CN204214433U - Pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way - Google Patents
Pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way Download PDFInfo
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- CN204214433U CN204214433U CN201420375685.3U CN201420375685U CN204214433U CN 204214433 U CN204214433 U CN 204214433U CN 201420375685 U CN201420375685 U CN 201420375685U CN 204214433 U CN204214433 U CN 204214433U
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Abstract
The open one of the utility model can effectively improve leveling work efficiency, the passage of the pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument of precision and reliability, there is housing (1), housing (1) is movably connected on pedestal (2) by vertical pivot, housing (1) is fixed with circular bubble (3) and accurate leveling device (4), in housing (1), horizontal one end is provided with the first object lens (5) in the horizontal direction successively, first focusing lens (6) and the first reading device (8), the first focusing screw (7) is connected to the first focusing lens (6), also be provided with successively in described housing (1) and the first object lens (5), the optical axis of the first focusing lens (6) and the first reading device (8) is parallel to each other and the second object lens (9) in the same way, second focusing lens (10) and the second reading device (12), the second focusing screw (11) is connected to the second focusing lens (10).
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of measuring technique, particularly relates to a kind of passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument that effectively can improve leveling work efficiency, precision and reliability.
Background technology
At present, known leveling device is made up of a spirit-leveling instrument and two levelling staffs.First two levelling staffs are placed in respectively ground A, B 2 point during measurement, again spirit-leveling instrument is arranged on the centre position of A, B 2, after utilizing leveling, the horizontal line of sight of spirit-leveling instrument sights the absolute altitude numerical value of reading two levelling staffs respectively, the difference of institute's mark height numerical value is the height differences by leveling of ground A, B 2, if known elevation wherein, the elevation of another point can be extrapolated by the discrepancy in elevation.Existing spirit-leveling instrument is made up of telescope, level and pedestal.Telescope primarily of object lens, eyepiece, optical lens and crosshair graticule are formed, the line of crosshair intersection point and object lens photocentre, be called collimation axis or sight line, measurement of the level is when collimation axis level, intercepts the reading on levelling pole with silk in crosshair.Level is used to indicate collimation axis whether level or the whether vertical device of instrument vertical pivot, has pipe level and circular bubble two kinds, and pipe level is used to refer to collimation axis whether level; Whether circular bubble is used to refer to vertical pivot vertical.The effect of pedestal is the top of support equipment and is connected with tripod, and it is formed primarily of axle bed, foot screw, base plate and triangle pressing plate.Existing spirit-leveling instrument has following deficiency:
(1) owing to affecting by the factor such as Instrument Manufacturing Technique and atmospheric environment, make to there is an angle between the telescope collimation axis (line of crosshair intersection point and object lens photocentre) when observing and surface level, namely
iangle,
ithe size at angle directly has influence on precision and the reliability of measurement of the level, facts have proved:
ithe size at angle, by after instrument testing, check and correction, correction, can be controlled, but can not be eliminated completely.
(2) once a measurement of the level observed reading can only be provided, there will be system deviation, in order to ensure observe correctness, prevent reading from makeing mistakes, usual employing twice instrument supreme people's court (namely sets up spirit-leveling instrument for twice in same place to observe, but the instrument height of twice erection is different) and two sides chi method (namely observe twice respectively with the ruler in different colours face, the initial delineation of coplanar does not differ from a constant) form multisystem and check, not only increase measurement links like this, reducing work efficiency, also may import other observational error because increasing measurement links;
(3) although the hand steered levelling pole of surveyor, and make the bubble of the circular bubble on levelling pole keep levelling pole to be in plumbness between two parties at any time, but owing to controlling levelling pole in real time by the muscle strength of hand, arm, inevitably produce to rock or shake and make oblique leveling staff, be difficult to ensure that levelling pole is in plumbness for a long time, the generation of oblique leveling staff error can be caused during spirit-leveling instrument observation, reduce the precision of measurement of the level.
In order to thoroughly overcome
iangle affects, Chinese Patent Application No. be 201310285829.6 utility model patent disclose one " double-channel balance level ", it is characterized in that being extended to twin-channel spirit-leveling instrument by organic for the spirit-leveling instrument of tradition list observation passage, be provided with the second cover telescope observation device, and be rendered as coaxially relative to first set telescope observation device, symmetrical, oppositely arrange, solve people and thirst for insoluble always
iangle affects the technical barriers such as measuring accuracy, effectively improves the precision of measurement of the level, but existing single channel spirit-leveling instrument above shortcomings (2) and (3) are satisfactorily overcome not yet.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is the above-mentioned deficiency in order to solve existing for prior art, provides a kind of passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument that effectively can improve leveling work efficiency, precision and reliability.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: one is pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way, there is housing, housing is movably connected on pedestal by vertical pivot, housing is fixed with circular bubble and accurate leveling device, in housing, horizontal one end is provided with the first object lens in the horizontal direction successively, first focusing lens and the first reading device, the first focusing screw is connected to the first focusing lens, also be provided with successively and the first object lens in described housing, the optical axis of the first focusing lens and the first reading device is parallel to each other and the second object lens in the same way, second focusing lens and the second reading device, the second focusing screw is connected to the second focusing lens.
