术已经发展成熟，也有了相关的试验标准，但对于粘弹性橡胶材料的拉伸试验仍有待进一步发展。Uniaxial tensile test is one of the important methods to study the mechanical properties of materials, and its principle is based on the quasi-static mechanical properties. Although the tensile test equipment, specimen and fixture technology of metal materials have been developed maturely, and there are related test standards, the tensile test of viscoelastic rubber materials still needs to be further developed.
拉伸试验需要解决的问题有试件的制备工艺，试件与夹具的固定，夹具与试验机的固定以及试验过程的应力集中问题。文献“Fatigue damage in a unidirectional SiC/Alcomposite due to push-pull and zero-pull loading”采用哑铃型试件，对试件的加工工艺提出了很高的要求，对于小批量试件的加工成本较高，而且对于质地较软、变形较大的材料，无法保证在拉伸过程中试件与夹具稳定的连接。文献“Experimental investigation ofthe stress–stretch behavior of EPDM rubber with loading rate effects”采用长方体板状试件，采用了一种较复杂的装夹结构，但试件和夹具之间仍会出现滑移，需采用一修正系数进行修正。但由于在拉伸过程中随着拉伸速率的变化试件与夹具之间的滑移量也会发生变化，导致测量结果存在较大误差。这两种加持方式均不适用于软质大变形的粘弹性材料。The problems that need to be solved in the tensile test include the preparation process of the test piece, the fixation of the test piece and the fixture, the fixation of the fixture and the testing machine, and the stress concentration problem in the test process. The document "Fatigue damage in a unidirectional SiC/Alcomposite due to push-pull and zero-pull loading" uses dumbbell-shaped specimens, which puts forward high requirements on the processing technology of the specimens, and the processing cost of small batches of specimens is relatively high , and for materials with soft texture and large deformation, it cannot guarantee the stable connection between the specimen and the fixture during the stretching process. The literature "Experimental investigation of the stress–stretch behavior of EPDM rubber with loading rate effects" adopts a cuboid plate-shaped specimen and a more complicated clamping structure, but there will still be slippage between the specimen and the fixture. A correction factor is used for correction. However, due to the change of the tensile rate during the stretching process, the slippage between the specimen and the fixture will also change, resulting in large errors in the measurement results. Neither of these two reinforcement methods is suitable for soft, large-deformation viscoelastic materials.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种试件加工成本低，能避免试件与夹具之间的滑移，可以随时按照试验调节试件的长度，且能避免哑铃型试件的过渡段产生的应力集中的适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a test piece with low processing cost, which can avoid slippage between the test piece and the fixture, can adjust the length of the test piece at any time according to the test, and can avoid the stress generated by the transition section of the dumbbell-shaped test piece Centralized test setup suitable for uniaxial tensile testing of viscoelastic materials.
实现本实用新型目的的技术解决方案为：The technical solution to realize the purpose of this utility model is:
一种适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置，包括哑铃型夹具、连接装置和试件；哑铃型夹具的一端为试验机连接孔，另一端为哑铃型夹槽，连接装置的一端与哑铃型夹槽的形状相匹配，并嵌入哑铃型夹槽，连接装置的另一端开有试件连接槽，试件的两端通过环氧树脂胶固定连接在试件连接槽内，两端的连接装置和哑铃型夹具对称设置在试件的两端。A test device suitable for uniaxial tensile tests of viscoelastic materials, including a dumbbell-shaped fixture, a connecting device and a test piece; one end of the dumbbell-shaped fixture is a connecting hole of a testing machine, and the other end is a dumbbell-shaped clamp groove, and the connecting device One end matches the shape of the dumbbell-shaped clamping groove and is embedded in the dumbbell-shaped clamping groove. The other end of the connecting device has a specimen connecting groove. The two ends of the specimen are fixedly connected in the specimen connecting groove by epoxy resin glue. The connecting device at the end and the dumbbell-shaped clamps are arranged symmetrically at both ends of the specimen.
