CN204286983U - A kind of Reservoir Sediment density detection system based on data fusion - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of Reservoir Sediment density detection system based on data fusion, described system comprises sampling equipment, testing apparatus and analytical equipment, and wherein, described sampling equipment is for obtaining bed mud sample; Described testing apparatus for the relation of the velocity of wave and the degree of depth that obtain bed mud sample, the relation of the relation of density and the degree of depth, reflected signal dominant frequency and the degree of depth; Described analytical equipment is by the relation between analytical calculation density and the degree of depth, velocity of wave, reflected signal dominant frequency, and obtain the density of described bed mud sample, described testing apparatus comprises sub-bottom profiler, transmitting transducer, receiving transducer and density test instrument.Use system of the present utility model automatically to identify stratum, bottom of the reservior reflected signal, in conjunction with low disturbance sample test results, judge the parameters such as bottom of the reservior density of earth formations, reach bed mud sampling more accurate, density detection is more efficient.

Description

A kind of Reservoir Sediment density detection system based on data fusion

Technical field

The utility model belongs to Reservoir Sediment Detection Techniques field, especially based on the Reservoir Sediment density detection system of data fusion.

Background technology

The identification of Reservoir Sediment feature relates to multiple detection method, and data volume is comparatively large, if different detections and measurement result are integrated, adopts certain data fusion method, then can identify bed mud feature preferably, use manpower and material resources sparingly, reach and identify quickly and accurately.

Current Reservoir Sediment detection method comprises the multiple methods such as bed mud sampling, acoustic sounding, prospecting by boring.The sampling equipment that Reservoir Sediment sampling uses has the sampling equipment such as grab type, box, freezing type, gravity type.The equipment of bed mud acoustic sounding under water mainly contains: multibeam sounding system, sub-bottom profiler and side scan sonar equipment, they have similar principle of work: launch sound wave by acoustic transducer to detection water body, sound wave produces reflection and scatter echo after running into the bottom (seabed) or barrier, after acoustic transducer receives echoed signal, processing unit is according to echo amplitude and phase calculation sound wave hourage, the actual propagation distance of sound wave is calculated again according to the Sound speed profile of exploration water body, then according to transmitting angle of release, and the attitude parameter of motion sensor calculates position and the water depth value of echoed signal, also record back wave amplitude and strength information simultaneously.Data fusion technique, comprise the collection to the useful information that various information source provides, transmission, comprehensive, filter, relevant and synthesis so as auxiliary people to carry out detecting, analyze, situation judgement, planning, checking, diagnosis etc.Mainly there is two large problems in the sampling equipment such as grab type, box, freezing type, gravity type: to sample leakage problem when the perturbed problem of sample and sampling during sampling, institute's sample thief testing result deviation can be caused comparatively large, well can not represent the genuine property of bed mud.

Sub-bottom profiler is utilized to carry out acoustic sounding, be suitable for depth of water scope large, and it is large to penetrate reservoir area bed mud thickness, but reflection echo can only be produced after running into the bottom (seabed) or barrier, echo information characterizes the interface running into different medium object, but specifically cannot quantize the density data drawing diverse location bed mud, information of acoustic wave cannot be utilized to inquire into the density feature of shoal materials.

Utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model there is provided a kind of Reservoir Sediment density detection system based on data fusion, system of the present utility model is used automatically to identify stratum, bottom of the reservior reflected signal, in conjunction with low disturbance sample test results, judge the parameters such as bottom of the reservior density of earth formations, reach bed mud sampling more accurate, density detection is more efficient.

The utility model provides a kind of Reservoir Sediment density detection system based on data fusion, and described system comprises sampling equipment, testing apparatus and analytical equipment, and wherein, described sampling equipment is for obtaining bed mud sample; Described testing apparatus for the relation of the velocity of wave and the degree of depth that obtain bed mud sample, the relation of the relation of density and the degree of depth, reflected signal dominant frequency and the degree of depth; Described analytical equipment, by the relation between analytical calculation density and the degree of depth, velocity of wave, reflected signal dominant frequency, obtains the density of described bed mud sample.

Further, described sampling equipment is the low disturbance sampling equipment based on gravity type piston technology, comprises guiding device, flip flop equipment, sampler, and the bushing pipe of described sampler is that transparent PC manages, and internal diameter is 90mm, pipe range is 10m.

Further, described testing apparatus comprises sub-bottom profiler, transmitting transducer, receiving transducer and density test instrument, and described transmitting transducer is consistent with the transmission signal parameters of described sub-bottom profiler.

Further, the frequency of operation of described sub-bottom profiler is 2-20kHz, and the Reservoir Sediment thickness that can detect is 0-100m, operating depth scope 0-500m.

Compared with prior art, good effect of the present utility model is:

(1) low disturbance sampling equipment is used, longer reservoir area bed mud original state sample can be obtained, counter bored holes exploration sampling, gravity type sampling, grab type sampling, improve efficiency, reduce cost, alleviate the disturbing influence of sampleman work to sample, bed mud physical characteristics parameter more accurately can be obtained.

