CN204203375U - A kind of pantograph characteristic test device - Google Patents
A kind of pantograph characteristic test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204203375U CN204203375U CN201420591269.7U CN201420591269U CN204203375U CN 204203375 U CN204203375 U CN 204203375U CN 201420591269 U CN201420591269 U CN 201420591269U CN 204203375 U CN204203375 U CN 204203375U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of pantograph characteristic test device, this device comprises detecting means, wireless communication unit and host computer; Described detecting means is placed on tested double arm pantograph slide plate, and this device is symmetrical two parts, and centre is handle, and handle, at its lower end is provided with infrared sensor; The both sides of this device are provided with sliding type foldable support arm, are fixed on pantograph pan by foldable arm; Support arm is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor; The handle both sides on this device top are provided with the recessed raceway groove contacted with contact net, the bottom flat of this device, are provided with probe-type array pressure sensor; This device inside is provided with the three dimension acceleration sensor parallel with base plate, and this device inside is also provided with temperature sensor; Wireless communication unit is connected with each sensor, and the sensing data of acquisition is sent to host computer, and host computer processes sensing data, and carries out anticipation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to pantograph characteristic test device, particularly relates to a kind of sensor-based pantograph characteristic test device.
Background technology
Pantograph is that electrically-driven car obtains the electrical equipment of electric energy from contact net, be arranged on locomotive or motor-car roof, load current contacts acquisition by contact net with pantograph pan, and the contact between slide plate and contact net, contact resistance, contact area directly affect the normal work of load current.In use contact can not be excessive or too small, otherwise increase mechanical wear or ratio of contact loss; Therefore, the daily servicing of pantograph is the important content of locomotive maintenance, as contact, the slide plate degree of wear of pantograph, and the levelness etc. of slide plate.
Pantograph performs rising bow by locomotive control instruction and falls bow and operates, by pneumatic control, require that pantograph at the uniform velocity rises or declines, in rising close to having one slowly to stagnate during osculatory, then contact osculatory rapidly, and when declining, require the acting force overcoming rising bow spring, pantograph is declined rapidly, disengages net.Pantograph characteristic that Here it is is also the important content of pantograph daily servicing.
At present, the detection of pantograph is safeguarded and is still relied on the manual operation such as slide calliper rule, stopwatch, and there is the impact of larger human factor, data reliability is poor, cannot intuitively reflect pantograph characteristic.Part has the structure of the detecting device of certain automaticity complicated, complex operation, is not easy to carry, and the difficult parameters such as the slide plate degree of wear and levelness is to measure, still do not measure the characteristic test of the height-stressed-time of pantograph, and the measurement of the slide plate degree of wear and levelness.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is that prior art cannot realize the defect automatically detected pantograph characteristic and slide plate wearing and tearing thereof, provides a kind of intelligent detection device being detected the whole parameter of pantograph by sensor technology.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts:
There is provided a kind of pantograph characteristic test device, this device comprises detecting means, wireless communication unit and host computer;
Described detecting means is placed on tested double arm pantograph slide plate, and this device is symmetrical two parts, and centre is handle, and handle, at its lower end is provided with infrared sensor; The both sides of this device are provided with sliding type foldable support arm, are fixed on pantograph pan by foldable arm; Support arm is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor, and when measuring, the hyperacoustic direction of ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor transmission and reception is vertical with pantograph base plate;
The handle both sides on this device top are provided with the recessed raceway groove contacted with contact net, the bottom flat of this device, are provided with probe-type array pressure sensor; This device inside is provided with the three dimension acceleration sensor parallel with base plate, and this device inside is also provided with temperature sensor;
Described wireless communication unit is connected with each sensor, and the sensing data of acquisition is sent to host computer, and host computer processes sensing data, and carries out anticipation.
In device described in the utility model, described foldable arm, when collapsed state, is placed in this device top; During test, the magnet arranged by device side is fixed.
In device described in the utility model, probe-type array pressure sensor comprises voltage dependent resistor (VDR) and probe, and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is fixed in a substrate, be connected with spring, lower spring end is fixedly connected with probe, and probe is through a fixed base plate, and the bottom shape of probe is spindle.