Described first reading device is made up of the first eyepiece and the first graticule, and the second reading device is made up of the second eyepiece and the second graticule, the first eyepiece and the first graticule photocentre line parallel with the photocentre line of the second eyepiece, the second graticule.
Be provided with third reading counting apparatus and the 4th reading device, described third reading counting apparatus and the 4th reading device are the first reading spectroscope, the first line array CCDs that correspondence is arranged in two light paths) and the second reading spectroscope, the second line array CCD.
Described first reading device and
tworeading device is corresponding the first imaging CCD be arranged in two light paths, the first display screen and the second imaging CCD, second display screen respectively.
Described first line array CCD and the second line array CCD are substituted by double-face imaging CCD, are connected to data processing and display unit with double-face imaging CCD.
The utility model is by the organic spirit-leveling instrument being extended to pair observations passage of spirit-leveling instrument of tradition list observation passage, is provided with the second cover telescope observation device, and is rendered as with layering setting up and down relative to first set telescope observation device.The dual system that the utility model can utilize the observation data of twice to carry out different collimation axis on the one hand checks, and can replace twice traditional instrument height mensuration and two sides chi mensuration, improves leveling work efficiency; Effectively can correct the error that oblique leveling staff produces on the other hand, improve the precision of measurement of the level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1,2 is structural representations of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 3,4 is using state schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 5,6 is structural representations of the utility model embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 3.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, 2: like the prior art, be provided with housing 1 and pedestal 2 that the materials such as metal make, housing 1 and pedestal 2 are fixedly connected by vertical pivot, housing 1 can rotate relative to pedestal 2 around vertical pivot, pedestal 2 is fixedly connected with auxiliary stand, housing 1 is provided with the accurate leveling device 4 being used to refer to the whether vertical circular bubble of vertical pivot 3 and being used to refer to collimation axis whether level, and accurate leveling device 4 is made up of pipe level 4-1 and micro-spiral 4-2 that inclines.The first reading device 8 that upper strata is laterally provided with the first object lens 5, first focusing lens 6 in the horizontal direction from outside to inside successively and is made up of the first eyepiece 8-1 and the first graticule 8-2 in housing 1, is connected to the first focusing screw 7 with the first focusing lens 6.The second reading device 12 that lower floor in housing 1 is laterally also provided with the second object lens 9, second focusing lens 10 in the horizontal direction from outside to inside successively and is made up of the second eyepiece 12-1 and the second graticule 12-2 with prior art difference, be connected to the second focusing screw 11 with the second focusing lens 10, feature is that the optical axis of pair observations passage is parallel to each other and in the same way.
The specific works process of embodiment 1 is as follows:
As shown in Figure 3: follow these steps to carry out:
(1) settle instrument: same as the prior art, two ordinary levelling scales (namely traditional artificial reading scale) are positioned over A, B two measurement points, make it firm.Settle auxiliary stand in the midpoint of A, B two measurement points, auxiliary stand be adjusted to appropriate length, then by the utility model embodiment 1(pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way) be fixed on the frame head of auxiliary stand.
(2) slightly flatten: same as the prior art, placed in the middle by circular bubble 3 bubble regulating foot screw to make to be positioned at bottom housing 1.
(3) finishing is put down: same as the prior art, regulates micro-spiral that inclines, makes the pipe bubble of double-channel balance level in the same way accurately placed in the middle.
(4) sight focusing observation: same as the prior art, the first object lens 5 and the second object lens 9 are sighted levelling staff A, first uses the first reading device 8 to read the level height a1 of levelling staff A; Must be unlike the prior art: re-use the level height a2 that the second reading device 12 reads levelling staff A.
(5) dual system checks and oblique leveling staff correction: unlike the prior art,
A dual system checks: in theory, and the level difference in height (a1-a2) that the first reading device 8 and the second reading device 12 read levelling staff A should equal C, but due to the existence of error, (a1-a2) is not equal to C usually, order:
Do you judge that ε transfinites? if ε within limit difference, then accepts observed value a1 and a2; If it is poor that ε exceeds limit, then again observe.The threshold value transfinited can be determined according to the grade of measurement of the level, and higher grade, and threshold value is less.