(2) use sub-bottom profiler to carry out ultra sonic scanner, acoustic emission frequency is lower, and the sound wave electrical pulse energy of generation is comparatively large, has stronger penetration power, can the stratum of the effective through-fall truth of a matter ten meters, and detection efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

(3) shop experiment is utilized to obtain data and the density data of reservoir area bed mud velocity of wave, be different function curves by two kinds of data fittings, find out the correlationship of the two, function is rationally expanded, can inquire into the density feature the following bed mud of institute's sample thief degree of depth, thus acquisition reservoir area bed mud spends lower density characterisitic parameter more deeply.

(4) sonic data utilizing sub-bottom profiler to scan and the curve of foundation are compared, and utilize signal spectrum feature to identify formation parameter fast, are conducive to reservoir area bed mud bedding analysis.

(5) form a set of efficient Reservoir Sediment density detection method, it is wide that the method is suitable for reservoir scope, can apply to other numerous reservoirs, improve Reservoir Sediment detection efficiency, for reservoir harness and development provides important basic data.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is sampling process schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is indoor acoustic velocity test schematic diagram.

Embodiment

The purpose of this utility model is the data processing method proposed based on Data fusion technique, integrated low disturbance sampling equipment sampling detects data and sub-bottom profiler acoustic sounding data, form a set of efficient Reservoir Sediment detection method, thus can the density of quick obtaining Reservoir Sediment and structure, can be water of more in depth analyzing and researching husky migration rule and basic data is provided, huge reservoir flood control sand discharge is significant.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is further described in detail.

Yellow River In Recent Years Institute of Hydro-Technical Research uses for reference deep-sea drift fidelity sampling principle, transform and develop the low disturbance column deep water reservoir area sampling equipment based on gravity type piston technology: Yang Yong, Zhang Qingxia, Chen Hao, Zheng Jun shows " huge reservoir low disturbance sampling equipment design and functions analyzes [C] ". the 5th international symposium, the Yellow River paper, 2012.09; Yang Yong, Zheng Jun, Chen Hao show " Machine Design of huge reservoir low disturbance sampling equipment ". Advances In Science And Technology of Water Resources, 2012,32 (S2): 18-19: the sampling equipment internal diameter 90mm of design, pipe range 10m.Principle is: sampler subject freedom falls, and insert in drift under the effect of deadweight and inertia, sampler lower end employing pawl spring structure is cut off and holds drift.Suction due to piston generation makes the friction force counteract between sampler inwall and sample, like this, is just filled with the drift sample of low disturbance in sampler.The deep water sampling preliminary test carried out in Reservoir Area of Sanmenxia shows, for soft channel aggradation silt, can obtain the original state cylindrical sample of more than thickness 3m, but for hard shoal materials, because soil particle angle of friction is comparatively large, and shoal materials packing is comparatively large, causes sampling effect undesirable.

The utility model obtains Reservoir Sediment sample (being also called test block) by low disturbance sampling equipment, bed mud physical property is obtained with change in depth rule through sub-bottom profiler test, acoustical testing is carried out further across sub-bottom profiler, obtain the attenuation change function of acoustic propagation characteristic, by the analysis of this function application to the test data of shallow seismic profile instrument, whether prediction weak reflection layer exists, do not exist in the situation of reflection horizon, its bed mud physical property meets in-situ test prediction of result function.

It is cylindric sample that low disturbance sampling equipment obtains original state sample, and diameter is less than or equal to 90mm, and length is less than or equal to 8m, sample is installed in bushing pipe, bushing pipe is that transparent PC manages, and is easy to cutting section, with the naked eye clear distinguishing can take out sample layering, color and proterties.

Reservoir Sediment acoustic sounding scanning work uses sub-bottom profiler, and its frequency of operation is 2-20kHz, and can detect reservoir area bed mud thickness is 0-100m, operating depth scope 0-500m.

Based on the Reservoir Sediment detection method of data fusion, mainly comprise the steps:

Step one, test ship carry sub-bottom profiler, record the sonic data that a survey line scans, and according to the reservoir bottom configuration shown by the conversion of ultra sonic scanner data, on survey line, selected relatively flat position is as the measuring point of low disturbance sampling work;

Step 2, as shown in Figure 1, low disturbance sampling equipment is primarily of part compositions such as guiding device, flip flop equipment, samplers.The acquisition of test block is roughly divided into: decentralization process, trigger process, sampling process and removal process four-stage, when sampling equipment transfer to distance river bed also have a segment distance time, counterweight block first touches riverbed, lever out of trim, activated release mechanisms action, sampler subject freedom falls, and insert in drift under the effect of deadweight and inertia, sampler lower end employing pawl spring structure is cut off and holds drift.Suction due to piston generation makes the friction force counteract between sampler inwall and sample, like this, is just filled with the bed mud sample of low disturbance in sampler.Test ship carries sampling equipment and carries out low disturbance sampling work at the measuring point that reservoir is selected, and institute's sample thief is kept in bushing pipe, sends bushing pipe good seal back to testing laboratory;