In device described in the utility model, described ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor is transceiving integrated ultrasonic sensor.
In device described in the utility model, this device is also provided with USB charging inlet.
In device described in the utility model, handle, at its lower end is provided with 4 infrared sensors, infrared pulse is sent successively to locomotive top, the infrared pulse of infrared sensor receiver roof reflection, utilize the transmission of infrared pulse and time of reception difference measurements rising bow height and the relation of time, i.e. the rising bow characteristic of pantograph; The acceleration change of three dimension acceleration sensor record slide plate, obtains the rising bow height-stressed-time response of slide plate according to this simultaneously.
The beneficial effect that the utility model produces is: the utility model is independently proving installation, volume is little, lightweight, be easy to carry and operation, can hand labor intensity be alleviated, increase work efficiency and data reliability, can the height-stressed-time response curve of rising bow/fall bow process of perfect measurement pantograph, in addition, measurement data comprises pressure, range finding and levelness, can precise calibration measurement data, and can instruct the I&M of pantograph pan.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the sensor-based pantograph characteristic test device of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is circuit block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of probe-type array pressure sensor of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is infrared distance measurement circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is ultrasonic ranging circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of horizontal degree measurement of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is temperature sensor circuit of the present utility model, USB charging circuit circuit diagram.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
The sensor-based pantograph characteristic test device of the utility model, this device comprises detecting means, wireless communication unit and host computer;
Detecting means is placed on tested double arm pantograph slide plate, and as shown in Figure 1, this device is symmetrical two parts, and centre is handle 3, and handle 3 lower end is provided with infrared sensor 2, measures the height of pantograph distance locomotive roof; The both sides of this device are provided with sliding type foldable support arm 7, are fixed on pantograph pan by foldable arm 7; Support arm 7 is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor 8, measures slide plate thickness.When measuring, the hyperacoustic direction of ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor 8 transmission and reception is vertical with pantograph base plate;
The handle both sides on this device top are provided with the recessed raceway groove contacted with contact net, the bottom flat of this device, this measurement mechanism height can be reduced on the impact of static pressure, bottom is provided with probe-type array pressure sensor 5, for detecting the flatness on pantograph pan surface, for adjudicating abrasion condition; This device inside is provided with the three dimension acceleration sensor 1 parallel with base plate, acceleration change when rising for the levelness of monitoring and testing slide plate and pantograph or decline, in conjunction with the change of height, derivation pantograph stressed-altitude response etc., this device inside is also provided with temperature sensor 6.
Wireless communication unit is connected with each sensor, and the sensing data of acquisition is sent to host computer, and host computer processes sensing data, and carries out anticipation.
Before locomotive control room sends rising bow instruction, this device is fixed on pantograph pan centre position, sends rising bow request instruction.
In rising bow process, 4 infrared sensors 2 of device centre position configuration send infrared pulse to locomotive top successively, the infrared pulse of infrared sensor 2 receiver roof reflection, utilize the transmission of infrared pulse and time of reception difference measurements rising bow height and the relation of time, i.e. the rising bow characteristic of pantograph; Three dimension acceleration sensor 1 records the acceleration change of slide plate simultaneously, can obtain the rising bow height-stressed-time response of slide plate according to this.
When pantograph contacts with contact net, pantograph stops rising, and now its contact will be transmitted on probe-type array pressure sensor 5, and its mean pressure increased is the Static Contact pressure of pantograph pan and contact net.
When pantograph disengaging contacts with contact net, pantograph starts to decline, the infrared sensor 2 of configuration is still utilized to send infrared pulse to locomotive top, the infrared pulse of infrared sensor 4 receiver roof reflection, utilize the transmission of infrared pulse and time of reception difference measurements pantograph height and the relation of time, namely pantograph bow characteristic is fallen; Three dimension acceleration sensor 1 records the acceleration change of slide plate simultaneously, and what can obtain slide plate according to this falls bow height-stressed-time response.
After pantograph characteristic test, measure pantograph pan performance.