B oblique leveling staff corrects: although ε exceeds limit poor (formulation of true upper limit difference ε itself should be taken into account the inclination correction of levelling pole) sometimes, but when get rid of other factors, have reason to be sure of the error of ε only derive from levelling pole back and forth or left and right tilt time, as shown in Figure 4, then can be undertaken correcting to improve accuracy of observation by following formula, the first reading device 8 after oblique leveling staff corrects and the correct reading of the second reading device 12 are:
In formula:
A1 is the level altitude reading that spirit-leveling instrument first reading device 8 reads levelling staff A;
A2 is the level altitude reading that spirit-leveling instrument second reading device 12 reads levelling staff A;
A1 is the correct level altitude reading that spirit-leveling instrument first reading device 8 reads levelling staff A;
A2 is the correct level altitude reading that spirit-leveling instrument second reading device 12 reads levelling staff A;
C is the fixed vertical distance between spirit-leveling instrument second reading device 12 and the first reading device 8 collimation axis;
(6) rotating spirit-leveling instrument telescope makes the first object lens 5 and the second object lens 9 sight levelling staff B, in like manner can obtain correct reading B1, B2 after level altitude reading b1, b2 of levelling staff B and correction.
(7) same as the prior art, the discrepancy in elevation of A, B 2 can be obtained by the level altitude reading of levelling staff A, B.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 5,6: basic structure is with embodiment 1, unlike: the accurate leveling device 4 being used to refer to collimation axis whether level instead of pipe level and micro-spiral that inclines by automatic leveling compensator, be provided with the first automatic leveling compensator 4-3 and the second automatic leveling compensator 4-4, in upper and lower two light paths, correspondence is provided with third reading counting apparatus 13 and the 4th reading device 14, and third reading counting apparatus 13 is made up of reading spectroscope 13-1, reading linear array CCD13-2; 4th reading device 14 is made up of reading spectroscope 14-1, reading linear array CCD14-2.
The course of work of embodiment 2 is identical with embodiment 1.Difference is as follows: (1) no longer needs smart screed step.(2) ordinary levelling scale (namely traditional artificial reading scale) had both been applicable to, also bar code measurement of the level scale (i.e. instrument automatic reading scale) is applicable to, when using ordinary levelling scale, available first reading device 8, second reading device 12 carries out artificial reading, when using bar code measurement of the level scale, changing and realizing instrument automatic reading by third reading counting apparatus 13 and the 4th reading device 14.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 7: basic structure is with embodiment 3, difference is: no longer arrange graticule and eyepiece carries out aiming at or reading, replaces and is provided with the first imaging CCD 15, first LED display 16 and the second imaging CCD17, the second LED display 18.
The course of work of embodiment 3 is identical with embodiment 2.Difference is as follows: LED display directly shows observed image and data message.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 8: basic structure is with embodiment 3, with embodiment 3 difference be: adopt integrated double-face imaging CCD19 to substitute the first imaging CCD 15, second imaging CCD17, data processing and display unit 20(smart mobile phone, palm PC or generic portable computer etc. is connected to double-face imaging CCD19), double-face imaging CCD19 can be connected with between data processing and display unit 20 in wired or wireless communication.
The course of work of embodiment 4 is identical with embodiment 3.
Claims (5)
1. a pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way, there is housing (1), housing (1) is movably connected on pedestal (2) by vertical pivot, housing (1) is fixed with circular bubble (3) and accurate leveling device (4), in housing (1), horizontal one end is provided with the first object lens (5) in the horizontal direction successively, first focusing lens (6) and the first reading device (8), the first focusing screw (7) is connected to the first focusing lens (6), it is characterized in that: be also provided with successively in described housing (1) and the first object lens (5), the optical axis of the first focusing lens (6) and the first reading device (8) is parallel to each other and the second object lens (9) in the same way, second focusing lens (10) and the second reading device (12), with
twofocusing lens (10) is connected to the second focusing screw (11).
2. the passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first reading device (8) is made up of the first eyepiece (8-1) and the first graticule (8-2), second reading device (12) is made up of the second eyepiece (12-1) and the second graticule (12-2), the first eyepiece (8-1) and the first graticule (8-2) photocentre line parallel with the photocentre line of the second eyepiece (12-1), the second graticule (12-2).
3. the passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with third reading counting apparatus (13) and the 4th reading device (14), described third reading counting apparatus (13) and the 4th reading device (14) they are the first reading spectroscope (13-1), the first linear array CCD(13-2 that correspondence is arranged in two light paths) and the second reading spectroscope (14-1), the second line array CCD (14-2).
4. the passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first reading device (8) and the first reading device (12) are corresponding the first imaging CCD(15 be arranged in two light paths respectively), the first display screen (16) and the second imaging CCD(17), second display screen (18).
5. the passage of pair observations in the same way spirit-leveling instrument according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described first linear array CCD(13-2) and the second line array CCD (14-2) by double-face imaging CCD(19) substitute, with double-face imaging CCD(19) be connected to data processing and display unit (20).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420375685.3U CN204214433U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | Pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420375685.3U CN204214433U (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2014-07-08 | Pair observations passage spirit-leveling instrument in the same way |
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| CN204214433U true CN204214433U (en) | 2015-03-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104111060A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-22 | 刘雁春 | Concordant double-observation-channel level gauge |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104111060A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-22 | 刘雁春 | Concordant double-observation-channel level gauge |
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