Step 3, as shown in Figure 2, the thickness l of bed mud sample _c, add water in water tank, fixed transmission transducer and receiving transducer (in test process, test block and transducer are all under water), transmitting transducer transmits, record receiving transducer time of reception t ₁, obtain the velocity of wave v of water _w=l ₁/ t ₁.Place sample between transmitting transducer and receiving transducer, in bed mud sample both sides, detect by through transmission technique, obtain the travel-time t that sound wave penetrates test block ₂, then the velocity of wave of test block is v _c=l _c/ (t ₂-l ₂/ v _w-l ₃/ v _w).Bed mud sample depth of getting is, sample is divided into n block, and the thickness of every block is dz, carries out the acoustical testing of bed mud sample, obtains acoustic velocity data, and is the function v of degree of depth z by velocity of wave data fitting ₁z (), by fitting function v ₁z () is at degree of depth z > z ₁interval is expanded;

Step 4, by density test instrument, the test of bed mud sample rate is carried out to above-mentioned sample, and density data is fitted to the function ρ of degree of depth z ₁z (), by fitting function at degree of depth z > z ₁interval is expanded;

Step 5, sound wave through transmission technique detect the absorption function of every block sample: linear FM signal (LFM) s launched by transmitting transducer _lfm, this signal is consistent with the transmission signal parameters of sub-bottom profiler, and Received signal strength is (i=1 ~ n), then the response function of test block of sampling is fft is Fourier transform, and because reflected signal is that round trip is propagated, do not consider the impact of reflection coefficient, then the dielectric response function of round trip travelling is: if have reflection horizon at degree of depth * dz place, do not consider reflective index impacts, then reflected signal frequency-domain function is

$S_{\mathrm{reflect}}^k=\mathrm{fft}\left(s_{\mathrm{lfm}}\right)\·\underset{i=1}{\overset{k}{\∏}}{\mathrm{Sd}}_i^c$

Get dominant frequency.Obtain reflected signal dominant frequency with the change function of degree of depth z.

The Received signal strength s of sub-bottom profiler _mea(t), s _meat () time span is T _mea.By s _meat () carries out time-domain windowed, T represents window time length, t ₀represent time delay (0 < t ₀< T _mea), get the Fourier transform fft () of windowing signal, obtaining dominant frequency is f, and the corresponding degree of depth of this signal meets function.

Step 6, be increased to from 0, if () does not meet function f, then the silt density of depth is that velocity of longitudinal wave is; If () meets function f, then judge there is reflection horizon at depth.

Described step 3, to step 6, can realize standardization by computer program in conjunction with computer hardware, is effectively promoted by said method.

Compared with prior art, good effect of the present utility model is:

(1) low disturbance sampling equipment is used, longer reservoir area bed mud original state sample can be obtained, counter bored holes exploration sampling, gravity type sampling, grab type sampling, improve efficiency, reduce cost, alleviate the disturbing influence of sampleman work to sample, bed mud physical characteristics parameter more accurately can be obtained.

(2) use sub-bottom profiler to carry out ultra sonic scanner, acoustic emission frequency is lower, and the sound wave electrical pulse energy of generation is comparatively large, has stronger penetration power, can the stratum of the effective through-fall truth of a matter ten meters, and detection efficiency is high, accuracy is high.

(3) shop experiment is utilized to obtain data and the density data of reservoir area bed mud velocity of wave, be different function curves by two kinds of data fittings, find out the correlationship of the two, function is rationally expanded, can inquire into the density feature the following bed mud of institute's sample thief degree of depth, thus acquisition reservoir area bed mud spends lower density characterisitic parameter more deeply.

(4) sonic data utilizing sub-bottom profiler to scan and the curve of foundation are compared, and utilize signal spectrum feature to identify formation parameter fast, are conducive to reservoir area bed mud bedding analysis.

(5) form a set of efficient Reservoir Sediment density detection method, it is wide that the method is suitable for reservoir scope, can apply to other numerous reservoirs, improve Reservoir Sediment detection efficiency, for reservoir harness and development provides important basic data.

Claims (4)

1. based on a Reservoir Sediment density detection system for data fusion, described system comprises sampling equipment, testing apparatus and analytical equipment, it is characterized in that: described sampling equipment is for obtaining bed mud sample; Described testing apparatus for the relation of the velocity of wave and the degree of depth that obtain bed mud sample, the relation of the relation of density and the degree of depth, reflected signal dominant frequency and the degree of depth; Described analytical equipment, by the relation between analytical calculation density and the degree of depth, velocity of wave, reflected signal dominant frequency, obtains the density of described bed mud sample.

2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sampling equipment is the low disturbance sampling equipment based on gravity type piston technology, comprises guiding device, flip flop equipment, sampler, the bushing pipe of described sampler is that transparent PC manages, and internal diameter is 90mm, pipe range is 10m.

3. system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described testing apparatus comprises sub-bottom profiler, transmitting transducer, receiving transducer and density test instrument, and described transmitting transducer is consistent with the transmission signal parameters of described sub-bottom profiler.

4. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the frequency of operation of described sub-bottom profiler is 2-20kHz, and the Reservoir Sediment thickness that can detect is 0-100m, operating depth scope 0-500m.