Now, pantograph disengaging contacts with contact net, this device can be controlled by handle 3 to slide on pantograph pan detection, handle 3 level is firmly slided, probe-type array pressure sensor 5 detects the pressure of pantograph pan surface every bit, judge flatness and the concentrated wear situation of slide plate thus, be equipped with 2 ultrasonic distance-measuring sensors 8 of foldable arm 7 at the two ends of device simultaneously, measure the bottom of pantograph pan and the distance of sensor, calculate the thickness of slide plate, judge the overall wear situation of slide plate;
In pantograph process of rising or falling, and after contacting with osculatory, built-in 2 three dimension acceleration sensors 1 of pick-up unit detect the change of three-dimensional acceleration, detect the horizontality of pantograph pan.
Nonideal smooth due to locomotive top, infrared distance measurement detects exists certain error, the horizontality that the utility model detects pantograph pan in conjunction with three dimension acceleration sensor 1 carries out correction highly of finding range, and also can be used for the horizontal level of field calibration pantograph pan.
In test process, infrared distance measurement precision is subject to the impact of temperature, and device is furnished with temperature sensor 6 measures ambient temperature, compensates the error of infrared distance measurement.
The microprocessor of this device can data that site disposal is surveyed, and carry out judgement and report to the police, and also host computer can be sent to process further and record preservation by wireless communication unit.
Pressure survey principle of the present utility model is as follows with calibration:
(1) when this proving installation factory calibration, this device is placed on dressing plate, is in static state.The own wt of proving installation will cause probe-type array pressure sensor to produce pressure instruction, and the measured value of each probe is carried out to the demarcation of pressure and probe displacement, the pressure average of whole probe measurement is as deadweight.Now the Z axis of three dimension acceleration sensor points to the earth's core, and X, Y direction component are zero.
(2) when this proving installation is placed on pantograph pan, due to the irregular wear of slide plate, the pressure that each probe is born is different.If the position that is worn is due to recessed, probe is moved down, the pressure born reduces, and the pressure that epirelief place probe is born will increase, its average is still the deadweight of device, the probe that pressure reduces can according to the size of probe pressure change calculations displacement, and the probe of pressure increase also can calculate the size of displacement, and both shift differences can be approximately the degree of wear.
(3) in pantograph process of rising or falling, infrared sensor detects the height of pantograph and the relation of time in real time, meanwhile, due to the scrambling of movement rate, causes the change of acceleration, mechanical characteristic shows as the change of probe displacement.When accelerating as risen, pick-up unit is subject to election power upwards, according to the pressure change that array pressure sensor detects, can derive the relation of height-election power-time when pantograph rises or declines.
(4) when pantograph pan contacts with contact net, there is contact in contact net and slide plate.The large young pathbreaker of this pressure is transmitted on probe array pressure transducer, detected pressures be changed to Static Contact pressure.
(5) side supports put down, when testing apparatus slides on pantograph pan, detect the abrasion condition of slide plate, according to the operation of (2), proving installation is slided into the right from the left side of slide plate and detects, flatness and the wear condition of analyzing slide plate are assessed.Simultaneously, be in the distance of the ultrasonic sensor detecting sensor sensing point below side to pantograph bottom, pressure simultaneously measured by probe-type pressure transducer, the average displacement size of derivation probe, and the level altitude of support, calculated the thickness of current measurement point position slide plate by these three parameters, judge average abrasion degree thus.
As shown in Figure 2, the electric composition of the utility model proving installation comprises microprocessor (or host computer), wireless communication unit, liquid crystal display and warning device, battery and USB charging circuit etc., here the MSP430F149 of low-power consumption can be selected, include the ADC of 8 passage 16bit, 48 road I/O, 2 16 digit counters.
Fig. 3 is structural drawing and the pressure detection circuit of probe-type array pressure sensor of the present utility model; In figure, 13 is voltage dependent resistor (VDR), and fix on the substrate 14, and be connected with spring 15, spring 15 lower end is fixedly connected with probe 16, and fixes negative 17 through position, and the shape of probe base 18 as shown in Figure 3, is spindle, is convenient to probe and slides on slide plate.