本实用新型与现有技术相比，其显著优点：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has significant advantages:
(1)本实用新型结构简单，并非着眼于通过复杂的结构实现试验要求，而是将有限的结构简单的零件通过巧妙的组合，满足试验要求，在加工制造方便和节省成本的同时也增加的该装置的可靠性。(1) The utility model is simple in structure, and does not focus on realizing the test requirements through complex structures, but meets the test requirements through ingenious combination of limited parts with simple structures. reliability of the device.
(2)本实用新型中的的连接装置是通过普通机械加工获得，而且加工工艺极其简单，可保证装置的精确度，从而保证装置的一致性。(2) The connecting device in the utility model is obtained by ordinary mechanical processing, and the processing technology is extremely simple, which can ensure the accuracy of the device, thereby ensuring the consistency of the device.
(3)本实用新型集成了哑铃型试件和长方体试件的优点，既简化了试件的加工工艺，降低了成本，也避免了长方体试件在拉伸过程中试件与夹具之间的滑移，且采用哑铃型夹头也较好地实现了试件与夹具之间的对中性。(3) The utility model integrates the advantages of the dumbbell-shaped test piece and the cuboid test piece, which not only simplifies the processing technology of the test piece, reduces the cost, but also avoids the friction between the test piece and the fixture during the stretching process of the cuboid test piece. Slip, and the use of dumbbell-shaped chucks also better achieves the centering between the specimen and the fixture.
(4)本实用新型可以随时按照试验调节试件的长度，而不需要重新制作哑铃型试件的模具。(4) The utility model can adjust the length of the test piece according to the test at any time without remaking the mold of the dumbbell-shaped test piece.
(5)试件的有效长度就是两个夹具的中间长度，本实用新型不需要去研究哑铃型试件的标距，特别是对粘弹性材料可最大限度提高试验精度，减小哑铃型试件过渡段对实验数据的影响。(5) The effective length of the test piece is exactly the intermediate length of the two clamps. The utility model does not need to study the gauge length of the dumbbell-shaped test piece, especially for viscoelastic materials, which can maximize the test accuracy and reduce the dumbbell-shaped test piece. The effect of the transition segment on the experimental data.
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置哑铃型夹具的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the dumbbell-shaped clamp of the test device suitable for the uniaxial tensile test of the viscoelastic material according to the present invention.
图2是本实用新型适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置连接装置的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection device of the test device suitable for the uniaxial tensile test of the viscoelastic material of the present invention.
图3是本实用新型适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置的试验状态示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the test state of the test device suitable for the uniaxial tensile test of the viscoelastic material according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
结合图1～图3：Combined with Figure 1 ~ Figure 3:
本实用新型一种适用于粘弹性材料的单轴拉伸试验的试验装置，包括哑铃型夹具1、连接装置2和试件3；哑铃型夹具1的一端为试验机连接孔，另一端为哑铃型夹槽，连接装置2的一端与哑铃型夹槽的形状相匹配，并嵌入哑铃型夹槽，连接装置2的另一端开有试件连接槽4，试件3的两端通过环氧树脂胶3固定连接在试件连接槽4内，两端的连接装置2和哑铃型夹具1对称设置在试件3的两端。The utility model is a test device suitable for the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic materials, comprising a dumbbell-shaped fixture 1, a connecting device 2 and a test piece 3; one end of the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 is a connecting hole of a testing machine, and the other end is a dumbbell One end of the connection device 2 matches the shape of the dumbbell-shaped clip groove and is embedded in the dumbbell-shaped clip groove. The other end of the connection device 2 has a test piece connection groove 4, and the two ends of the test piece 3 are passed through epoxy resin. The glue 3 is fixedly connected in the connecting groove 4 of the test piece, and the connecting device 2 and the dumbbell-shaped clamp 1 at both ends are arranged symmetrically at both ends of the test piece 3 .
试件连接槽4的底部与哑铃型夹具1的端面距离大于等于5mm。The distance between the bottom of the test piece connection groove 4 and the end face of the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 is greater than or equal to 5mm.
连接装置2采用铸铁材料。The connecting device 2 adopts cast iron material.