The flatness detection 1 i.e. degree of wear of slide plate of pantograph pan detects, as shown in Figure 3, array pressure sensor is voltage dependent resistor (VDR) array, the contact of probe of every a line, each row is scanned by Microprocessor S3C44B0X, the voltage swing exported and the pressure of probe linear, and the contact size of probe also reflects the degree of wear on slide plate, microprocessor can be selected to be MSP430F149, MUX selects ADG1606, amplifier selects OP27, ADC to select the ADC of the 16bit of MSP430F149 inside.
Fig. 4 is infrared distance measurement circuit diagram of the present utility model, in an embodiment of the present utility model, pantograph pan height adopts infrared sensor to detect, testing circuit adopts integrated infrared receiver sensor, the infrared signal sent, through locomotive top reflective tieback receiving end, calculates the height of pantograph pan by sending the mistiming infrared with reception.
Pantograph pan height detection circuit is the infrared and infrared circuit composition of reception primarily of timed sending, according to the height receiving infrared ionization meter pantograph pan distance locomotive top, as shown in Figure 4, multivibrator circuit NE555 produces the square wave of 40kHz, exports infrared transmission probe a to, sends probe a vertical plane and sends to locomotive top, through locomotive top reflective, received by infrared receiver probe b, the signal of reception is given special module CX20106 and is made signal transacting, output pulse signal.The duty of multivibrator NE555 is controlled by the P5.0 of microprocessor MSP430F149, and when P5.0 is high level, NE555 exports square wave, and when P5.0 is low level, NE555 quits work.The signal that infrared receiver probe b and special module CX20106 exports and microprocessor-based control signal have infrared transmission and the mistiming returned, and calculate the distance of receiving and dispatching and popping one's head in locomotive top according to this mistiming.
Height H and mistiming
pass be
In formula, wave velocity C is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation speed.
The reliable distance of infrared distance measurement is 0.2m ~ 15m, and precision can reach 1mm.
Fig. 5 is ultrasonic ranging circuit diagram of the present utility model; In an embodiment of the present utility model, pantograph pan thickness adopts ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor to detect, testing circuit adopts transceiving integrated ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic signal sent is through pantograph pan bottom reflection tieback receiving end, the distance with ultrasonic probe bottom pantograph pan is calculated by the mistiming sent with receive ultrasonic pulse, and according to installing the distance of the position of ultrasonic probe and the probe plane of this device, both differences are the thickness of pantograph pan.
Pantograph pan Thickness sensitivity circuit is primarily of timed sending ultrasonic signal and ultrasound wave receiving circuit composition, according to bottom the time difference measurements pantograph pan that received ultrasonic signal comes and goes with the distance of ultrasonic probe, as shown in Figure 5, multivibrator circuit NE555 produces the square wave of 40kHz, export ultrasound wave to and send probe a, send probe a vertical plane to send to pantograph pan floor, through pantograph pan floor reflection, received by ultrasound wave reception diode b, the signal received is given special module CX20106 and is made signal transacting, output pulse signal.The duty of multivibrator NE555 is controlled by the P5.2 of microprocessor MSP430F149, and when P5.2 is high level, NE555 exports square wave, and when P5.2 is low level, NE555 quits work.The signal that ultrasound wave reception diode b and special module CX20106 exports and the mistiming that microprocessor-based control signal has ultrasonic signal to send and return, calculate the distance bottom transmitting-receiving probe and pantograph pan according to this mistiming.
Height H and mistiming
pass be
In formula, wave velocity C and communication environments temperature
pass be
In formula,
for sound velocity of wave propagation 332m/s, T during zero degree are actual temperature
.
The reliable distance of ultrasonic ranging is 20mm ~ 150mm, and precision can reach 0.2mm.
In the utility model, utilize temperature to compensate ultrasonic ranging, temperature sensor DS18B20 measures ambient temperature can be adopted here.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of horizontal degree measurement of the present utility model; Here three dimension acceleration sensor 1 is selected to be the 3-axis acceleration value that digital three dimension acceleration sensor MMA7455L, microprocessor MSP430F149 can read acceleration transducer.Be installed on circuit board by this acceleration transducer, parallel with tested pantograph plane, its Z axis points to acceleration of gravity direction.When pantograph tilts, acceleration of gravity will decompose on X, Y, Z axis direction, therefore three-dimensional acceleration change when pantograph rises or declines is measured, the inclined degree of pantograph plane can be judged, according to the relation of acceleration, speed, power and quality, the stressed change of pantograph of can deriving in rise/fall process in vertical direction.
In embodiment of the present utility model, temperature-detecting device adopts digital temperature sensor, the port processing temperature information of microprocessor by being connected with digital temperature sensor.As shown in Figure 7, temperature-detecting device adopts DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, port P4.0 (PIN36) the collecting temperature information of microprocessor MSP430F149.Meanwhile ,+5V the power supply that MINI USB interface provides, through charge controller LTC4054 to rechargeable battery (lithium battery) charging, and provide operating voltage needed for this device and electric current by battery, cell voltage is through resistance simultaneously
with
dividing potential drop, changed by the built-in mould number conversion ADC1 of microprocessor MSP430F149, port is P6.0 (PIN59).
The utility model device is provided with LCDs and audible-visual annunciator on panel, the pantograph family curve that liquid crystal display foundation measurement data obtains and key parameter, measured data are through process, compare with standard parameter, the parameter exceeding code requirement will give sound and light alarm, and prompting operator carries out scene and judges, or carries out duplicate measurements, or judge that pantograph and slide plate exist fault, need to process further; This device is furnished with wireless communication unit, the data of measurement is sent to host computer to carry out processing and storing in time.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to the utility model claims.
Claims (6)
1. a pantograph characteristic test device, is characterized in that, this device comprises detecting means, wireless communication unit and host computer;
Described detecting means is placed on tested double arm pantograph slide plate, and this device is symmetrical two parts, and centre is handle, and handle, at its lower end is provided with infrared sensor; The both sides of this device are provided with sliding type foldable support arm, are fixed on pantograph pan by foldable arm; Support arm is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor, and when measuring, the hyperacoustic direction of ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor transmission and reception is vertical with pantograph base plate;
The handle both sides on this device top are provided with the recessed raceway groove contacted with contact net, the bottom flat of this device, are provided with probe-type array pressure sensor; This device inside is provided with the three dimension acceleration sensor parallel with base plate, and this device inside is also provided with temperature sensor;
Described wireless communication unit is connected with each sensor, and the sensing data of acquisition is sent to host computer, and host computer processes sensing data, and carries out anticipation.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described foldable arm, when collapsed state, is placed in this device top; During test, the magnet arranged by device side is fixed.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, probe-type array pressure sensor comprises voltage dependent resistor (VDR) and probe, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is fixed in a substrate, is connected with spring, and lower spring end is fixedly connected with probe, probe is through a fixed base plate, and the bottom shape of probe is spindle.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor is transceiving integrated ultrasonic sensor.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this device is also provided with USB charging inlet.
6. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, handle, at its lower end is provided with 4 infrared sensors, infrared pulse is sent successively to locomotive top, the infrared pulse of infrared sensor receiver roof reflection, utilize the transmission of infrared pulse and time of reception difference measurements rising bow height and the relation of time, i.e. the rising bow characteristic of pantograph; The acceleration change of three dimension acceleration sensor record slide plate, obtains the rising bow height-stressed-time response of slide plate according to this simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420591269.7U CN204203375U (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2014-10-13 | A kind of pantograph characteristic test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420591269.7U CN204203375U (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2014-10-13 | A kind of pantograph characteristic test device |
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| CN204203375U true CN204203375U (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104237710B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-02-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Pantograph characteristic testing device based on sensors |
| CN110779635A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏理工学院 | Subway vehicle pantograph on-line monitoring device |
-
2014
- 2014-10-13 CN CN201420591269.7U patent/CN204203375U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104237710B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-02-15 | 武汉工程大学 | Pantograph characteristic testing device based on sensors |
| CN110779635A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏理工学院 | Subway vehicle pantograph on-line monitoring device |
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