其工作原理为：Its working principle is:
经过机械加工使连接装置2与哑铃型夹具1(采用现有常规的哑铃型夹具)的哑铃型夹槽形状相配合，以实现连接装置2的稳定性与对中性。使用环氧树脂胶将试件3粘接在试件连接槽4内，避免试件3与哑铃型夹具1间的滑移。连接装置2所选用的材料为两个形状相同的矩形铸铁，具有高硬度、高耐磨性等特点，在矩形铸铁的一端加工成与哑铃型夹具的哑铃型夹槽相配合的形状，用来与哑铃型夹具1配合安装，代替原来试件的哑铃型结构，增强了与哑铃型夹具1配合的稳定性与对中性。在矩形铸铁的另一端中部铣出试件连接槽4，试件连接槽4底部与应与哑铃型夹具1的端面保持一定的距离(一般大于等于5mm)，否则粘接的时候，会发生流胶现象，使试件3或哑铃型夹具1上粘上胶水。在粘接过程中，将切割好的试件3放到试件连接槽4中，将环氧树脂胶缓慢浇到试件连接槽4里，转动试件3，使试件3在试件连接槽4里的部分表面完全有胶，静静放置等待固化。After mechanical processing, the connection device 2 is matched with the shape of the dumbbell-shaped clamping groove of the dumbbell-shaped clamp 1 (the existing conventional dumbbell-shaped clamp is adopted), so as to realize the stability and centering of the connection device 2 . The test piece 3 is bonded in the test piece connection groove 4 with epoxy resin glue, so as to avoid the slipping between the test piece 3 and the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 . The material selected for the connection device 2 is two rectangular cast irons with the same shape, which have the characteristics of high hardness and high wear resistance. One end of the rectangular cast iron is processed into a shape that matches the dumbbell-shaped clamping groove of the dumbbell-shaped clamp. It is installed in cooperation with the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 to replace the dumbbell-shaped structure of the original test piece, and the stability and centering of the cooperation with the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 are enhanced. Mill out the test piece connection groove 4 in the middle of the other end of the rectangular cast iron. The bottom of the test piece connection groove 4 should keep a certain distance (generally greater than or equal to 5mm) from the end face of the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1, otherwise, flow will occur during bonding. Glue phenomenon, so that the test piece 3 or the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 stick glue. During the bonding process, put the cut test piece 3 into the test piece connection groove 4, slowly pour epoxy resin glue into the test piece connection groove 4, and rotate the test piece 3 so that the test piece 3 is connected to the test piece. Part of the surface in groove 4 is completely glued, and it is placed quietly to wait for curing.
安装过程中需要注意的是，必须确保连接装置2与哑铃型夹具1的稳定连接以及试件3与试件连接槽4间环氧树脂胶的完全固化。During the installation process, it should be noted that the stable connection between the connecting device 2 and the dumbbell-shaped fixture 1 and the complete curing of the epoxy resin glue between the test piece 3 and the test piece connecting groove 4 must be ensured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420746260.9U CN204302101U (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | Be applicable to the test unit of the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104406853A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-11 | 南京理工大学 | Test device suitable for uniaxial tensile test on viscous-elastic material |
| CN105067967A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 国网智能电网研究院 | Portable apparatus for measuring dielectric property of large-test-piece elastic material in non-linear stretching state |
| CN107271261A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of servicing unit of fastener tension test in kind and the method tested with it |
| CN112611635A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-06 | 西北工业大学 | Concrete uniaxial tension test fixture and test method |
-
2014
- 2014-12-02 CN CN201420746260.9U patent/CN204302101U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104406853A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-11 | 南京理工大学 | Test device suitable for uniaxial tensile test on viscous-elastic material |
| CN104406853B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2017-03-15 | 南京理工大学 | It is applied to the assay device of the uniaxial tensile test of viscoelastic material |
| CN105067967A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 国网智能电网研究院 | Portable apparatus for measuring dielectric property of large-test-piece elastic material in non-linear stretching state |
| CN107271261A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of servicing unit of fastener tension test in kind and the method tested with it |
| CN112611635A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-04-06 | 西北工业大学 | Concrete uniaxial tension test fixture and test method |
| CN112611635B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-03-11 | 西北工业大学 | Concrete uniaxial tension test fixture and test method |
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Granted publication date: 20150429 Effective date of abandoning: 20171114 |